Complete Bibliography

1. Joule, J.P., On the Heat evolved by Metallic Conductors of Electricity, and in the Cells of a Battery during Electrolysis. Philosophical Magazine, 1841. 19(124): p. 260.

First Author: Joule, J. P.
All Authors: Joule, J. P.
Keywords:


2. Wendt, G.L. and C.E. Irion, Experimental attempts to decompose tungsten at high temperatures. Science, 1922. 55(1425): p. 422-423.

First Author: Wendt, G. L.
All Authors: Wendt, G. L., Irion, C. E.
Keywords: Transmutation


3. The Reported Conversion of Hydrogen into Helium. Nature (London), 1926. 118(2971): p. 526-527.

First Author:
All Authors:
Keywords:

The current (September) issue of the Berichte of the German Chemical Society contains a paper by Profs. F. Paneth and K. Peters on "The Transformation of Hydrogen into Helium," in which they describe in outline how they have succeeded in detecting the presence of a very minute amounts of helium, of the order of one hundred millionth of a cubic centimeter, derived from hydrogen which had been absorbed by finely divided palladium at ordinary temperature.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PanethFthepublica.pdf#page=24


4. Herbst, H., Ist der Aufbau des Heliums aus Wasserstoff gelungen? (Was the production of helium from hydrogen succesful?). Chemiker-Zeitung, 1926. 50: p. 905 (in German).

First Author: Herbst, H.
All Authors: Herbst, H.
Keywords: helium critique, history


5. Paneth, F. and K. Peters, On the transmutation of hydrogen to helium. Naturwiss., 1926. 43: p. 956 (in German).

First Author: Paneth, F.
All Authors: Paneth, F., Peters, K.
Keywords: helium, H2, Pd

This is a copy/reprinting of the authors' paper in Ber. 59 (1926) 2039. The authors explain in 1927 that the journal asked for permission to print the paper. It contains exactly the same material as the original.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PanethFthepublica.pdf#page=4


6. Paneth, F. and K. Peters, On the transmutation of hydrogen into helium. Ber., 1926. 59: p. 2039 (in German).

First Author: Paneth, F.
All Authors: Paneth, F., Peters, K.
Keywords: helium H2, Pd, history

1. Fundamental Idea of the Research

The theoretical possibility of converting hydrogen into helium is always being referred to within the context of modern conceptions of Prout's hypothesis, in astrophysical calculations of the life of fixed stars and in radioactive considerations as to the origin of Hessian radiation. So far, however, there have been no successful attempts to bring about this transformation of elements, despite experiments with a wide variety of electrical discharges and the introduction of large amounts of energy.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PanethFthepublica.pdf#page=4


7. Paneth, F., The transmutation of hydrogen into helium. Nature (London), 1927. 119: p. 706.

First Author: Paneth, F.
All Authors: Paneth, F.
Keywords: critique, retraction, history

A few months ago, K. Peters and I published an account of experiments we had made in an attempt to transmute hydrogen into helium (Ber. D. Deutschen. Chem. Ges., 59, 2039: 1926). A more or less detailed account of this publication appeared in the columns of Nature (Vol. 118, p. 526. 1926), and perhaps I may be permitted to refer to a more recent publication on the same topic by K. Peters, P. Gnther, and myself (Ber. D. Deutschen Chem. Ges., 60, 808; 1927). In this communication, as a result of further experiments, we feel that we are in a position to give an explanation of the occurrence of the observed very small quantities of helium in our experiments, without having recourse to the assumption of a synthesis of helium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PanethFthepublica.pdf#page=26


8. Paneth, F., K. Peters, and P. Guenther, On the transmutation of hydrogen into helium. Ber., 1927. 60: p. 808 (in German).

First Author: Paneth, F.
All Authors: Paneth, F., Peters, K., Guenther, P.
Keywords: critique, retraction, history

In German. Submitted February 1927 or about six months after the earlier paper, this retracts the earlier claim. They report that they have now found a hitherto unsuspected source of helium contamination.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PanethFthepublica.pdf#page=28


9. Oliphant, M.L., P. Harteck, and Rutherford, Transmutation Effects Observed with Heavy Hydrogen. Nature (London), 1934. 133: p. 413.

First Author: Oliphant, M. L.
All Authors: Oliphant, M. L., Harteck, P., Rutherford
Keywords: fusion, history, ion bombardment


10. Krause, W. and L. Kahlenberg, On Palladium-Hydrogen. Trans. Electrochem. Soc., 1935. 68: p. 449.

First Author: Krause, W.
All Authors: Krause, W., Kahlenberg, L.
Keywords: Pd, H2, Excess Volume


11. Oppenheimer, J.R. and M. Phillips, Note on the Transmutation Function for Deuterons. Phys. Rev., 1935. 48: p. 500.

First Author: Oppenheimer, J. R.
All Authors: Oppenheimer, J. R., Phillips, M.
Keywords: D, fusion, theory


12. Smith, D.P. and G.J. Derge, The Occlusion and Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals. A. Metallographic Study of Palladium-Hydrogen. Trans. Electrochem. Soc., 1935. LXVI: p. 253.

First Author: Smith, D. P.
All Authors: Smith, D. P., Derge, G. J.
Keywords: Pd H, diffusion, Excess Volume, Chemical Etch


13. Farkas, A., On the electrolytic separation of the hydrogen isotopes on a palladium cathode. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1937. 33: p. 552.

First Author: Farkas, A.
All Authors: Farkas, A.
Keywords: loading, H, Pd, crack, separation


14. Gillespie, L.J. and W.R. Downs, The Palladium-Deuterium Equilibrium. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937. 61: p. 2494.

First Author: Gillespie, L. J.
All Authors: Gillespie, L. J., Downs, W. R.
Keywords: Phase Diagram, pressure, Pd, D, PdD


15. Lacher, J.R., A Theoretical Formula for the Solubility of Hydrogen in Palladium. Royal Society of London Proceedings A, 1937. 161: p. 525.

First Author: Lacher, J. R.
All Authors: Lacher, J. R.
Keywords: Pd, H, Phase Diagram, V, Ta, Ti, Zr, solubility


16. Moore, G.A. and D.P. Smith, The Occlusion and Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals. A. Metallographic Study of Nickel-Hydrogen. Trans. Electrochem. Soc., 1937. LXXI: p. 545.

First Author: Moore, G. A.
All Authors: Moore, G. A., Smith, D. P.
Keywords: Ni, H2, Phase Diagram, metallography


17. Moore, A., The Comportment of Palladium-Hydrogen System Toward Alternating Electric Current. Trans. Electrochem. Soc., 1939. LXXV: p. 237.

First Author: Moore, A.
All Authors: Moore, A.
Keywords: Excess Volume, Pd, H2, dimension, PdH


18. Smith, D.P. and C.S. Barret, Note on the Arrangement of Phases in Pd-H. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940. 62: p. 2565.

First Author: Smith, D. P.
All Authors: Smith, D. P., Barret, C. S.
Keywords: Pd, H, diffusion, structure


19. Armbraster, M., The Solubility of Hydrogen at Low Pressure in Iron, Nickel and Certain Steels at 400 to 600. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943. 65(6): p. 1043-1054.

First Author: Armbraster, M.
All Authors: Armbraster, M.
Keywords:


20. Hanson, A.O. and J.L. McKibben, A Neutron Detector Having Uniform Sensitivity from 10 Kev to 3 MeV. Phys. Rev., 1947. 72(8): p. 673.

First Author: Hanson, A. O.
All Authors: Hanson, A. O., McKibben, J. L.
Keywords: neutron, method, apparatus


21. Norberg, R.E., Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Hydrogen Absorbed into Palladium Wire. Phys. Rev., 1952. 86: p. 745.

First Author: Norberg, R. E.
All Authors: Norberg, R. E.
Keywords: NMR, Pd,


22. Norberg, R.E., Nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen absorbed into palladium wires. Phys. Rev., 1952. 86(5): p. 745.

First Author: Norberg, R. E.
All Authors: Norberg, R. E.
Keywords: Pd, H2, NMR


23. Joncich, M.J. and N. Hackerman, The Reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen on Submerged Platinum Electrode Catalysts. I. Effect of Stirring, Temperarture and Electric Polarization. J. Phys. Chem., 1953. 57: p. 674.

First Author: Joncich, M. J.
All Authors: Joncich, M. J., Hackerman, N.
Keywords: H2, O2, recombination, Pt


24. Arnold, W.R., et al., Cross Sections for the Reactions D-T, D-He ,T-He, He-He below 120 kev. Phys. Rev., 1954. 93: p. 483.

First Author: Arnold, W. R.
All Authors: Arnold, W. R., Phillips, J. A., Sawyer, G. A., Stovall, E. J., Tuck, J. L.
Keywords: fusion cross Section tritium D2, Helium, branching ratio


25. Hoare, J.P. and S. Schuldiner, Mechanisms of hydrogen producing reactions on palladium. III. Hydrogen overvoltage on the polarization and diffusion sides of a cathode-diagram. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1956. 103(4): p. 237.

First Author: Hoare, J. P.
All Authors: Hoare, J. P., Schuldiner, S.
Keywords: PdH, overvoltage, loading


26. Nace, D.M. and J.G. Aston, Palladium Hydride. III. The Thermodynamic Study of Pd2H Between 15 and 303Ã… K. Evidence for the Tetragonal PdH4 Structure in Palladium Hydride. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957. 79: p. 3627.

First Author: Nace, D. M.
All Authors: Nace, D. M., Aston, J. G.
Keywords: Pd, H2, Heat Capacity, pressure, Phase Diagram, PdH4


27. Nace, D.M. and J.G. Aston, Palladium Hydride. I. The Thermodynamic Properties of Pd2H Between 273 and 345 K. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957. 79: p. 3619.

First Author: Nace, D. M.
All Authors: Nace, D. M., Aston, J. G.
Keywords: Pd, H2, thermodynamic, pressure PdH


28. Nace, D.M. and J.G. Aston, Palladium Hydride. III. The Thermodynamic Study of Pd2H Between 15 and 303 K. Evidence for the Tetragonal PdH4 Structure in Palladium Hydride. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957. 79: p. 3627.

First Author: Nace, D. M.
All Authors: Nace, D. M., Aston, J. G.
Keywords: Pd, H2, Heat Capacity, pressure, Phase Diagram, PdH4


29. Worsham, J.E., M.K. Wilkinson, and C.G. Shull, Neutron-Diffraction Observations on the Palladium-hydrogen and Palladium-deuterium systems. J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1957. 3: p. 303.

First Author: Worsham, J. E.
All Authors: Worsham, J. E., Wilkinson, M. K., Shull, C. G.
Keywords: PdH, PdD, D2, H2, structure, neutron diffraction


30. Castellan, G.W., J.P. Hoare, and S. Schuldiner, Electrochemical behavior of the palladium-hydrogen system.(II). Thermodynamic considerations. J. Chem. Phys., 1958. 28: p. 20.

First Author: Castellan, G. W.
All Authors: Castellan, G. W., Hoare, J. P., Schuldiner, S.
Keywords: Pd, H2, phase Diagram, thermodynamic


31. Hoare, J.P., S. Schuldiner, and G.W. Castellan, Electrochemical behavior of the palladium-hydrogen system(III). Gas-charged palladium alloys. J. Chem. Phys., 1958. 28: p. 22.

First Author: Hoare, J. P.
All Authors: Hoare, J. P., Schuldiner, S., Castellan, G. W.
Keywords: Pd, H, Phase Diagram, overvoltage, loading, PdH


32. Schuldiner, S., G.W. Castellan, and J.P. Hoare, Electrochemical Behavior of the Palladium-Hydrogen System. I. Potential-Determining Mechanisms. J. Chem. Phys., 1958. 28: p. 16.

First Author: Schuldiner, S.
All Authors: Schuldiner, S., Castellan, G. W., Hoare, J. P.
Keywords: Pd, H, Phase Diagram, loading, overvoltage


33. Sherfey, J.M. and A. Brenne, Electrochemical Calorimetry. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1958. 105(11): p. 665.

First Author: Sherfey, J. M.
All Authors: Sherfey, J. M., Brenne, A.
Keywords: method, heat


34. Carson, A.W., T.B. Flanagan, and F.A. Lewis, Electrode Potentials and Compound Formation in the Palladium-Platinum-Hydrogen System. Nature (London), 1959. 183: p. 39.

First Author: Carson, A. W.
All Authors: Carson, A. W., Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd-Pt, phase Diagram, overvoltage, H2O


35. Flanagan, T.B. and F.A. Lewis, Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium in Aqueous Solution. Faraday Soc. Trans., 1959. 55: p. 1401.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, resistivity, loading


36. Flanagan, T.B. and F.A. Lewis, Electrode Potentials of the Palladium + Hydrogen System. Faraday Soc., 1959. 55: p. 1409.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, overvoltage, thermodynamic, solubility


37. Goon, E.J., The Non-Stoichiometry of Lathanum Hydride. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1959. 63: p. 2018.

First Author: Goon, E. J.
All Authors: Goon, E. J.
Keywords: Lattice Parameter, La, H, structure, Phase Diagram


38. Carson, A.W., T.B. Flanagan, and F.A. Lewis, Proton Transfer Between Pd/H and Pd/Pt/H Electrodes. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960. 56: p. 1324.

First Author: Carson, A. W.
All Authors: Carson, A. W., Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Overvoltage, Pd, Pt, H2


39. Carson, A.W., T.B. Flanagan, and F.A. Lewis, Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium/Platinum Alloys. Faraday Soc., 1960. 56: p. 363.

First Author: Carson, A. W.
All Authors: Carson, A. W., Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, Pt, H, overvoltage, resistivity


40. Lewis, F.A., The Hydrides of Palladium and Palladium Alloys. Pt. Met. Rev., 1960. 4-5: p. 132.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: PdH, review, Phase Diagram, diffusion


41. Marion, J.B., et al., A Versatile, High Efficiency 4 pi Neutron Detector. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1960. 8: p. 297.

First Author: Marion, J. B.
All Authors: Marion, J. B., Levesque, R. J. A., Ludemann, C. A., Detenbeck, R. W.
Keywords: neutron, method, apparatus


42. van de Vate, J.F., O. Reifenschweiler, and G. van de Ligt, Onderzoekingen Naar De Temperatuurvastheid Van Fijnverdeelde Metaal-Tritium-Systemen In Vacuum. 1960, Philips Corporation.

First Author: van de Vate, J. F.
All Authors: van de Vate, J. F., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G.
Keywords: titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity

This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library:

http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:34d2c20b-6847-4f3d-af49-71211557d4ea/tn2014-00264.pdf

The paper is in Dutch. It includes a Summary in English:

The temperature stability of finely dispersed metaltritium systems in vacuum was investigated. The tritium content of the metals was measured by a new method based on the radio-activity of the tritium. Ways were found to prepare metal-tritium systems, sufficiently temperature-stable for technical applications. In addition, the experiments were found to be of interest in checking various classical and modern theories on the formation of hydrides.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/vandeVateJonderzoeki.pdf


43. van de Vate, J.F., O. Reifenschweiler, and G. van de Ligt, The Internal And External Bremsstrahlung Associated With, Beta-Decay In Tritium. 1960, Philips Corporation.

First Author: van de Vate, J. F.
All Authors: van de Vate, J. F., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G.
Keywords: titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity

This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library:

http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:e06e3502-3173-4795-9f16-b9e79f106107/tn2014-00266.pdf

By "Bremsstrahlung" is meant the continuous quantum radiation arising when electrons undergo braking in the fields of atomic nuclei. Discovered by Rontgen as long ago as 1895, this type of radiation occurs when the beta-electrons from a disintegrating beta-emitter are braked in the surrounding matter, being termed "external bremsstrahlung" in this case. But in such isotopes the beta-electron is also accompanied by a type of radiation that is independent of the surrounding matter. This type is called "internal bremsstrahlung", because it is generated by the electron inside the radioactive atom, during the decay process. It was first demonstrated by Aston 1) in the "twenties" when, in the course of gamma-ray measurements on RaE, he detected a soft, inhomogeneous form of gamma-radiation.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/vandeVateJtheinterna.pdf


44. Van Swaay, M. and C.E. Birchenall, Permeability and diffusion of hydrogen through palladium. Trans. Metal. Soc., AIME, 1960. 218: p. 285.

First Author: Van Swaay, M.
All Authors: Van Swaay, M., Birchenall, C. E.
Keywords: Diffusion, H, Pd, solubility, phase diagram


45. Flanagan, T.B., Absorption of Deuterium by Palladium. J. Phys. Chem., 1961. 65: p. 280.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: Pd, D, resistivity, overvoltage, pressure


46. Hurlbert, R.C. and J.O. Konecny, Diffusion of hydrogen through palladium. J. Chem. Phys., 1961. 34: p. 655.

First Author: Hurlbert, R. C.
All Authors: Hurlbert, R. C., Konecny, J. O.
Keywords: Pd, H, diffusion


47. Kalff, P.J., O. Reifenschweiler, and G. van de Ligt, Enkele Experimenten Aan Metaal-Zuurstof-Tritiumsystemen. 1961, Philips Corporation.

First Author: Kalff, P. J.
All Authors: Kalff, P. J., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G.
Keywords: titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity

This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library:

http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:9ce8ae9a-8ff7-4c94-9e6b-e67841c4e9ab/tn2014-00267.pdf

This paper is in Dutch. It includes a Summary in English:

The investigations by van de Vate, Reifenschweiler and van de Ligt into the temperature-resistant properties of finely dispersed metal-tritium systems have been supplemented by experiments on titanium-oxygen-tritium systems, mainly intended for the purposes of orientation. In these experiments both the tritium and the oxygen pressure were varied and the influence of these variations on the composition of the temperature-resistant residue was ascertained. A further experiment was carried out with neodynium powder.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KalffPJenkeleexpe.pdf


48. Kojima, H., R.S. Tebble, and D.E.G. Williams, The variation with temperature of the magnetic susceptibility of some of the transition metals. Proc. Royal Soc London, A, 1961. 260: p. 237.

First Author: Kojima, H.
All Authors: Kojima, H., Tebble, R. S., Williams, D. E. G.
Keywords: susceptibility, Pd, Pt, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, W, Re, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir


49. Maeland, A.J. and T.R.P. Gibb, X-Ray Diffraction Observations of The Pd-H system Through the Critical Region. J. Phys. Chem., 1961. 65: p. 1270.

First Author: Maeland, A. J.
All Authors: Maeland, A. J., Gibb, T. R. P.
Keywords: Pd, H, Lattice Parameter, Phase Diagram


50. Wickenden, D.K. and O. Reifenschweiler, Some Investigations into the Bremsstrahlung of Tritium. 1961, Philips Corporation.

First Author: Wickenden, D. K.
All Authors: Wickenden, D. K., Reifenschweiler, O.
Keywords: titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity

This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library:

http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:48116fe3-dadb-481e-b282-cea0bb47609e/tn2014-00263.pdf

The internal and external bremsstrahlung of tritium have been investigated by a new method, using titanium-tritium films. A great discrepancy was found between the experimental results and the theory. The experimental values of the ratio I-EBS were between four and thirty times lower than the ratio I-IBS predicted by theory. This discrepancy may be due either to the generation of characteristic x-radiation in the experimental arrangement used or to the fact that the theory is not applicable to tritium on account of its extremely low atomic number and beta-ray energy. The wide scatter in the experimental results may likewise be due to the generation of characteristic x-radiation.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WickendenDsomeinvest.pdf


51. Barton, J.C. and F.A. Lewis, Interface Impedance and the Apparent Electrical Resistance of Palladium Hydrides in Aqueous Solutions. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1962. 58: p. 103.

First Author: Barton, J. C.
All Authors: Barton, J. C., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: resistance, PdH, resistivity


52. Barton, J.C., F.A. Lewis, and I. Woodward, Hysteresis of the Relationships Between Electrical Resistance and Hydrogen Content of Palladium. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1963. 59: p. 1201.

First Author: Barton, J. C.
All Authors: Barton, J. C., Lewis, F. A., Woodward, I.
Keywords: Pd, H2, resistance, magnetic Susceptibility


53. Bigeleisen, J. and E.C. Kerr, Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Dilute Solutions of HT in e-H2 and DT in e-D2 from the Triple Points to the Critical Temperatures of the Solutions. J. Chem. Phys., 1963. 39: p. 763.

First Author: Bigeleisen, J.
All Authors: Bigeleisen, J., Kerr, E. C.
Keywords: H, tritium D, fractionation, separation


54. Boniszewski, T. and G.C. Smith, The influence of hydrogen on the plastic deformation ductility, and fracture of nickel in tension. Acta Metall., 1963. 11: p. 165.

First Author: Boniszewski, T.
All Authors: Boniszewski, T., Smith, G. C.
Keywords: H, Ni, diffusion, strength, dislocation


55. Manuel, A.J. and J.M.P. St Quinton, The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293Ã…K. Proc. Royal Soc London, A, 1963. 273: p. 412.

First Author: Manuel, A. J.
All Authors: Manuel, A. J., St Quinton, J. M. P.
Keywords: susceptibility, Pd, Pd-Rh


56. Manuel, A.J. and J.M.P. St Quinton, The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293K. Proc. Royal Soc London, A, 1963. 273: p. 412.

First Author: Manuel, A. J.
All Authors: Manuel, A. J., St Quinton, J. M. P.
Keywords: susceptibility, Pd, Pd-Rh


57. Sof'ina, V.V., Activation of Hydrogen Adsorption by Palladium. Pribory i Teckh. Eksp., 1963(4): p. 174.

First Author: Sof'ina, V. V.
All Authors: Sof'ina, V. V.
Keywords: activation, Pd, H2, loading


58. Tsuchida, T., Role of hydrogen atoms in palladium. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1963. 18: p. 1016.

First Author: Tsuchida, T.
All Authors: Tsuchida, T.
Keywords: Pd, PdH, susceptibility, Hall effect, Pd-Ag-H, lattice parameter


59. Von Buttlar, H., W. Vielstich, and H. Barth, Deuterium und tritumtrennfaktoren bei der elektrolytischen wasserstoffabscheidung. Berichte Bunsengesellschaft, 1963. 67: p. 650.

First Author: Von Buttlar, H.
All Authors: Von Buttlar, H., Vielstich, W., Barth, H.
Keywords: H, D, T, fractionation, separation, overpotential


60. Green, J.A.S. and F.A. Lewis, Overvoltage Component at Palladized Cathodes of Palladium and Palladium Alloys Prior to and During Bubble Evolution. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1964. 60: p. 2234.

First Author: Green, J. A. S.
All Authors: Green, J. A. S., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Overvoltage, Pd, H2, resistivity, deloading, bubbles


61. Izuyama, T., Anomalous susceptibility due to paramagnetic impurities. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1964. 133: p. 851.

First Author: Izuyama, T.
All Authors: Izuyama, T.
Keywords: susceptibility


62. Seitchie, J.A., A.C. Gossard, and V.J. Accarino, Knight shifts and susceptibilities of transition metals: Palladium. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1964. 136: p. 1119.

First Author: Seitchie, J. A.
All Authors: Seitchie, J. A., Gossard, A. C., Accarino, V. J
Keywords: susceptibility, Pd


63. Shackelford, J.F., CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook Diffusion of metals into metalsShackelford, J.F. 1964.

First Author: Shackelford, J. F.
All Authors: Shackelford, J. F.
Keywords: diffusion, Pd,


64. Barton, J.C., J.A.S. Green, and F.A. Lewis, Changes of Electrode Potential and Electrical Resistance as a Function of the Hydrogen Content of some Pd+Ni and Pd+Rh alloys. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965.

First Author: Barton, J. C.
All Authors: Barton, J. C., Green, J. A. S., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, Rh, Ni, H, overvoltage, resistance, solubility, phase Diagram


65. Bihl, V., O. Reifenschweiler, and G. van de Ligt, Experimente Zur Darstellung Von Temperaturfesten Metall-Tritium Systemen. 1965, Philips Corporation.

First Author: Bihl, V.
All Authors: Bihl, V., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G.
Keywords: titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity

This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library:

http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:7d20843d-41d4-424b-a52a-a5f312168d94/tn2014-00268.pdf

The paper is in German. It includes a Summary in English:

The following experiments deal with the preparation of titanium-tritium and zirkonium-tritium systems, which are stable against heating. It could be shown that such systems suitable as priming agent in gas discharge tubes can be prepared by heating the fine dispersed metals in a tritium atmosphere.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BihlVexperiment.pdf


66. Bockris, J., J. McBreen, and L. Lewis, The Hydrogen Evolution Kinetics and Hydrogen Entry into a-Iron. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1965. 112: p. 1025.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., McBreen, J., Lewis, L.
Keywords: Fe, hydrogen, reaction, FeH


67. Fowler, W.A., et al., The synthesis and destruction of elements in peculiar stars of types A and B. Astrophys. J., 1965. 142(2): p. 423-450.

First Author: Fowler, W. A.
All Authors: Fowler, W. A., Burbidge, E. M., Burbidge, G. R., Hoyle, F.
Keywords:


68. Simons, J.K. and T.B. Flanagan, Absorption Isotherms of H in the Alpha-Phase of the H-Pd System. J. Phys. Chem., 1965. 69: p. 3773.

First Author: Simons, J. K.
All Authors: Simons, J. K., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: PdH, pressure, thermodynamic, resistivity


69. Simons, J.W. and T.B. Flanagan, Effects of the Electronic Band Shape of Palladium Metal on the Proton Model for Hydrogen Absorption. Canadian J. Chem., 1965. 43: p. 1665.

First Author: Simons, J. W.
All Authors: Simons, J. W., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: Pd, H, Density Of States, theory


70. Barton, J.C., W.F.N. Leitch, and F.A. Lewis, Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladized Palladium Electrodes Following Immersion in Oxidizing Solutions. Electrochim. Acta, 1966. 11: p. 1171.

First Author: Barton, J. C.
All Authors: Barton, J. C., Leitch, W. F. N., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, loading


71. Flanagan, T.B. and J.W. Simon, Consequences of the Proton Model for Hydrogen Adsorption in the b Phase of the Hydrogen-Palladium System. J. Phys. Chem., 1966. 70: p. 3750.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Simon, J. W.
Keywords: Pd, H2, PdH, adsorption, theory, thermodynamic


72. Gibb, T.R.P., Lattice-Distension and the Magnetic Susceptibility of Palladium Hydride. 1966.

First Author: Gibb, T. R. P.
All Authors: Gibb, T. R. P.
Keywords: Pd, H, Magnetic Susceptibility, lattice Parameter, density Of States,


73. Lam, D.J. and K.M. Myles, The magnetic susceptibilities of Pd-Cd, Pd-Sn, and Pt-Cu binary alloys. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1966. 21: p. 1503.

First Author: Lam, D. J.
All Authors: Lam, D. J., Myles, K. M.
Keywords: susceptibility, Pd, Pd-Cd, Pd-Sb, Pt-Cu


74. Fowler, W.A., G.R. Caughlan, and B.A. Zimmermann, Thermonuclear Reaction Rates. Ann. Rev. Astr. Astrophys., 1967. 5: p. 525.

First Author: Fowler, W. A.
All Authors: Fowler, W. A., Caughlan, G. R., Zimmermann, B. A.
Keywords: branching ratio


75. Gamarra, N., Erroneous Predictions. Library of Congress, 1967.

First Author: Gamarra, N.
All Authors: Gamarra, N.
Keywords: predictions, history


76. Holleck, G.L. and T.B. Flanagan, The mechanism for the isotopic exchange between deuterium and acidic solutions on palladium surfaces. J. Phys. Chem., 1967. 71: p. 3110.

First Author: Holleck, G. L.
All Authors: Holleck, G. L., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: loading, Pd, D2O


77. Jordan, K.C., B.C. Blanke, and W.A. Dudley, Half-Life of Tritium. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 1967. 29: p. 2129.

First Author: Jordan, K. C.
All Authors: Jordan, K. C., Blanke, B. C., Dudley, W. A.
Keywords: tritium, half-life


78. Komaki, H., production de proteins par 29 souches de microorganismes et augmentation du potassium en milieu de culture sodique sans potassium. Revue de Pathologie Comparee, 1967. 67: p. 213.

First Author: Komaki, H.
All Authors: Komaki, H.
Keywords: biological, transmutation


79. Lewis, F.A., The Palladium Hydrogen System. 1967, New York: Academic Press.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: PdH, review, structure, thermodynamic, phase diagram, lattice parameter, pressure,


80. Allard, K., et al., Application of the Electron-Donation Model for Hydrogen Absorption to Palladium-Rich Alloys. Hydrogen-Gold-Palladium. J. Phys. Chem., 1968. 72: p. 136.

First Author: Allard, K.
All Authors: Allard, K., Maeland, A. J., Simons, J. W., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: H, electron Structure Au-Pd Phase Diagram, loading


81. Ho, N.S. and F.D. Manchester, The Electrical Resistivity of Palladium-Hydrogen and Palladium-Deuterium Alloys between 4 and 300 K. Can. J. Phys., 1968. 46: p. 1341.

First Author: Ho, N. S.
All Authors: Ho, N. S., Manchester, F. D.
Keywords: PdD, PdH, resistivity


82. Lewis, F.A., The hydrides of palladium and palladium alloys. Pt. Met. Rev., 1968. 4/5: p. 61.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, Phase Diagram, H, loading


83. Baranowski, B. and R. Wisniewski, The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25Ã… C. Phys. Stat. Sol. A, 1969. 35: p. 593.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Wisniewski, R.
Keywords: Pd, H2, resistivity, PdH, H/Pd


84. Baranowski, B. and R. Wisniewski, The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25 C. Phys. Stat. Sol. A, 1969. 35: p. 593.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Wisniewski, R.
Keywords: Pd, H2, resistivity, PdH, H/Pd


85. Burch, R., On the role of silver atoms in the absorption of hydrogen by palladium-silver alloys. Solid State Commun., 1969. 7: p. 1313.

First Author: Burch, R.
All Authors: Burch, R.
Keywords: Pd, Ag, Pd-Ag, phase Diagram, pressure, H2


86. Komaki, H., Formation de protines et variations minerales par des microorganismes en milieu de culture, sort avec or sans potassium, sort avec ou sans phosphore. Revue de Pathologie Comparee, 1969. 69: p. 83.

First Author: Komaki, H.
All Authors: Komaki, H.
Keywords: biological, transmutation


87. Bockris, J. and A.K.N. Reddy, Modern electrochemistry; an introduction to an interdisciplinary area. 1970, New York: Plenum Press.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Reddy, A. K. N.
Keywords:


88. Bockris, J. and P.K. Subramanyan, The equivalent pressure of molecular hydrogen in cavities within metals in terms of the overpotential developed during the evolution of hydrogen. Electrochim. Acta, 1971. 16: p. 2169.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Subramanyan, P. K.
Keywords: pressure, cracks, Pd, H2O, overvoltage


89. Bucur, R. and F.A. Lewis, The Establishment of Equilibria in the Isotopic Distribution of Hydrogen and Deuterium Between Palladium and Aqueous Solutions. Z. Phys. Chem. Neue Folge, 1971. 75: p. 207.

First Author: Bucur, R.
All Authors: Bucur, R., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Separation Factor, H2O, D2O, PdH, PdD


90. Oates, W.A. and T.B. Flanagan, Formation of Nearly Stoichiometric Palladium-Hydrogen Systems. Nature Phys. Sci., 1971. 231: p. 19.

First Author: Oates, W. A.
All Authors: Oates, W. A., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: Pd, H2, composition, loading, method H/Pd


91. Wisniewski, R. and A.J. Rostocki, Hall Effect in the Pd-H System. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1971. 3(2): p. 251.

First Author: Wisniewski, R.
All Authors: Wisniewski, R., Rostocki, A. J.
Keywords: Hall Effect, Pd, H, Effective Electrons, H/Pd


92. Arnoult, W. and R.B. McLellan, The Solubility of Carbon in Rhodium, Ruthenium, Iridium and Rhenium. Scr. Metall., 1972. 6: p. 1013.

First Author: Arnoult, W.
All Authors: Arnoult, W., McLellan, R. B.
Keywords: C, Rh, Ru, Ir, Rh, Pd, solubility


93. Baranowski, B., High Pressure Research on Palladium-Hydrogen Systems. Pt. Met. Rev., 1972. 16-17: p. 10.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B.
Keywords: Pd, H, pressure, resistivity, PdH


94. Dandapani, B. and M. Fleischmann, Electrolytic Separation Factors on Palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1972. 39: p. 323.

First Author: Dandapani, B.
All Authors: Dandapani, B., Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: Pd, H2, D2, separation


95. Dekhtyar, I.Y. and V.S. Shevchenko, Positron Annihilation in the System Palladium-Hydrogen. Phys. Stat. Sol. B, 1972. 49: p. K11.

First Author: Dekhtyar, I. Ya.
All Authors: Dekhtyar, I. Ya., Shevchenko, V. S.
Keywords: positron, PdH


96. Kervran, C.L., Biological Transmutations. 1972: Swan House Publishing Co.

First Author: Kervran, C. L.
All Authors: Kervran, C. L.
Keywords: biological, transmutation, book,


97. Louthan, J., M. R., et al., Hydrogen Embrittlement of Metals. Mater. Sci. and Eng., 1972. 10: p. 357.

First Author: Louthan, Jr, M. R.
All Authors: Louthan, Jr, M. R., Caskey, Jr, G. R., Donovan, J. A., Rawl, Jr., D. E.
Keywords: H, embrittlement, strength, Cu, Al, cracks


98. Baranowski, B., S. Majchrzak, and T.B. Flanagan, A High-Pressure Investigation of the Rhodium/Palladium/Hydrogen System. J. Phys. Chem., 1973. 77: p. 35.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Majchrzak, S., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: Pd, Rh, H, phase Diagram, Pd-Rh


99. Catlett, D.S., J.N. Spencer, and G.J. Vogt, Hydrogen Transport in Lithium Hydride as a Function of Pressure. J. Chem. Phys., 1973. 58: p. 3432.

First Author: Catlett, D. S.
All Authors: Catlett, D. S., Spencer, J. N., Vogt, G. J.
Keywords: pressure, diffusion, LiH


100. Fischer, U., H. Jâ€Âger, and W. Lochte-Holtgreven, Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity. Phys. Lett. B, 1973. 44(2): p. 161.

First Author: Fischer, U.
All Authors: Fischer, U., J‰ger, H., Lochte-Holtgreven, W.
Keywords: neutron, ND3, explosion


101. Fischer, U., H. Jâger, and W. Lochte-Holtgreven, Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity. Phys. Lett. B, 1973. 44(2): p. 161.

First Author: Fischer, U.
All Authors: Fischer, U., Jâger, H., Lochte-Holtgreven, W.
Keywords: neutron, ND3, explosion


102. Lynch, J.F., J.D. Clewley, and T.B. Flanagan, The Formation of Voids in Palladium Metal by the Introduction and Removal of Interstital Hydrogen. Philos. Mag. A, 1973. 28: p. 1415.

First Author: Lynch, J. F.
All Authors: Lynch, J. F., Clewley, J. D., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: Pd, H, solubility, Excess Volume, cracks


103. Lynch, J.F. and T.B. Flanagan, An investigation of the dynamic equilibrium between chemisorbed and absorbed hydrogen in the palladium/hydrogen system. J. Phys. Chem., 1973. 77: p. 2628.

First Author: Lynch, J. F.
All Authors: Lynch, J. F., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: Pd, H, absorption, loading, thermodynamic


104. Witherspoon, T.C., W.D. McFall, and T.C. Lewis, Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium/Rhodium Alloys and the Possible Existence of b-Phase Rhodium Hydride. Nature Phys. Sci., 1973. 242: p. 44.

First Author: Witherspoon, T. C.
All Authors: Witherspoon, T. C., McFall, W. D., Lewis, T. C.
Keywords: Pd-Rh, Phase Diagram, pressure, H2, structure


105. Betteridge, W. and J. Hope, The separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures:a process of absorption and desorption by palladium. Pt. Met. Rev., 1974. 18-19: p. 50.

First Author: Betteridge, W.
All Authors: Betteridge, W., Hope, J.
Keywords: Pd, H, loading, absorption


106. Schirber, J.E. and C.J.M. Northrup, Concentration Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature In Pd-H and Pd-D. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1974. 10: p. 3818.

First Author: Schirber, J. E.
All Authors: Schirber, J. E., Northrup, C. J. M.
Keywords: superconductivity, Pd, H,


107. Thompson, A.W., Hydrogen Compatibility of Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys. Metal. Trans. A, 1974. 5: p. 1855.

First Author: Thompson, A. W.
All Authors: Thompson, A. W.
Keywords: H, strength, Ni


108. Baranowski, B., T. Skoskiewicz, and A.W. Szafranski, The Metallic Behavior of Hydrogen in Palladium. Sov. J. Low Temp. Phys., 1975. 1: p. 296.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Skoskiewicz, T., Szafranski, A. W.
Keywords: Pd, H2, PdH, density Of States, Heat Capacity, superconductivity


109. Burger, J.P., et al., Electrical Resistivity of Pd-Hx: Residual Resistivity. Solid State Commun., 1975. 17: p. 227.

First Author: Burger, J. P.
All Authors: Burger, J. P., MacLachlan, D. S., Mailfert, R., Souffache, B.
Keywords: resistivity, Pd, PdH


110. Fullenwider, M., Electrochemical current balance with the hydrogen-palladium system. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1975. 122(5): p. 648.

First Author: Fullenwider, M.
All Authors: Fullenwider, M.
Keywords: loading, PdH, Pd, electrolysis, H2O


111. Komaki, H. and C.L. Kervran. Experiences de Komaki, Premiere Serie de Recherches. in Preuves en biologie de transmutations a faible energie. 1975. Maloine, S. A. , Paris.

First Author: Komaki, H.
All Authors: Komaki, H., Kervran, C. L.
Keywords:


112. Schirber, J.E. and B. Morosin, Lattice Constants of Beta-Pd-Hx and Beta-PdDx with x Near 1.0. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1975. 12: p. 117.

First Author: Schirber, J. E.
All Authors: Schirber, J. E., Morosin, B.
Keywords: Pd, H, D, Lattice Parameter


113. Stritzker, B. and J. Becker, Superconductivity in Metastable Pd-Alloys Produced by Ion Implantation at Low Temperatures. Phys. Lett. A, 1975. 51: p. 147.

First Author: Stritzker, B.
All Authors: Stritzker, B., Becker, J.
Keywords: PdH, PdD, PdC, PdB, superconductivity, ion Implanation


114. Witherspoon, M.C., R.C. Johnston, and F.A. Lewis, The Steady-State Hydrogen Content of Catalytically Active Noble Metal Cathodes During Hydrogen Bubble Evolution at High Current Densities. Electrochim. Acta, 1975. 20: p. 519.

First Author: Witherspoon, M. C.
All Authors: Witherspoon, M. C., Johnston, R. C., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: overVoltage, H2O, Pd, loading


115. Boes, N. and H. Zuchner, Electrochemical methods for studying diffusion, permeation and solubility of hydrogen in metals. J. Less-Common Met., 1976. 49: p. 223.

First Author: Boes, N.
All Authors: Boes, N., Zuchner, H.
Keywords: Pd, PdH, diffusion


116. Clarke, W.B., W.J. Jenkins, and Z. Top, Determination of Tritium by Mass Spectrometric Measurement of 3He. Int. J. Appl. Radia. Isot., 1976. 27: p. 515.

First Author: Clarke, W. B.
All Authors: Clarke, W. B., Jenkins, W. J., Top, Z.
Keywords: tritium,, Helium,, method


117. Fromm, E. and E. Gebhardt, Gases and Carbon in Metals. 1976: Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

First Author: Fromm, E.
All Authors: Fromm, E., Gebhardt, E.
Keywords: Pd, H, O, D, solubility, phase Diagram, diffusion, thermodynamic, resistivity, Pd-Ag, review


118. Jamieson, H.C., G.C. Weathrely, and F.D. Manchester, The b-a Phase Transformation in Palladium-Hydrogen Alloys. J. Less-Common Met., 1976. 56: p. 85.

First Author: Jamieson, H. C.
All Authors: Jamieson, H. C., Weathrely, G. C., Manchester, F. D.
Keywords: Pd, H2, Phase Diagram, Excess Volume, Lattice Parameter


119. Lewis, F.A., A. Obermann, and G. Hodes, Hydrogen Overpotential and Underpotential at Palladium-Black and Platinum-Black Surfaces. Surf. Technol., 1976. 4: p. 79.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A., Obermann, A., Hodes, G.
Keywords: Pd, Pt, overvoltage, H, Pd-black, Pt-black


120. Musket, G., Effects of Contamination on the Interaction of H Gas with Pd : A Review. J. Less-Common Met., 1976. 45: p. 173.

First Author: Musket, G.
All Authors: Musket, G.
Keywords: Pd, H, contamination, review, cleaning, method, PdO


121. Tien, J.K., et al., Hydrogen Transport by Dislocations. Metal. Trans. A, 1976. 7: p. 851.

First Author: Tien, J. K.
All Authors: Tien, J. K., Thompson, A. W., Bernstein, I. M., Richards, P. M.
Keywords: H, diffusion, Excess Volume, dislocation


122. Van Vucht, J.H.N. and K.H.J. Buschow, Note on the Occurrence of Intermetallic Compounds in the Lithium-Palladium System. J. Less-Common Met., 1976. 48: p. 345.

First Author: Van Vucht, J. H. N.
All Authors: Van Vucht, J. H. N., Buschow, K. H. J.
Keywords: Pd-Li, Phase Diagram, Lattice Parameter


123. Wipf, H. and V. Erckman, On Permeation Techniques for Electrotransport Studies on Metal-Hydrogen Systems. Scr. Metall., 1976. 10: p. 813.

First Author: Wipf, H.
All Authors: Wipf, H., Erckman, V.
Keywords: V, Nb, Ta, H, charge, electromigration


124. Zimmermann, G.J., Internal Friction and Modulus Behaviour of Pd-H with H-Contents Up to n=0.9. J. Less-Common Met., 1976. 49: p. 49.

First Author: Zimmermann, G. J.
All Authors: Zimmermann, G. J.
Keywords: Pd, H, Internal Friction, loading, PdH


125. Camp, W.J., Helium Detrapping and Release from Metal Tritides. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1977. 14: p. 514.

First Author: Camp, W. J.
All Authors: Camp, W. J.
Keywords: helium tritium, release, PdT


126. Loebich, J., D. and C.J. Raub, Das Zustandsdiagramm Lithium-Palladium und die Magnetischen Eigenschaften der Li-Pd Legierungen. J. Less-Common Met., 1977. 55: p. 67.

First Author: Loebich, Jr., D.
All Authors: Loebich, Jr., D., Raub, C. J.
Keywords: Pd-Li, Li, Phase Diagram


127. Oates, W.A. and T.B. Flanagan, Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen in Palladium and its Alloys under Conditions of Constant Volume. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1977. 1(73): p. 993.

First Author: Oates, W. A.
All Authors: Oates, W. A., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: H2, Pd, PdH, thermodynamic, pressure


128. Smith, T.F. and G.K. White, Gruneisen Parameters , Electron-Phonon Enhancement and Superconductivity for Pd-H Alloys. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1977. 7: p. 1029.

First Author: Smith, T. F.
All Authors: Smith, T. F., White, G. K.
Keywords: Thermal Expansion, Pd, H, superconductivity


129. Anderson, I.S., D.K. Ross, and C.J. Carlile, The Structure of the g Phase of Palladium Deuteride. Phys. Lett. A, 1978. 68: p. 249.

First Author: Anderson, I. S.
All Authors: Anderson, I. S., Ross, D. K., Carlile, C. J.
Keywords: structure, PdD, lattice Parameter, gamma phase


130. Conway, B.E. and J.C. Currie, Significance of effects of pressure on electrode reactions.Part III.Equilibrium processes at reference electrodes and the volume of H in Pd. Canadian J. Chem., 1978. 56: p. 915.

First Author: Conway, B. E.
All Authors: Conway, B. E., Currie, J. C.
Keywords: Pd, H, overvoltage, molar volume


131. Early, J.G., Hydrogen diffusion in palladium by galvaostatic charging. Acta Metall., 1978. 26: p. 1215.

First Author: Early, J. G.
All Authors: Early, J. G.
Keywords: diffusion, Pd, H2


132. Lewis, F.A., W.F.N. Leitch, and A. Murray, Electrolytic Hydrogen Isotope Separation Factors and Efficiency of Exchange Between D2O and Hydrogen (Protium) at Palladium Electrodes. Sur. Technol., 1978. 7: p. 385.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A., Leitch, W. F. N., Murray, A.
Keywords: Pd, separation factor, H/D


133. Mamyrin, B.A., L.V. Khabarin, and V.S. Yudenich, Anomalously High Isotope Ratio in Helium in Technical-Grade Metals and Semiconductors. Sov. Phys. Dokl., 1978. 23: p. 581.

First Author: Mamyrin, B. A.
All Authors: Mamyrin, B. A., Khabarin, L. V., Yudenich, V. S.
Keywords: helium abnormal isotope


134. Miller, R.J., T.O. Brun, and C.B. Satterthwaite, Magnetic Susceptibility of Pd-H and Pd-D at Temperatures Between 6 and 150 K. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1978. 18: p. 5054.

First Author: Miller, R. J.
All Authors: Miller, R. J., Brun, T. O., Satterthwaite, C .B.
Keywords: Pd, H, D, magnetic Susceptibility, PdH, PdD


135. Moffatt, W.G., Pd-Li Phase Diagram. 1978: General Electric.

First Author: Moffatt, W. G.
All Authors: Moffatt, W. G.
Keywords: Pd, Li, Phase Dagram,


136. Picard, C., O.J. Kleppa, and G. Boureau, Thermodynamic Study of the Palladium-Hydrogen System at 245-352 C and at Pressures Up To 34 atm. J. Chem. Phys., 1978. 69: p. 5549.

First Author: Picard, C.
All Authors: Picard, C., Kleppa, O. J., Boureau, G.
Keywords: Pd, H2, PdH, thermodynamic, pressure, Phase Diagram, enthalpy


137. Postnikov, V.S., V.V. Postnikov, and V.M. Fedorov, Instability and Superconductivity in Pd-Ag-D and Pd-H Systems. Phys. Stat. Sol. B, 1978. 85: p. K115.

First Author: Postnikov, V. S.
All Authors: Postnikov, V. S., Postnikov, V. V., Fedorov, V. M.
Keywords: superconductivity, PdH, Pd-Ag


138. Siegmann, H.C., L. Schlapbach, and C.R. Brundle, Self-restoring of the active surface in the hydrogen sponge LaNi5. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1978. 40: p. 972.

First Author: Siegmann, H. C.
All Authors: Siegmann, H. C., Schlapbach, L., Brundle, C. R.
Keywords: LaNi5, D, H, surface, loading, Magnetic Susceptibility


139. Wicke, E., H. Brodowsky, and H. Zichner, Hydrogen in Metals II Hydrogen in palladium and palladium alloys, ed. G. Alefeld and J. Vàlkl. 1978, Berlin: Springer-VerlagWicke, E.

First Author: Wicke, E.
All Authors: Wicke, E., Brodowsky, H., Zichner, H.
Keywords: Pd, phase Diagram, H, loading, pressure,


140. Antonov, V.E., et al., Phasometric T-P Diagram of the Rh-H System up to 400 C and Pressure of 67 kbar. Doky. Akad. Sci. SSSR, 1979. 248: p. 131.

First Author: Antonov, V. E.
All Authors: Antonov, V. E., Belash, I. T., Koltighin, V. M., Poniatovskii, E. G.
Keywords: Rh, H, phase Diagram


141. Flanagan, T.B., et al., The Effect of Lattice Defects on Hydrogen Solubility in Palladium, I. Experimentally Observed Solubility Enhancements and Thermodynamics of Absorption. J. Less-Common Met., 1979. 49: p. 13.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Lynch, J. F., Clewley, J. D., Turkovich, B. V.
Keywords: Pd, H, excess Volume, vacancy, phase diagram, solubility PdH


142. Hasegawa, H. and K. Nakajima, Effect of Hydrogen on the Mechanical Properties of Pd. J. Phys. F, 1979. 9(6): p. 1035.

First Author: Hasegawa, H.
All Authors: Hasegawa, H., Nakajima, K.
Keywords: Pd, H, diffusion, strength


143. Kepka, J.B. and E.W. Czaputowicz, Analysis of Some Results on Pd-H and Ni-H Systems Studied in High-Pressure-Hydrogen Conditions. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1979. 19: p. 2414.

First Author: Kepka, J. B.
All Authors: Kepka, J. B., Czaputowicz, E. W.
Keywords: Pd, H, Ni, pressure, Phase Diagram


144. Lewis, F.A., W.D. McFall, and T.C. Witherspoon, Hysteresis of Pressure-Composition and Electrical Resistance-Composition Relationships of Palladium/Hydrogen and Palladium Alloy/Hydrogen Systems. Z. Phys. Chemie, 1979. 114: p. 239.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A., McFall, W. D., Witherspoon, T. C.
Keywords: Pd, H, Lattice Parameter, Phase Diagram, resistance, PdH


145. Liboff, R.L., Fusion via metallic deuterium. Phys. Lett., 1979. 71A: p. 361.

First Author: Liboff, R. L.
All Authors: Liboff, R. L.
Keywords: theory, boson wave overlap


146. Abbenseth, R. and H. Wipf, Thermal Expansion and Lattice Anharmonicity of Pd-H and Pd-D Alloys. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1980. 10: p. 353.

First Author: Abbenseth, R.
All Authors: Abbenseth, R., Wipf, H.
Keywords: Thermal Expansion, Lattice Parameter, PdH, PdD


147. Baranova, R.V., et al., Crystal Structure of Pd Hydride with Primitive Cubic Lattice. Sov. Phys. Crystallogr., 1980. 25: p. 736.

First Author: Baranova, R. V.
All Authors: Baranova, R. V., Khodyrev, Yu. P., Imamov, R. M., Semiletov, S. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, lattice Parameter, structure, PdH


148. Frazier, G.A. and R. Glosser, Charcterization of Thin Films of the Pd-H System. J. Less-Common Met., 1980. 74: p. 89.

First Author: Frazier, G. A.
All Authors: Frazier, G. A., Glosser, R.
Keywords: Pd, layer, resistivity, pressure, phase Diagram


149. Gupta, M. and J.P. Burger, The electronic structure and its relationship to superconductivity in NiH. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1980. 10: p. 2649.

First Author: Gupta, M.
All Authors: Gupta, M., Burger, J. P.
Keywords: NiH, theory, superconductivity


150. Huston, E.L. and G.D. Sandrock, Engineering Properties of Metal Hydrides. J. Less-Common Met., 1980. 74: p. 435.

First Author: Huston, E. L.
All Authors: Huston, E. L., Sandrock, G. D.
Keywords: pressure, Phase Diagram


151. Kervran, C.L., Biological Transmutation. 1980: Beekman Publishers, Inc.

First Author: Kervran, C. L.
All Authors: Kervran, C. L.
Keywords: biological, transmutation, book,


152. Lewis, F.A., Molecular Hydrogen Diffusion Overpotential and Local Cells Hydrogen Transfer Processes at Electrodes of Palladium , Palladium Alloys and Other Transition Metals , And Implications for Theories of Hydrogen Overpotential. Sur. Technol., 1980. 11: p. 1.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, overvoltage, review


153. Mazzolai, F.M., P.G. Bordoni, and F.A. Lewis, Elastic Energy Dissipation Effects in the Palladium-Hydrogen System. J. Less-Common Met., 1980. 74: p. 137.

First Author: Mazzolai, F. M.
All Authors: Mazzolai, F. M., Bordoni, P. G., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, stress, deformation


154. Muller, W. and F. Besenbacher, A Note on the 3He+D Nuclear-Reaction Cross Section. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1980. 168: p. 111.

First Author: Muller, W.
All Authors: Muller, W., Besenbacher, F.
Keywords: D2, fusion, Cross Section, branching ratio


155. Phillips, S.M., Extra-Sensory Preception of Quarks. 1980, India: The Theosophical Publishing House.

First Author: Phillips, S. M.
All Authors: Phillips, S. M.
Keywords: theory,


156. Schlapbach, L., et al., Surface Effects and the Formation of Metal Hydrides. J. Less-Common Met., 1980. 73: p. 145.

First Author: Schlapbach, L.
All Authors: Schlapbach, L., Seiler, A., Stucki, F., Siegmann, H. C.
Keywords: surface, hydrogen, LaNi5, review


157. Semiletov, S.A., et al., Electron-Diffraction Investigation of Tetragonal PdH. Kristallografiya, 1980. 25: p. 665.

First Author: Semiletov, S. A.
All Authors: Semiletov, S. A., Baranov, R. V., Khodryev, Y. P., Imamov, R. M.
Keywords: Pd, hydrogen Electron Diffraction, structure, Gamma Phase, PdH


158. Yurichev, I.A. and E.G. Ponyatovsky, Isomorphic Transitions and Critical Phenomena in F.C.C. Metals Under Hydrogen Pressure. Phys. Stat. Sol. A, 1980. 58: p. 57.

First Author: Yurichev, I. A.
All Authors: Yurichev, I. A., Ponyatovsky, E. G.
Keywords: Pd, nickel hydrogen Phase Diagram, thermodynamic


159. Blaschko, O., P. Fratzl, and R. Klemencic, Model for the Structural Changes at Low Temperatures in PdDx. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1981. 24: p. 277.

First Author: Blaschko, O.
All Authors: Blaschko, O., Fratzl, P., Klemencic, R.
Keywords: PdD, structure, bonding


160. Hanksworth, M.R. and J.P.G. Farr, Cold Neutron Radiography of Hydrogenated Palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1981. 119: p. 49.

First Author: Hanksworth, M. R.
All Authors: Hanksworth, M. R., Farr, J. P. G.
Keywords: autoradiography, Pd, H2, diffusion, structure


161. Herrero, C. and F.D. Manchester, Location of the Low Temperature Resistivity Anomaly in Pd-D. Phys. Lett. A, 1981. 86: p. 29.

First Author: Herrero, C.
All Authors: Herrero, C., Manchester, F. D.
Keywords: PdD, resistivity


162. Hirooka, Y., M. Miyake, and T. Sano, A Study of Hydrogen Absorption and Desorption By Titanium. J. Nucl. Mater., 1981. 96: p. 227.

First Author: Hirooka, Y.
All Authors: Hirooka, Y., Miyake, M., Sano, T.
Keywords: H2, Ti, loading


163. Kirchheim, R., Interaction of Hydrogen with Dislocations in Palladium- I. Activity and Diffusivity and Their Phenomenological Interpretation. Acta. Metall., 1981. 29: p. 835.

First Author: Kirchheim, R.
All Authors: Kirchheim, R.
Keywords: Pd, H, diffusion, overvoltage, energy


164. Kirchheim, R., Interaction of Hydrogen with Dislocations in Palladium-II Interpretation of Activity Results by Fermi-Dirac Distribution. Acta Metall., 1981. 29: p. 845.

First Author: Kirchheim, R.
All Authors: Kirchheim, R.
Keywords: Pd, H, energy, density Of States


165. Lewis, F.A., et al., Electrolytic Hydrogen Isotope Separation Factors Within Low Voltage Hydrogen Transfer Cells. Surf. Technol., 1981. 13: p. 101.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A., Kirkpatrick, J. H., Letch, W. F. N., Magennis, J., Obermann, A.
Keywords: Separation Factor, electrolysis, PdD, PdH, hydrogen, deuterium


166. Maoka, T. and M. Enyo, Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium Electrode Polarized in Sulfuric Acid Solution Containing Surface Active Substances- I. The Cathodic Region. Electrochim. Acta, 1981. 26(5): p. 607.

First Author: Maoka, T.
All Authors: Maoka, T., Enyo, M.
Keywords: Pd, H2, overvoltage, resistance, pressure, electrolysis


167. Miyake, M., et al. Absorption and Desorption Behavior of Hydrogen by Neutron Irradiated Titanium. in 2nd Topical Meeting on Fusion Reactor Materials. 1981. Seattle.

First Author: Miyake, M.
All Authors: Miyake, M., Hirooka, Y., Shinmura, H., Yamanaka, S., Sano, T., Higashiguchi, Y.
Keywords: H2, titanium, loading


168. Veziroglu, T.N. Mossbauer Study of the Local Hydrogen Distribution Near Substitutional Impurities in b-PdHx. in The Miami International Symposium on Metal-Hydrogen Energy Systems. 1981. Miami: Pergamon Press.

First Author: Veziroglu, T. N.
All Authors: Veziroglu, T. N.
Keywords: Pd, H2, PdH, impurity, Mossbauer


169. Bazhutov, Y., B.A. Khrenov, and G.B. Khristiansen, About one opportunity of second shower spectrum interpretation observed at small depth underground. Isv. Akad. Nauk USSR, ser. phys., 1982. 46(9): p. 2425.

First Author: Bazhutov, Y.
All Authors: Bazhutov, Y., Khrenov, B. A., Khristiansen, G. B.
Keywords: theory new particle erzion


170. Bond, R.A. and D.K. Ross, The Use of Monte Carlo Simulations in the Study of a Real Lattice Gas and its Application to the a' Pd-D System. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1982. 12: p. 597.

First Author: Bond, R. A.
All Authors: Bond, R. A., Ross, D. K.
Keywords: PdD, Lattice Parameter, Phase Diagram


171. Flanagan, T.B., et al., Isobaric and Isothermal Hysteresis in Metal Hydrides and Oxides. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1982. 82: p. 2589.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Clewley, J. D., Kuji, T., Park, C. N., Everett, D. H.
Keywords: phase Diagram, theory, PdH


172. Flitt, H.J. and J. Bockris, Concerning Adsorbed and Absorbed Hydrogen on and in Ferrous Metals. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1982. 7: p. 411.

First Author: Flitt, H. J.
All Authors: Flitt, H. J., Bockris, J.
Keywords: Fe, H, overvoltage


173. Griessen, R. and D.G. deGroot, Effect of anharmonicity and Debye-Waller Factor on the Superconductivity of PdHx and PdDx. Helv. Phys. Acta, 1982. 55: p. 699.

First Author: Griessen, R.
All Authors: Griessen, R., deGroot, D. G.
Keywords: PdD, PdH, superconductivity


174. Lewis, F.A., The Palladium-Hydrogen System. Platinum Met. Rev., 1982. 26: p. 121.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, Phase Diagram, pressure, Diffusion


175. McKee, S.G., J.P. Magennis, and F.A. Lewis, Hydrogen Isotope Distribution Equilibria in the Pd/H2-H2O System. Surf. Technol., 1982. 16: p. 175.

First Author: McKee, S. G.
All Authors: McKee, S. G., Magennis, J. P., Lewis, F. A.
Keywords: PdD, PdH, Separation Factor, resistivity


176. Schlapbach, L. and J.P. Burger, A New XPS/UPS Study of the Electronic Structure of PdH0.6. J. Phys., Lett., 1982. 43: p. L-273.

First Author: Schlapbach, L.
All Authors: Schlapbach, L., Burger, J. P.
Keywords: PdH, H2, structure, Density Of States


177. Wagman, D.D., et al., The NBS Tables of Chemical Properties, Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units. J. Phys. and Chem. Ref. Data, 1982. 11(#2): p. 238.

First Author: Wagman, D. D.
All Authors: Wagman, D. D., Evans, W. H., Parker, V. B., Schumm, R. H., Halow, I., Bailey, S. M., Churney, K. L., Nuttall, R. L.
Keywords: H, H2O, D, D2O, thermodynamic


178. Darby, M.I. and M.N. Read, Site Preference of Dilute Hydrogen in Palladium. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 90: p. L41.

First Author: Darby, M. I.
All Authors: Darby, M. I., Read, M. N.
Keywords: Pd, H2, absorption


179. Feenstra, R., et al., Critical Point Lowering in Thin Pd-H Films. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1983. 13: p. L13.

First Author: Feenstra, R.
All Authors: Feenstra, R., de Bruin-Hordjik, G. J., Bakker, H. L. M., Griessen, R., De Groot, D. G.
Keywords: Pd, H, phase Diagram thin layer


180. Flanagan, T.B. and W.A. Oates, The Effect of Hysteresison the Phase Diagram of Pd-H. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 92: p. 131.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Oates, W. A.
Keywords: PdH, hydrogen, phase Diagram


181. Gryaznov, V.M., et al., Palladium Alloys as Hydrogen Permeable Catalysts in Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation Reactions. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 89: p. 529.

First Author: Gryaznov, V. M.
All Authors: Gryaznov, V. M., Ermilova, M. M., Morozova, L. S., Orekhova, N. V., Polyakova, V. P., Roshan, N. R., Savitsky, E. M., Parfenova, N. I.
Keywords: Pd-Re, H, Pd-Ni


182. Lasser, R. and K.H. Klatt, Solubility of Hydrogen Isotopes in Palladium. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1983. 28: p. 748.

First Author: Lasser, R.
All Authors: Lasser, R., Klatt, K. H.
Keywords: PdT, PdH, PdD, pressure, phase Diagram, thermodynamic


183. McKee, S.G., et al., The Establishment of Equilibria in the Pd-H2-D2-H2O-D2O System. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 89: p. 475.

First Author: McKee, S. G.
All Authors: McKee, S. G., Lewis, F. A., Magennis, J. P., Kelly, T. J.
Keywords: H2O, D2O, Pd, separation Factor


184. Mitsuishi, N., T. Yuki, and I. Ichihara, Characteristics of the Permeation of Hydrogen-Inlet Gas Mixtures Through a Palladium Alloy Tube Wall. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 89: p. 415.

First Author: Mitsuishi, N.
All Authors: Mitsuishi, N., Yuki, T., Ichihara, I.
Keywords: PdH, diffusion, Pd-Ag


185. Uchida, H. and E. Fromm, Effect of Palladium and Oxygen Layers on the Hydrogen Absorption Rate of Tantalum Films at 300 K. J. Less-Common Met., 1983. 95: p. 153.

First Author: Uchida, H.
All Authors: Uchida, H., Fromm, E.
Keywords: Ta, H2, loading


186. Antonov, V.E., et al., The Solubility of Hydrogen in the Platinum Metals under High Pressure. Platinum Met. Rev., 1984. 28: p. 158.

First Author: Antonov, V. E.
All Authors: Antonov, V. E., Belash, I. T., Malyshev, V. Yu., Ponyatovsky, E. G.
Keywords: Mn, Fe, Co, Mo, Tc, Re, Au, Ru, Os, Ir, Pt, Pd, H, solubility, phase Diagram, structure, resistance, pressure


187. Balin, D.V., et al., Experimental Investigation of the Muon Catalyzed d-d Fusion. Phys. Lett. B, 1984. 141(3/4): p. 173.

First Author: Balin, D. V.
All Authors: Balin, D. V., Maev, E. M., Medvedev, V. I., Semenchuk, G. G., Smirenin, Yu. V., Vorobyov, A. A., Zalite, Y. K.
Keywords: muon


188. Baranowski, B., S.M. Filipek, and W. Raczynski, Investigation of Some Metal-Hydrogen Systems in the High Pressure Region. J. Less-Common Met., 1984. 101: p. 115.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M., Raczynski, W.
Keywords: Pd, D2, diffusion, pressure, Al, H2, thermodynamic, loading


189. Baranowski, B. and S. Majorowski, Activation Volume for Hydrogen Diffusion in Palladium Hydride. J. Less-Common Met., 1984. 98: p. L27.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Majorowski, S.
Keywords: PdH, diffusion,


190. Hemmes, H., B.M. Geerken, and R. Griessen, Contribution of optical phonons to the thermal expansion of PdHx and a'-PdDx. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1984. 14: p. 2923.

First Author: Hemmes, H.
All Authors: Hemmes, H., Geerken, B. M., Griessen, R.
Keywords: thermal expansion, PdD, PdH


191. Hemminger, W. and G. Hohne, Calorimetry Fundamentals and Practice. 1984: Verlag Chemie.

First Author: Hemminger, W.
All Authors: Hemminger, W., Hohne, G.
Keywords:


192. Magnouche, A. and R. Fromageau, Hydrogen Dissolution in Palladium: A Resistometric Study Under Pressure. J. Appl. Phys., 1984. 56: p. 1617.

First Author: Magnouche, A.
All Authors: Magnouche, A., Fromageau, R.
Keywords: Pd, H, solubility, Phase Diagram, resistivity


193. Riesterer, T., On the Hydrogen Site Occupation in Hydrides of Intermetallics. J. Less-Common Met., 1984. 103: p. 219.

First Author: Riesterer, T.
All Authors: Riesterer, T.
Keywords: Zr-V, enthalpy, thermodynamic, H2


194. Schlapbach, L. and T. Riesterer, The Composition of the Surface Properties of FeTi and Fe2Ti4Ox in View of the Different Hydrogen Sorption Behaviours. J. Less-Common Met., 1984. 101: p. 453.

First Author: Schlapbach, L.
All Authors: Schlapbach, L., Riesterer, T.
Keywords: surface, hydrogen, Fe-Ti, Fe-Ti-O


195. Schober, T., et al., The Observation of Cylindrical Cavities at Dislocations in Dilute Tritium-Charged Vanadium. Scr. Metall., 1984. 18: p. 255.

First Author: Schober, T.
All Authors: Schober, T., Thomas, G. J., Lasser, R., J‰ger, W.
Keywords: tritium, helium Vanadium


196. Schober, T., et al., The Observation of Cylindrical Cavities at Dislocations in Dilute Tritium-Charged Vanadium. Scr. Metall., 1984. 18: p. 255.

First Author: Schober, T.
All Authors: Schober, T., Thomas, G. J., Lasser, R., Jâger, W.
Keywords: tritium, helium Vanadium


197. Verbruggen, A.H., C.W. Hagen, and R. Griessen, Gorsky Effect in Concentrated a-PdHx. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1984. 14: p. 1431.

First Author: Verbruggen, A. H.
All Authors: Verbruggen, A. H., Hagen, C. W., Griessen, R.
Keywords: PdH, diffusion, Pd, hydrogen


198. Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, The Decrease of Lattice Parameter of Thin Films Caused by Cathodic Charging of Hydrogen. Scr. Metall., 1985. 19: p. 525.

First Author: Armacanqui, M. E.
All Authors: Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A.
Keywords: lattice Parameter, H2, Ti

The phenomena that take place when some b.c.c, metals are cathodically charged with hydrogen are being studied by x-ray diffraction, and some preliminary results and a plausible explanation have been reported (i). Briefly, the lattice parmeter calculated from Bragg peaks obtained from diffraction by metal near the surface of the sheet opposite the charging surface increases at a rate that is extremely low in view of the known diffusivity of hydrogen in the metal. In addition, different Bragg reflections lead to different values of lattice parameters and to different time dependencies; also, grain rotation occurs. The suggested mechanism for these phenomena involves large amounts of plastic deformation caused by stress generation caused by hydrogen concentration gradients. We report here an additional phenomenon that occurs in thin metal films sputtered upon a much thicker metal substrata when the latter is cathodically charged with hydrogen. A provisional explanation is offered.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Armacanquithedecreas.pdf


199. Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, Anomalies Accompanying the Cathodic Charging of Some bcc Metals. Corrosion, 1985. 41: p. 287.

First Author: Armacanqui, M. E.
All Authors: Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A.
Keywords: H2, lattice Parameter, loading, Ti


200. Berkheimer, G.D. and R.E. Buxbaum., Hydrogen Pumping with Palladium Membranes. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1985. 3: p. 413.

First Author: Berkheimer, G. D.
All Authors: Berkheimer, G. D., Buxbaum., R. E.
Keywords: diffusion, PdH, Pd-Ag, H2, Ag


201. Bowker, J. and G.R. Piercy, The use of palladium to obtain reproducible boundary conditions for permeability measurements using galvanostatic charging. Metal. Trans. A, 1985. 16: p. 715.

First Author: Bowker, J.
All Authors: Bowker, J., Piercy, G. R.
Keywords: loading, thin films, electroplating, diffusion, Pd


202. Cecil, F.E., D.M. Cole, and F.J. Wilkinson, Measurement and Application of DDg, DTg and D3Heg Reactions at Low Energy. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 1985. 10/11: p. 411.

First Author: Cecil, F. E.
All Authors: Cecil, F. E., Cole, D. M., Wilkinson, F. J.
Keywords: fusion, gamma emission, deuterium, Branching Ratio D-D


203. Cecil, F.E., et al., Measurement and Application of DD-gamma, DT-gamma and D He -gamma Reactions at Low Energy. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1985. 10-11: p. 411.

First Author: Cecil, F. E.
All Authors: Cecil, F. E., Cole, D. M., Wilkinson, F. J., Medley, S. S.
Keywords: gamma emission branching Ratio


204. Dannetun, H.M., et al., The H2-O2 Reaction on Palladium Studied Over a Large Pressure Range: Independence of the Microscopic Sticking Coefficients on Surface Condition. Sur. Sci., 1985. 152-153: p. 559.

First Author: Dannetun, H. M.
All Authors: Dannetun, H. M., Saderberg, D., Lundstram, I., Petersson, L. G.
Keywords: H, O, Pd, sticking Coefficient


205. Jarmie, N. and N.E. Brown, Low Energy Nuclear Reactions with Hydrogen Isotopes. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1985. B10/11: p. 405.

First Author: Jarmie, N.
All Authors: Jarmie, N., Brown, N. E.
Keywords: branching ratio


206. Kuji, T. and T.B. Flanagan, Temperature Dependence of the Chemical Potential of Hydrogen in the Two-phase Coexistence Region of the Palladium-Hydrogen System. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1985. 81(1): p. 2921.

First Author: Kuji, T.
All Authors: Kuji, T., Flanagan, T. B.
Keywords: Pd, H, overvoltage, thermodynamic, solubility


207. Kuji, T., et al., Hydrogen Chemical Potentials and Dislocation Structures Following Quenching of Palladium-Hydrogen Alloys into the Two-Phase Envelope. Scr. Metall., 1985. 19: p. 1369.

First Author: Kuji, T.
All Authors: Kuji, T., Flanagan, T. B., Sakamoto, Y., Hasaka, M.
Keywords: H2, Pd, PdH, solubility, composition, phase diagram


208. Lasser, R., Isotope Dependence of Phase Boundaries in the PdH, PdD, and PdT Systems. J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1985. 46: p. 33.

First Author: Lasser, R.
All Authors: Lasser, R.
Keywords: PdD, PdH, PdT, phase Boundary, Phase Diagram


209. Lee, M. and R. Glosser, Pressure Concentration Isotherms of Thin Films of the Pd-H System as Modified by Film Thickness , Hydrogen Cycling , and Stress. J. Appl. Phys., 1985. 57: p. 5236.

First Author: Lee, M.
All Authors: Lee, M., Glosser, R.
Keywords: PdH, H2, thin layer, Phase Diagram, solubility, pressure


210. Osterwalder, J. and L. Schlapbach, Unoccupied Electronic States in Cerium Hydrides. Physica B, 1985. 130: p. 524.

First Author: Osterwalder, J.
All Authors: Osterwalder, J., Schlapbach, L.
Keywords: CeH, bonding, density Of States


211. Riesterer, T., J. Osterwalder, and L. Schlapbach, Inverse Photoemission from PdH0.65. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1985. 32: p. 8405.

First Author: Riesterer, T.
All Authors: Riesterer, T., Osterwalder, J., Schlapbach, L.
Keywords: PdH, density Of States, photoemission


212. Stachurski, J. and A. Frackiewicz, A New Phase in the Pd-C System Formed During the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Acetylene. J. Less-Common Met., 1985. 108: p. 249.

First Author: Stachurski, J.
All Authors: Stachurski, J., Frackiewicz, A.
Keywords: PdC, Lattice Parameter, Pd, H2, structure


213. Wagner, J.E., A Calorimetric Study of the Palladium Hydride and Deuteride Systems ( A Preliminary Report). 1985.

First Author: Wagner, J. E.
All Authors: Wagner, J. E.
Keywords: Pd, Hydrogen, Deuterium, thermodynamic, Partial Enthalpy


214. Chou, I., Permeability of Precious Metals to Hydrogen at 2 KB Total Pressure and Elevated Temperatures. Am. J. Sci., 1986. 286: p. 638.

First Author: Chou, I
All Authors: Chou, I
Keywords: Pd-Ag, Pt, Ag, Au, H, diffusion


215. Deryagin, B.V., et al., Possibility of nuclear reactions during the fracture of solids. Colloid J. USSR, 1986. 48: p. 8.

First Author: Deryagin, B. V.
All Authors: Deryagin, B. V., Klyuev, V. A., Lipson, A. G., Toporov, Yu. P.
Keywords: fractofusion, D2O., H2O, ice, neutron


216. Feenstra, R., et al., Gravimetrical Determination of Pressure-Composition Isotherms of Thin Pd-H Films. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1986. 16: p. 1953.

First Author: Feenstra, R.
All Authors: Feenstra, R., de Groot, D. G., Rector, J. H., Salomons, E. M., Griessen, R.
Keywords: Pd, hydrogen, phase Diagram, thin layer, enthalpy


217. Feenstra, R., R. Griessen, and D.G. de Groot, Hydrogen Induced Lattice Expansion and Effective H-H Interaction in Single Phase PdHc. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1986. 16: p. 1933.

First Author: Feenstra, R.
All Authors: Feenstra, R., Griessen, R., de Groot, D. G.
Keywords: PdH, Lattice Parameter, excess Volume


218. Flanagan, T.B., et al., Hydrogen Solubility in Ordered and Disordered Palladium alloys. NATO ASI Ser., Ser. B, 1986: p. 341.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Biehl, G. E., Clewley, J. D., Kuji, T., Sakamoto, Y.
Keywords: solubility, hydrogen, PdCe, resistance, thermodynamic


219. Fullenwider, M., A Method for the Determination of Energy Gaps in Hydrogen-Metal Systems. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1986. 285: p. 285.

First Author: Fullenwider, M.
All Authors: Fullenwider, M.
Keywords: H2, Pd, Band Gap, PdH, density of states


220. Gygax, F.N. and A. Schenck, Local Hydrogen Arrangement Around the µ+ in a PdH0.74 Single Crystal. Hyperfine Interactions, 1986. 31: p. 75.

First Author: Gygax, F. N
All Authors: Gygax, F. N, Schenck, A.
Keywords: PdH, muon, structure


221. Jones, S.E., Muon-Catalysed Fusion Revisited. Nature (London), 1986. 321: p. 327.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E.
Keywords: muon, theory


222. Kay, B.D., C.H. Peden, and D.W. Goodman, Kinetics of Hydrogen Absorption by Pd(110). Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1986. 34: p. 817.

First Author: Kay, B. D.
All Authors: Kay, B. D., Peden, C. H., Goodman, D. W.
Keywords: Pd, H2, absorption


223. Kishimoto, S., M. Inoue, and N. Yoshida, Solution of Hydrogen in Thin Palladium Films. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1986. 82: p. 2175.

First Author: Kishimoto, S.
All Authors: Kishimoto, S., Inoue, M., Yoshida, N.
Keywords: H2, Pd, thin layer, pressure, thermodynamic


224. Klyuev, V.A., et al., High-energy Processes Accompanying the Fracture of Solids. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1986. 12: p. 551.

First Author: Klyuev, V. A.
All Authors: Klyuev, V. A., Lipson, A. G., Toporov, Yu. P., Deryagin, B. V., Lushohikov, V. I., Streikov, A. V., Shabalin, E. P.
Keywords: fractofusion, D, neutron


225. Lee, M. and R. Glosser, Resistivity of Thin Films of the Palladium-Hydrogen System as a Function of Film Thickness. Zeitschrift fur Physik. Chemie, 1986. 147: p. 27.

First Author: Lee, M.
All Authors: Lee, M., Glosser, R.
Keywords: Pd, H, resistivity, layer PdH


226. Leisure, R.G., L.A. Nygren, and D.K. Hsu, Ultrasonic relaxation rates in palladium hydride and palladium deuteride. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1986. 33: p. 8325.

First Author: Leisure, R. G.
All Authors: Leisure, R. G., Nygren, L. A., Hsu, D. K.
Keywords: diffusion, PdD, PdH, ultrasonic, accustic


227. Mazzetti, P. Basic Concepts on the Theory of the Magnetic Properties of Solids. in Magnetic Properties of Matter. 1986. Villa Gualino, Turin: World Scientific.

First Author: Mazzetti, P.
All Authors: Mazzetti, P.
Keywords: susceptibility theory


228. Santandrea, R.P. and R.G. Behrens, A review of the thermodynamics and phase relationships in the palladium- hydrogen, palladium-deuterium and palladium-tritium systems. High Temperature Materials and Processes, 1986. 7: p. 149.

First Author: Santandrea, R. P.
All Authors: Santandrea, R. P., Behrens, R. G.
Keywords: review, Phase Diagram, thermodynamic, Pd, H, D, T, diffusion, structure


229. Schlapbach, L., et al., Low Temperature Electronic Properties of Cerium Hydrides. J. Less-Common Met., 1986(130): p. 239.

First Author: Schlapbach, L.
All Authors: Schlapbach, L., Ott, H. R., Felder, E., Rudigier, H., Thiry, P., Bonnet, J. E., Petroff, Y., Burger, J. P.
Keywords: bonding, density Of States, CeH


230. Van Siclen, C.D. and S.E. Jones, Piezonuclear fusion in isotopic hydrogen molecules. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1986. 12: p. 213.

First Author: Van Siclen, C. D.
All Authors: Van Siclen, C. D., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: theory


231. Abell, G.C. and A. Attalla, NMR Evidence for Solid-Fluid Transition Near 250 K of 3He Bubbles in Palladium Tritide. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1987. 59(9): p. 995.

First Author: Abell, G. C.
All Authors: Abell, G. C., Attalla, A.
Keywords: Pd tritium, Helium, PdT


232. Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, Plastic Deformation in B.C.C. Alloys Induced by Hydrogen Concentration Gradients. Mater. Sci. and Eng., 1987. 91: p. 143.

First Author: Armacanqui, M. E.
All Authors: Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A.
Keywords: H, dislocation, Ti-Mo, crack, lattice parameter, Ti

Electrolytic charging of hydrogen in to one side of polycrystalline b.c.c. Ti-30Mo plates (where the composition is given in approximate weight per cent) is found to generate dislocations at which the hydrogen atoms are trapped during their diffusion across the metal thickness. The defect generation is a result of stresses arising from the hydrogen concentration gradient at the entry surface. The generation of dislocations occurs on initiating the charging and persists thereafter with emission of dislocations towards the far side of the plate. As a consequence, slip lines and subgrains are formed at the entry and far sides. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Armacanquiplasticdef.pdf


233. Armacanqui, M.E. and R.A. Oriani, Lattice Expansion and Contraction in Sputtered Metal Films due to Hydrogen Charging. Mater. Sci. and Eng., 1987. 92: p. 127.

First Author: Armacanqui, M. E.
All Authors: Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A.
Keywords: lattice Parameter, H2, Ti

Hydrogen charging of Ti-3OMo plates (where the composition is in approximate weight per cent) sputtered with thin films of iron, tantalum or titanium results in an increase or decrease in the film lattice parameter, depending on the circumstances. Films thinner than 200 nm show continuous decreases in lattice parameter during charging, whereas relatively thick films show positive changes in the lattice parameter. The decrease in the lattice parameter of the film metal is a consequence of fine-scale plastic deformation caused by the hydrogen charging. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Armacanquilatticeexp.pdf


234. Assenbaum, H.J., K. Langanke, and C. Rolfs, Effects of Electron Screening on Low-Energy Fusion Cross Sections. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1987. 327: p. 461.

First Author: Assenbaum, H. J.
All Authors: Assenbaum, H. J., Langanke, K., Rolfs, C.
Keywords: theory screening, cross section


235. Balbaa, I.S., et al., The Effect of Lattice Distortions on the X-Ray Measurement of Lattice Parameters for PdHx: I. Empirical Relationships. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1987. 17: p. 2041.

First Author: Balbaa, I. S.
All Authors: Balbaa, I. S., Hardy, P. A., San-Martin, A., Coulter, P. G., Manchester, F. D.
Keywords: Lattice Parameter, PdH, stress


236. Bochler, S., et al., 3d Photoemission from Mixed Valent YbH2.6. J. de Physique, Colloque C9, Supp., 1987. 48(12): p. 947.

First Author: Bochler, S.
All Authors: Bochler, S., Schlapbach, L., Monnier, R., Degiorgi, L.
Keywords: photoemission, YbH


237. Chou, P. and M.A. Vannice, Calorimetric Heat of Adsorption Measurements on Palladium. I. Influence of Crystallite Size and Support on Hydrogen Adsorption. J. Catal., 1987. 104: p. 1.

First Author: Chou, P.
All Authors: Chou, P., Vannice, M. A.
Keywords: Pd, H2, thermodynamic, Pd-black, absorption


238. Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, The behavior of microdisk and microring electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1987. 222: p. 107.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S.
Keywords: theory, electrolysis


239. Gdowski, G.E., T.E. Felter, and R.H. Stulen, Effect of Surface Temperature on the Sorption of Hydrogen by Pd(111). Surf. Sci. Lett., 1987. 181: p. L147.

First Author: Gdowski, G. E.
All Authors: Gdowski, G. E., Felter, T. E., Stulen, R. H.
Keywords: Pd, H, adsorption


240. Jaworski, W., Computation of the Electron Density of States in Non-Stoichiometric PdHx by the Recursion Method. J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 1987. 17: p. 373.

First Author: Jaworski, W
All Authors: Jaworski, W
Keywords: PdH, Density Of States


241. Krauss, A., et al., Low-Energy Fusion Cross Sections of D + D and D + 3He Reactions. Nucl. Phys. A, 1987. 465: p. 150.

First Author: Krauss, A.
All Authors: Krauss, A., Becker, H. W., Trautvetter, H. P., Rolfs, C.
Keywords: fusion, cross Section, D2, energy


242. Lasser, R. and G.L. Powell, Tritium in Pd and Pd0.08Ag0.20. 1987, NY: Plenum Press.

First Author: Lasser, R.
All Authors: Lasser, R., Powell, G. L.
Keywords: Pd, Ag, H2, D2, tritium, solubility, Phase Diagram, thermodynamic, Pd-Ag


243. Ludecki, C.M., G. Deublein, and R.A. Huggins, Thermodynamic Characterization of Metal Hydrogen Systems by Assessment of Phase Diagrams and Electrochemical Measurements. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1987. 12: p. 81.

First Author: Ludecki, C. M.
All Authors: Ludecki, C. M., Deublein, G., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: H, review, phase diagram, thermodynamic


244. Matschele, T. and R. Kirchheim, Hydrogen as a Probe for the Average Thickness of a Grain Boundary. Scr. Metall., 1987. 21: p. 1101.

First Author: Matschele, T.
All Authors: Matschele, T., Kirchheim, R.
Keywords: PdH, loading, grain Boundary, Phase Diagram


245. Rafelski, J. and S.E. Jones, Cold Nuclear Fusion. Scientific American, 1987. July: p. 84.

First Author: Rafelski, J.
All Authors: Rafelski, J., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: muon


246. Salomons, E.M., et al., Pressure-Composition Isotherms of Thin Pd-H Films. J. Less-Common Met., 1987. 130: p. 415.

First Author: Salomons, E. M.
All Authors: Salomons, E. M., Feenstra, R., de Groot, D. G., Rector, J. H., Griessen, R.
Keywords: Pd, H, Phase Diagram, layer


247. Schlapbach, L., et al., Surface Semiconductor-Metal Transition in Rare Earth Hydrides at Low Temperatures. Surf. Sci., 1987. 189-190: p. 747.

First Author: Schlapbach, L.
All Authors: Schlapbach, L., Burger, J. P., Bonnet, J. E., Thiry, P., Petroff, Y.
Keywords: photoelectron, bonding, CeH, LaH, GdH, TbH


248. Cho, Y. and R.G. Leisure, Novel ultrasonic attenuation peak in a'-PdDx. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1988. 38: p. 5748.

First Author: Cho, Y.
All Authors: Cho, Y., Leisure, R. G.
Keywords: phonon, PdD, structure


249. Kirchheim, R., T. Matschele, and W. Kieninger, Hydrogen in amorphous and nanocrystalline metals. Materials. Sci. and Eng., 1988. 99: p. 457.

First Author: Kirchheim, R.
All Authors: Kirchheim, R., Matschele, T., Kieninger, W.
Keywords: palladium black, phase diagram, PdH particle


250. Lewis, F.A., K. Kandasamy, and B. Baranowski, The "Uphill" Diffusion of Hydrogen: Strain-Gradient-Induced Effects in Palladium Alloy Membranes. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1988. 13: p. 439.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A., Kandasamy, K., Baranowski, B.
Keywords: diffusion, H2, Pd, PdH, strain


251. Lisowski, W., et al., Atomic H Desorption from Thin Palladium Hydride Films. Appl. Surf. Science, 1988. 31: p. 157.

First Author: Lisowski, W.
All Authors: Lisowski, W., Nowicka, E., Wolfram, Z., Dus, R.
Keywords: PdH, mass Spectrometer, desorption, loading


252. Nygren, L.A. and R.G. Leisure, Elastic Constants of a'-Phase PdHx Over the Temperature Range 4-300K. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1988. 37: p. 6482.

First Author: Nygren, L. A.
All Authors: Nygren, L. A., Leisure, R. G.
Keywords: strength, elastic Constant, PDH


253. Stulen, R.H., Summary Abstract: Observation of Molecular H2 and D2 on Pd and Ag Using Thermal Desorption Between 5 and 20 K. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1988. 6: p. 776.

First Author: Stulen, R. H.
All Authors: Stulen, R. H.
Keywords: Pd, Ag, H2, D2, absorption


254. Wyrzykowski, K. and B. Baranowski, Pressure-Concentration Isotherms of Pd-H Thin Films up to 0.2 GPa of Gaseous Hydrogen. J. Less-Common Met., 1988. 141: p. 73.

First Author: Wyrzykowski, K.
All Authors: Wyrzykowski, K., Baranowski, B.
Keywords: Pd, H, Phase Diagram, pressure


255. Aben, P.C. and W.G. Burgers, Surface Structure and Electrochemical Potential of Palladium while Absorbing Hydrogen in Aqueous Solution. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1989. 56: p. 1989.

First Author: Aben, P. C.
All Authors: Aben, P. C., Burgers, W. G.
Keywords: Pd, hydrogen, lattice Parameter, overvoltage, phase Diagram, PdH


256. Abriola, D., et al., Examination of nuclear measurement conditions in cold fusion experiments. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 265: p. 355.

First Author: Abriola, D.
All Authors: Abriola, D., Achterberg, E., Davidson, M., Debray, M., Etchegoyen, M. C., Fazzini, N., Niello, J. F., Ferrero, A. M. J., Filevich, A., Galia, M.C., Garavaglia, R., B., Garcia, Gettar, R. T., Gil, S., Grahmann, H., Huck, H., Jech, A., Kreiner, A. J., Macchiavelli, A. O., Magallanes, J. F., Maqueda, E., Marti, G., Pacheco, A. J., Percz, M. L., Pomar, C., Ramirez, M., Scassera, M.
Keywords: gamma emission, neutron, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, PdCl2


257. Alber, D., et al., Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1989. 333: p. 319.

First Author: Alber, D.
All Authors: Alber, D., Boebel, O., Schwarz, C., Duwe, H., Hilscher, D., Homeyer, H., Jahnke, U., Spellmeyer, B.
Keywords: neutron, Jones


258. Alexander, K.F., Cold nuclear fusion. Wissensch. Fortschr., 1989. 39: p. 9 (in German).

First Author: Alexander, K. F.
All Authors: Alexander, K. F.
Keywords: Review


259. Amato, I., Cold Fusion Keeps Its Head Just Above Water. Science News, 1989. 13: p. 278.

First Author: Amato, I.
All Authors: Amato, I.
Keywords: history


260. Anderson, G.C., Clandestine NSF Panel Warms to Cold Fusion. The Scientist, 1989.

First Author: Anderson, G. C.
All Authors: Anderson, G. C.
Keywords: history


261. Andreani, R., La fusione 'fredda'" ("'Cold' fusion"). Energ. Nucl. (Rome), 1989. 6: p. 8 (in Italian).

First Author: Andreani, R.
All Authors: Andreani, R.
Keywords: history


262. Apak, R., Conformism in chemistry and the results. Kim. Sanayi, 1989. 31: p. 157-8 (in Turkish, Engl. abstr.).

First Author: Apak, R.
All Authors: Apak, R.
Keywords: history


263. Apostol, M. and I.A. Dorobantu, On a competition between solid state and nuclear scale energies. A possible theoretical approach to cold fusion in palladium and other transitional elements. Rev. Roum. Phys., 1989. 34: p. 233.

First Author: Apostol, M.
All Authors: Apostol, M., Dorobantu, I. A.
Keywords: Theory


264. Appleby, A.J., et al. Evidence for Excess Heat Generation Rates During Electrolysis of D2O in LiOD Using a Palladium Cathode-A Microcalorimetric Study. in Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Santa Fe, NM.

First Author: Appleby, A. J.
All Authors: Appleby, A. J., Srinivasan, S., Kim, Y. J., Murphy, O. J., Martin, C. R.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis


265. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of intense 'cold fusion' reaction. Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, 1989. 62: p. 398 (In Japanese).

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: on-off effect, electrolysis, Pd, neutron, heat


266. Arista, N.R., A. Gras-Marti, and R.A. Baragiola, Screening effects in nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes in dense media. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1989. 40: p. 6873.

First Author: Arista, N. R.
All Authors: Arista, N. R., Gras-Marti, A., Baragiola, R. A.
Keywords: Theory screening


267. Armstrong, R.D., Editorial:The Cold Fusion Debate. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 1287.

First Author: Armstrong, R. D.
All Authors: Armstrong, R. D.
Keywords: history, critique


268. Armstrong, R.D., et al., Some aspects of thermal energy generation during the electrolysis of D2O using a palladium cathode. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 1319.

First Author: Armstrong, R. D.
All Authors: Armstrong, R. D., Charles, E. A., Fells, I., Molyneux, L., Todd, M.
Keywords: heat, electrolysis, Pd D2O method


269. Armstrong, R.D., et al., A long-term calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O using palladium cube cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 272: p. 293.

First Author: Armstrong, R. D.
All Authors: Armstrong, R. D., Charles, E. A., Fells, I., Molyneux, L., Todd, M.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd, heat-, review, D2O


270. Augustynski, J., Commentaire: Pourquoi les experiences de 'fusion froide' de deuterium sont-elles si difficiles a reproduire. Chimia, 1989. 43: p. 99 (in French).

First Author: Augustynski, J.
All Authors: Augustynski, J.
Keywords: Li, surface analysis, layer, theory, OCV


271. Augustynski, J., M. Ulmann, and J. Liu, Electrochemical measurements on palladium cathodes in LiOD/D2O solutions related to the 'cold fusion experiments'. Chimia, 1989. 43: p. 355.

First Author: Augustynski, J.
All Authors: Augustynski, J., Ulmann, M., Liu, J.
Keywords: surface deposition, electrolysis, surface analysis, layer


272. Badurek, G., H. Rauch, and E. Seidl, Search for cold fusion in palladium-deuterium and titanium-deuterium. Kerntechnik, 1989. 54: p. 178.

First Author: Badurek, G.
All Authors: Badurek, G., Rauch, H., Seidl, E.
Keywords: neutron, gamma emission, titanium, D2


273. Bailan, R., J.P. Blaizot, and P. Bonche, Cold Fusion in a Dense Electron Gas. J. Phys. France, 1989. 50: p. 2307.

First Author: Bailan, R.
All Authors: Bailan, R., Blaizot, J. P., Bonche, P.
Keywords: theory, screening


274. Bailey, D.C., Gammas from Cold Nuclear Fusion. 1989.

First Author: Bailey, D. C.
All Authors: Bailey, D. C.
Keywords: neutron, gamma, theory


275. Balabanov, N.P., Hypothesis to explain electrochemically induced nuclear fusion. Nauchni Tr., Plovdivski Univ., 1989. 26(4): p. 247 (in Bulgarian).

First Author: Balabanov, N. P.
All Authors: Balabanov, N. P.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


276. Balej, J. and J. Divisek, Energy balance of D2O electrolysis with a palladium cathode, Part I. Theoretical relations. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 278: p. 85.

First Author: Balej, J.
All Authors: Balej, J., Divisek, J.
Keywords: heat, method, thermodynamnic, PdD, electrolysis


277. Balescu, R., Some like it cool. Phys. Mag, 1989. 11: p. 3 (French).

First Author: Balescu, R.
All Authors: Balescu, R.
Keywords: Review


278. Balian, R., J.P. Blaizot, and P. Bonche, Cold fusion in a dense electron gas. J. Phys. France, 1989. 50: p. 2307.

First Author: Balian, R.
All Authors: Balian, R., Blaizot, J. P., Bonche, P.
Keywords: theory, screening, Born-Oppenheimer


279. Banas, J., et al., Geophysical aspects of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter. Nucl. Geophys., 1989. 3: p. 321.

First Author: Banas, J.
All Authors: Banas, J., Ciechanowski, M., Dulinski, M., Kreft, A., Molenda, J., Morstin, K., Stoklosa, A., Wozniak, J.
Keywords: neutron, gamma emission, cosmic ray, electrolysis, D2O


280. Batalla, E., E.G. Zwartz, and B.A. Judd, In-situ X-ray diffraction of palladium cathodes in electrolytic cells. Solid State Commun., 1989. 71: p. 805.

First Author: Batalla, E.
All Authors: Batalla, E., Zwartz, E. G., Judd, B. A.
Keywords: tetrahedral structure, gamma phase lattice parameter


281. Baurichter, A., et al., Search for cold fusion in palladium. Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, 1989. 76: p. 1.

First Author: Baurichter, A.
All Authors: Baurichter, A., Eyrich, W., Frank, M., Goehr, H., Kreische, W., Ortner, H., Roeseler, B., Schiller, C. A., Weeske, G., Witthun, W.
Keywords: neutron, gamma emission Pd D2O, electrolysis


282. Becker, E.W., Triple collision reaction of deuterons as a possible explanation of cold nuclear fusion. Naturwiss., 1989. 76: p. 214.

First Author: Becker, E. W.
All Authors: Becker, E. W.
Keywords: nuclear reaction Li D2 Helium


283. Begley, S., et al., The Race for Fusion, and The Follies of Science, in Newsweek. 1989. p. 49.

First Author: Begley, S.
All Authors: Begley, S., Hurt, H., Murr, A., Rogers, M.
Keywords: history, newspaper


284. Begley, S., E. Jones, and T. Waldorf, A Sun in a Test Tube?, in Newsweek. 1989. p. 58.

First Author: Begley, S.
All Authors: Begley, S., Jones, E., Waldorf, T.
Keywords: history


285. Behrisch, R., et al., Search for fusion reactions between deuterium atoms implanted into titanium. Nucl. Fusion, 1989. 29(7): p. 1187.

First Author: Behrisch, R.
All Authors: Behrisch, R., Moeller, W., Roth, J., Scherzer, B. M. U.
Keywords: Ti, ion implantation, D2, particle emission


286. Benedek, G. and P.F. Bortignon, Cold nuclear fusion: viewpoints of solid-state physics. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, 1989. 11(8): p. 1227.

First Author: Benedek, G.
All Authors: Benedek, G., Bortignon, P. F.
Keywords: theory, screening


287. Benesh, C.J. and J.P. Vary, Fusion rates of squeezed and screened hydrogenic nuclei. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1989. 40(2): p. R495.

First Author: Benesh, C. J.
All Authors: Benesh, C. J., Vary, J. P.
Keywords: theory, screening distance


288. Benetskii, B.A., A.V. Klyachko, and A.I. Rozantsev, An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion in a condensed medium. Ratk. Soobshch. Fiz., 1989(6): p. 58 (In Russian).

First Author: Benetskii, B. A.
All Authors: Benetskii, B. A., Klyachko, A. V., Rozantsev, A. I.
Keywords: Pd, D2, neutron


289. Bennington, S.M., et al., A search for the emission of x-rays from electrolytically charged palladium-deuterium. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 1323.

First Author: Bennington, S. M.
All Authors: Bennington, S. M., Sokhi, R. S., Stonadge, P. R., Ross, D. K., Benham, M. J., Beynon, T. D., Whithey, P., Harris, I. R., Farr, J. P. G.
Keywords: x-ray, Pd, D2O, Pd-Li, negative


290. Berkem, A.R., Nuclear fusion. Hot fusion - cold fusion. Kim. Sanayi, 1989. 31: p. 7 (in Turkish).

First Author: Berkem, A. R.
All Authors: Berkem, A. R.
Keywords: Review


291. Bertin, A., et al., Experimental evidence of cold nuclear fusion in a measurement under the Gran Sasso Massif. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 101A: p. 997.

First Author: Bertin, A.
All Authors: Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Capponi, M., De Castro, S., Marconi, U., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Semprini-Cesari, N., Trombini, A., Vitale, A., Zoccoli, A., Jones, S. E., Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Palmer, E. P.
Keywords: neutron, Ti, D2O, electrolysis


292. Bhattacharjee, J.K., L. Satpathy, and Y.R. Waghmare, A possible mechanism of cold fusion. Pramana, 1989. 32: p. L841.

First Author: Bhattacharjee, J. K.
All Authors: Bhattacharjee, J. K., Satpathy, L., Waghmare, Y. R.
Keywords: Theory, screening


293. Bishop, J.E., Cold Fusion Generating Lots of Heat, Little Light, in The Wall Street Journal. 1989: New YorkEditor.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


294. Bishop, J.E., Cold Comfort on Cold Fusion Front, in The Wall Street Journal. 1989: NYEditor. p. 1.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


295. Bishop, J.E., Heat Source in Fusion Find May Be Mystery Reaction and Brigham Young Physicists Reveal Details of Second H-Fusion Discovery and Will New Energy Sources Soon Power U.S.?, in Wall Street Journal. 1989.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: newspaper, history


296. Bishop, J.E. and J.M. Schlesinger, Japan's Cold Fusion Effort Produces Startling Claims of Bursts of Neutrons, in The Wall Street Journal. 1989: NYEditor. p. 3.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E., Schlesinger, J. M.
Keywords: history, newspaper


297. Bishop, J.E. and K. Wells, Taming H-Bombs? : Utah Scientists Claim Breakthrough in Quest for Fusion Energy, in The Wall Street Journal. 1989: NYEditor.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E., Wells, K.
Keywords: history, newspaper


298. Bjerklie, D., J.M. Nash, and D.T. Thompson, Fusion Illusion?, in Time. 1989. p. 72.

First Author: Bjerklie, D.
All Authors: Bjerklie, D., Nash, J. M., Thompson, D. T.
Keywords: history


299. Blagus, S., et al., Search for neutron production during heavy water electrolysis on palladium electrodes. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1989. 333: p. 321.

First Author: Blagus, S.
All Authors: Blagus, S., Bogovac, M., Hodko, D., Krcmar, M., Miljanic, D., Tomas, P., Vajic, M., Vukovic, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O, layer, surface


300. Blaser, J.P., et al., Experimental investigation of cold fusion phenomena in palladium. Chimia, 1989. 43: p. 262.

First Author: Blaser, J. P.
All Authors: Blaser, J. P., Haas, O., Ptitjean, C., Barbero, C., Bertl, W., Lou, K., Mathias, M., Baumann, P., Daniel, H., Hartmann, J., Hechtl, E., Ackerbauer, P., Kammel, P., Scrinzi, A., Zmeskal, H., Kozlowski, T., Kipfer, R., Baur, H., Signr, P., Wieler, R.
Keywords: electrolysis heat-, neutron-, gamma emission, tritium, Helium, D2O, Pd, layer, surface, negative


301. Bosch, H.S., et al., Electrochemical Cold Fusion Trials at IPP Garching. 1989.

First Author: Bosch, H. S.
All Authors: Bosch, H. S., Wurden, G. A., Gernhardt, J., Karger, F., Perchermeier, J.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma, heat-, tritium, electrolysis, negative


302. Bose, H., et al., Verification Studies in Electrochemically Induced Fusion of Deuterons in Palladium Cathodes, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 8.

First Author: Bose, H.
All Authors: Bose, H., Prabhu, L. H., Sankaranarayanan, M., Shetiya, R. S., Veeraraghavan, N., Joshi, P. V., Murthy, T. S., Sen, B. K., Sharma, K. G. B.
Keywords: heat, tritium, neutron,


303. Botter, F., et al., Search for emission of neutrons from a palladium-deuterium system. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 232: p. 536.

First Author: Botter, F.
All Authors: Botter, F., Bouchez, J., Collot, J., Kajfasz, E., Lefievre, B., Lesquoy, E., Stutz, A., Tistchenko, S., Zylberajch, S.
Keywords: Pd-black, heat-, neutron, D2


304. Braun, T., A Selective, Annotated Bibliography. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1989. 136(3).

First Author: Braun, T.
All Authors: Braun, T.
Keywords: review, history


305. Bressani, T., E. Del Giudice, and G. Preparata, First steps toward an understanding of 'cold' nuclear fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 101: p. 845.

First Author: Bressani, T.
All Authors: Bressani, T., Del Giudice, E., Preparata, G.
Keywords: Theory, collective effects, p-d fusion, He


306. Briand, J.P., et al., Cold fusion: an alternative diagnostic. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1989. A285: p. 547.

First Author: Briand, J. P.
All Authors: Briand, J. P., Dewynck, J., Chevallier, P., Bobin, J. L.
Keywords: x-ray, Pd, ion bombardment, negative


307. Bridge, M.E., D.R. Lloyd, and J.M.D. Coey, Cold fusion ideas" (section editor's title). Nature (London), 1989. 340: p. 105.

First Author: Bridge, M. E.
All Authors: Bridge, M. E., Lloyd, D. R., Coey, J. M. D.
Keywords: history, critique


308. Broad, W.J., Science Times: Despite Scorn , Some Scientists Still Seek Cold Fusion Clues, in The New York Times. 1989: NYEditor. p. 5.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: HISTORY, newspaper


309. Broad, W.J., Signs of 'Cold' Fusion are Cited Cautiously, in The New York Times. 1989: NYEditor.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: history


310. Broad, W.J., M.W. Browne, and W.E. Schmidt, A Frenzy Over Fusion in Hundreds of Labs, in New York Times. 1989.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J., Browne, M. W., Schmidt, W. E.
Keywords: history


311. Broer, M.M., et al., Search for neutrons from deuterium-deuterium nuclear reactions in electrochemically charged Palladium. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1989. 40(4): p. R1559.

First Author: Broer, M. M.
All Authors: Broer, M. M., Feldman, L. C., James, A. C. W. P., Kraus, J. S., Raghavan, R. S.
Keywords: electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O


312. Brown, N.E. and N. Jarmie, Differential Cross Sections at Low Energies for 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1989. 41(4): p. 1391.

First Author: Brown, N. E.
All Authors: Brown, N. E., Jarmie, N.
Keywords: cross Section, D-D, fusion, energy, branching ratio


313. Bruggeman, A., et al., Studiecentrum Voor Kernenenergie. 1989.

First Author: Bruggeman, A.
All Authors: Bruggeman, A., Loos, M., Van der Poorten, C., Craps, R., Leysen, R., Poortmans, F., Verstappen, G., Snykers, M.
Keywords: heat, error, Pd, D, critique, AC


314. Bruschi, L., et al., Search for neutron emission from a deuterium-titanium system". Europhys. Lett., 1989. 10(4): p. 303.

First Author: Bruschi, L.
All Authors: Bruschi, L., Santini, M., Torzo, G., Nardelli, G.
Keywords: Ti, neutron, D2


315. Burrows, A., Enhancement of cold fusion in metal 'hydrides' by screening of proton and deuteron charges. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40(5): p. 3405.

First Author: Burrows, A.
All Authors: Burrows, A.
Keywords: Theory, screening


316. Bush, R.T. A Transmission resonance Model for Cold Fusion. in Winter Annual Meeting of Am. Soc. Mechan. Eng. 1989. San Francisco.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory


317. Bussard, R.W., Virtual-state internal nuclear fusion in metal lattices. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 231.

First Author: Bussard, R. W.
All Authors: Bussard, R. W.
Keywords: Theory, loading


318. Butler, M.A., et al., High-sensitivity search for neutrons during electrochemical reactions. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 388.

First Author: Butler, M. A.
All Authors: Butler, M. A., Ginley, D. S., Schirber, J. E., Ewing, R. I.
Keywords: electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O


319. Cage, K., Memorandum: Cold Fusion Applications. 1989, U.S. Department of Commerce, Patent and Trademark office: Washington, DC.

First Author: Cage, K.
All Authors: Cage, K.
Keywords: patent

Although the media attention relating to cold fusion has dimishecl, we are Just now beginning to see a large number of applications relating to this subjects Although we are attempting to identify an of these applications in the pre-examination screening process, there is a possibility that a few applications may slip through without being identified. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CageKmemorandum.pdf


320. Campbell, R.B. and L.J. Perkins, A study of 'cold fusion' in deuterated titanium subjected to high-current densities. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 383.

First Author: Campbell, R. B.
All Authors: Campbell, R. B., Perkins, L. J.
Keywords: Ti, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, current density, loading


321. Capek, V. and J. Czech, Tunnelling efficiency and the problem of cold fusion. Phys., 1989. B39: p. 793.

First Author: Capek, V.
All Authors: Capek, V., Czech, J.
Keywords: Theory, tunnelling


322. Carey, J., et al., Fusion in a Bottle: Miracle or Mistake?, in Business Week. 1989. p. 100.

First Author: Carey, J.
All Authors: Carey, J., Marbach, W. D., Gross, N., Symonds, W.
Keywords: newspaper, history


323. Carpenter, J.M., Cold fusion: what's going on? Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 711.

First Author: Carpenter, J. M.
All Authors: Carpenter, J. M.
Keywords: critique, Jones


324. Carstens, D.H.W. and W.R. David, Equilibrium Measurements in the Beta Region of Palladium Protide and Palladium Deuteride. 1989: Los Alamos.

First Author: Carstens, D. H. W.
All Authors: Carstens, D. H. W., David, W. R.
Keywords: PdD, D2, H2, phase Diagram, pressure, PdH


325. Celani, F., et al., Preliminary Measurements on Electrolytic Cold Fusion at Underground Gran Sasso Laboratory. 1989.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Di Stefano, V., Pace, S., Bianco, S.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, Ti, gamma, neutron, chargedParticle


326. Chandler, D.L., et al., Fusion : Test Tube Yields More Questions Than Answers, in Boston Globe. 1989: BostonEditor. p. 29.

First Author: Chandler, D. L.
All Authors: Chandler, D. L., Saltus, R., Miller, W. G., Black, C.
Keywords: newspaper, history


327. Chemla, M., J. Chevalet, and R. Bury, Heat evolution involved with the electrochemical discharge of hydrogen and deuterium on palladium. C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 1989. 309: p. 987 (in French).

First Author: Chemla, M.
All Authors: Chemla, M., Chevalet, J., Bury, R.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat, D2O, H2O


328. Chidambaram, R. and V.C. Sahni, Materials Issues in the So-Called 'Cold Fusion' Experiments, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. C 1.

First Author: Chidambaram, R.
All Authors: Chidambaram, R., Sahni, V. C.
Keywords: theory,


329. Chidambaram, R. and V.C. Sahni, Materials issues in the so-called 'cold fusion' experiments. Curr. Sci., 1989. 58: p. 597.

First Author: Chidambaram, R.
All Authors: Chidambaram, R., Sahni, V. C.
Keywords: loading, thermodynamic, Pd, D2, H2, critique


330. Christensen, O.B., et al., H-H Interactions in Pd. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40(3): p. 1993.

First Author: Christensen, O. B.
All Authors: Christensen, O. B., Ditlevsen, P. D., Jacobsen, K. W., Stoltz, P., Nielsen, O. H., Norskov, J. K.
Keywords: Pd, H, interaction, theory, structure, distance


331. Chu, C.W., et al., Search for the proposed cold fusion of D in Pd. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 3: p. 753.

First Author: Chu, C. W.
All Authors: Chu, C. W., Xue, Y. Y., Meng, R. L., Hor, P. H., Huang, Z. J., Gao, L.
Keywords: heat-, neutron-, electrolysis, Pd, D2O


332. Chulick, G.S., Y.E. Kim, and R.A. Rice, Low Energy D-D Fusion Experimental Cross-Sections. 1989.

First Author: Chulick, G. S.
All Authors: Chulick, G. S., Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A.
Keywords: D2, fusion, Cross Section theory


333. Claytor, T.N., et al. Tritium and neutron measurements of a solid state cell. in NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Materials. 1989. Washington, DC.

First Author: Claytor, T. N.
All Authors: Claytor, T. N., Seeger, P., Rohwer, R. K., Tuggle, D. G., Doty, W. R.
Keywords: tritium, neutron, Pd-Si, method, gas discharge


334. Cohen, J.S. and J.D. Davies, The cold fusion family. Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 705.

First Author: Cohen, J. S.
All Authors: Cohen, J. S., Davies, J. D.
Keywords: theory, muon


335. Cohen, J.S. and J.D. Davies, Is cold fusion hot? Nature (London), 1989. 342: p. 487.

First Author: Cohen, J. S.
All Authors: Cohen, J. S., Davies, J. D.
Keywords: review, fractofusion


336. Cottingham, W.N. and D.A. Greenwood, The fusion rate of a confined deuteron pair. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1989. 15: p. L157.

First Author: Cottingham, W. N.
All Authors: Cottingham, W. N., Greenwood, D. A.
Keywords: Theory, distance


337. Cranberg, L., Cold fusion doubts and controls" (title given by section editor). Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 515.

First Author: Cranberg, L.
All Authors: Cranberg, L.
Keywords: review


338. Cribier, M., M. Spiro, and J. Favier, Conventional sources of fast neutrons in cold fusion experiments. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 228: p. 163.

First Author: Cribier, M.
All Authors: Cribier, M., Spiro, M., Favier, J.
Keywords: theory, neutron


339. Crowley, B.J.B., Nuclear Fusion in High Density Matter. Nucl. Fusion, 1989. 29(12): p. 2199.

First Author: Crowley, B. J. B.
All Authors: Crowley, B. J. B.
Keywords: theory


340. CSST, Hearing before the Committee on Science, Space and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives. 1989: Washington, DC.

First Author: CSST
All Authors: CSST
Keywords: History

U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing before the Committee on Science, Space and Technology on cold fusion, April 1989.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CSSThearingbef.pdf


341. Cunnane, V.J., R.A. Scannell, and D.J. Schiffrin, H2 + O2 recombination in non-isothermal, non-adiabatic electrochemical calorimetry of water electrolysis in an undivided cell. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 269: p. 163.

First Author: Cunnane, V. J.
All Authors: Cunnane, V. J., Scannell, R. A., Schiffrin, D. J.
Keywords: heat, recombination, critique, method


342. Dagani, R., Nuclear Fusion: Utah Findings Raise Hopes, Doubts, in Chem. Eng. News. 1989. p. 4.

First Author: Dagani, R.
All Authors: Dagani, R.
Keywords: critique, history,


343. Dalard, F., et al., Electrochemical incorporation of lithium into palladium from aprotic electrolytes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 270: p. 445.

First Author: Dalard, F.
All Authors: Dalard, F., Ulmann, M., Augustynski, J., Selvam, P.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, Li, surface analysis, Pd-Li


344. Dasannacharya, B.A. and K.R. Rao, Remarks on Cold Fusion, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. C 2.

First Author: Dasannacharya, B. A.
All Authors: Dasannacharya, B. A., Rao, K. R.
Keywords: theory,


345. Davidson, K., Cold Fusion Not Dead Yet, in San Francisco Examiner. 1989.

First Author: Davidson, K.
All Authors: Davidson, K.
Keywords: history


346. Davis, L., Cold fusion: a learning curve? Aust. Phys., 1989. 26: p. 219.

First Author: Davis, L.
All Authors: Davis, L.
Keywords: review


347. Davydov, A.S., Possible interpretation of cold nuclear fusion (Letter to the Editor). Ukr. Fiz. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), 1989. 34: p. 1295 (in Russian).

First Author: Davydov, A. S.
All Authors: Davydov, A. S.
Keywords: theory, superconductivity, muons


348. De Ninno, A., et al., Emission of neutrons from a deuterium-titanium system. Energ. Nucl. (Rome), 1989. 6: p. 9 (in Italian).

First Author: De Ninno, A.
All Authors: De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Lollobattista, G., Martinis, L., Martone, M., Mori, L., Podda, S., Scaramuzzi, F.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, titanium


349. De Ninno, A., et al., Evidence of emission of neutrons from a titanium-deuterium system". Europhys. Lett., 1989. 9: p. 221.

First Author: De Ninno, A.
All Authors: De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Lollobattista, G., Martinis, L., Martone, M., Mori, L., Podda, S., Scaramuzzi, F.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, titanium


350. De Ninno, A., et al., Emission of neutrons as a consequence of titanium-deuterium interaction. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 101: p. 841.

First Author: De Ninno, A.
All Authors: De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Lollobattista, G., Martinis, L., Martone, M., Mori, L., Podda, S., Scaramuzzi, F.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, titanium


351. Deakin, M.R., et al., Search for cold fusion using x-ray detection. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1989. 40(5): p. R1851.

First Author: Deakin, M. R.
All Authors: Deakin, M. R., Fox, J. D., Kemper, K. W., Myers, E. G., Shelton, W. N., Skofronick, J. G.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, x-ray, D2O, negative


352. Delley, B., Effect of electronic screening on cold-nuclear-fusion rates. Europhys. Lett., 1989. 10: p. 347.

First Author: Delley, B.
All Authors: Delley, B.
Keywords: Theory, screening


353. Demanins, F., et al., Search for the neutron production in niobium deuteride. Solid State Commun., 1989. 71: p. 559.

First Author: Demanins, F.
All Authors: Demanins, F., Graziani, M., Kaspar, J., Modesti, S., Raicich, F., Rosei, R., Tommasini, F., Trovarelli, A.
Keywords: Nb, D2, neutron


354. Derjaguin, B.V., et al., Titanium fracture yields neutrons? Nature (London), 1989. 341: p. 492.

First Author: Derjaguin, B. V.
All Authors: Derjaguin, B. V., Lipson, A. G., Kluev, V. A., Sakov, D. M., Toporov, Yu. P
Keywords: fractofusion, TiD, LiD


355. Divisek, J., L. Fuerst, and J. Balej, Energy balance of D2O electrolysis with a palladium cathode. Part II. Experimental results. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 278: p. 99.

First Author: Divisek, J.
All Authors: Divisek, J., Fuerst, L., Balej, J.
Keywords: Pd, heat, recombination, surface analysis, electrolysis, D2O, loading, transmutation


356. Dudu, D., et al., Nuclear effects in the electrolysis of heavy water. Rev. Roum. Phys., 1989. 34: p. 229.

First Author: Dudu, D.
All Authors: Dudu, D., Molea, M., Pascalau, I., Piticu, I., Vata, I.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O


357. Durocher, J.J.G., et al., A search for evidence of cold fusion in the direct implantation of palladium and indium with deuterium. Can. J. Phys., 1989. 67: p. 624.

First Author: Durocher, J. J. G.
All Authors: Durocher, J. J. G., Gallop, D. M., Kwok, C. B., Mathur, M. S., Mayer, J. K., McKee, J. S. C., Mirzai, A., Smith, G. R., Yeo, Y. H.
Keywords: In, ion bombardment, ion implantation, D+, neutron


358. Eberhard, V., et al., Neutron limits from gas-loaded titanium-deuterium systems. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1989. 334: p. 357.

First Author: Eberhard, V.
All Authors: Eberhard, V., Heeringa, W., Klages, H. O., Maschuw, R., Voelker, G., Zeitnitz, B.
Keywords: Ti, neutron, D2


359. Editorial, Cold Confusion, and Cold Results from Utah. Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 361, 364.

First Author: Editorial
All Authors: Editorial
Keywords: history


360. Ehrlich, A.C., et al., A search for neutrons in single-phase palladium-deuterium Kold fusion? Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 529.

First Author: Ehrlich, A. C.
All Authors: Ehrlich, A. C., Gillespie, D. J., Kamm, G. N., Elbek, B.
Keywords: D2, electrolysis, neutron, high temperature, loading neutron, electrolysis, Pd, D2O


361. EPRI. NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Metals. 1989. Washington, D.C.: Electric Power Research Institute.

First Author: EPRI
All Authors: EPRI
Keywords:

Attempts to confirm Fleischmann and Ponss observations of cold fusion phenomena have met with inconsistent results. This second workshop on this topic brought together skeptics and advocates to facilitate communication, to examine closely the experimental results, and to identify research issues.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRInsfepriwor.pdf


362. ERAB, Report of the Cold Fusion Panel to the Energy Research Advisory Board. 1989: Washington, DC.

First Author: ERAB
All Authors: ERAB
Keywords: ERAB, review history

A copy of the ERAB report has been prepared by the National Capital Area Skeptics (NCAS) organization (www.ncas.org). It is available here: http://www.ncas.org/erab/ This library contains a brief introduction to the report and a copy of the NCAS version of the ERAB report.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ERABreportofth.pdf


363. Ewing, R.I., et al., Negative results and positive artifacts observed in a comprehensive search for neutrons from 'cold fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 404.

First Author: Ewing, R. I.
All Authors: Ewing, R. I., Butler, M. A., Schirber, J. E., Ginley, D. S.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O, Pd, method


364. Faller, S.H., R.W. Holloway, and S.C. Lee, Investigation of cold fusion in heavy water. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1989. 137(1): p. 9.

First Author: Faller, S. H.
All Authors: Faller, S. H., Holloway, R. W., Lee, S. C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, tritium, gamma emission, D2O, negative


365. Fang, P.H., An Investigation of Interactions Between Deuterium and Palladium Related Crystalline and Amorphous Alloys. 1989.

First Author: Fang, P. H.
All Authors: Fang, P. H.
Keywords: theory, structure


366. Fehn, T. and C.A. Schiller, Cold nuclear fusion and electrochemical measuring techniques. Chem.-Tech. (Heidelberg), 1989. 18: p. 72, 75, 77 (German).

First Author: Fehn, T.
All Authors: Fehn, T., Schiller, C. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron


367. Feng, S., Enhancement of cold fusion rate by electron polarization in palladium deuterium solid. Solid State Commun., 1989. 72: p. 205.

First Author: Feng, S.
All Authors: Feng, S.
Keywords: Theory, tunneling, screening


368. Fishman, R.S. and G.D. Mahan, Binding of charged particles in lattice defects. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40(17): p. 11493.

First Author: Fishman, R. S.
All Authors: Fishman, R. S., Mahan, G. D.
Keywords: Theory, jellium


369. Fleischmann, M., S. Pons, and M. Hawkins, Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 261: p. 301 and errata in Vol. 263.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Hawkins, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat+, neutron, tritium, 4He, D2O

The strange behaviour of electrogenerated hydrogen dissolved in palladium has been studied for well over 100 years, and latterly these studies have been extended to deuterium and tritium [1]. For discharge of deuterium from alkaline solutions of heavy water we have to consider the reaction steps

The strange behaviour of electrogenerated hydrogen dissolved in palladium has been studied for well over 100 years, and latterly these studies have been extended to deuterium and tritium. For discharge of deuterium from alkaline solutions of heavy water we have to consider the reaction steps

D2O + e- → Dads + OD (i)
Dads + D2O + e- → D2 + OD (ii)
Dads → Dlattice (iii)
Dads + Dads → D2 (iv)

It is known that at potentials negative to + 50 mV on the reversible hydrogen scale, the lattice is in the β-phase, hydrogen is in the form of protons (as shown by the migration in an electric field) and is highly mobile (D = 10-7 cm2 s-1 for the α-phase at 300 K).

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanelectroche.pdf


370. Fleischmann, M., et al., Measurements of gamma-rays from cold fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 339(622): p. 667.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Hawkins, M., Hoffman, R. J.
Keywords: critique, history, gamma emission


371. Fowler, W.A., Cold fusion results still unexplained. Nature (London), 1989. 339(6223): p. 345.

First Author: Fowler, W. A.
All Authors: Fowler, W. A.
Keywords: Theory


372. Fralick, G.C., A.J. Decker, and J.W. Blue, Results Of An Attempt To Measure Increased Rates Of The Reaction 2D + 2D --> 3He + n In A Nonelectrochemical Cold Fusion Experiment. 1989, NASA: Cleveland, OH.

First Author: Fralick, G. C.
All Authors: Fralick, G. C., Decker, A. J., Blue, J. W.
Keywords:

An experiment was performed at the Lewis Research Center to look for evidence of deuterium fusion in palladium. The experiment, which involved introducing deuterium into the palladium filter of a hydrogen purifier, was designed to detect neutrons produced in the reaction

2D + 2D → 3He + n

as well as heat production. The neutron counts for deuterium did not differ significantly from background or from the counts for a hydrogen control. Heat production was detected when deuterium, but not hydrogen, was pumped from the purifier.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FralickGCresultsofa.pdf


373. Fujita, S., On the feasibility of nuclear fusion in fcc metals. Phys. Stat. Sol. B, 1989. 156: p. K17.

First Author: Fujita, S.
All Authors: Fujita, S.
Keywords: theory


374. Gai, M., et al., Upper limits on neutron and gamma-ray emission from cold fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 340: p. 29.

First Author: Gai, M.
All Authors: Gai, M., Rugari, S. L., France, R. H., Lund, B. J., Zhao, Z., Davenport, A. J., Isaacs, H. S., Lynn, K. G.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2, Ti, neutron gamma emission


375. Gajewski, R., Investigation of some aspects of cold fusion. 1989.

First Author: Gajewski, R.
All Authors: Gajewski, R.
Keywords: proposal, history


376. Ganz, J. and J. Newman, Cold Fusion : Will It Be Harnessed?, in High Technology Careers Magazine. 1989. p. 60.

First Author: Ganz, J.
All Authors: Ganz, J., Newman, J.
Keywords: history, theory, muon


377. Garwin, R.L., Consensus on Cold Fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 616.

First Author: Garwin, R. L.
All Authors: Garwin, R. L.
Keywords: review, critique, history


378. Gerstein, S.S., The Critical Test Experiments in Cold Fusion. 1989.

First Author: Gerstein, S. S.
All Authors: Gerstein, S. S.
Keywords: theory, history


379. Ghosh, S.K., H.K. Sadhukhan, and A.K. Dhara, A theory of cold nuclear fusion in deuterium-loaded palladium. Pramana, 1989. 33: p. L339.

First Author: Ghosh, S. K.
All Authors: Ghosh, S. K., Sadhukhan, H. K., Dhara, A. K.
Keywords: Theory, screening, jellium


380. Ghosh, S.K., H.K. Saidhukhan, and A.K. Dhara, A Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Deuterium Loaded Palladium, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. C 4.

First Author: Ghosh, S. K.
All Authors: Ghosh, S. K., Saidhukhan, H. K., Dhara, A. K.
Keywords: theory,


381. Gillespie, D.J., et al., A search for anomalies in the palladium-deuterium system. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 526.

First Author: Gillespie, D. J.
All Authors: Gillespie, D. J., Kamm, G. N., Ehrlich, A. C., Mart, P. L.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, neutron, heat-, D2O, dimension, resistivity


382. Gittus, J. and J. Bockris, Explanations of cold fusion (section editor's title). Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 105 (Scientific Correspondence).

First Author: Gittus, J.
All Authors: Gittus, J., Bockris, J.
Keywords: theory, polemic, Loading


383. Goedkoop, J.A., Koude kernfusie in de vaste stof?" (Cold nuclear fusion in solids?). Energiespektrum, 1989. 13: p. 156 (in Dutch).

First Author: Goedkoop, J. A.
All Authors: Goedkoop, J. A.
Keywords: Review


384. Gold, T., New ideas in science. J. Sci. Expl., 1989. 3(2): p. 103.

First Author: Gold, T.
All Authors: Gold, T.
Keywords: history


385. Goldanskii, V.I. and F.I. Dalidchik, Mechanism of solid-state fusion (Title given by Letters editor). Nature (London), 1989. 342: p. 231.

First Author: Goldanskii, V. I.
All Authors: Goldanskii, V. I., Dalidchik, F. I.
Keywords: theory


386. Golubnichii, P.I., et al., A possible mechanism for cold nuclear fusion. J. Kratk. Soobshch. Fiz., 1989(6): p. 56 (In Russian).

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Kurakin, V. A., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion


387. Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Possible mechanism of cold nuclear fusion. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 307: p. 99 (in Russian).

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Kurakin, V. A., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


388. Goodwin, I., Fusion in a Flask: Expert DOE Panel Throws Cold Water on Utah Discovery. Physics Today, 1989. December: p. 43.

First Author: Goodwin, I.
All Authors: Goodwin, I.
Keywords: history


389. Gottesfeld, S., et al. Experiments and Nuclear Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion Proceses. in Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Santa Fe, NM.

First Author: Gottesfeld, S.
All Authors: Gottesfeld, S., Anderson, R. E., Leonard, E. M., Springer, T. E., Baker, D. A., Zawodzinski, T., Bolton, R. D., Butterfield, K. B., Garzon, F. H., Goulding, C. A., Johnson, M. W.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission, heat-


390. Gozzi, D., et al., Neutron and Tritium Evidences in the Electrolytic Reduction of Deuterium on Pd Electrodes. 1989.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium


391. Greber, T., et al. Cold Fusion Experiments in Fribourg. in Understanding Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989.

First Author: Greber, T.
All Authors: Greber, T., Fischer, A., Rheme, C., Drissi, S., Osterwalder, J., Kern, J., Schlapbach, L.
Keywords: Pd, Surface Analysis, neutron, x-ray, gamma emission, transmutation, D2O, electrolysis


392. Greenland, T., Numbers off an envelope. Physics World, 1989. 2: p. 16.

First Author: Greenland, T.
All Authors: Greenland, T.
Keywords: Theory, screening


393. Gryzinski, M., Low-temperature fusion of light nuclei in the Fleischmann-Pons reaction. Inz. Aparat. Chem., 1989. 28(5): p. 3 (in Polish).

First Author: Gryzinski, M.
All Authors: Gryzinski, M.
Keywords: Commentary, history


394. Gryzinski, M., Cold fusion: what's going on? Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 712.

First Author: Gryzinski, M.
All Authors: Gryzinski, M.
Keywords: theory, tunnelling


395. Gu, A.G., et al., Preliminary experimental study on cold fusion using deuterium gas and deuterium plasma in the presence of palladium. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 248.

First Author: Gu, A. G.
All Authors: Gu, A. G., Teng, R. K. F., Miller, M. S., Sprouse, W. J.
Keywords: D2, Pd, ion bombardment, neutron


396. Guggeler, H.W., et al., Cold Fusion Reactions with 48Ca. Nucl. Phys. A, 1989. 502: p. 561c.

First Author: Guggeler, H. W.
All Authors: Guggeler, H. W., Jost, D. T., T'rler, A., Armbruster, P., Br'chle, W., Folger, H., Hebberher, F. P., Hofmann, S.
Keywords: fusion, Ca, ion bombardment


397. Guinan, M.W., G.F. Chaplin, and R.W. Moir, Catalysis of Deuterium Fusion in Metal Hydrides by Cosmic Ray Muons. 1989: Los Alamos.

First Author: Guinan, M. W.
All Authors: Guinan, M. W., Chaplin, G. F., Moir, R. W.
Keywords: muon, D, Ti, Pd, D2O, theory,


398. Hagelstein, P.L. Coherent Fusion Theory. in Winter Annual Meeting of Am. Soc. Mechan. Eng. 1989. San Francisco, CA.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory


399. Hagelstein, P.L., Phonon Interactions in Coherent Fusion. 1989.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory


400. Hagelstein, P.L., Rates for Neutron and Tritium Production in Coherent D-D Fusion. 1989.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory


401. Hagelstein, P.L., A Simple Model for Coherent D-D Fusion in the Presence of a Lattice. 1989.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory


402. Hajdas, W., et al., Search for cold fusion events. Solid State Commun., 1989. 72: p. 309.

First Author: Hajdas, W.
All Authors: Hajdas, W., Kistryn, S., Lang, J., Sromicki, J., Jenny, B., Wachter, P.
Keywords: D2O, Pd neutron, gamma emission LaNi5


403. Hargitai, C., Considerations on cold nuclear fusion in palladium. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1989. 137(1): p. 17.

First Author: Hargitai, C.
All Authors: Hargitai, C.
Keywords: Theory, screening


404. Hassam, A.B. and A.N. Dharamsi, Deuterium molecule in the presence of electronic charge concentrations: implications for cold fusion. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1989. 40(11): p. 6689.

First Author: Hassam, A B.
All Authors: Hassam, A B., Dharamsi, A. N.
Keywords: Theory, Born-Oppenheimer


405. Henis, Z., S. Eliezer, and A. Zigler, Cold nuclear fusion rates in condensed matter: a phenomenological analysis. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1989. 15: p. L219.

First Author: Henis, Z.
All Authors: Henis, Z., Eliezer, S., Zigler, A.
Keywords: Theory


406. Hietschold, M., Electric field control for cold nuclear fusion? - a suggestion. Wiss. Z. TU Karl-Marx-Stadt, 1989. 31: p. 635.

First Author: Hietschold, M.
All Authors: Hietschold, M.
Keywords: theory, layer, ion trapping


407. Hoffmann, B., H. Baumann, and F. Rauch, Hydrogen Uptake by Palladium-Implanted Titanium Studied by NRA and RBS. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 1989. 15: p. 361.

First Author: Hoffmann, B.
All Authors: Hoffmann, B., Baumann, H., Rauch, F.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, D2, loading, Pd-Ti


408. Horanyi, G., Some doubts about the occurrence of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 889.

First Author: Horanyi, G.
All Authors: Horanyi, G.
Keywords: critique


409. Horanyi, G., Open questions concerning the Fleischmann-Pons experiment. Magy. Kem. Fol, 1989. 95: p. 140 (in Hungarian).

First Author: Horanyi, G.
All Authors: Horanyi, G.
Keywords: Discussion


410. Horanyi, G., Some basic electrochemistry and the cold nuclear fusion of deuterium. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1989. 137(1): p. 23.

First Author: Horanyi, G.
All Authors: Horanyi, G.
Keywords: critique, overvoltage


411. Horowitz, C.J., Cold nuclear fusion in metallic hydrogen and normal metals. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1989. 40: p. R1555.

First Author: Horowitz, C. J.
All Authors: Horowitz, C. J.
Keywords: Theory, cosmology, p-d fusion


412. Huang, N., et al. A Flow Calorimeter Used in Duplication of 'Cold Fusion'. in Special Session Cold Fusion, Electrochemical Society. 1989. Hollywood, Fl: Electrochemical Society.

First Author: Huang, N.
All Authors: Huang, N., Gao, Q. H., Liaw, B. Y., Liebert, B. E.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, method


413. Huggins, R.A., Statement before the Committee on Science, Space, and Technolgy. 1989.

First Author: Huggins, R. A.
All Authors: Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: congress, statement, history


414. Ikeya, M. and H. Miyamaru, Chemical heat production of palladium electrode electrolytically charged with deuterium and hydrogen. Chem. Express, 1989. 4: p. 563.

First Author: Ikeya, M.
All Authors: Ikeya, M., Miyamaru, H.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, decomposition, neutron, tritium


415. Irvine, J.M. and S. Riley, Cold fusion doubts and controls. Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 515 (15-Jun).

First Author: Irvine, J. M.
All Authors: Irvine, J. M., Riley, S.
Keywords: theory, cosmology, history


416. Iyengar, P.K. Cold Fusion Results in BARC Experiments. in Fifth International Conf. on Emerging Nucl. Energy Ststems. 1989. Karlsruhe, Germany.

First Author: Iyengar, P. K.
All Authors: Iyengar, P. K.
Keywords: review, neutron, tritium, Pd, D2O, electrolysis

Experiments were initiated at Trombay during the first week of April 1989 to verify the widely reported claims of the occurrence of cold fusion. A large burst of ≈ 2 10^7 neutrons was first detected on April 21st with a Pd-Ni electrolytic cell. The neutron counting rate, averaged over a 5 minute interval, was a couple of orders of magnitude larger than that of background count rates. In this experiment the tritium level in the D2O electrolyte jumped from the initial stock solution value of 2.6 Bq/ml to a 5.6 10^4 Bq/ml, an increase by over four orders of magnitude. The total quantity of tritium generated corresponds to ≈ 10^16 atoms suggesting a neutron to tritium channel branching ratio of less than 10^-8 in cold fusion. Significant quantities of neutrons and tritium were also observed to be produced in gas loaded Ti and Pd samples. Autoradiography of D2 loaded Ti disc targets have shown a number of hot spots indicating uneven distribution of tritium production in the near-surface region. On the whole the Trombay experiments have unequivocally confirmed the occurrence of cold fusion reactions both in Pd and Ti metallic lattices loaded with deuterium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IyengarPKcoldfusion.pdf


417. Iyengar, P.K., Preface and Summary, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay.

First Author: Iyengar, P. K.
All Authors: Iyengar, P. K.
Keywords: Review

The Preface and Summary of the book BARC Studies in Cold Fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IyengarPKprefaceand.pdf


418. Iyengar, P.K. and M. Srinivasan, BARC studies in cold fusion. 1989, Government of India, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay.

First Author: Iyengar, P. K.
All Authors: Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M.
Keywords: review, Pd, Ti, D2O, D2, heat+, neutron, tritium


419. Jackson, J.C., Cold fusion results still unexplained. Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 345 (1-Jun).

First Author: Jackson, J. C.
All Authors: Jackson, J. C.
Keywords: theory, neutron


420. Johnson, K.H. and D.P. Clougherty, Hydrogen-hydrogen/deuterium-deuterium bonding in palladium and the superconducting/electrochemical properties of PdHx/PdDx. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 3: p. 795.

First Author: Johnson, K. H.
All Authors: Johnson, K. H., Clougherty, D. P.
Keywords: Theory, Jahn-Teller


421. Jones, S., Bibliography. 1989.

First Author: Jones, S.
All Authors: Jones, S.
Keywords: neutron review


422. Jones, S.E. Anomalous Neutron Emission in Metal- Deuterium Systems. in Riken Conference on Muon-Catalyzed and Cold Fusion. 1989. Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, D2O


423. Jones, S.E., et al., Observation of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter. Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 737.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E., Palmer, E. P., Czirr, J. B., Decker, D. L., Jensen, G. L., Thorne, J. M., Taylor, S. F., Rafelski, J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O


424. Jorgensen, C.K. Chemistry of Unsaturated Quarks. in Molecular Structures and Energetics. 1989. VCH Publishers, NY.

First Author: Jorgensen, C. K.
All Authors: Jorgensen, C. K.
Keywords: quarks, theory


425. Jorgensen, C.K., Scenarios for nuclear fusion in palladium-deuterium alloys at ambient temperatures. Chimia, 1989. 43: p. 142.

First Author: Jorgensen, C. K.
All Authors: Jorgensen, C. K.
Keywords: theory


426. Joyce, C., Unlucky Break for the Friends of Cold Fusion. New Scientist, 1989: p. 34.

First Author: Joyce, C.
All Authors: Joyce, C.
Keywords: history


427. Kainthla, R.C., et al., Eight chemical explanations of the Fleischmann-Pons effect. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1989. 14(11): p. 771.

First Author: Kainthla, R. C.
All Authors: Kainthla, R. C., Szklarczyk, M., Kaba, L., Lin, G. H., Velev, O. A., Packham, N. J. C., Wass, J. C., Bockris, J.
Keywords: theory, chemical, critique


428. Kainthla, R.C., et al., Sporadic observation of the Fleischmann-Pons heat effect. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 1315.

First Author: Kainthla, R. C.
All Authors: Kainthla, R. C., Velev, O. A., Kaba, L., Lin, G. H., Packham, N. J. C., Szklarczyk, M., Wass, J. C., Bockris, J.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2O, Pd, heat+, current density

An examination has been made of the heat production at ten palladium electrodes, each prepared in a different way. Seven of these produced heat during D2 evolution in a D2 -O2 electrolysis cell (no recombination attempted) which coincided precisely with the prediction of classical electrochemical theory, and thus eliminated the suspicion of heat through unintended D2 -O2 recombination. Three electrodes clearly produced an excess heat of ~2-5 watts-cm^-3. The heat was observed for periods of 10-33 hrs. In one electrode the excess heat production "shut off" (after 33 hrs) with no apparent cause: it did not return in five days of further electrolysis.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KainthlaRCsporadicob.pdf


429. Kamm, G.N., et al., Search for neutrons from a titanium-deuterium system. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 401.

First Author: Kamm, G. N.
All Authors: Kamm, G. N., Ehrlich, A. C., Gillespie, D. J., Powers, W J.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron


430. Karasevskii, A.I., D.V. Matyushov, and A. Gorodyskii, Possibility of the nuclear reaction between deuterium nuclei in electron shells of metal ions. Ukr. Khim. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), 1989. 55: p. 1036 (In Russian).

First Author: Karasevskii, A. I.
All Authors: Karasevskii, A. I., Matyushov, D. V., Gorodyskii, A. .
Keywords: Theory, screening


431. Kashy, E., et al., Search for neutron emission from deuterium-loaded palladium. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1989. 40(1): p. R1.

First Author: Kashy, E.
All Authors: Kashy, E., Bauer, W., Chen, Y., Galonsky, A., Gaudiello, J., Maier, M., Morrissey, D. J., Pelak, R. A., Tsang, M. B., Yurkon, J.
Keywords: neutron, gamma emission


432. Kaushik, T.C., M. Srinivasan, and A. Shyam, Fracture Phenomena in Crystalline Solids: A Brief Review in the Context of Cold Fusion, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. C 5.

First Author: Kaushik, T. C.
All Authors: Kaushik, T. C., Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A.
Keywords: theory,


433. Keddam, M., Some comments on the calorimetric aspects of the electrochemical 'cold fusion' by M. Fleischmann and S. Pons. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34(7): p. 995.

First Author: Keddam, M.
All Authors: Keddam, M.
Keywords: critique, Fleischmann


434. Kenny, J.P. and R. Schultz, "Hyper-gentle" (HGF) fusion at a few ev. 1989.

First Author: Kenny, J. P.
All Authors: Kenny, J. P., Schultz, R.
Keywords: theory


435. Kim, Y.E., Comment on "Cluster-Impact Fusion". 1989.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory cluster Impact


436. Kim, Y.E., Fission-Induced Inertial Confinement Hot Fusion and Cold Fusion with Electrolysis. 1989.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory


437. Kim, Y.E., Neutron-Induced Photonuclear Chain-Reaction Process in Pd Deuteride. 1989.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory


438. Kim, Y.E., Nuclear Theory Hypotheses for Cold Fusion. 1989.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory


439. Kim, Y.E., R.A. Rice, and G.S. Chulick, The Electron Screening Effect on Fusion Cross-sections and Rates in Physical Processes. 1989.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S.
Keywords: theory


440. Klepacki, D.J., Y.E. Kim, and R.A. Brandenburg, Two-Body Photodisintegration of 3-Helium and 3-Helium Near the Giant Resonance I. Plane-Wave Approximation. 1989.

First Author: Klepacki, D. J.
All Authors: Klepacki, D. J., Kim, Y. E., Brandenburg, R. A.
Keywords: theory


441. Kondo, J., Cold fusion in metals. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1989. 58(6): p. 1869.

First Author: Kondo, J.
All Authors: Kondo, J.
Keywords: Theory, jellium


442. Koonin, S.E. and M. Nauenberg, Calculated fusion rates in isotopic hydrogen molecules. Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 690.

First Author: Koonin, S. E.
All Authors: Koonin, S. E., Nauenberg, M.
Keywords: Theory, screening


443. Kosyakhkov, A.A., et al., Detection helium-3 and tritium formed during ion-plasma saturation of titanium with deuterium. Pis`ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 1989. 49: p. 648 (In Russian).

First Author: Kosyakhkov, A. A.
All Authors: Kosyakhkov, A. A., Triletskii, V. S., Cherepin, V. T., Chichkan, S. M.
Keywords: ion bombardment, Ti, Helium, tritium


444. Koval'chuk, E.P., et al., Electrochemically stimulated radiation by metals. Fiz.-Khim. Mekh. Mater., 1989. 25: p. 119 (In Russian).

First Author: Koval'chuk, E. P.
All Authors: Koval'chuk, E. P., Romaniv, O. N., Pazderskii, Yu. A., Aksiment'eva, E. M., Babei, Yu. I., Koval'chuk, A. E.
Keywords: Ni, Fe, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, beta


445. Kreysa, G., G. Marx, and W. Plieth, A critical analysis of electrochemical nuclear fusion experiments. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 266: p. 437.

First Author: Kreysa, G.
All Authors: Kreysa, G., Marx, G., Plieth, W.
Keywords: critique, review


446. Krishnan, M.S., et al., Evidence for Production of Tritium via Cold Fusion Reactions in Deuterium Gas Loaded Palladium, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. B 4.

First Author: Krishnan, M. S.
All Authors: Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Nagvenkar, V. B., Sadhukhan, H. K.
Keywords: tritium

After the first announcement reporting the observation of cold fusion further evidence supporting the same has appeared in scientific literature although many other groups have failed to obtain positive results. Palladium and titanium loaded electrolytically and titanium loaded directly with deuterium gas have been reported to emit neutrons. Interestingly gas loading experiments involving Pd-D have not been reported so far. Such experiments were therefore conducted recently in our group. Tritium measurements in gas loaded Pd-D targets have been carried out. The present paper summarises the results obtained so far to ascertain whether cold fusion reactions occur in gas loaded Pd targets also.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrishnanMSevidencefo.pdf


447. Krishnan, M.S., et al., Observation Of Cold Fusion In A Ti-SS Electrochemical Cell, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 3.

First Author: Krishnan, M. S.
All Authors: Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Nayar, M. G., Shyam, A., Sikka, S. K.
Keywords: Ti D2O, loading, neutron

Since the two communications reporting the occurrence of cold fusion, experiments had been initiated in a number of laboratories to study the electrolysis of D2O with palladium (Pd) as cathode. In a few cases titanium (Ti) has also been used as cathode. Ti is a material of interest as it can form deuteride up to the composition of TiD2 (against 0.6 in case of Pd). Further Ti is more easily available and cheaper in our country. Three groups have reported the use of Ti as the cathode material in their electrolytic experiments. Meanwhile in an interesting paper use of Ti in deuterium gas loading experiments has been reported wherein occurrence of neutron bursts under non-equilibrium conditions was observed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrishnanMSobservatio.pdf


448. Krishnan, M.S., et al., Cold Fusion Experiments Using a Commercial Pd-Ni Electrolyser, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 1.

First Author: Krishnan, M. S.
All Authors: Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Srinivasan, M., Sikka, S. K., Shyam, A., Chitra, V., Iyengar, T. S., Iyengar, P. K.
Keywords: neutron, tritium, Pd,

The first reports of observation of 'Cold Fusion' during the electrolysis of heavy water using Pd cathodes, resulted in frantic attempts in several laboratories of the world to duplicate these experiments and if possible improve upon them. Electrolytic cold fusion investigations were initiated at Trombay in the first week of April '89 as a collaborative effort between the Heavy Water and Neutron Physics Divisions of BARC. A commercial (Milton Roy) diffusion type Pd-Ag cathode/ Ni anode hydrogen generator which was readily available was employed for this purpose, after loading NaOD as electrolyte in place of the original NaOH. This paper gives details of the electrolyser characteristics, conditions of operation and the neutron and tritium measurements.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrishnanMScoldfusion.pdf


449. Krishnan, M.S., S.K. Malhotra, and H.K. Sadhukhan, Material Balance of Tritium in the Electrolysis of Heavy Water, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 10.

First Author: Krishnan, M. S.
All Authors: Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Sadhukhan, H. K.
Keywords: tritium,


450. Kumar, N., Cold fusion: is there a solid state effect? Curr. Sci., 1989. 58: p. 833.

First Author: Kumar, N.
All Authors: Kumar, N.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


451. Kuss, H.M., Die elektrochemische Kernfusion bleibt unbewiesen! ("Electrochemical nuclear fusion still unproven!"). Chem. Labor Betr., 1989. 40: p. 353 [in German].

First Author: Kuss, H. M.
All Authors: Kuss, H. M.
Keywords: Review


452. Kuzmann, E., et al., Investigation on the possibility of cold nuclear fusion in Fe-Zr amorphous alloy. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1989. 137(4): p. 243.

First Author: Kuzmann, E.
All Authors: Kuzmann, E., Varsanyi, M., Korecz, L., Vertes, A., Masumoto, T., Deak, F., Kiss, A., Kiss, L.
Keywords: electrolysis, Fe-Zr, neutron, Mossbauer, gamma emission, D2O


453. Lam, P.K. and R. Yu, Comment on 'Cold fusion: How close can deuterium atoms get inside palladium?'. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1989. 63: p. 1895.

First Author: Lam, P. K.
All Authors: Lam, P. K., Yu, R.
Keywords: Polemic, critique


454. Langanke, K., Potential of a deuterium molecule trapped in an external field of screened point charges with fcc-symmetry. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 3: p. 1031.

First Author: Langanke, K.
All Authors: Langanke, K.
Keywords: Theory, screening


455. Langanke, K., H.J. Assenbaum, and C. Rolfs, Screening corrections in cold deuterium fusion rates. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1989. 333: p. 317.

First Author: Langanke, K.
All Authors: Langanke, K., Assenbaum, H. J., Rolfs, C.
Keywords: Theory, screening


456. Langmuir, I., Pathological Science. Physics Today, 1989. October: p. 36.

First Author: Langmuir, I.
All Authors: Langmuir, I.
Keywords: critique


457. LANL. Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Santa Fe, NM: Los Alamos National Laboratory.

First Author: LANL
All Authors: LANL
Keywords:

Program Committee, Agenda and Abstracts

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LANLworkshopon.pdf


458. Leary, W.E., Recent Tests Said To Justify More Cold Fusion Research, in The New York Times. 1989: NYEditor. p. 10.

First Author: Leary, W. E.
All Authors: Leary, W. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


459. Lee, A.R. and T.M. Kalotas, On the feasibility of cold fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 102(4): p. 1177.

First Author: Lee, A. R.
All Authors: Lee, A. R., Kalotas, T. M.
Keywords: Theory, screening


460. Leggett, A.J. and G. Baym, Exact upper bounds on barrier penetration probabilities in many-body systems: application to 'cold fusion'. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1989. 63(2): p. 191.

First Author: Leggett, A. J.
All Authors: Leggett, A. J., Baym, G.
Keywords: Theory, tunneling


461. Leggett, A.J. and G. Baym, Can solid-state effects enhance the cold-fusion rate? Nature (London), 1989. 340: p. 45.

First Author: Leggett, A. J.
All Authors: Leggett, A. J., Baym, G.
Keywords: Theory, Born-Oppenheimer


462. Levi, B.G., Doubts Grow as Many Attempts at Cold Fusion Fail. Physics Today, 1989. June: p. 17.

First Author: Levi, B. G.
All Authors: Levi, B. G.
Keywords: history, review


463. Lewins, J.D., The fusion trail goes cold. Nucl. Eng. (Inst. Nucl. Eng.), 1989. 30: p. 6.

First Author: Lewins, J. D.
All Authors: Lewins, J. D.
Keywords: history, discussion


464. Lewis, N.S., et al., Searches for low-temperature nuclear fusion of deuterium in palladium. Nature (London), 1989. 340(6234): p. 525.

First Author: Lewis, N. S.
All Authors: Lewis, N. S., Barnes, C. A., Heben, M. J., Kumar, A., Lunt, S. R., McManis, G. E., Miskelly, G. M., Penner, R. M., Sailor, M. J., Santangelo, P. G., Shreve, G. A., Tufts, .B. J., Youngquist, M. G., Kavanagh, R. W., Kellogg, S. E., Vogelaar, R. B., Wang, T. R., Kondrat, R., New, R.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat-, neutron-, gamma emission tritium-, helium electrolysis


465. Lindley, D., Does commercial pressure make for bad science? The World & I, 1989: p. 513.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history, critique


466. Lindley, D., Double Blow for Cold Nuclear Fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 567.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history


467. Lindley, D., Cold Fusion Gathering is Incentive to Collaborate. Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 325.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history


468. Lindley, D., Noncommittal Outcome. Nature (London), 1989. 341: p. 679.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history


469. Lindley, D., No Evidence for Neutrons at Yale/BYU. Nature (London), 1989. 342: p. 106.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history, neutron


470. Lindley, D., Official Thumbs Down. Nature (London), 1989. 342: p. 215.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history


471. Lipson, A.G., et al., Anomalous beta activity of products of mechanical working of a titanium- deuterated material. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1989. 15(10): p. 783.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: fractofusion, Ti, ball mill, tritium


472. Lipson, A.G., et al., Deuterium-deuterium fusion initiation by friction in the system titanium- deuterated polymer. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1989. 15(17): p. 26 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Toporov, Yu. P., Deryagin, B. V., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: friction, Ti, D2O, neutron, fractofusion


473. Lipson, A.G., et al., Neutron emission during the mechanical treatment of titanium in the presence of deuterated substances. JETP, 1989. 49(11): p. 675.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Sakov, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P.
Keywords: Ti, neutron, fractofusion


474. Liu, F., et al., Nature of short range interaction between deuterium atoms in palladium. Solid State Commun., 1989. 72: p. 891.

First Author: Liu, F.
All Authors: Liu, F., Rao, B. K., Khanna, S. N., Jena, P.
Keywords: theory, distance


475. Lo, S.Y., Enhancement of nuclear fusion in a strongly coupled cold plasma. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 3(16): p. 1207.

First Author: Lo, S. Y.
All Authors: Lo, S. Y.
Keywords: theory, plasma screening


476. Lohr, L.L., Electronic structure of palladium clusters: implications for cold fusion. J. Phys. Chem., 1989. 93: p. 4697.

First Author: Lohr, L. L.
All Authors: Lohr, L. L.
Keywords: theory, Pd, D, distance


477. Lomovskii, O.I., A.F. Eremin, and V.V. Boldyrev, Isotope heat effect in reactions with libreration of hydrogen on palladium catalytic particles. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 309: p. 879 (In Russian).

First Author: Lomovskii, O. I.
All Authors: Lomovskii, O. I., Eremin, A. F., Boldyrev, V. V.
Keywords: chemical, heat, Pd


478. Maddox, J., End of Cold Fusion in Sight. Nature (London), 1989. 340: p. 15.

First Author: Maddox, J.
All Authors: Maddox, J.
Keywords: history


479. Malhotra, S.K., M.S. Krishnan, and H.K. Sadhukhan, Material Balance of Tritium in Electrolysis of Heavy Water. 1989.

First Author: Malhotra, S. K.
All Authors: Malhotra, S. K., Krishnan, M. S., Sadhukhan, H. K.
Keywords: D2O, separation, tritium,


480. Mallove, E., MIT Urgent Media Advisory. 1989.

First Author: Mallove, E.
All Authors: Mallove, E.
Keywords: history


481. Marinelli, M., et al., Heat release from deuterated titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi5) on exposure to the air. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 102: p. 959.

First Author: Marinelli, M.
All Authors: Marinelli, M., Morpurgo, G., Vitale, S., Olcese, G. L.
Keywords: Ti-Fe, D2, x-ray, negative


482. Mathews, C.K., et al., On the possibility of nuclear fusion by the electrolysis of heavy water. Indian J. Technol., 1989. 27: p. 229.

First Author: Mathews, C. K.
All Authors: Mathews, C. K., Periaswami, G., Srinivas, K. C., Gnanasekaran, T., Babu, S. R., Ramesh, C., Thiyagarajan, B.
Keywords: electrolysis, heat+, titanium, Pd, D2O, gamma emission, H2O, neutron


483. Matsumoto, T., 'Nattoh' model for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 532.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Nattoh, theory deuteron cluster


484. Mazitov, R.K., On the detection of cold nuclear fusion. Koord. Khim., 1989. 15(9): p. 1294 (in Russian).

First Author: Mazitov, R. K.
All Authors: Mazitov, R. K.
Keywords: critique


485. Mazitov, R.K., Possibility of nuclear transformation in chemical reactions. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 307: p. 1158 (in Russian).

First Author: Mazitov, R. K.
All Authors: Mazitov, R. K.
Keywords: theory, distance, heavy fermion


486. McCevoy, A.J. and C.T.D. O'Sullivan, Cold fusion: what's going on? Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 711.

First Author: McCevoy, A. J.
All Authors: McCevoy, A. J., O'Sullivan, C. T. D.
Keywords: theory, muon


487. McDonald, K.A., Energy Department Panel Remains Unconvinced by New Claims of Room-Temperature Fusion. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 1989: p. A1.

First Author: McDonald, K. A.
All Authors: McDonald, K. A.
Keywords: history


488. McKibben, J.L., Can particles having both fractional electric charge and color charge with 1/r2 force be in existence since the big bang? 1989.

First Author: McKibben, J. L.
All Authors: McKibben, J. L.
Keywords: theory, quark


489. McKibben, J.L., Evidence for three primordially created particles and can one of them catalyze cold fusion? 1989.

First Author: McKibben, J. L.
All Authors: McKibben, J. L.
Keywords: theory new particle


490. McNally, J.R., On the possibility of a nuclear mass-energy resonance in deuterium + deuterium reactions at low energy. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 237.

First Author: McNally, J. R.
All Authors: McNally, J. R.
Keywords: theory, resonance


491. Mebrahtu, T., et al., Observations on the surface composition of palladium cathodes after D2O electrolysis in LiOD solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 267: p. 351.

First Author: Mebrahtu, T.
All Authors: Mebrahtu, T., Rodriguez, J. F., Bothwell, M. E., Cheng, I. F., Lawson, D. R., McBride, J. R., Martin, C. R., Soriaga, M. P.
Keywords: surface analysis, electrolysis, Pd, loading, D2O


492. Menlove, H.O., et al. Measurement of Neutron Emission From Cylinders Containing Titanium With Pressurized Deuterium Gas. in Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Santa Fe, NM.

First Author: Menlove, H. O.
All Authors: Menlove, H. O., Fowler, M. M., Garcia, E., Mayer, A., Miller, M. C., Ryan, R. R.
Keywords: titanium D2, Pd, neutron


493. Mintmire, J.W., et al., Chemical forces associated with deuterium confinement in palladium. Phys. Lett. A, 1989. 138(1,2): p. 51.

First Author: Mintmire, J. W.
All Authors: Mintmire, J. W., Dunlap, B. I., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Ladouceur, H. D., Schmidt, P. P., White, C. T., O'Grady, W. E.
Keywords: theory, distance


494. Miskelly, G.M., et al., Analysis of the published calorimetric evidence for electrochemical fusion of deuterium in palladium. Science, 1989. 246: p. 793.

First Author: Miskelly, G. M.
All Authors: Miskelly, G. M., Heben, M. J., Kumar, A., Penner, R. M., Sailor, M. J., Lewis, N. S.
Keywords: review, critique, Fleischmann


495. Mizuno, T., T. Akimoto, and N. Sato, Neutron evolution from annealed palladium cathode in LiOD-D2O solution. Denki Kagaku, 1989. 57: p. 742.

First Author: Mizuno, T.
All Authors: Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Sato, N.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron


496. Moir, R.W., Application of Muon-Catalyzed Fusion in Metal Hydrides For Isotope Production. 1989: Los Alamod.

First Author: Moir, R. W.
All Authors: Moir, R. W.
Keywords: theory,


497. Morrison, D.R.O., A view from CERN. Physics World, 1989. 2: p. 17.

First Author: Morrison, D. R. O.
All Authors: Morrison, D. R. O.
Keywords: critique, review


498. Mueller, D. and L.R. Grisham, Nuclear reactions products that would appear if substantial cold fusion occurred. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 379.

First Author: Mueller, D.
All Authors: Mueller, D., Grisham, L. R.
Keywords: theory, nuclear reaction, energy, review


499. Murthy, T.S., et al., Tritium Analysis of Samples Obtained from Various Electrolysis Experiments at BARC, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 9.

First Author: Murthy, T. S.
All Authors: Murthy, T. S., Iyengar, T. S., Sen, B. K., Joseph, T. B.
Keywords: tritium

The report summarises the methodology and techniques adopted for the determination of tritium content in various samples obtained during the initial sets of experiments conducted at Trombay in connection with studies on the feasibility of Cold Fusion'.

The analyses were carried out at the Isotope Division and Health Physics Division.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MurthyTStritiumana.pdf


500. Myers, S.M., et al., Ion-Beam Studies of Hydrogen-Metal Interactions. J. Nucl. Mater., 1989. 165: p. 9.

First Author: Myers, S. M.
All Authors: Myers, S. M., Richards, P. M., Wampler, W. R., Besenbacher, F.
Keywords: review, ion implantation


501. Nayar, M.G., et al., Preliminary Results Of Cold Fusion Studies Using A Five Module High Current Electrolytic Cell, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 2.

First Author: Nayar, M. G.
All Authors: Nayar, M. G., Mitra, S. K., Raghunathan, P., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Sikka, S. K., Shyam, A., Chitra, V.
Keywords: neutron, tritium, Pd,

Introduction In their first cold fusion paper Fleischmann et al. suggested that an electrolytic cell with large volume and surface area and high current density may cause fusion reactions resulting in the production of significant amounts of heat and nuclear particles. The experiments reported in this paper present the results of our early efforts to design and operate a high current modular Pd-Ni electrolytic cell and look for cold fusion reactions.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NayarMGpreliminar.pdf


502. Nordemann, D.J.R., Cold fusion and geophysics: the current situation. Mineracao Metalurgia, 1989. 53: p. 51 (in Portuguese).

First Author: Nordemann, D. J. R.
All Authors: Nordemann, D. J. R.
Keywords: review, critique


503. Nordlander, P., et al., Multiple deuterium occupancy of vacancies in Pd and related metals. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40: p. 1990.

First Author: Nordlander, P.
All Authors: Nordlander, P., Noerskov, J. K., Besenbacher, F., Myers, S. M.
Keywords: Pd, H, D, vacancy, theory, structure, PdD, distance


504. Nygren, L.A. and R.G. Leisure, Hydrogen hopping rates and hydrogen-hydrogen interactions in PdHx. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 11: p. 7611.

First Author: Nygren, L. A.
All Authors: Nygren, L. A., Leisure, R. G.
Keywords: Pd, H, interaction, diffusion


505. Ohashi, H. and T. Morozumi, Decoding of thermal data in Fleischmann & Pons paper. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1989. 26(7): p. 729.

First Author: Ohashi, H.
All Authors: Ohashi, H., Morozumi, T.
Keywords: critique, Fleischmann


506. Ohms, D., D. Rahner, and K. Wiesener, Kernfusion in einer Elektrolysezelle?" ("Nuclear fusion in an electrolysis cell?"). Mitteilungsblatt - Chem. Ges. DDR, 1989. 36: p. 151 (in German).

First Author: Ohms, D.
All Authors: Ohms, D., Rahner, D., Wiesener, K.
Keywords: Review, electrolysis, Pd, heat, neutron, critique, Fleischmann


507. Ohta, T., Is cold fusion possible? A proposal of the concept of "surfusion. Hyomen Kagaku, 1989. 10(11): p. 896 (in Japanese).

First Author: Ohta, T.
All Authors: Ohta, T.
Keywords: Review


508. Oka, Y., S. Koshizuka, and S. Kondo, Electrochemically induced deuterium-tritium fusion power reactor - preliminary design of a reactor system. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 260.

First Author: Oka, Y.
All Authors: Oka, Y., Koshizuka, S., Kondo, S.
Keywords: method, electrolysis


509. Oka, Y., S. Koshizuka, and S. Kondo, D2O-fueled fusion power reactor using electrochemically induced deuterium-deuterium D-Dn, D-Dp and deuterium-tritium reactions - preliminary design of a reactor system. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 263.

First Author: Oka, Y.
All Authors: Oka, Y., Koshizuka, S., Kondo, S.
Keywords: heat, method


510. Packham, N.J.C., et al., Production of tritium from D2O electrolysis at a palladium cathode. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 270: p. 451.

First Author: Packham, N. J. C.
All Authors: Packham, N. J. C., Wolf, K. L., Wass, J. C., Kainthla, R. C., Bockris, J.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, tritium, D2O

INTRODUCTION

In the present communication, we report data that may be relevant to the phenomenon of room temperature fusion. It is the contention of the authors that the alleged phenomenon is better characterized by the production of nuclear particles than by the measurement of bursts of heat. Here, we describe the observation of tritium produced in eleven D2O electrolysis cells at levels 10^2-10^5 times above that expected from the normal isotopic enrichment of electrolysis. Particular attention has been paid to possible sources of contamination.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PackhamNJCproduction.pdf


511. Paolo, P., Cold fusion: what's going on? Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 711.

First Author: Paolo, P.
All Authors: Paolo, P.
Keywords: theory


512. Park, R.L., The Cold Fusion Story Has Been an Object Lesson on Why Science Flourishes Only in the Open. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 1989: p. A44.

First Author: Park, R. L.
All Authors: Park, R. L.
Keywords: history, critique, Fleischmann


513. Park, Y.W., et al., The observation of 2.2 MeV gamma-rays in an electrochemical cell. Sae Mulli, 1989. 29: p. 231.

First Author: Park, Y. W.
All Authors: Park, Y. W., Yoon, C. O., Yoon, M. Y., Kim, J. C.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd, Titanium, neutron, gamma emission


514. Parmenter, R.H. and W.E. Lamb, Cold fusion in metals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1989. 86: p. 8614.

First Author: Parmenter, R. H.
All Authors: Parmenter, R. H., Lamb, W. E.
Keywords: theory, jellium


515. Parmigiani, F. and P.G. Sona, Theoretical considerations on the cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, 1989. 11(6): p. 913.

First Author: Parmigiani, F.
All Authors: Parmigiani, F., Sona, P. G.
Keywords: theory, heavy electron


516. Pauling, L., Explanations of cold fusion" (section editor's title). Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 105.

First Author: Pauling, L.
All Authors: Pauling, L.
Keywords: PdD2, phase diagram, theory, structure


517. Peat, F.D., Cold fusion: The making of a scientific controversy. 1989: Contempory Books.

First Author: Peat, F. D.
All Authors: Peat, F. D.
Keywords: history, book,


518. Perfetti, P., et al., Neutron emission under particular nonequilibrium conditions from palladium and titanium electrolytically charged with deuterium. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, 1989. 11(6): p. 921.

First Author: Perfetti, P.
All Authors: Perfetti, P., Cilloco, F., Felici, R., Capozi, M., Ippoliti, A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, titanium, D2O, neutron, PdD, heat+, fractofusion


519. Peroni, P., Cold fusion: what's going on? (Letters to the Editor). Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 711.

First Author: Peroni, P.
All Authors: Peroni, P.
Keywords: critique, theory


520. Petelenz, P., Hypothetical D-D bound states in solid palladium. Acta Phys. Pol. A, 1989. 75: p. 929.

First Author: Petelenz, P.
All Authors: Petelenz, P.
Keywords: theory, distance


521. Petit, C., Fusion Fever in Utah --State Aches With Pride, in Salt Lake City Chronicle. 1989: Salt Lake CityEditor.

First Author: Petit, C.
All Authors: Petit, C.
Keywords: history, newspaper


522. Petrasso, R.D., et al., Problems with the gamma-ray spectrum in the Fleischmann et al experiments. Nature (London), 1989. 339(6221): p. 667.

First Author: Petrasso, R. D.
All Authors: Petrasso, R. D., Chen, X., Wenzel, K. W., Parker, R. R., Li, C. K., Fiore, C.
Keywords: critique Fleischmann, gamma emission


523. Petrasso, R.D., et al., Measurement of g-Rays from Cold Fusion. Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 667.

First Author: Petrasso, R. D.
All Authors: Petrasso, R. D., Chen, X., Wenzel, K. W., Parker, R. R., Li, C. K., Fiore, C.
Keywords: gamma emission, Pd, D2O, history, Fleischmann


524. Petrillo, C. and F. Sacchetti, A possible mechanism for bulk cold fusion in transition metal hydrides. Europhys. Lett., 1989. 10: p. 15.

First Author: Petrillo, C.
All Authors: Petrillo, C., Sacchetti, F.
Keywords: theory, phase change


525. Picasso, L.E., Fusione: Fredda o calda?" (Fusion; cold or hot?). Accaio Inossid., 1989. 56(2): p. 5 (in Italian).

First Author: Picasso, L. E.
All Authors: Picasso, L. E.
Keywords: review


526. Pons, S. and M. Fleischmann, Some Comments on the History of the Field. 1989.

First Author: Pons, S.
All Authors: Pons, S., Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: history


527. Pool, R., Teller, Chu Boost Cold Fusion. Science, 1989.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: history


528. Pool, R., Fusion Breakthrough? Science, 1989. 244: p. 1661.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: history


529. Pool, R., Fusion Followup : Confusion Abounds. Science, 1989. 244: p. 27.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: history


530. Pool, R., Skepticism Grows Over Cold Fusion. Science, 1989. 244: p. 285.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: history


531. Pool, R., Brookhaven Chemists Find New Fusion Method. Science, 1989. 245: p. 1448.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: cluster, D2O, ion bombardment


532. Pool, R., Will New Evidence Support Cold Fusion ? AND Teller,Chu Boost Cold Fusion. Science, 1989. 246: p. 206, 449.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: history, conference


533. Pool, R. and M. Crawford, How Cold Fusion Happened- Twice ! Science, 1989. 244: p. 423.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R., Crawford, M.
Keywords: history, newspaper


534. Pratt, L.R. and J. Eckert, Molecular Dynamics of a Dilute Solution of Hydrogen in Palladium. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 39(18): p. 13170.

First Author: Pratt, L. R.
All Authors: Pratt, L. R., Eckert, J.
Keywords: Pd, H, theory, vibration


535. Prelas, M.A., Advanced energy conversion methods for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 240.

First Author: Prelas, M. A.
All Authors: Prelas, M. A.
Keywords: discussion


536. Premuda, F., Cold fusion: what's going on? (section editor's title). Nature (London), 1989. 338: p. 712.

First Author: Premuda, F.
All Authors: Premuda, F.
Keywords: theory


537. Press, A., LANL Confirms Cold Fusion Tritium -and- Lab Hasn't Confirmed Cold Fusion, in Monitor. 1989.

First Author: Press, A.
All Authors: Press, A.
Keywords: history, newspaper


538. Price, P.B., et al., Search for energetic-charged-particle emission from deuterated Ti and Pd foils. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1989. 63(18): p. 1926.

First Author: Price, P. B.
All Authors: Price, P. B., Barwick, S. W., Williams, W. T., Porter, J. D.
Keywords: Pd, titanium, D2, particle emission, CR-39


539. Rabinowitz, M., A theoretical framework for cold fusion mechanisms. IEEE Power Eng. Rev., 1989(November): p. 9.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory


540. Radhakrishnan, T.P., et al., Search for Electrochemically Catalysed Fusion of Deuterons in Metal Lattice, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 5.

First Author: Radhakrishnan, T. P.
All Authors: Radhakrishnan, T. P., Sundaresan, R., Arunachalam, J., SitaramaRaju, V., Kalyanaraman, R., Gangadharan, S., Iyengar, P. K.
Keywords: Excess heat,


541. Radhakrishnan, T.P., et al., Tritium Generation during Electrolysis Experiment, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 6.

First Author: Radhakrishnan, T. P.
All Authors: Radhakrishnan, T. P., Sundaresan, R., Gangadharan, S., Sen, B. K., Murthy, T. S.
Keywords: tritium

In continuation of the earlier R&D work carried out in connection with the investigations for electrochemically induced fusion of deuterons using palladium cathode and platinum anode, a series of experiments was carried out.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Radhakrishtritiumgen.pdf


542. Rafelski, J., et al., Limits on Cold Fusion in Condensed Matter: A Parametric Study. 1989.

First Author: Rafelski, J.
All Authors: Rafelski, J., Gajda, M., Harley, D., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, theory,


543. Ragheb, M. and G.H. Miley, On the possibility of deuteron disintegration in electrochemically compressed deuterium ion (D+) in a palladium cathode. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 243.

First Author: Ragheb, M.
All Authors: Ragheb, M., Miley, G. H.
Keywords: theory, Oppenheimer-Phillips


544. Raj, P., et al., Search for Nuclear Fusion in Gas Phase Deuteriding of Titanium Metal, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. B 1.

First Author: Raj, P.
All Authors: Raj, P., Suryanarayana, P., Sathyamoorthy, A., Datta, T.
Keywords: Ti, neutron, D2

The possibility of D-D nuclear fusion in some deuterium-metal systems, under ambient conditions, has aroused feverish worldwide interest. Most of the work reported, so far, concerns deuterium charging of Pd metal through electrolysis of D2O. In the Chemistry Division, we have carried out some experiments on the deuteriding behaviour of Ti metal, through gaseous route, in the absorption as well as desorption modes, with the view to look for the fusion products, neutrons in the present case. These kinds of experiments have been reported by Frascatti Group in Italy. These authors detected neutron emission lasting over a period of several hours.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RajPsearchforn.pdf


545. Rajagopalan, S.R., Cold fusion produces more tritium than neutrons. Curr. Sci., 1989. 58: p. 1059.

First Author: Rajagopalan, S. R.
All Authors: Rajagopalan, S. R.
Keywords: theory, review


546. Rangarajan, S.K., Electrochemically induced cold fusion? A commentary. Curr. Sci., 1989. 58: p. 598.

First Author: Rangarajan, S. K.
All Authors: Rangarajan, S. K.
Keywords: discussion


547. Rao, K.A., Technique for Concentration of Helium in Electrolytic Gases for Cold Fusion Studies, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 11.

First Author: Rao, K. A.
All Authors: Rao, K. A.
Keywords: Helium,


548. Ratkje, S.K. and B. Hafskjold, Local heat effects by electrolysis of heavy water. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1989. 273: p. 269.

First Author: Ratkje, S. K.
All Authors: Ratkje, S. K., Hafskjold, B.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, critique


549. Rice, R.A., et al., The Effect of Velocity Distribution on Cold Deuterium-Deuterium Fusion. 1989.

First Author: Rice, R. A.
All Authors: Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S., Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J.
Keywords: theory


550. Richards, P.M., Molecular-Dynamics Investigation of Deuterium Separation in PdD1.1. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40(11): p. 7966.

First Author: Richards, P. M.
All Authors: Richards, P. M.
Keywords: theory, D/Pd, distance, lattice parameter


551. Richards, P.M., Molecular-dynamics investigation of deuteron separation in PdD1.1. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40: p. 7966.

First Author: Richards, P. M.
All Authors: Richards, P. M.
Keywords: theory, distance


552. Roessler, O.E., et al., Fermi gas like hypothesis for Fleischmann-Pons experiments. Z. Naturforsch. A, 1989. 44: p. 329.

First Author: Roessler, O. E.
All Authors: Roessler, O. E., Becker, J., Hoffmann, M., Nadler, W.
Keywords: theory, Pauli


553. Roessler, O.E., et al., Fermi Gas Like Hypothesis for Fleischmann-Pons Experiment. Z. Nature. A, 1989. 44: p. 329.

First Author: Roessler, O. E.
All Authors: Roessler, O. E., Becker, J., Hoffmann, M., Nadler, W.
Keywords: theory


554. Rogers, V.C. and G.M. Sandquist, Isotopic hydrogen fusion in metals. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 254.

First Author: Rogers, V. C.
All Authors: Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, theory


555. Rogers, V.C., G.M. Sandquist, and K.K. Nielson, Deuterium concentration and cold fusion rate distributions in palladium. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 523.

First Author: Rogers, V. C.
All Authors: Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M., Nielson, K. K.
Keywords: critique, theory, method


556. Rosen, G., Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration. J. Chem. Phys., 1989. 91(7): p. 4415.

First Author: Rosen, G.
All Authors: Rosen, G.
Keywords: theory


557. Ross, K. and S.M. Bennington, Solid state fusion (?). Physics World, 1989. 2: p. 15.

First Author: Ross, K.
All Authors: Ross, K., Bennington, S. M.
Keywords: review


558. Rout, R.K., M. Srinivasan, and A. Shyam, Autoradiography of Deuterated Ti and Pd Targets for Spatially Resolved Detection of Tritium Produced by Cold Fusion, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. B 3.

First Author: Rout, R. K.
All Authors: Rout, R. K., Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A.
Keywords: Ti, autoradiograph, x-ray

Introduction For the last few months, hectic activity has been underway in various laboratories to study the Cold Fusion phenomenon. De Ninno et al. reported emission of neutrons from titanium metal loaded with deuterium gas under pressure. Similar experiments have been conducted at Trombay. We report here evidence of cold fusion in D2 gas loaded Ti and Pd targets through the use of autoradiography for spatially resolved detection of tritium. Our study employed three different techniques to observe tritium:

(i) Autoradiography using X-ray films.

(ii) Characteristic X-ray measurement of titanium, excited by the tritium β.

(iii) Liquid scintillation method for tritium β counting.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKautoradiog.pdf


559. Rusov, V.D., et al., Fast neutron recording by dielectric track detectors in a palladium-deuterated-tritated water system in an electrolytic cell. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1989. 15(19): p. 9 (In Russian).

First Author: Rusov, V. D.
All Authors: Rusov, V. D., Zelentsova, T. N., Semenov, M. Yu., Radin, I. V., Babikova, Yu. F., Kruglyak, Yu. A.
Keywords: D2O, T2O, Pd-Ag, electrolysis, CR-39, neutron


560. Ruzic, D.N., K. Schatz, and P.L. Nguyen, A novel apparatus to investigate the possibility of plasma-assisted cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 251.

First Author: Ruzic, D. N.
All Authors: Ruzic, D. N., Schatz, K., Nguyen, P. L.
Keywords: gas discharge, method, Pd, D2


561. Ryan, R.R., et al., Exploration of the Possibility of Fracturing Processes of Metal Deuterides (or Tritides) as a Mechanism for Nuclear Fusion. 1989.

First Author: Ryan, R. R.
All Authors: Ryan, R. R., Garcia, E., Dickinson, J. T., Schmidt, S., Fowler, M., Wilhelmy, J., Voter, A., Agnew, S., Swanson, B.
Keywords: fractofusion, proposal


562. Sanchez, C., et al. Cold Fusion During Electrolysis of Heavy Water With Ti and Pt Electrodes. in Understanding Cold Fusion Phenomena. 1989. Varenna.

First Author: Sanchez, C.
All Authors: Sanchez, C., Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F., Canizares, J.
Keywords: titanium, D2O, neutron, gamma emission tritium


563. Sanchez, C., et al., Nuclear products detection during electrolysis of heavy water with titanium and platinum electrodes. Solid State Commun., 1989. 71: p. 1039.

First Author: Sanchez, C.
All Authors: Sanchez, C., Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F. J., Canizares, J.
Keywords: gamma emission neutron, tritium, electrolysis, titanium, Pt, D2O, electrolysis


564. Santhanam, K.S.V., et al., Electrochemically initiated cold fusion of deuterium. Indian J. Technol., 1989. 27: p. 175.

First Author: Santhanam, K. S. V.
All Authors: Santhanam, K. S. V., Ragarajan, J., Braganza, O'N., Haram, S. K., Limaye, N. M., Mandal, K. C.
Keywords: titanium electrolysis, heat+, D2O, neutron NaCl Pd


565. Santhanam, K.S.V., et al., Excess enthalpy during electrolysis of D2O. Curr. Sci., 1989. 58: p. 1139.

First Author: Santhanam, K. S. V.
All Authors: Santhanam, K. S. V., Rangarajan, J., Mandal, K. C., Haram, S. K.
Keywords: heat+, titanium, electrolysis, D2O, H2O


566. Sastry, K.S.R., Fusion reaction. Science, 1989. 244: p. 904 (Letters).

First Author: Sastry, K. S. R.
All Authors: Sastry, K. S. R.
Keywords: energy, nuclear reaction


567. Scalia, A., The Nuclear Fusion for the Reactions 2H (d,n) 3He, 2H (d,p) 3H, 3H (d,n) 4 He. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 101(5): p. 795.

First Author: Scalia, A.
All Authors: Scalia, A.
Keywords: theory, fusion Rate


568. Schirber, J.E., et al., Search for cold fusion in high-pressure deuterium-loaded titanium and palladium metal and deuteride. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 397.

First Author: Schirber, J. E.
All Authors: Schirber, J. E., Butler, M. A., Ginley, D. S., Ewing, R. I.
Keywords: titanium, Pd, D2, neutron


569. Schneider, J.H., How a rectangular potential in Schroedinger's equation could explain some experimental results on cold nuclear fusion. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 377.

First Author: Schneider, J. H.
All Authors: Schneider, J. H.
Keywords: Theory, tunneling


570. Schommers, W. and C. Politis, Cold fusion in condensed matter: is a theoretical description in terms of usual solid state physics possible? Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 3(8): p. 597.

First Author: Schommers, W.
All Authors: Schommers, W., Politis, C.
Keywords: theory


571. Schrieder, G., H. Wipf, and A. Richter, Search for cold nuclear fusion in palladium-deuterium. Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, 1989. 76: p. 141.

First Author: Schrieder, G.
All Authors: Schrieder, G., Wipf, H., Richter, A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, particle emission


572. Schultze, J.W., et al., Prospects and problems of electrochemically induced cold nuclear fusion. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34: p. 1289.

First Author: Schultze, J. W.
All Authors: Schultze, J. W., Koenig, U., Hochfeld, A., Van Calker, C., Kies, W.
Keywords: review, critique, history


573. Scott, C.D., et al., A preliminary investigation of cold fusion by electrolysis of heavy water. 1989: Oak Ridge.

First Author: Scott, C. D.
All Authors: Scott, C. D., Mrochek, J. E., Newman, E., Scott, T. C., Michaels, G. E., Petek, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma, heat, tritium+, electrolysis


574. Seeliger, D., et al., Search for DD-fusion neutrons during heavy water electrolysis. Electrochim. Acta, 1989. 34(7): p. 991.

First Author: Seeliger, D.
All Authors: Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Meister, A., Marten, H., Ohms, D., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Wuestner, P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, heat-, energy


575. Segre, S.E., et al., A Search for Neutron Emission from Deuterated Palladium. 1989.

First Author: Segre, S. E.
All Authors: Segre, S. E., Batistoni, P., Bertalot, L., Bettinali, L., Martone, M.
Keywords: neutron, Pd,


576. Seitz, R., Fusion in from the cold?" (section editor's title). Nature (London), 1989. 339: p. 185.

First Author: Seitz, R.
All Authors: Seitz, R.
Keywords: theory


577. Service, A.W., New Tomorrow Dawns As LANL Confirms Cold Fusion, in The New Mexican. 1989: Santa FeEditor.

First Author: Service, A. W.
All Authors: Service, A. W.
Keywords: history, newspaper


578. Shani, G., et al., Evidence for a background neutron enhanced fusion in deuterium absorbed palladium. Solid State Commun., 1989. 72(1): p. 53.

First Author: Shani, G.
All Authors: Shani, G., Cohen, C., Grayevsky, A., Brokman, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2, neutron, application, enhanced fusion


579. Shapovalov, V.L., Test for additional heat evolution in electrolysis of heavy water with palladium cathode. JETP, 1989. 50: p. 117.

First Author: Shapovalov, V. L.
All Authors: Shapovalov, V. L.
Keywords: heat-, D2O, H2O, electrolysis, Pd


580. Shaw, G.L., et al., Scenario for cold fusion by free quark catalysis. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1989. 102: p. 1441.

First Author: Shaw, G. L.
All Authors: Shaw, G. L., Shin, M., Bland, R. W., Fonda, L., Matis, H. S., Pugh, H. G., Slansky, R.
Keywords: theory, quark


581. Shibab-Eldin, A.A., et al., Cold fusion: effects of possible narrow nuclear resonance. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1989. 3: p. 965.

First Author: Shibab-Eldin, A. A.
All Authors: Shibab-Eldin, A. A., Rasmussen, J. O., Justice, M., Stoyer, M. A.
Keywords: theory


582. Shimamura, I., Intramolecular nuclear fusion in hydrogen-isotope molecules. Prog. Theor. Phys., 1989. 82: p. 304.

First Author: Shimamura, I.
All Authors: Shimamura, I.
Keywords: theory, Born-Oppenheimer, p-d fusion


583. Shrikhande, V.K. and K.C. Mittal, Deuteration of Machined Titanium Targets for Cold Fusion Experiments, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. B 2.

First Author: Shrikhande, V. K.
All Authors: Shrikhande, V. K., Mittal, K. C.
Keywords: Ti, loading

Cold fusion experiments were initiated with solid targets made from titanium loaded with deuterium gas on receipt of reports of the successful Frascati experiments1. The absorption of deuterium by Ti is a reversible process and when titanium is heated in a deuterium atmosphere, the reaction will continue until the concentration of deuterium in the metal attains an equilibrium value. This equilibrium value depends on the specimen temperature and the pressure of the surrounding deuterium atmosphere. Any imposed temperature or pressure change causes rejection or absorption of deuterium until a new equilibrium state is achieved. If the surface of titanium is clean, the rate of absorption increases rapidly with temperature. At temperatures above 500C, the equilibrium is achieved in a matter of a few seconds. However deuterium absorption is considerably reduced if the surface of Ti is contaminated with oxygen. Keeping in view these facts, a procedure was evolved for titanium target preparation and subsequent deuteration. The following sections describe the details of preparation of the targets, their chemical cleaning and degassing followed by deuteration process.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Shrikhandedeuteratio.pdf


584. Shyam, A., et al., Multiplicity Distribution of Neutron Emission in Cold Fusion Experiments, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. A 4.

First Author: Shyam, A.
All Authors: Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Degwekar, S. B., Kulkarni, L. V.
Keywords: neutron, tritium, Pd, D,


585. Sinha, B., et al., Observations of neutron bursts in electrolysis of heavy water. Indian J. Technol., 1989. 27: p. 275.

First Author: Sinha, B.
All Authors: Sinha, B., Viyogi, Y. P., Chattopadhyaya, S., Mazumdar, M. R. D., Murthy, G. S. N., Muthukrishnan, G., Bandyopadhyaya, T., Trivedi, M. D., Ghosh, D., Srivastava, D. K., Sen, P.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd, titanium, D2O, neutron gamma emission, heat- NaCl


586. Sioda, R.E., Heat effects during room-temperature electrolysis of deuterium oxide. Bull. Electrochem., 1989. 5(12): p. 902.

First Author: Sioda, R. E.
All Authors: Sioda, R. E.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pt, D2O, heat, method


587. Slanina, Z., Towards molecular-thermodynamic aspects of postulated Pd/D low-temperature nuclear fusion: a useful example of a failure of the conventional translation partition function. Thermochim. Acta, 1989. 156: p. 285.

First Author: Slanina, Z.
All Authors: Slanina, Z.
Keywords: theory


588. Speiser, B. and A. Rieker, Energy from electrochemically induced nuclear fusion? Nachr. Chem. Tech. Lab., 1989. 37: p. 616 (in German).

First Author: Speiser, B.
All Authors: Speiser, B., Rieker, A.
Keywords: critique, heat, Fleischmann


589. Stacey Jr., W.M., Reactor prospects of muon-catalyzed fusion of deuterium and tritium concentrated in transition metals. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 268.

First Author: Stacey Jr., W. M.
All Authors: Stacey Jr., W. M.
Keywords: theory, muon


590. Stiff, D., Theories on Cold Fusion Abound, in The Wall Street Journal. 1989: New YorkEditor. p. B4.

First Author: Stiff, D.
All Authors: Stiff, D.
Keywords: history, newspaper


591. Sun, Z. and D. Tomanek, Cold fusion: how close can deuterium atoms come inside palladium? Phys. Rev. Lett., 1989. 63(1): p. 59.

First Author: Sun, Z.
All Authors: Sun, Z., Tomanek, D.
Keywords: theory, distance


592. Sundqvist, B.U.R., et al., On the observation of charged particles in cold fusion. Phys. Scr., 1989. 40: p. 303.

First Author: Sundqvist, B. U. R.
All Authors: Sundqvist, B. U. R., Haakansson, P., Hedin, A., Bucur, R. V., Johansson, B., Waeppling, R.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, electrolysis, D2O


593. Szalewicz, K., J.D. Morgan, and H.J. Monkhurst, Fusion rates for hydrogen isotopic molecules of relevance for 'cold fusion'. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1989. 40(5): p. 2824.

First Author: Szalewicz, K.
All Authors: Szalewicz, K., Morgan, J. D., Monkhurst, H. J.
Keywords: theory, energy


594. Szklarczyk, M., R.C. Kainthla, and J. Bockris, On the Dielectric Breakdown of Water: An Electrochemical Approach. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1989. 136: p. 2512.

First Author: Szklarczyk, M.
All Authors: Szklarczyk, M., Kainthla, R. C., Bockris, J.
Keywords: H2O, breakdown

The dielectric breakdown of water under static fields has been studied by i-V relation for 6 metals. The relations are quasi-linear up to a current density of a few A/cm^2. The limiting current continues for a few volts to a few hundred volts, depending on the metal. a glow develops at the electrode and becomes continuous at the end of the plateau, where the cd increases irregularly(breakdown). The breakdown potential does not depend on the field in the water. It occurs at about the same cd for most metals. When electrolytes are added, the cell potential at the breakdown is increased. Adsorbed layers and organic coatings increase the breakdown potential. Electrical energy storage in water is increased by ~10 times by coatings. The breakdown potential decreases with increase of the log of rate constant for H evolution on the various electrodes and with corresponding work function. The cell potentials for breakdown correspond to fields in the dielectric below that needed to dissociate it. The limiting current is caused by the formation of a H2-steam layer at the interface, which causes increase in the electrode potential at constant current. The H2-steam layer plasmolyzes. When the Fermi level in the cathode reaches the conduction band of water, electrons enter the water and remain stable therein. They interact nonadiabatically with water and are .the head of streamers. An analogous model holds for holes in the valence band. "Dielectric breakdown" depends on the Fermi level of the electrons in the condenser plate and the semiconductor characteristics of water. It can be eliminated by modifying the electrode surface.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Szklarczykonthediele.pdf


595. Takahashi, A., Opening possibility of deuteron-catalyzed cascade fusion channel in PdD under D2O electrolysis. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1989. 26(5): p. 558.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A.
Keywords: theory


596. Takahashi, Y., Present status and future problems of cold nuclear fusion. Kagaku Kogaku, 1989. 53: p. 608 (In Japanese).

First Author: Takahashi, Y.
All Authors: Takahashi, Y.
Keywords: discussion


597. Takata, N., et al., A preliminary attempt to measure neutrons from cold fusion. Denshi Gijutsu Kenkyusho Iho, 1989. 53: p. 1438 (in Japanese).

First Author: Takata, N.
All Authors: Takata, N., Kaneko, H., Nozaki, K., Sakuta, K., Tanimoto, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron


598. Takeda, T. and T. Takizuka, Fractofusion mechanism. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1989. 58(9): p. 3073.

First Author: Takeda, T.
All Authors: Takeda, T., Takizuka, T.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion


599. Talcott, C.L., et al. Tritium Measurements: Methods, Pitfalls, and Result. in EPRI/NSF Planning Workshop. 1989. Washington, DC.

First Author: Talcott, C. L.
All Authors: Talcott, C. L., Storms, E., Jalbert, R. A., Hoffman, N., David, M. A.
Keywords: tritium, error, method, Pd, D2O, electrolysis


600. Talley, T.L. Nuclear weapon Implications of "Cold" Fusion. in The 7th Biennial Nuclear Design Phys. Conf. 1989. Lawrence Livermore Laboratory.

First Author: Talley, T. L.
All Authors: Talley, T. L.
Keywords: theory, weapon


601. Talley, T.L., Importance of Tritium Experiments. 1989.

First Author: Talley, T. L.
All Authors: Talley, T. L.
Keywords: theory, tritium, fractofusion


602. Taniguchi, R., T. Yamamoto, and S. Irie, Detection of charged particles emitted by electrolytically induced cold nuclear fusion. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, 1989. 28(11): p. L2021.

First Author: Taniguchi, R.
All Authors: Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T., Irie, S.
Keywords: neutron, method, particle emission, Pd, D2O, H2O

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:

We have tried to obtain evidence for electrolytically induced cold nuclear fusion by detecting charged particles associated with the nuclear reaction. Charged particles were detected by a conventional silicon surface barrier detector attached close to the thin foil cathode which formed the bottom of an electrolysis cell. The efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio of this system are higher than those of neutron detection systems, which made it easy to determine whether the fusion occurred or not. The energy spectrum measured with the electrolysis of D2O suggested that the nuclear reaction took place in palladium cathode.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TaniguchiRdetectiono.pdf


603. Timashev, S.F., Possible mechanisms for nuclear-chemical transformations in a palladium matrix during heavy water electrolysis. Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1989. 63: p. 2283 (in Russian).

First Author: Timashev, S. F.
All Authors: Timashev, S. F.
Keywords: theory, dineutron


604. Tomas, P., et al., Deuterium nuclear fusion in metals at room temperature. Fizika (Zagreb), 1989. 21: p. 209.

First Author: Tomas, P.
All Authors: Tomas, P., Blagus, S., Bogovac, M., Hodko, D., Krcmar, M., Miljanic, D., Pravdic, V., Rendic, D., Vajic, M., Vukovic, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, D2O


605. Trower, W.P., Cold Fusion As Seen With X-Ray Vision. Physics Today, 1989. July: p. 13.

First Author: Trower, W. P.
All Authors: Trower, W. P.
Keywords: history


606. Turner, L., Thoughts Unbottled by Cold Fusion. Phys. Today, 1989. Sept.: p. 140.

First Author: Turner, L.
All Authors: Turner, L.
Keywords: theory resonance, tunneling


607. Vaidya, S.N. and Y.S. Mayya, The Role of Combined Electron-Deuteron Screening in D-D Fusion in Metals, in BARC Studies in Cold Fusion, P.K. Iyengar and M. Srinivasan, Editors. 1989, Atomic Energy Commission: Bombay. p. C 3.

First Author: Vaidya, S. N.
All Authors: Vaidya, S. N., Mayya, Y. S.
Keywords: theory,


608. Vaidya, S.N. and Y.S. Mayya, Theory of screening-enhanced D-D fusion in metals. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Lett., Part 2, 1989. 28(12): p. 2258.

First Author: Vaidya, S. N.
All Authors: Vaidya, S. N., Mayya, Y. S.
Keywords: theory, diffusion


609. Vaidya, S.N. and Y.S. Mayya, The role of combined electron-deuteron screening in deuteron-deuteron fusion in metals. Pramana, 1989. 33: p. L343.

First Author: Vaidya, S. N.
All Authors: Vaidya, S. N., Mayya, Y. S.
Keywords: Theory, screening


610. Vaiman, L.A., et al., Observation of reactions in cold fusion during sorption or desorption of deuterium from palladium from the gas phase. Akad. Nauk USSR, Fiz.-Mat. Nauk, 1989(6): p. 62 (in Russian).

First Author: Vaiman, L. A.
All Authors: Vaiman, L. A., Valiev, A. N., Ketko, A. Ya., Kiseleva, E. V., Skorodumov, B. G., Ulanov, V. G., Yatsevich, I. O.
Keywords: Pd, D2, particle emission, neutron


611. Van, J., Scientists Try to Put Chill on Cold Fusion, in Chicago Tribune. 1989: ChicagoEditor.

First Author: Van, J.
All Authors: Van, J.
Keywords: newspaper, conference, history


612. Vaselli, M., et al., Screening effect of impurities in metals: a possible explanation of the process of cold nuclear fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, 1989. 11(6): p. 927.

First Author: Vaselli, M.
All Authors: Vaselli, M., Harith, M. A., Palleschi, V., Salvetti, G., Singh, D. P.
Keywords: theory, screening


613. Vijh, A.K. and A. Belanger, Electrocatalysis of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction by Metals and Silver-Palladium Alloys in Relation to Their Electronic Configuration. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1989. 11: p. 147.

First Author: Vijh, A. K.
All Authors: Vijh, A. K., Belanger, A.
Keywords: Pd, Ag, Pd-Ag, H, theory


614. Wada, N. and K. Nishizawa, Nuclear fusion in solid. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, 1989. 28(11): p. L2017.

First Author: Wada, N.
All Authors: Wada, N., Nishizawa, K.
Keywords: Pd, D2, gas discharge, neutron

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:

Spontaneous neutron emissions were intermittently detected from activated palladium rods well soaked with deuterium gas in a closed glass bulb. By the stimulation of the palladium rods with a high voltage discharge between the rods, a burst of neutron flux 2 10^4 times larger than background was detected. Atoms or molecules of mass number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were found in the residual gas. Nuclear fusion in solid is interpreted in terms of the supersaturation of the solid solution of deuterium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WadaNnuclearfus.pdf


615. Walling, C. and J. Simons, Two innocent chemists look at cold fusion. J. Phys. Chem., 1989. 93: p. 4693.

First Author: Walling, C.
All Authors: Walling, C., Simons, J.
Keywords: theory, heavy electron


616. Wang, X.W., S.G. Louie, and M.L. Cohen, Hydrogen interactions in PdHn (1 <= n <= 4). Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1989. 40(8): p. 5822.

First Author: Wang, X. W.
All Authors: Wang, X. W., Louie, S. G., Cohen, M. L.
Keywords: theory, distance


617. Wenzl, H., Fruitless experiments to prove 'cold nuclear fusion'. Phys. Bl., 1989. 45: p. 408(In German).

First Author: Wenzl, H.
All Authors: Wenzl, H.
Keywords: critique, Fleischmann


618. Werle, H., et al., Trials to induce neutron emission from a titanium-deuterium system. Fusion Technol., 1989. 16: p. 391.

First Author: Werle, H.
All Authors: Werle, H., Fieg, G., Lebkuecher, J., Moeschke, M.
Keywords: titanium D2, neutron


619. Williams, D.E.G., et al., Upper bounds on 'cold fusion' in electrolytic cells. Nature (London), 1989. 342: p. 375.

First Author: Williams, D. E. G.
All Authors: Williams, D. E. G., Findlay, D. J. S., Craston, D. H., Sene, M. R., Bailey, M., Croft, S., Hooton, B. W., Jones, C. P., Kucernak, A. R. J., Mason, J. A., Taylor, R. I.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat, neutron, tritium, critique, Harwell


620. Wolf, K.L., et al. A Search for Neutrons and Gamma Rays Associated with Tritium Production in Deuterated Metals. in NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Metals. 1989. Washington, DC.

First Author: Wolf, K. L.
All Authors: Wolf, K. L., Lawson, D. R., Packham, N. J. C., Wass, J. C.
Keywords: Pd D2O, Tritium neutron, gamma emission


621. Wu, C.K., et al., Experimental observation of lack of room temperature fusion between palladium and heavy water. Hua Hsueh, 1989. 47(2): p. 139 (in Chinese).

First Author: Wu, C. K.
All Authors: Wu, C. K., Yao, Y. T., Wang, C. W., Lin, E. K.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat- gamma emission


622. Yagi, M., et al., Measurement of neutron emission from a SiO2-D2 system. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1989. 137(6): p. 421.

First Author: Yagi, M.
All Authors: Yagi, M., Mitsugashira, T., Satoh, I., Hara, M., Shiokawa, Y., Inoue, K., Masumoto, K., Suzuki, S.
Keywords: SiO2, D2, neutron


623. Yagi, M., et al., Measurement of neutron emission from a titanium-deuterium system. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1989. 137(6): p. 411.

First Author: Yagi, M.
All Authors: Yagi, M., Shiokawa, Y., Suzuki, S., Hara, M., Satoh, I., Masumoto, K., Mitsugashira, T.
Keywords: titanium D2, neutron


624. Yan, X., et al., Room temperature deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction rate - a strong- -coupling plasma model. Chin. Phys. Lett., 1989. 6: p. 343.

First Author: Yan, X.
All Authors: Yan, X., Tsai, S., Guo, S., Zhang, Z.
Keywords: theory


625. Yanokura, M., et al., An approach to the cold fusion through hydrogen isotopes analysis by the heavy ion Rutherford scattering. Chem. Lett., 1989: p. 2197.

First Author: Yanokura, M.
All Authors: Yanokura, M., Minami, M., Yamagata, S., Nakabayashi, S., Aratani, M., Kira, A., Tanihata, I.
Keywords: loading, surface analysis, PdD, Pd, D2, electrolysis, D2O


626. Yaroslavskii, M.A., Nuclear reactions induced by temperature changes and phase transitions in solids. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 307: p. 600 (in Russian).

First Author: Yaroslavskii, M. A.
All Authors: Yaroslavskii, M. A.
Keywords: neutron, D2O, chemical


627. Yaroslavskii, M.A., Possible mechanism for the initiation of nuclear reactions during temperature changes and phase transitions in condensed materials. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1989. 308: p. 95 (in Russian).

First Author: Yaroslavskii, M. A.
All Authors: Yaroslavskii, M. A.
Keywords: neutron, chemical, biological


628. Yoshihara, K., T. Sekine, and T. Braun, An attempt to detect fracto-fusion during microwave irradiation of D2O loaded silica gel. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1989. 137: p. 333.

First Author: Yoshihara, K.
All Authors: Yoshihara, K., Sekine, T., Braun, T.
Keywords: SiO2, D2, microwave, neutron, fractofusion, tritium


629. Zahm, L.L., et al., Experimental Investigations of the Electrolysis of D2O Using Pd and Pt Electrodes. 1989.

First Author: Zahm, L. L.
All Authors: Zahm, L. L., Klein, A. C., Binney, S. E., Reyes, J. N., Higginbotham, J. F., Robinson, A. H., Daniels, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+


630. Zak, J., Low-temperature fusion of light nuclei in the Fleischmann-Pons reaction. Inz. Aparat. Chem., 1989. 28(5): p. (in Polish).

First Author: Zak, J.
All Authors: Zak, J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat


631. Zakharova, V.P. and G.A. Kotel'nikov, To the question of cold nuclear fusion. Atom. Tekh. za Rubez., 1989. 9: p. 28 (in Russian).

First Author: Zakharova, V. P.
All Authors: Zakharova, V. P., Kotel'nikov, G. A.
Keywords: history


632. Zelentsov, V.V., New but well forgotten [matters]. Koord. Khim., 1989. 19: p. 1296 (in Russian).

First Author: Zelentsov, V. V.
All Authors: Zelentsov, V. V.
Keywords: review


633. Zhu, S.B., J. Lee, and G.W. Robinson, Kinetic energy imbalance in inhomogeneous materials. Chem. Phys. Lett., 1989. 161: p. 249.

First Author: Zhu, S. B.
All Authors: Zhu, S. B., Lee, J., Robinson, G. W.
Keywords: theory


634. Ziegler, J.F., et al., Electrochemical Experiments in Cold Nuclear Fusion. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1989. 62(25): p. 2929.

First Author: Ziegler, J. F.
All Authors: Ziegler, J. F., Zabel, T. H., Cuomo, J. J., Brusic, V. A., Cargill, III, G. S., O'Sullivan, E. J., Marwick, A. D.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, particle emission, layer, electrolysis, x-ray diffraction


635. Zuqia, H., A possible explanation of the room temperature nuclear fusion. Beijing Shifan Daxue Xuebao. Ziran Kexueban, 1989. 2: p. 43.

First Author: Zuqia, H.
All Authors: Zuqia, H.
Keywords: theory


636. Abell, G.C., et al., Helium release from aged palladium tritide. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41(2): p. 1220.

First Author: Abell, G. C.
All Authors: Abell, G. C., Matson, L. K., Steinmeyer, R. H., Bowman Jr., R. C., Oliver, B. M.
Keywords: Helium diffusion, PdT


637. Aberdam, D., et al., Limits on neutron emission following deuterium absorption into palladium and titanium. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 65(10): p. 1196.

First Author: Aberdam, D.
All Authors: Aberdam, D., Avenier, M., Bagieu, G., Bouchez, J., Cavaignac, J. F., Collot, J., Durand, R., Faure, R., Favier, J., Kajfasz, E., Koang, D. H., Lefievre, B., Lesquoy, E., Pessard, H., Rouault, A., Senateur, J. P., Stutz, A., Weiss, F.
Keywords: neutron, method


638. AbuTaha, A.F., Cold fusion - engineering perspectives. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 391.

First Author: AbuTaha, A. F.
All Authors: AbuTaha, A. F.
Keywords: lattice stress, stored energy critique


639. AbuTaha, A.F., Cold fusion - the heat mechanism. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 345.

First Author: AbuTaha, A. F.
All Authors: AbuTaha, A. F.
Keywords: critique lattice stress, stored energy fractofusion


640. Adler, P.N., R.L. Schulte, and H. Margolin, Deuterium surface segregation in titanium alloys. Metal. Trans., 1990. 21A: p. 2003.

First Author: Adler, P. N.
All Authors: Adler, P. N., Schulte, R. L., Margolin, H.
Keywords: TiD, transmutation, D2, Ti


641. Adzic, R.R., et al. Tritium Measurements and Deuterium Loading in D2O Electrolysis With a Palladium Cathode. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Adzic, R. R.
All Authors: Adzic, R. R., Gervasio, I., Bae, I., Cahan, B., Yeager, E.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, tritium, OCV, loading, ICCF-1

Measurements have been performed to check on the Fleischmann-Pons (F-P) phenomena. They involved 1) measurements of tritium in the cell solution and the gas above it; and 2) determination of the D/Pd ratio by coulometry. Enhancement of tritium in the D2O solution was found in these two open glass cells, as well as in another four cells with Ni-anodes. The largest enhancement factor found was ~50. The neutron measurements were inconclusive.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AdzicRRtritiummea.pdf


642. Affatato, S., et al. Measurement of a Very Low Neutron Background Within a Significant Gamma-Ray Environment by Means of a Coincidence Spectrometer with n-g Pulse-Shape Discrimination. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Affatato, S.
All Authors: Affatato, S., Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Bulgarelli, D., Bystritsky, V. M., Capponi, M., D'Antone, I., DeCastro, S., Galli, D., Marconi, U., Massa, I., Morganti, M., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Poli, M., Semprini-Cesari, N., Villa, M., Vitale, A., Zavattini, G., Zoccoli, A.
Keywords: neutron, gamma emission, method


643. Agnello, M., et al. Search for Neutron Emission in Titanium-Deuterium Systems. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Agnello, M.
All Authors: Agnello, M., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Cherubini, R., Haque, A. M. I., Ricci, R. A.
Keywords: neutron, Ti, D2


644. Aiello, S., et al., Nuclear fusion experiment in palladium charged by deuterium gas. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 115.

First Author: Aiello, S.
All Authors: Aiello, S., De Filippo, E., Lanzano, G., Lo Nigro, S., Pagano, A.
Keywords: neutron, Ti, D2, Pd, gamma emission, particle emission


645. Albagli, D., et al., Measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having Pd cathodes. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 133.

First Author: Albagli, D.
All Authors: Albagli, D., Ballinger, R. G., Cammarata, V., Chen, X., Crooks, R. M., Fiore, C., Gaudreau, M. P. J., Hwang, I., Li, C. K., Linsay, P., Luckhardt, S. C., Parker, R. R., Petrasso, R. D., Schloh, M., Wenzel, K. W., Wrighton, M. S.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd helium neutron- heat-, gamma emission, D2O, MIT


646. Alberg, M.A., et al., Upper limits to fusion rates of isotopic hydrogen molecules in palladium. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. 41: p. 2544.

First Author: Alberg, M. A.
All Authors: Alberg, M. A., Wilets, L., Rehr, J. J., Mustre de Leon, J.
Keywords: theory, Born-Oppenheimer, Pd fusion rate


647. Aleksan, R., et al., Limits on electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium by neutron flux measurements. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 234: p. 389.

First Author: Aleksan, R.
All Authors: Aleksan, R., Avenier, M., Bagieu, G., Bouchez, J., Cavaignac, J. F., Collot, J., Cousinou, M. C., Declais, Y., Dufour, Y., Durand, R., Faure, R., Favier, J., Kajfasz, E., De Kerret, H., Koang, D. H., Lefievre, B., Lesquoy, E., Mallet, J., Nagy, E., Obolensky, M., Pessard, H., Pierre, F., Stutz, A., Wuethrick, J. P.
Keywords: electrolysis, neutron, D2O


648. Alessandrello, A., et al., Search for cold fusion induced by electrolysis in palladium. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. A103: p. 1617.

First Author: Alessandrello, A.
All Authors: Alessandrello, A., Bellotti, E., Cattadori, C., Antonione, C., Bianchi, G., Rondinini, S., Torchio, S., Fiorini, E., Guiliani, A., Ragazzi, S., Zanotti, L., Gatti, C.
Keywords: gamma emission, neutron, tritium, fractofusion, D2, Helium electrolysis, heat-, negative


649. Altaiskii, M.V., et al., Fluctuational enhancement of quantum mechanical and wave barrier penetrability and some physical consequences. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1990. 52(1): p. 78 (in Russian).

First Author: Altaiskii, M. V.
All Authors: Altaiskii, M. V., Artekha, S. N., Barts, B. I., Bar'yakhtar, V. G., Moiseev, S. S.
Keywords: Theory fluctuations vibration distance


650. Amato, I., Cold Fusion Saga: Trials and Tribulations. Science News, 1990. 137(24): p. 374.

First Author: Amato, I.
All Authors: Amato, I.
Keywords: history


651. Amato, I., If Not Cold Fusion, Try Fracto-Fusion? Science News, 1990. 137: p. 87.

First Author: Amato, I.
All Authors: Amato, I.
Keywords: history, fractofusion


652. Amato, I., Cold Fusion:Wanted Dead And Alive, in Science News. 1990. p. 14.

First Author: Amato, I.
All Authors: Amato, I.
Keywords: review, newspaper


653. Andermann, G. Theoretical Model for Low Temperature Nuclear Events. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Andermann, G.
All Authors: Andermann, G.
Keywords: theory


654. Andermann, G. A New Theoretical Model (Nu-Q) for Rationalizing Electrochemically Induced Nuclear Events Observed in Deuterium Loaded Pd Cathodes. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Andermann, G.
All Authors: Andermann, G.
Keywords: theory dineutron ICCF-1

A model is proposed based on di-neutrons. NUt to rationalize most of the high energy and some of the low energy events observed in electrochemically induced . cold fusion'. Using pressure induced electron capture (EC) by deuterons as the triggering mechanism for the creation of NUt this model calls for the absorption of Nu by deuterons. creating a highly unstable isotope Quatrium. Q*, which decays instantly to yield tri tium and neutrons. Because of electron spin considerations the dominant EC mechanism is shown to yield two kinds of Nu. namely, a low lying NUL and a less stable higher lying Nu H. Thus. the Nu-Q* mechanism is shown to yield a doublet in the gamma ray spectrum. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=314


655. Anderson, D.M. and J. Bockris, Cold Fusion at Texas A&M. Science, 1990. 249: p. 463.

First Author: Anderson, D. M.
All Authors: Anderson, D. M., Bockris, J.
Keywords: history


656. Anderson, J., et al., Letters and Response about Cold Fusion at Texas A&M. Science, 1990. 249: p. 463-465.

First Author: Anderson, J.
All Authors: Anderson, J., Bockris, J., Worledge, D. H., Taubes, G.
Keywords: history


657. Anderson, R.E., et al. Neutron Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Anderson, R. E.
All Authors: Anderson, R. E., Goulding, C. A., Johnson, M. W., Butterfield, K. B., Gottesfeld, S., Baker, D. A., Springer, T. E., Garzon, F. H., Bolton, R. D., Leonard, E. M., Chancellor, T.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, D2, D2O, neutron


658. Anderson, R.E. and S.E. Jones. Comments on an Experiment at Yale on Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Anderson, R. E.
All Authors: Anderson, R. E., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: neutron, error, critique


659. Anghaie, S., P. Froelich, and H.J. Monkhurst, On fusion/fission chain reactions in the Fleischmann-Pons 'cold fusion' experiment. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 500.

First Author: Anghaie, S.
All Authors: Anghaie, S., Froelich, P., Monkhurst, H. J.
Keywords: theory, fission,, fusion Li chain reaction


660. Antonov, A.V., et al., An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion during the electrolysis of heavy water. Sov. Phys. Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1990(5): p. 52.

First Author: Antonov, A. V.
All Authors: Antonov, A. V., Benetskii, B. A., Ginodman, V. B., Zherikhina, L. N., Klyachko, A. V., Konobeevskii, E. S., Mordovskoi, M. V., Popov, V. I., Rozantsev, A. I., Tskhovrebov, A. M.
Keywords: neutron, electrolysis, Pd, D2O


661. Appleby, A.J., et al. Anomalous Calorimetric Results During Long-Term Evolution of Deuterium on Palladium from Alkaline Deuteroxide Electrolyte. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Appleby, A. J.
All Authors: Appleby, A. J., Kim, Y. J., Murphy, O. J., Srinivasan, S.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis surface effect H2O Li6 Na current density helium ICCF-1

Convincing evidence of anomalous thermal fluxes from palladium cathodes in LiOD solutions is provided. When combined with other evidence for tritium formation, these argue for the existence of solid state nuclear processes in this system. Compared with previous work, effects are only seen at a relatively low level, and they appear to decrease with decreasing electrode surface/volume ratio. They are also observed in a sealed cell with internal gas recombination, which requires no thermodynamic corrections. The effect of lithium ion is seen to be specific, and the effect seems to involve only the palladium surface layers.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ApplebyAJanomalousc.pdf


662. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of an intense cold fusion reaction. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 95.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: theory, method, Pd, electrolysis, neutron, hardness heat+


663. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of intense 'cold' fusion reaction. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1990. 66: p. 1.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, pressure, heat+, neutron+, D2O, fractofusion


664. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Corroborating evidence for 'cold' fusion reaction. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1990. 66(B): p. 110.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: on-off effect, electrolysis, Pd, neutron, Pd-Ni, layer


665. Arnikar, H.J., 'Cold fusion' - a misnomer. Indian J. Chem. Sci., 1990. 4: p. 65.

First Author: Arnikar, H. J.
All Authors: Arnikar, H. J.
Keywords: Polemic, review, theory


666. Attas, E.M., et al., Solar flares and 'cold fusion'. Nature (London), 1990. 344: p. 390.

First Author: Attas, E. M.
All Authors: Attas, E. M., Chambers, K. W., Dueck, W., Dutton, R., McIlwain, A. K.
Keywords: Polemic, solar flares, neutron, critique


667. Ault, M.R., Cold fusion: the story behind the headlines. Radiat. Prot. Manage., 1990. 8((3)): p. 49.

First Author: Ault, M. R.
All Authors: Ault, M. R.
Keywords: review


668. Azbel, M.Y., Possibility of cold fusion. Solid State Commun., 1990. 76(2): p. 127.

First Author: Azbel, M. Ya.
All Authors: Azbel, M. Ya.
Keywords: review theory


669. Babu, K.S.C., et al., On the formation of palladium deuteride and its relationship to suspected cold fusion. Adv. Hydrogen Energy, 1990. 8 Hydrogen Energy Prog. VIII, Vol. 2): p. 1051.

First Author: Babu, K. S. C.
All Authors: Babu, K. S. C., Lalla, N. P., Pandey, R. N., Tiwari, R. S., Srivastava, O. N.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2O H2O, p-d fusion, heat+ Pd


670. Baldo, M., R. Pucci, and P.F. Bortignon, Relaxation toward equilibrium in plasmon-enhanced fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 347.

First Author: Baldo, M.
All Authors: Baldo, M., Pucci, R., Bortignon, P. F.
Keywords: review, theory


671. Balke, B., et al., Limits on neutron emission from 'cold fusion' in metal hydrides. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. C42: p. 30.

First Author: Balke, B.
All Authors: Balke, B., Cox, L., Fackler, O., Mugge, M., Souers, P. C., Tsugawa, R. T., White, R. M.
Keywords: Ti, Pd, neutron, D2, HD, DT


672. Baranowski, B., et al., Search for 'cold fusion' in some Me-D systems at high pressures of gaseous deuterium. J. Less-Common Met., 1990. 158: p. 347.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M., Szustakowski, M., Farny, J., Woryna, W.
Keywords: Pd, neutron, heat-, electrolysis, D2O, D2, CR-39, high pressure, Ni, negative


673. Barker, W.A., Electrostatic voltage excitation process and apparatus. 1990: US 4,961,880.

First Author: Barker, W. A.
All Authors: Barker, W. A.
Keywords: radioactivity, half-life, patent,


674. Barut, A.O., Prediction of new tightly-bound states of H2+ (D2+) and 'cold fusion' experiments. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1990. 15: p. 907.

First Author: Barut, A. O.
All Authors: Barut, A. O.
Keywords: Theory, screening


675. Barwick, S.W., et al., Search for 0.8 MeV (3)He nuclei emitted from Pd and Ti exposed to high pressure D2. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 273.

First Author: Barwick, S. W.
All Authors: Barwick, S. W., Price, P. B., Williams, W. T., Porter, J. D.
Keywords: neutron, Ti, Pd, D2, alpha, particle emission, CR-39, helium, negative


676. Bashkirov, Y.A., et al., Observation of neutron emission from electrolysis of heavy water. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(19): p. 51 (in Russian).

First Author: Bashkirov, Yu. A.
All Authors: Bashkirov, Yu. A., Baranova, R. Kh., Bazanin, B. G., Kazakova, V. M.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, Ti, D2O, H2O, electrolysis


677. Bass, R.W. On Empirical System ID, Possible External Electromagnetic/Electronuclear Stimulation/Actuation and Automatic Feedback Control of Cold Fusion. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Bass, R. W.
All Authors: Bass, R. W.
Keywords: theory ICCF-1

This paper reviews some basic results from modern systems theory, which may prove useful to experimenters researching the cold fusion phenomenon from the point of view of attempting to learn how to stimulate, initiate, regulate, control by command at will, and terminate excess enthalpy, rate of tritium production, neutron count, etc.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWonempirica.pdf


678. Bazhutov, Y., et al. Interpretation of cold nuclear fusion by means of erzion catalysis. in Fiz. Plazmy Nekotor. Vopr. Obshch. Fiz. M. 1990.

First Author: Bazhutov, Y.
All Authors: Bazhutov, Y., Vereshkov, G. M., Kuz'min, R. N., Frolov, A. M.
Keywords: theory, erzion new particle


679. Bellini, M., L. Casetti, and M. Rosa-Clot, Nuclear Fusion in Excited Hydrogen Molecules. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1990. 337: p. 207.

First Author: Bellini, M.
All Authors: Bellini, M., Casetti, L., Rosa-Clot, M.
Keywords: Theory


680. Belov, A.S., V.E. Kusik, and Y.V. Ryabov, The nuclear fusion for the reactions (2)H(d,n)(3)He,(2)H(d,gamma)(4)He at low deuterons energy and 'cold' nuclear fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. A103: p. 1647.

First Author: Belov, A. S.
All Authors: Belov, A. S., Kusik, V. E., Ryabov, Yu. V.
Keywords: ion beam, Pd, neutron, D+


681. Belzner, A., et al., Two fast mixed-conductor systems: deuterium and hydrogen in palladium - thermal measurements and experimental considerations. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 219.

First Author: Belzner, A.
All Authors: Belzner, A., Bischler, U., Crouch-Baker, S., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Schreiber, M., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, heat+, method, Pd, D2O effect of H2O


682. Belzner, A., et al., Recent results on mixed conductors containing hydrogen or deuterium. Solid State Ionics, 1990. 40/41: p. 519.

First Author: Belzner, A.
All Authors: Belzner, A., Bischler, U., Crouch-Baker, S., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Schreiber, M., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat+


683. Bennington, S.M., et al., In-situ measurements of deuterium uptake into a palladium electrode using time-of-flight neutron diffractometry. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 281: p. 323.

First Author: Bennington, S. M.
All Authors: Bennington, S. M., Benham, M. J., Stonadge, P. R., Fairclough, J. P. A., Ross, D. K.
Keywords: neutron diffraction, loading, PdD, composition, method, structure


684. Bernabei, R., et al., Neutron monitoring during evolution of deuteride precipitation in Nb, Ta and Ti. Solid State Commun., 1990. 76: p. 815.

First Author: Bernabei, R.
All Authors: Bernabei, R., Gannelli, G., Cantelli, R., Cordero, d'Angelo, S., Iucci, N., Picozza, P. G., Villoresi, G.
Keywords: neutron, cracks, fractofusion, loading, Pd, PdD, D2


685. Berrondo, M. Computer Simulation of D Atoms in a Pd Lattice. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Berrondo, M.
All Authors: Berrondo, M.
Keywords: theory distance Lattice Parameter PdD2


686. Bertin, A., et al., First experimental results at the Gran Sasso Laboratory on cold nuclear fusion in titanium electrodes. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 209.

First Author: Bertin, A.
All Authors: Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Capponi, M., De Castro, S., Marconi, U., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Semprini-Cesari, N., Trombini, A., Vitale, A., Zoccoli, A., Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Jones, S. E., Palmer, E. P.
Keywords: Ti, electrolysis, neutron, D2O


687. Besenbacher, F., et al., Search for cold fusion in plasma-charged Pd-D and Ti-D systems. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 315.

First Author: Besenbacher, F.
All Authors: Besenbacher, F., Bech, N. B., Hornshoej, P., Laesgaard, E., Rud, N.
Keywords: gas discharge, neutron, Pd, Ti, layer, Cu, ion implantation


688. Besenbacher, F., et al., Interaction of hydrogen isotopes with metals: deuterium trapped at lattice defects in palladium. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 257.

First Author: Besenbacher, F.
All Authors: Besenbacher, F., Bech, N. B., Noerskov, J. K., Myers, S. M., Nordlander, P.
Keywords: Theory, implantation, H2 defect


689. Beuhler, R.J., G. Friedlander, and L. Friedman, Cluster-Impact Fusion. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 63: p. 1292.

First Author: Beuhler, R. J.
All Authors: Beuhler, R. J., Friedlander, G., Friedman, L.
Keywords: cluster Impact, ion bombardment, Ti,


690. Birgul, O., et al., Electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium using surface modified palladium electrodes. J. Eng. Env. Sci., 1990. 14(3): p. 373.

First Author: Birgul, O.
All Authors: Birgul, O., Celebi, S., Ozdural, A., Pekmez, K., Yildiz, A., Yurum, Y., Doga-Turk
Keywords: gamma emission electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O heat


691. Bishop, J.E., Cold Fusion' Chemists Reiterate Claim; Other Scientists Report Similar Results, in Wall Street Journal. 1990: New YorkEditor. p. B4.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


692. Bishop, J.E., 'Cold Fusion' Gets Cold Shoulder From Many a Year After Findings, in The Wall Street Journal. 1990: NYEditor.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


693. Bishop, J.E., Cold Fusion' May Keep Earth's Core Molten, in Wall Street Journal. 1990: New YorkEditor. p. B1.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


694. Bishop, J.E., Future of Hot Fusion is Boiling Down to the Behavior of a Few Helium Atoms, in Wall Street Journal. 1990: New YorkEditor. p. B1.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


695. Bishop, J.E., Scientist Says `Cold Fusion' Tests May Have Had Some Impure Rods, in Wall Street Journal. 1990: New YorkEditor.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


696. Bishop, J.E., Cold Fusion Research Dispels Some Doubts, in The Wall Street Journal. 1990.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


697. Bittner, M., et al., Method for investigation of fusion reactions in condensed matter. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 120.

First Author: Bittner, M.
All Authors: Bittner, M., Meister, A., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Wuestner, P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O, neutron


698. Blencoe, J.G., et al., Tests for 'cold fusion' in the Pd-D2 and Ti-D2 systems at 40-380 MPa and -196-27 degC. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 149.

First Author: Blencoe, J. G.
All Authors: Blencoe, J. G., Naney, M. T., Wesolowski, D. J., Perey, F. G.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, heat-, neutron, D2


699. Bockris, J., About the alleged presence of tritium in some palladium electrodes and journalist Gary Taubes article in Science. 1990.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J.
Keywords: history


700. Bockris, J., The Answer to the Conundrum at Texas A & M: Accusations of Fraud in an Article Published by "Science. 1990.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J.
Keywords: history


701. Bockris, J., Addition to 'A review of the investigations of the Fleischmann-Pons phenomena'. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 523.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J.
Keywords: review, tritium


702. Bockris, J. and D. Hodko. Is There Evidence for Fusion Under Solid State Confinement. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Hodko, D.
Keywords: review, history


703. Bockris, J. and D. Hodko, Is there evidence for cold fusion? Chem. & Ind., 1990. 22: p. 688.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Hodko, D.
Keywords: review


704. Bockris, J., et al. Does Tritium Form at Electrodes by Nuclear Reactions? in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Lin, G. H., Kainthla, R. C., Packham, N. J. C., Velev, O. A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, tritium ICCF-1

This paper reports tritium formed in LiOD D2O solutions in which Pd cathodes are used to evolve D2 . Electrolysis was carried out for up to 4 months. Excess heat has been observed from 5 electrodes out of 28, tritium in 15 out of 53 but 9 out of 13 if the electrodes are limited to 1 mm diameter. Steady state tritium concentrations were 10^4-10^7 disintegrations min^-1 ml^-1. A weak correlation may exist between heat observed and tritium produced. The rate of production of tritium was c. 10^10 atoms cm^-2 sec-1. The branching ratio of tritium to neutrons was ~ 10^8.

A theoretical dendrite enhanced fusion model is suggested. Growing gas layer breakdown occurs at sufficiently high surface potential dendrite tips and correspondingly fusion reactions occur. The model gives quantitative consistence with experiment, especially the sporadic nature and the observed branching ratio.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJdoestritiu.pdf


705. Bockris, J., G.H. Lin, and N.J.C. Packham, A review of the investigations of the Fleischmann-Pons phenomena. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 11.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Lin, G. H., Packham, N. J. C.
Keywords: Review


706. Bonazzola, G.C., et al., A large-area neutron detector based on double scattering. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1990. A299: p. 25.

First Author: Bonazzola, G. C.
All Authors: Bonazzola, G. C., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Gianotti, P., Marcello, S., Agnello, M., Iazzi, F.
Keywords: neutron, method


707. Bosch, H.S., et al., Electrochemical cold fusion trials at IPP Garching. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 165.

First Author: Bosch, H. S.
All Authors: Bosch, H. S., Wurden, G. A., Gernhardt, J., Karger, F., Perchermeier, J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat- neutron-, tritium-, gamma emission, D2O, negative


708. Bowman, M.G., A Proposed Pathway for Cold Fusion Reactions. 1990: Letter.

First Author: Bowman, M. G.
All Authors: Bowman, M. G.
Keywords: theory, dineutron,


709. Boya, L.J., Possible mechanisms for cold fusion in deuterated palladium. An. Fis., Ser. B, 1990. 86(2): p. 221.

First Author: Boya, L. J.
All Authors: Boya, L. J.
Keywords: theory


710. Bracci, L., G. Fiorentini, and G. Mezzorani, Nuclear fusion in molecular systems. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1990. 16: p. 83.

First Author: Bracci, L.
All Authors: Bracci, L., Fiorentini, G., Mezzorani, G.
Keywords: Theory, fusion, screening, effective mass


711. Bracci, L., G. Fiorentini, and G. Mezzorani, A Dynamical Calculation of the Electron Shielding for d-d Fusion. Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 146(3): p. 128.

First Author: Bracci, L.
All Authors: Bracci, L., Fiorentini, G., Mezzorani, G.
Keywords: theory


712. Briand, J.P. Is There Any Deuterium in Dr. Jone's Titanium Foils? in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Briand, J. P.
All Authors: Briand, J. P.
Keywords: Ti, D, critique, history


713. Briand, J.P., et al., Cold fusion rates in titanium foils. Phys. Lett., 1990. A145(4): p. 187.

First Author: Briand, J. P.
All Authors: Briand, J. P., Ban, G., Froment, M., Keddam, M., Abel, F.
Keywords: Ti, D2, electrolysis, D2O, fractofusion, surface, x-ray, negative


714. Briand, J.P. and M. Froment, La fusion 'froide' dix-huit mois apres" (Cold fusion, 18 months later). Recherche, 1990. 21: p. 1282.

First Author: Briand, J. P.
All Authors: Briand, J. P., Froment, M.
Keywords: review


715. Brind, J., letter. Science News, 1990: p. 163.

First Author: Brind, J.
All Authors: Brind, J.
Keywords: Theory


716. Britz, D., Cold fusion: an historical parallel. Centaurus, 1990. 33: p. 368.

First Author: Britz, D.
All Authors: Britz, D.
Keywords: Discussion, history, review


717. Broad, W.J., Cold Fusion Claimants Review Puzzling Results, in The New York Times. 1990: NYEditor. p. 8.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: history, newspaper


718. Broad, W.J., Cold Fusion Still Escapes Usual Checks of Science, in New York Times. 1990: New YorkEditor. p. B5 and B9.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: newspaper, history


719. Broad, W.J., Scientist Defends Cold Fusion Work, in The New York Times. 1990: NYEditor.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: history, newspaper


720. Brown, T., A Selective, Annotated Bibliography No. 7. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Lett., 1990. 145: p. 385-388.

First Author: Brown, T.
All Authors: Brown, T.
Keywords: Review


721. Brudanin, V.B., et al., Does cold nuclear fusion exist? Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 146: p. 347.

First Author: Brudanin, V. B.
All Authors: Brudanin, V. B., Bystritskii, V. M., Egorov, V. G., Shamsutdinov, S. G., Shyshkin, A. L., Stolupin, V. A., Yutlandov, I. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, D2, x-ray, negative


722. Brudanin, V.B., et al., Once more about cold nuclear fusion. Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 146: p. 351.

First Author: Brudanin, V. B.
All Authors: Brudanin, V. B., Bystritskii, V. M., Egorov, V. G., Shamsutdinov, S. G., Shyshkin, A. L., Stolupin, V. A., Yutlandov, I. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Ti, neutron, D2


723. Brudanin, V.B., et al., Search for the cold fusion d(d,(4)He) in electrolysis of D2O. Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 151(9): p. 543.

First Author: Brudanin, V. B.
All Authors: Brudanin, V. B., Bystritsky, V. M., Egorov, V. G., Stetsenko, S. G., Yutlandov, I. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, foil, helium, He, alpha, CR-39, particle emission, X-ray, negative


724. Budnikov, A.T., et al., Study of gases evolving from palladium, nickel and copper, bombarded with D+ ions, from palladium saturated with gases by heavy water electrolysis and by heating in deuterium. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1990(1): p. 81 (in Russian).

First Author: Budnikov, A. T.
All Authors: Budnikov, A. T., Danilov, P. A., Kartamyshev, G. A., Katrich, N. P., Seminozhenko, V. P.
Keywords: Pd, Ni, Cu, electrolysis, mass spectrometer, tritium, ion bombardment, D+, D2, negative


725. Bullock, J.S., G.L. Powell, and D.P. Hutchinson, Electrochemical factors in cold fusion experiments. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 275.

First Author: Bullock, J. S.
All Authors: Bullock, J. S., Powell, G. L., Hutchinson, D. P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, thermodynamic, overvoltage, method


726. Bunch, K.J. and R.W. Grow. Electric Field Distribution of the Palladium Crystal Lattice. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Bunch, K. J.
All Authors: Bunch, K. J., Grow, R. W.
Keywords: Pd, lattice parameter, theory, ICCF-1

Palladium has always been a metal of interest for its hydrogen absorption qualities [lJ and, more recently, for its use in cold fusion experiments [2J. An atomic model of the metallic crystal would give a better overall understanding of the palladium-hydrogen system. Unfortunately, a computer simulation of the wave mechanical properties of palladium based on solving the three-dimensional Schrodinger equation is a major undertaking [3, 4J that is probably unnecessary for calculating many useful character istics of palladium. A simpler approach, based on a Thomas-Fermi model [5J for palladium, is proposed by the authors. This semiclassical model averages the effects of all the electrons within an atom to approximate the electric field distribution everywhere. Overlapping these distr ibutions approximates the electric fields within the palladium crystal. This model predicts a crystal that is a bit too stiff, but overall it gives reasonable results; it is also simple to use. It is expected that this model will broaden the understanding of the interaction of hydrogen with palladium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=262


727. Busch, M.P., Nucear Fusion Reactor and Method, Patent Disclosure. 1990: US.

First Author: Busch, M. P.
All Authors: Busch, M. P.
Keywords: patent, disclosure, apparatus,


728. Bush, R.T. The TRM (Transmission Resonance Model) for Cold Fusion Fits Calorimetric Data on the Pons-Fleischmann Effect and Suggests Solutions to Nuclear "Anomalies". in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory


729. Bush, R.T. Isotopic Mass Shifts in Cathodically-Driven Palladium Via Neutron Transfer Suggested by the Transmission Resonance Model to Explicate Enhanced Fusion Phenomena (Hot and Cold) Within a Deuterared Metrix. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory, current density, Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, ICCF-1

Abstract: The transmission resonance model previously presented by the author [3] to explicate cold fusion phenomena is now extended to treat the full range of enhanced fusion phenomena, from "hot" to "cold", within a deuterated matrix. Such seemingly disparate effects as low-level neutron emission, tritium production, the Pons-Fleischmann effect ( i.e. ,excess heat production in electrolytic cold fusion) [1],[2], and "cluster-impact" fusion (i.e., hot fusion within a lattice), may share a commonality as enhanced fusion phenomena resulting from the resonant transmission of de Broglie waves within a deuterated matrix . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=232


730. Bush, R.T. Production of Tritium, Neutrons, and Heat Based Upon the Transmission Resonance Model (TRM) for Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory, D/Pd, heat+, T/n


731. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton, A Cold Fusion Model that Matches Experimental Data. 21st Century Sci. & Technol., 1990. 3(3): p. 21, 62.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: theory, history


732. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton, 'Cold nuclear fusion': A hypothetical model to probe an elusive phenomenon. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 397.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: Theory, bosons


733. Bushuev, V.S., et al., Some results obtained by detecting nuclear radiation during heavy-water electrolysis. Sov. Phys. Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1990(5): p. 57.

First Author: Bushuev, V. S.
All Authors: Bushuev, V. S., Ginodman, V. B., Zherikhina, L. N., Kuznetsov, S. P., Lapushkin, Yu. A., Matviyenko, I. P., Nikitenko, A. I., Perekrestenko, A. D., Saposhnikov, N. P., Tolokonnikov, S. M., Tskhovrebov, A. M.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd neutron, gamma emission D2O D2SO4


734. Byung, J.H., Cold nuclear fusion. Hwahak Kwa Kongop Ui Chinbo, 1990. 30: p. 86 (in Korean).

First Author: Byung, J. H.
All Authors: Byung, J. H.
Keywords: review


735. Carstens, D.H.W., An Apparatus for Studies of Hydrogen Isotope Exchange over Metals Using Laser-Raman Spectroscopy. 1990: Los Alamos.

First Author: Carstens, D. H. W.
All Authors: Carstens, D. H. W.
Keywords: PdD, deuterium, hydrogen, Raman,


736. Case, M. and R. Boehm. Assessment of thermal energy output from electrochemical cells - a critical review. in HDT (Am. Soc. Mech. Eng.) 151 (Heat Transfer Adv. Energy Syst.). 1990.

First Author: Case, M.
All Authors: Case, M., Boehm, R.
Keywords: review, heat, method


737. Cecil, F.E., et al., Study of energetic charged particles emitted from thin deuterated palladium foils subject to high current densities. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 195.

First Author: Cecil, F. E.
All Authors: Cecil, F. E., Ferg, D., Furtak, T. E., Mader, C., McNeil, J. A., Williamson, D. L.
Keywords: Pd, ion implantation, D+, H+, particle emission


738. Cecil, F.E., et al. Observation of Charged-Particle Bursts from Deuterium-Loaded Thin-Titanium Foils. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Cecil, F. E.
All Authors: Cecil, F. E., Liu, H., Beddingfield, D. H., Galovich, C. S.
Keywords: particle emission, Ti, D2


739. Cedzynska, K., et al. Tritium Analysis in Palladium With an Open System Analytical Procedure. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Cedzynska, K.
All Authors: Cedzynska, K., Barrowes, S. C., Bergeson, H. E., Knight, L. C., Will, F. G.
Keywords: tritium, analysis, Pd, method


740. Celani, F., et al. Measurements in the Grans Sasso Laboratory: Evidence for Nuclear Effects in Electrolysis With Pd/Ti and Different Tests with Deuterium Hight-Temperature Superconductors. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Liberatori, L., Stella, B., Ferrarotto, F., Corradi, M., Marini, P., Fortunati, S., Tului, M.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, Ti, D, D2O, superconductor


741. Celani, F., et al., Further measurements on electrolytic cold fusion with D2O and palladium at Gran Sasso Laboratory. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 718.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Pace, S., Polichetti, B., Saggese, A., Di Liberatori, L., Di Stefano, V., Marini, P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission D2O


742. Cerofolini, G.F., N. Re, and A.F. Para. (D+D+)2e- Binuclear Atoms as Activated Precursors in Cold Fusion and Warm Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Cerofolini, G. F.
All Authors: Cerofolini, G. F., Re, N., Para, A. F.
Keywords: theory, D-D, dineutron


743. Chambers, G.P., et al., Charged particle spectra of palladium thin films during low energy deuterium ion implantation. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 281.

First Author: Chambers, G. P.
All Authors: Chambers, G. P., Eridon, J. E., Grabowski, K. S., Sartwell, B. D., Chrisey, D. B.
Keywords: Pd, ion beam, particle emission, layer


744. Chambers, G.P., J.M. Eridon, and K.S. Grabowski, Upper limit on cold fusion in thin palladium films. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41(8): p. 5388.

First Author: Chambers, G. P.
All Authors: Chambers, G. P., Eridon, J. M., Grabowski, K. S.
Keywords: Pd, ion beam, particle emission


745. Chambers, G.P., G.K. Hubler, and K.S. Grabowski. Search for Energetic Charged-Particle-Reaction Products During Deuterium-Charging of Metal Lattices. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Chambers, G. P.
All Authors: Chambers, G. P., Hubler, G. K., Grabowski, K. S.
Keywords: Ti, ion implantation, gas discharge, particle emission


746. Chao, J., et al. Three Dimensional Computer Simulation of an Isoperibolic Calorimeter for Cold Fusion Experiments. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Chao, J.
All Authors: Chao, J., Layman, W., Kang, C. M., Gur, T., Schreiber, M., Higgins, R., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J.
Keywords: heat, method, apparatus, ICCF-1

The three dimensional heat conduction computer code HEATING5 was used to simulate the isoperibolic calorimeter being used for cold fusion experiments at Stanford University. The simulation results confirm the measured temperature distribution in the calorimeter. Computer analysis also demonstrates that temperature measurements for this particular calorimeter are independent of the heat source position in the calorimeter. A numerical procedure was developed to derive the transient behavior of the heat generation in the cold fusion cell from the transient temperature measurements. This procedure was exercised using a measured temperature pulse. The transient behavior of the power pulse was in the form of square-wave and its magnitude was slightly higher than the on-line calculation based on a steady-state approach.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=327


747. Chapnik, I.M., Possibility of induced beta radioactivity in PdD. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1990. 146: p. 273.

First Author: Chapnik, I. M.
All Authors: Chapnik, I. M.
Keywords: Theory


748. Chatterjee, L., Could spectator electrons legalize cold fusion? Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 683.

First Author: Chatterjee, L.
All Authors: Chatterjee, L.
Keywords: Theory


749. Chechin, V.A., et al. Fracto-Acceleration Model of Cold Nuclear Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Chechin, V. A.
All Authors: Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A., Golubnichyi, P. I., Philonenko, A. D., Tsarik, A. A.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


750. Cheek, G.T. and W.E. O'Grady, Measurement of hydrogen uptake by palladium using a quartz crystal microbalance. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 277: p. 341.

First Author: Cheek, G. T.
All Authors: Cheek, G. T., O'Grady, W. E.
Keywords: loading, method, Pd


751. Cheek, G.T. and W.E. O'Grady. Quartz crystal microbalance study of palladium/hydrogen interations. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Cheek, G. T.
All Authors: Cheek, G. T., O'Grady, W. E.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-1

Thin palladium films deposited on quartz have been loaded with hydrogen (deuterium) by electrochemical reduction of 0.1 M LiOH (LiOD) in H2O (D2O). Coulometric measurements during both the hydrogen deposition and subsequent removal steps have shown that H:Pd ratios of 0.7 are reached under these conditions, in accord with accepted values for bulk samples. The frequency decrease observed at AT-cut crystals during hydrogen (deuterium) loading is larger than that expected for the mass of hydrogen deposited into the film. Considering that palladium undergoes a substantial increase in volume upon hydrogen uptake, the role of the resulting film stress in influencing the observed frequency must be addressed. It has been found that such film stresses at an AT-cut crystal produce frequency decreases and that these effects can be accounted for using techniques which are well established in the frequency control field. Measurements at BT-cut crystals, the stress/frequency response of which is opposite to that of AT-cut crystals, have confirmed that stress plays a major role in the present work and have allowed the determination of a quantitative value for this stress. Investigations of mixtures of H2O and D20 have also been carried out and shed some light on the effect of small amounts of H2O in determining the H/D content in the palladium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=76


752. Chemla, M., et al., Experimental investigation of thermal and radiation effects induced by deuterium discharge at the palladium electrode. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 277: p. 93.

First Author: Chemla, M.
All Authors: Chemla, M., Chevalet, J., Bury, R., Perie, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat-, tritium-, D2O, H2O, method, loading, negative


753. Chen, M., et al., Measurements of neutron emission induced by muons stopped in metal deuteride targets. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 155.

First Author: Chen, M.
All Authors: Chen, M., Steadman, S. G., Gaudreau, M. P. J., Luckhardt, S. C., Parker, R. R., Albagli, D., Cammarata, V., Schloh, M., Wrighton, M. S., Kwok, K., Thiee, C., Lowenstein, D. I., Debbe, R., Reilly, J. J.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, Y, muon, D2, neutron, tritium


754. Chene, J. and A.M. Brass, Tritium production during the cathodic discharge of deuterium on palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 280: p. 199.

First Author: Chene, J.
All Authors: Chene, J., Brass, A. M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O


755. Cheng, Y.C., W.Y.P. Hwang, and S.N. Yang. Thoughts on Warm Fusion Versus Cold Fusion. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Cheng, Y. C.
All Authors: Cheng, Y. C., Hwang, W. Y. P., Yang, S. N.
Keywords: theory, cluster, ICCF-1

We propose a mechanism that may allow for understanding of the cluster-impact fusion experiment of Beuhler, Friedlander, and Friedman. When the cluster of D2O molecules collides with the metallic surface, the cluster dissociates into a collection of D and 0 atoms. In the process, a significant portion of the translational kinetic energy of the cluster is converted to thermal energy, so that the system thermalizes to become a "warm atomic plasma". The neutral D atoms in the warm atomic plasma then fuse with the D atoms in the lattice via direct scattering, without going through the doorway step of forming D2 molecules. As a rough estimate for the fusion reaction rate, the velocity distribution of the thermalized D atoms is taken to be Maxwell-Boltzmann, leading to results in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations for a cluster of about 100 - 300 molecules.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=354


756. Chon, A. and M. Rabinowitz, Classical Tunneling. International J. Theoret. Phys., 1990. 29(3): p. 215.

First Author: Chon, A.
All Authors: Chon, A., Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory


757. Christensen, O.B., et al., Effective-Medium Calculations for Hydrogen in Ni, Pd, and Pt. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41.

First Author: Christensen, O. B.
All Authors: Christensen, O. B., Stoltze, P., Jacobsen, K. W., Norskov, J. K.
Keywords: bonding, theory, PdH, NiH, PtH, thermodynamic


758. Christman, D.R., Cold fusion. Chem. Eng. News, 1990: p. 78.

First Author: Christman, D. R.
All Authors: Christman, D. R.
Keywords: tritium


759. Chu, L.Y. and D.-H. Lu, The estimation of nuclear fusion rate in crystal. Commun. Theor. Phys. (China), 1990. 13: p. 33.

First Author: Chu, L. Y.
All Authors: Chu, L. Y., Lu, D-H.
Keywords: Theory, PdD, periodic field


760. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb, Distributed bosonic states and condensed matter fusion. 1990, NRL: Washington.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: theory

This paper presents a theory of condensed matter fusion in crystals based on the periodic potential provided by an ordered lattice and the approximate Bose statistics obeyed by bosons on length scales associated with electrostatic interactions. The resulting nuclear interaction proceeds in a manner that approximately preserves either the initial periodicity of the lattice or the periodicity of a commensurate lattice. Reaction reversibility over timescales associated with electrostatic interaction results in condensed matter fusion being dominated by interactions in which both the products and reactants obey Bose-Einstein statistics. As a result tritium release and 3He+ production should not appear as primary fusion products.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRdistribute.pdf


761. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb, Nuclear Fusion in a Solid via a Bose Bloch Concentrate. 1990, NRL: Washington.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: theory

We present a theory of solid state fusion based on the formation of a D+ bosonic Bloch condensate within a metal deuteride. The first step towards fusion is a coalescence reaction which converts a 4-fold occupation state of zero point motion size into a state of nuclear dimensions . Reaction rates for the coalescence reaction are calculated using the Fermi Golden Rule.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRnuclearfus.pdf


762. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb. Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: theory, ion band, wave


763. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb. Quantum Mechanics of "Cold and "Not-So-Cold" Fusion". in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-1, Quantum Machanics

Cooperative ionic fluctuations, which become energetically favorable during the overcharging of a sufficiently ordered, stoichiometric Pd-D lattice, provide a means for an entirely new form of nuclear interaction, "cold" or "solid state" fusion. As a consequence, I) nucleons separated by macroscopic distances in a classical sense may interact in a nuclear fashion quantum mechanically. and 2) nuclear fusion may occur in which unfamiliar products are released. The evolution of such an ionic nuctuation. which we have named a Bose Bloch Condensate (BBC). becomes favorable as the concentrations of D and Pd become comparable because of I arge energy costs from lattice strain at individual lattice sites that result from coulombic repulsion associated with the occupation of a site by more than one D. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=138


764. Chubb, T.A. and S.R. Chubb, Bloch-symmmetric fusion in PdD(x). Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 710.

First Author: Chubb, T. A.
All Authors: Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R.
Keywords: Theory


765. Chulick, G.S., R.A. Rice, and Y.E. Kim. The Effect of Electron Screening and Velocity Distribution on Proton-Deuterium Fusion Rates in Jupiter. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Chulick, G. S.
All Authors: Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory


766. Chulick, G.S., et al., Comment on "Cluster-Impact Fusion by P. M. Echenique et al. 1990.

First Author: Chulick, G. S.
All Authors: Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory, cluster,


767. Claytor, T.N., et al. Tritium and Neutron Measurements From Deuterated Pd-Si. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Claytor, T. N.
All Authors: Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Menlove, H. O., Seeger, P., Doty, W. R., Rohwer, R. K.
Keywords: Pd, D, gas Discharge, neutron, tritium


768. Claytor, T.N., et al., Solid State Fusion Update. 1990.

First Author: Claytor, T. N.
All Authors: Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Seeger, P., Menlove, H. O., Rohwer, R. K., Doty, W. R.
Keywords: neutron, tritium, Pd, gas Discharge


769. Collins, G.S., et al., Electrolytic loading of hydrogen in metals studied by PAC. Hyperfine Interactions, 1990. 60: p. 663.

First Author: Collins, G. S.
All Authors: Collins, G. S., McGhee, G., Shropshire, S. L., Jang, H. J., Fan, J., Schuhmann, R. B.
Keywords: PtH, NiH, electrolysis, loading, structure


770. Collins, G.S., J.S. Walker, and J.W. Norbury, Deuteron tunnelling at electron-volt energies. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 409.

First Author: Collins, G. S.
All Authors: Collins, G. S., Walker, J. S., Norbury, J. W.
Keywords: Theory, tunnelling


771. Corrigan, D.A. and E.W. Schneider, Tritium separation effects during heavy water electrolysis: implications for reported observations of cold fusion. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 281: p. 305.

First Author: Corrigan, D. A.
All Authors: Corrigan, D. A., Schneider, E. W.
Keywords: isotope separation, tritium, review, electrolysis, separation factor, T/D


772. Coupland, D.R., et al. Some Observations Related to the Presence of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Coupland, D. R.
All Authors: Coupland, D. R., Doyle, M. L., Jenkins, J. W., Notton, J. H. F., Potter, R. J., Thompson, D. T.
Keywords: Pd, analysis, surface, loading, overvoltage, ICCF-1

Surface and bulk analytical work carried out on Pd rod samples returned to JM by Fleischmann and Pons indicate that a number of elements, including Pt and Li were deposited on the surface during electrolysis in D2O.

One electrolysed rod exhibited recovery of part of the wrought microstructure which would ordinarily require a temperature of > ca. 200C, and another rod showed recrystallisation of a portion of its length and this would normally require a temperature of > ca. 300C. These effects cannot be readily explained by known processing history and could not be reproduced by filing or sawing. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=318


773. Cox, D.M., et al., Abnormally Large Deuterium Uptake on Small Transition Metal Clusters. Catalysis Lett, 1990. 4: p. 271.

First Author: Cox, D. M.
All Authors: Cox, D. M., Fayet, P., Brickman, R., Hahn, M. Y., Kaldor, A.
Keywords: PdD, absorption, loading


774. Czirr, J.B., G.L. Jensen, and J.C. Wang. High-Efficiency Neutron and Charged-Particle Detector. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Czirr, J. B.
All Authors: Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Wang, J. C.
Keywords: neutron, particle emission, apparatus, method


775. D'Amato, F., et al. Search for Nuclear Phenomena by the Interaction Between Titanium and Deuterium. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: D'Amato, F.
All Authors: D'Amato, F., De Ninno, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Zeppa, P., Pontorieri, C., Lanza, F.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, tritium, ICCF-1

Following the preliminary results obtained in the Spring of 1989 [see ref.3], a second generation of experiments aimed to the detection of nuclear particles from a titanium-deuterium system has been designed. Here very preliminary results from the new (even though not yet complete) experimental setup are presented: neutron burst emission from the system and tritium production in the samples.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=189


776. Dagani, R., Advocates,Skeptics Alike Still Puzzled by Cold Fusion. Chem. Eng. News, 1990.

First Author: Dagani, R.
All Authors: Dagani, R.
Keywords: newspaper, review


777. Danos, M., Coulomb-assisted cold fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 413.

First Author: Danos, M.
All Authors: Danos, M.
Keywords: Theory


778. Danos, M., Coulomb-assisted cold fusion in solids. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 484.

First Author: Danos, M.
All Authors: Danos, M.
Keywords: Theory


779. Davidonis, R., et al., An experimental evaluation of the probability of cold fusion. Litovskii Fiz. Sbornik, 1990. 30(6): p. 65.

First Author: Davidonis, R.
All Authors: Davidonis, R., Duskesas, G., Kalinauskas, R., Makarinunas, K., Petrauskas, J., Remeiskis, V., Ruzele, B.
Keywords: Pd, titanium, electrolysis, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, D2O, negative


780. Davies, J.D., A Direct Measurement of the Alpha-Muon Sticking Coefficient in Muon-Catalysed d-t Fusion. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1990. 16: p. 1529.

First Author: Davies, J. D.
All Authors: Davies, J. D.
Keywords: muon, D-T fusion


781. Davies, J.D. and J.S. Cohen, More on the cold fusion family. Ettore Majorana Int. Sci. Ser.: Phys. Sci., 1990: p. 52.

First Author: Davies, J. D.
All Authors: Davies, J. D., Cohen, J. S.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion


782. Davies, J.D., et al., Search for 2.5 MeV neutrons from D2O (heavy water) electrolytic cells stimulated by high-intensity muons and pions. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. 103(1): p. 155.

First Author: Davies, J. D.
All Authors: Davies, J. D., Pyle, G. J., Squier, G. T. A., Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Piccinini, M., Vitale, A., Zoccoli, A., Jones, S. E., Alper, B., Bom, V. R., Van Eijk, C. W. E., de Haan, H., Craston, D. H., Jones, C. P., Williams, D. E. G., Anderson, D. M., Eaton, G. H.
Keywords: PdD, TiD, muons, ion bombardment


783. Davydov, A.S., Possible explanation of the cold fusion experiments". Sov. Phys. Dokl., 1990. 35(9): p. 811.

First Author: Davydov, A. S.
All Authors: Davydov, A. S.
Keywords: Theory


784. De Ninno, A., et al. Emission of Neutron Bursts From a Titanium-Deuterium Gas Ststem in a High-Effeciency Low-Background Experimental Setup. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: De Ninno, A.
All Authors: De Ninno, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Pontorieri, C., Zeppa, P.
Keywords: neutron, Ti, D2, titanium


785. Degwekar, S.B. and M. Srinivasan, A simple dead time method for measuring the fraction of bunched neutronic emission in cold fusion experiments. Ann. Nucl. Energy, 1990. 17: p. 583.

First Author: Degwekar, S. B.
All Authors: Degwekar, S. B., Srinivasan, M.
Keywords: neutron, method


786. Derjaguin, B.V., et al., Excitation of nuclear reaction under mechanical effect (impact) on deuterated solids. Physica B, 1990. 167: p. 189.

First Author: Derjaguin, B. V.
All Authors: Derjaguin, B. V., Kluev, V. A., Lipson, A. G., Toporov, Yu. P.
Keywords: fractofusion, LiOD, neutron


787. Dickinson, J.T., et al., Fracto-emission from deuterated titanium: Supporting evidence for a fracto-fusion mechanism. J. Mater. Res., 1990. 5: p. 109.

First Author: Dickinson, J. T.
All Authors: Dickinson, J. T., Jensen, L. C., Langford, S. C., Ryan, R. R., Garcia, E.
Keywords: fractofusion, Ti, light, radio emisssion, particle emission


788. Dignan, T.G., et al., A search for neutrons from fusion in a highly deuterated cooled palladium thin film. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 469.

First Author: Dignan, T. G.
All Authors: Dignan, T. G., Bruington, M. C., Johnson, R. T., Bland, R. W.
Keywords: Pd-Ir ion bombardment, loading, neutron, gamma emission, D+


789. Dini, D. Why "Cold" and "Warm" Fusion Reaction Plants for Producinbg Useful Energy are Very Far From Now. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Dini, D.
All Authors: Dini, D.
Keywords: Commercialization


790. Donne, A.J.H. and A.A.M. Oomens, Zon op Aarde (Sun on Earth). Natuur en Technik, 1990. 58(2): p. 118 (in Dutch).

First Author: Donne, A. J. H.
All Authors: Donne, A. J. H., Oomens, A. A. M.
Keywords: history


791. Droege, L.J. and T.F. Droege. A Zero Gradient Calorimeter for the Measurement of Anomalous Heat from the Electrolysis of Deuterated Metals. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Droege, L. J.
All Authors: Droege, L. J., Droege, T. F.
Keywords: heat, method, ICCF-1

A null balance calorimeter has been designed for the measurement of anomalous heat in electrolytic cells containing deuterium and palladium. Early measurements indicate an accuracy of less than 1% of the total energy processed through the calorimeter. Anomalous heat has been observed at the 4% level for palladium cathodes, or 4w per cc. Measurements have been made of cathode material resistance change and cathode gas absorption during electrolysis. Cell voltage variations over time have been correlated with cell gas evolution. Attempts have been made to correlate radiation with cell activity.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=248


792. Droege, T.F., A Discussion of an H2O run which followed Operation with D20. 1990.

First Author: Droege, T. F.
All Authors: Droege, T. F.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, H2O, heat+, effect of H2O


793. Dunlap, B.I., et al., Linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals - local-density-functional cluster studies of D-D interactions in titanium and palladium. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41: p. 9683.

First Author: Dunlap, B. I.
All Authors: Dunlap, B. I., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Mintmire, J. W., White, C. T.
Keywords: Theory, PdD, structure


794. Durup, J., Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration. J. Chem. Phys., 1990. 93: p. 6120.

First Author: Durup, J.
All Authors: Durup, J.
Keywords: theory


795. Eagleton, R.D. and R.T. Bush, Design considerations for palladium electrodes as suggested by a deuteron cluster model for cold nuclear fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 359.

First Author: Eagleton, R. D.
All Authors: Eagleton, R. D., Bush, R. T.
Keywords: Theory, cluster, method, heat


796. Echenique, P.M., J.R. Manson, and R.H. Ritchie, Cluster-Impact Fusion. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 64(12): p. 1413.

First Author: Echenique, P. M.
All Authors: Echenique, P. M., Manson, J. R., Ritchie, R. H.
Keywords: theory, cluster Impact


797. Eggers, H.C. and J. Rafelski, Strangeness and Quark Gluon Plasma: Aspects of Theory and Experiment. 1990.

First Author: Eggers, H. C.
All Authors: Eggers, H. C., Rafelski, J.
Keywords: theory,


798. ENECO. The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. Vancouver, Canada: ENECO, Inc.

First Author: ENECO
All Authors: ENECO
Keywords:

Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf


799. Ewing, R.I., High-sensitivity neutron detectors used at Sandia National Laboratories to monitor and diagnose 'cold fusion' experiments: negative results. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 473.

First Author: Ewing, R. I.
All Authors: Ewing, R. I.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2, Pd, Ti, neutron


800. Ewing, R.I., et al., A sensitive multi-detector neutron counter used to monitor 'cold fusion' experiments in an underground laboratory: negative results and positive artifacts. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., 1990. 37: p. 1165.

First Author: Ewing, R. I.
All Authors: Ewing, R. I., Butler, M. A., Ginley, D. S., Schirber, J. E.
Keywords: neutron, method


801. Fallavier, J., et al., Srearch for Nuclear Fusion in Deuterated Targets under Cluster-Beam Impact. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990. 65(5): p. 621.

First Author: Fallavier, J.
All Authors: Fallavier, J., Kemmler, J., Kirsch, R., Poizat, J. C., Remillieux, J., Thomas, J. P.
Keywords: cluster, ion bombardment, D2


802. Fayet, P., A. Kaldor, and D.M. Cox, Palladium Clusters: H2, D2, N2, CH4, CD4, C2H4, and C2H6 Reactivity and D2 Saturation Studies. J. Chem. Phys., 1990. 92: p. 254.

First Author: Fayet, P.
All Authors: Fayet, P., Kaldor, A., Cox, D. M.
Keywords: Pd, D2, adsorption, loading


803. Fedorovich, G.F., Coulomb interaction in a radiation defect of a hydride crystal. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1990. 16(12): p. 911.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. F.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. F.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion, LiD


804. Fernandez, F., et al. Nuclear Effects in Electrolytically Deuterated Ti and Pd Electrodes. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Fernandez, F.
All Authors: Fernandez, F., Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: tritium, neutron, Ti, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, negative


805. Filimonov, V.A., Mechanism of cold nuclear fusion. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(20): p. 29 (in Russian).

First Author: Filimonov, V. A.
All Authors: Filimonov, V. A.
Keywords: Theory, cluster


806. Filimonov, V.A., On the probability of cold nuclear fusion. Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 1990. 16(19): p. 42 (in Russian).

First Author: Filimonov, V. A.
All Authors: Filimonov, V. A.
Keywords: Theory, vibration


807. Fisher, A., Much Ado About. MOSAIC, 1990. 21(2): p. 13.

First Author: Fisher, A.
All Authors: Fisher, A.
Keywords: review, history


808. Fitzpatrick, T., Cold Fusion Meet Ends Without Agreement, in Salt Lake City Tribune. 1990: Salt Lake CityEditor.

First Author: Fitzpatrick, T.
All Authors: Fitzpatrick, T.
Keywords: newspaper, history


809. Fleischmann, M. An Overview of Cold Fuson Phenomena. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: theory, history, ICCF-1

The present position of research in the field of Cold Fusion has already been outlined in two papers presented at this meeting. This report will therefore emphasize the early work and general considerations which led us to investigate the possibility of inducing nuclear reactions of D+ in palladium electrodes . . . This is followed by a brief assessment of the position reached at the end of the first year of research in this field as summarized by the papers presented at this conference.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmananoverview.pdf


810. Fleischmann, M., et al., Calorimetry of the palladium-deuterium-heavy water system. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 287: p. 293.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Anderson, M. W., Li, L. J., Hawkins, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, heat+, Pd, D2O, tritium

It is shown that accurate values of the rates of enthalpy generation in the electrolysis of light and heavy water can be obtained from measurements in simple, single compartment Dewar type calorimeter cells. This precise evaluation of the rate of enthalpy generation relies on the non-linear regression fitting of the "black-box" model of the calorimeter to an extensive set of temperature time measurements. The method of data analysis gives a systematic underestimate of the enthalpy output and, in consequence, a slightly negative excess rate of enthalpy generation for an extensive set of blank experiments using both light and heavy water. By contrast, the electrolysis of heavy water at palladium electrodes shows a positive excess rate of enthalpy generation; this rate increases markedly with current density, reaching values of approximately 100 W cm^-3 at approximately 1 A cm^-2. It is also shown that prolonged polarization of palladium cathodes in heavy water leads to bursts in the rate of enthalpy generation; the thermal output of the cells exceeds the enthalpy input (or the total energy input) to the cells by factors in excess of 40 during these bursts. The total specific energy output during the bursts as well as the total specific energy output of fully charged electrodes subjected to prolonged polarization (5-50 MJ cm^-3) is 10^2 - 10^3 times larger than the enthalpy of reaction of chemical processes.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmancalorimetr.pdf


811. Fleming, J.W., et al., Calorimetric studies of electrochemical incorporation of hydrogen isotopes into palladium. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 517.

First Author: Fleming, J. W.
All Authors: Fleming, J. W., Law, H. H., Sapjeta, J., Gallagher, P. K., Marohn, W. F.
Keywords: heat-, method, electrolysis, Pd, D2O


812. Foglio, P.A., et al., Neutron monitoring and related measurements during electrolysis of heavy water with palladium and titanium cathodes: activity report. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 131.

First Author: Foglio, P. A.
All Authors: Foglio, P. A., Sangiust, V., Cavallotti, P. L., Ducati, U., Bortignon, P. F.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, tritium, D2O


813. Fonda, L. and G.L. Shaw. Flucturations and Nonreproducibility in Cold Fusion From Free Quark Catalysis. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Fonda, L.
All Authors: Fonda, L., Shaw, G. L.
Keywords: theory, quark


814. Fonda, L. and G.L. Shaw, Deuteron cold fusion by anti-diquark catalysis. Fizika (Zagreb), 1990. 22: p. 371.

First Author: Fonda, L.
All Authors: Fonda, L., Shaw, G. L.
Keywords: Theory, anti-diquarks


815. Freedman, S. and D. Krakauer, Biases in cold fusion data. (Scientific correspondence). Nature (London), 1990. 343: p. 703.

First Author: Freedman, S.
All Authors: Freedman, S., Krakauer, D.
Keywords: critique, statistics, Jones


816. Friedmann, H., et al., Search for 'cold fusion'. Kerntechnik, 1990. 55: p. 161.

First Author: Friedmann, H.
All Authors: Friedmann, H., Hundegger, P., Kirchmayr, H. R., Pavlik, A., Vonach, H., Wiesinger, G., Winkler, G.
Keywords: D2, Ti, Ti-Fe, Y, neutron


817. Frodl, P., et al., Possible participation of lithium in Fleischmann-Pons reaction is testable. Z. Naturforsch. A, 1990. 45: p. 757.

First Author: Frodl, P.
All Authors: Frodl, P., Roessler, O. E., Hoffmann, M., Wahl, F.
Keywords: theory, Li


818. Fukada, S., et al., Neutron emission from some metal deuterides. Technol. Rep. Kyushu Univ., 1990. 63(5): p. 475 (in Japanese.

First Author: Fukada, S.
All Authors: Fukada, S., Furuya, S., Matsumoto, Y., Ishibashi, K., Mitsuishi, N.
Keywords: D2, Pd, Ti, Pd-coated C, neutron


819. Gai, M., et al., Upper limits on emission rates of neutrons and gamma-rays from 'cold fusion' in deuterated metals. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 217.

First Author: Gai, M.
All Authors: Gai, M., Rugari, S. L., France, R. H., Lund, B. J., Zhao, Z., Davenport, A. J., Isaacs, H. S., Lynn, K. G.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission


820. Gann, V.V. and V.I. Pokhodyashchii, Metastable bound states of deuterium in palladium and its role in cold nuclear fusion. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1990(1): p. 89 (in Russian).

First Author: Gann, V. V.
All Authors: Gann, V. V., Pokhodyashchii, V. I.
Keywords: Theory, effective mass, tunnelling


821. Godshall, N.A., et al., Calorimetric and thermodynamic analysis of palladium-deuterium electrochemical cells. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 229.

First Author: Godshall, N. A.
All Authors: Godshall, N. A., Roth, E. P., Kelly, M. J., Guilinger, T. R., Ewing, R. I.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, heat, neutron, method, D2O, thermodynamic


822. Goldanskii, V.I. and F.I. Dalidchik, On the possibilities of 'cold enhancement' of nuclear fusion. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 234: p. 465.

First Author: Goldanskii, V. I.
All Authors: Goldanskii, V. I., Dalidchik, F. I.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


823. Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Verification of the accelerator model for low-temperature nuclear fusion. Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1990. 9: p. 16.

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A., Chechin, V. A.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


824. Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Detection of neutrons and tritium from solid palladium targets by electrolytic deuterium charging. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(21): p. 46 (in Russian).

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Koval'chuk, E. P., Merzon, G. I., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, tritium, electroplate


825. Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Correlation between nuclear, acoustic, and electromagnetic emissions during the electrolytic saturation of palladium with deuterium. Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1990(8): p. 31.

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Merzon, G. I., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. S.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd accustic gamma emission, D2O


826. Golubnichii, P.I., et al. Observation of Nuclear Particles and Their Correlation with Acoustic and Electromagnetic Emission from Palladium Targets Loaded by Deuterium. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Philonenko, A. D., Tsaric, A. A., Kovalchuk, E. P., Merzon, G. I., Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: neutron, RF, Pd, D2O, acoustic, tritium, electrolysis


827. Golubnichii, P.I., et al. Recording of Neutron and Acoustic Emissions From Palladium Target in a Low-Background Underground Experiment. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Philonenko, A. D., Tsaric, A. A., Kuzminov, V. V., Pritichenko, B. V., Merzon, G. I., Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, acoustic, fractofusion, electrolysis


828. Gottesfeld, S., et al., Experiments and nuclear measurements in search of cold fusion processes. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 287.

First Author: Gottesfeld, S.
All Authors: Gottesfeld, S., Anderson, R. E., Baker, D. A., Bolton, R. D., Butterfield, K. B., Garzon, F. H., Goulding, C. A., Johnson, M. W., Leonard, E. M., Springer, T. E., Zawodzinski, T.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission, heat, D2O, Titanium, D2


829. Gou, Q., Z. Zhu, and Q. Zhang, Possible mechanism of cold fusion and experimental research. Yuanzi Yu Fenzi Wuli Xuebao, 1990. 7: p. 1491 (in Chinese).

First Author: Gou, Q.
All Authors: Gou, Q., Zhu, Z., Zhang, Q.
Keywords: theory, electrolysis, heat, He, Pd, Ti, D2O


830. Govorov, B.V., et al., Neutron Emission from Palladium Alloys Saturated with Deuterium. Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1990. 64(2): p. 287.

First Author: Govorov, B. V.
All Authors: Govorov, B. V., Gryaznov, V. M., Eremin, N. V., Karavanov, A. N., Roshan, N. R., Tulinov, A. F., Tyapkin, I. V.
Keywords: Pd, neutron, D2, Pd-Sm, Pd-Ru, fractofusion


831. Gozzi, D., et al., Evidences for associated heat generation and nuclear products release in palladium heavy-water electrolysis. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. 103: p. 143.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., De Maria, G., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat+, neutron+, gamma emission, D2O


832. Gozzi, D., et al., Nuclear and thermal effects during electrolytic reduction of deuterium at palladium cathode. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 241.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., De Maria, G., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Tabet, E.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, D2O


833. Gozzi, D., et al. First Results from a Ten Electrolytic Cells Experiment. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, electrolysis


834. Graesjo, L. and M. Seo, Measurement of absorption of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium during electrolysis by a quartz crystal microbalance. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 296: p. 233.

First Author: Graesjo, L.
All Authors: Graesjo, L., Seo, M.
Keywords: Pd, loading, method, frequency


835. Granada, J.R., et al., Neutron measurements on electrolytic cells (Pd-D2O) performed under very low background conditions. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1990. 27(4): p. 379.

First Author: Granada, J. R.
All Authors: Granada, J. R., Mayer, R. E., Florido, P. C., Gillette, V. H., Gomez, S. E.
Keywords: electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O, pulsed current


836. Granada, J.R., et al. Neutron Measurements on (Pd-D2O) Electrolytic Cells Under Pulsed Current Conditions. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Granada, J. R.
All Authors: Granada, J. R., Mayer, R. E., Florido, P. C., Guido, G., Gillette, V. H., Gumez, S. E., Patino, N. E., Larreteguy, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, pulsed, neutron, H2O


837. Granada, J.R., et al., Thermal neutron measurements on electrolytic cells with deuterated palladium cathodes subjected to a pulsed current. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1990. 27(3): p. 30.

First Author: Granada, J. R.
All Authors: Granada, J. R., Mayer, R. E., Guido, G., Florido, P. C., Larreteguy, A., Gillette, V. H., Patino, N. E., Converti, J., Gomez, S. E.
Keywords: electrolysis, pulsed current, Pd, neutron, D2O, H2O


838. Greenland, T., Issues connected with cold fusion: a room temperature mechanism for the production of x-rays. J. Phys B, 1990. 23: p. 1679.

First Author: Greenland, T.
All Authors: Greenland, T.
Keywords: Theory, X-ray


839. Greiner, W. and A. Sandulescu, New Radioactivities. Sci. Am., 1990. March: p. 58.

First Author: Greiner, W.
All Authors: Greiner, W., Sandulescu, A.
Keywords: theory


840. Gryzinski, M. Theory of Electron Catalyzed Fusion in Pd Lattice. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Gryzinski, M.
All Authors: Gryzinski, M.
Keywords: theory


841. Gu, A.G., et al., Experimental study on cold fusion using deuterium gas and deuterium ion beam with palladium. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 329.

First Author: Gu, A. G.
All Authors: Gu, A. G., Teng, R. K. F., Miller, M. S., Sprouse, J.
Keywords: Pd, D2, high pressure, ion bombardment, neutron


842. Guilinger, T.R., et al., Investigation of Fusion Reactions in Palladium and Titanium Tritide Using Galvanostatic, Coulometric, and Hydrogen Permeation Techniques. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 299.

First Author: Guilinger, T. R.
All Authors: Guilinger, T. R., Kelly, M. J., Scully, J. R., Christensen, T. M., Ingersoll, D., Knapp, J. A., Ewing, R. I., Casey, W. H., Tsao, S. S.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, tritium, D2O, neutron


843. Gur, T.M., et al. Experimental Considerations in Electrochemical Isoperibolic Calorimetry. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Gur, T. M.
All Authors: Gur, T. M., Schreiber, M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: heat, method, apparatus, ICCF-1

A novel concentric cylinder isoperibolic calorimeter was designed and fully characterized. Several different methods of introducing calibration power to the calorimeter were studied and the calibration constant was found to be independent of the method. Calibration constants could be determined with a precision to + 0.5 %. Furthermore, they were independent of the input power level up to 22 W and with a cell temperature up to 60 0C over appreciable periods of time. This new design possesses many advantages that makes it suitable for careful studies of the thermal behavior of electrochemical systems, such as the electrochemical insertion of deuterium into Pd cathodes.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=101


844. Gur, T.M., et al. Experimental Considerations Involved in the Generation of Excess Power as a Result of the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Gur, T. M.
All Authors: Gur, T. M., Schreiber, M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: heat+, apparatus, method


845. Guruswamy, S. and M.E. Wadsworth. Metallurgical Aspects in Cold Fusion Experiments. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Guruswamy, S.
All Authors: Guruswamy, S., Wadsworth, M. E.
Keywords: Pd, surface analysis, metallurgy, heat+, ICCF-1

Deuterium loading of palladium cathodes in Pons-Fleischmann type electrolytic cells has been observed to result in generation of excess heat on several occasions. Metallurgical examination of some of the electrodes showed extensive damage associated with deuterium loading. Surfaces have been found to be covered with large number of impurities. Initiation and sustaining these heat bursts, monitoring of nuclear products and materials aspects of these electrolytic cells have been the focus of our current efforts. As D/Pd loading appear to be critical, the measurement of deuterium loading using dilatometry as a function of current density, surface and heat treatment of the cathode and poisoning are currently being investigated.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GuruswamySmetallurgi.pdf


846. Guthrie, S.E., Helium Effects on Palladium Hydride Equilibrium Properties. 1990.

First Author: Guthrie, S. E.
All Authors: Guthrie, S. E.
Keywords: PdT, 3He, phase diagram, PdH


847. Hage, H., Boundary conditions in electrochemical measurements of diffusion coefficients of hydrogen in a-palladium. Materials Transactions JIM, 1990. 31(10): p. 842.

First Author: Hage, H.
All Authors: Hage, H.
Keywords: Pd, diffusion, H2


848. Hagelstein, P.L. Coherent Fusion Mechanisms. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory


849. Hagelstein, P.L. Status of Coherent Fusion Theory. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-1, coherent

Nuclear reactions which may exhibit coherent effects have been studied as a candidate explanation for cold fusion effects. An analysis of a general class of two-step coherent reactions involving charged nucleons has been performed, and very small reaction rates are found. This result is due to the small tunneling factors associated with coulomb repulsion.

We are investigating two-step coherent reactions which begin through weak interaction mediated electron capture, which in hydrogen isotopes would produce off-shell (virtual) neutrons. No coulomb repulsion occurs for virtual neutrons. Virtual neutron capture by deuterons would yield tritium, and virtual neutron capture by protons would yield deuterons; the latter process is favored by a factor of 104 in the square of the matrix element on a per nucleon basis, and corresponds to a heat-producing reaction. The nuclear reaction energy would be coupled into the electrolysis process, with the final reaction products stationary.

We have found that the weak interaction process can in principle be superradiant in the Dicke sense. If so, then considerable acceleration of this type of coherent reaction may occur.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=118


850. Hagelstein, P.L., Coherent fusion theory. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 451.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: Theory


851. Hagi, H., Diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in palladium films prepared by RF sputtering. Materials Transactions JIM, 1990. 31(11): p. 954.

First Author: Hagi, H.
All Authors: Hagi, H.
Keywords: diffusion, Pd, H2


852. Hale, G.M., R.D. Smith, and T.L. Talley, Nuclear reactions and screened-Coulomb fusion rates. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 187.

First Author: Hale, G. M.
All Authors: Hale, G. M., Smith, R. D., Talley, T. L.
Keywords: Theory


853. Halley, J.W. and J.L. Valles, Estimate of nuclear fusion rates arising from a molecular-dynamics model of palladium deuteride. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41(9): p. 6072.

First Author: Halley, J. W.
All Authors: Halley, J. W., Valles, J. L.
Keywords: Theory, coherency, tunelling


854. Handel, P. Influence of Surface Tension, Nucleation Centers, and Electron Effective Mass on the Achievable Level of Electrolytic Deuterium Loading. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Handel, P.
All Authors: Handel, P.
Keywords: Pd, loading, reaction, bubbles


855. Handel, P. Reformulation of the Cold Fusion Problem: Heterogeneous Nucleation - A Likely Cause of the Irreproducibility and Intermittency of Cold Fusion Observations. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Handel, P.
All Authors: Handel, P.
Keywords: surface, theory, ICCF-1

The Irreproducibility and intermittency of the observed cold nuclear fusion effects is linked to the known difficulties affecting the observation of homogeneous nucleation of D2 bubbles on the surface of the cathode in the electrolysis of D2O. In general some nucleation centers are present, allowing for heterogeneous nucleation of D2 bubbles at the Pd, Ti or Zr cathode, long before the chemical potential of D in the cathode reaches the levels necessary for cold fusion. By carefully eliminating the impurities and surface defects which can act as nucleation centers, one can create homogeneous nucleation conditions which correspond to higher values of the cathodic D chemical potential, provided the cathode is completely covered by the electrolyte, or extremely large currents are applied to the cell. A decrease of the surface tension due to tensioactive impurities in the electrolyte must also be avoided. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=307


856. Handel, P., Intermittency, irreproducibility, and the main physical effects in cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 512.

First Author: Handel, P.
All Authors: Handel, P.
Keywords: theory, gas bubble


857. Harb, J.N., W.G. Pitt, and H.D. Tolley, Statistical analysis of neutron burst size and rate during electrolysis of LiOD solutions. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 669.

First Author: Harb, J. N.
All Authors: Harb, J. N., Pitt, W. G., Tolley, H. D.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, statistics, neutron, D2O, heat


858. Harith, M.A., et al., Theoretical and experimental studies on the cold nuclear fusion phenomena". Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 704.

First Author: Harith, M. A.
All Authors: Harith, M. A., Palleschi, V., Salvetti, A., Salvetti, G., Singh, D. P., Vaselli, M.
Keywords: Theory, screening


859. Hawkins, N., et al. Investigations of Mechanisms and Occurrence of Meteorologically Triggered Cold Fusion at The Chinese Academy of Sciences. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Hawkins, N.
All Authors: Hawkins, N., Xi, S. Sh., Qi, X. Zh., Li, X. D., Wang, L., Zu, Q. X.
Keywords: electron Strings weather, Pd, D2O, Abrikosov vortices


860. Hayden, M.E., et al., High precision calorimetric search for evidence of cold fusion using in situ catalytic recombination of evolved gases. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 161.

First Author: Hayden, M. E.
All Authors: Hayden, M. E., Naerger, U., Booth, J. L., Whitehead, L. A., Hardy, W. N., Carolan, J. F., Wishnow, E. H., Balzarini, D. A., Brewer, J. H., Blake, C. C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat-, D2O


861. Henderson, R.A., et al., More searches for cold fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 475.

First Author: Henderson, R. A.
All Authors: Henderson, R. A., Czerwinski, K. R., Hall, H. L., Lesko, K. T., Norman, E. B., Sur, B., Hoffman, D. C.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd neutron, gamma emission, radioactivity Titanium, D2O, H2O


862. Herrmann, G., Five Decades Ago: From the "Transuranics" to Nuclear Fission. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1990. 29: p. 481.

First Author: Herrmann, G.
All Authors: Herrmann, G.
Keywords: review, history


863. Herzog, R.F., Fusion in a Solid: A Pump Primer, in Phys. Today. 1990. p. 120.

First Author: Herzog, R. F.
All Authors: Herzog, R. F.
Keywords: application, fusion, Ti, D2, Pump, neutron


864. Hill, J.C., et al., Search for cold fusion using Pd-D2O cells and Ti-D mixtures. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 305.

First Author: Hill, J. C.
All Authors: Hill, J. C., Stassis, C., Shinar, J., Goldman, A. I., Folkerts, R., Schwellenbach, D. D., Peterson, D. T., Widrig, C., Porter, M., Benesh, C. J., Vary, J. P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2, Titanium neutron, gamma emission, D2O H2O


865. Hora, H., et al., Plasma and surface tension model for explaining the surface effect of tritium generation at cold fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1990. 12D(3): p. 393.

First Author: Hora, H.
All Authors: Hora, H., Cicchitelli, L., Miley, G. H., Ragheb, M., Scharmann, A., Scheid, W.
Keywords: Theory, swimming electron


866. Hora, H., et al. Surface Models for Cold Fusion and the Possibilities of Multilayered Cells for Energy Production. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Hora, H.
All Authors: Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Ragheb, M., Scharmann, A.
Keywords: theory


867. Howald, R.A., Calculations on the Palladium-Lithium System for Cold Fusion. CALPHAD, 1990. 14: p. 1.

First Author: Howald, R. A.
All Authors: Howald, R. A.
Keywords: Phase Diagram, Pd-Li


868. Huang, C.Y. and M. Rabinowitz, Some New Aspects of Super-High Temperature Superconductors. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 4(9): p. 567.

First Author: Huang, C. Y.
All Authors: Huang, C. Y., Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: review, superconductivity


869. Huang, N. Effect of Light Water Additions on Excess Heat Generation of Palladium Deuterium System. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Huang, N.
All Authors: Huang, N.
Keywords: Pd, H2O, D2O, heat+, H2O addition effect of H2O


870. Huggins, R.A. Fundamental Considerations Relating to the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Palladium into Mixed Conductors. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Huggins, R. A.
All Authors: Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, loading, method, electrolysis


871. Hunter, G.W., et al., A Dewar Calorimeter for Electrochemical Studies. 1990.

First Author: Hunter, G. W.
All Authors: Hunter, G. W., Pond, G. R., Werth, J., Balko, E. N.
Keywords: method, heat


872. Hutchinson, D.P., et al., Initial Calorimetry Experiments in the Physics Division -ORNL. 1990: Oak Ridge, TN.

First Author: Hutchinson, D. P.
All Authors: Hutchinson, D. P., Bennet, C. A., Richards, R. K., Bullock, J., Powell, G. L.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, 6Li, recombination


873. Ichimaru, S., et al., Statistical-mechanical theory of cold nuclear fusion in metal hydrides. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1990. 59: p. 1333.

First Author: Ichimaru, S.
All Authors: Ichimaru, S., Nakano, A., Ogata, S., Tanaka, S., Iyetomi, H., Tajima, T.
Keywords: Theory, p-d


874. Ichimaru, S., S. Ogata, and A. Nakano, Rates of nuclear fusion in metal hydrides. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1990. 59(11): p. 3904.

First Author: Ichimaru, S.
All Authors: Ichimaru, S., Ogata, S., Nakano, A.
Keywords: Theory, p-d, fusion


875. Iguchi, T., Measurement of a very small yield of neutron using a moderating-type (3)He gas counter. Ioniz. Radiat. (Tokyo), 1990. 16(3): p. 22 (in Japanese).

First Author: Iguchi, T.
All Authors: Iguchi, T.
Keywords: neutron, method


876. Ilic, R., et al., Investigation of the deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction in cast, annealed, and cold-rolled palladium. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 505.

First Author: Ilic, R.
All Authors: Ilic, R., Rant, J., Sutej, T., Dobersek, M., Kristov, E., Skvarc, J., Kozelj, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, particle emission, neutron gamma emission, x-ray, negative


877. Ilic, R., et al., A search for neutrons, protons, tritons, (3)He ions, gamma- and x-rays from deuterium-deuterium nuclear reaction in electrochemically charged palladium. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., 1990. 17: p. 483.

First Author: Ilic, R.
All Authors: Ilic, R., Rant, J., Sutej, T., Kristof, E., Skvarc, J., Kozelj, M., Najzer, M., Humar, M., Cercek, M., Glumac, B., Cvikl, B., Fajgelj, A., Gyergyek, T., Trkov, A., Loose, A., Peternelj, J., Remec, I., Ravnik, M.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, neutron, particle emission, tritium Helium, gamma emission, x-ray, heat-, negative


878. Iyengar, P.K. and M. Srinivasan. Overview of BARC Studies in Cold Fusion. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Iyengar, P. K.
All Authors: Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M.
Keywords:

A wide variety of experiments have been carried out by twelve independent teams employing both electrolytic and gas phase loading of deuterium in Pd and Ti metals to investigate the phenomenon of cold fusion first reported by Fleischmann and Pons in March 1989. The experiments were primarily devoted to the study of the emission of nuclear particles such as neutrons and tritium with a view to verify the "nuclear origin" of cold fusion. In 22 different electrolytic experiments whose cathode surface areas ranged from 0.1 to 300 cm^2, large bursts of neutrons and/or tritium were measured. Some of these gave clear evidence that these two nuclear particles were being generated simultaneously. The neutron-to-tritium yield ratios in the majority of these experiments was in the range of 10^-6 to 10^-9. The specific neutron and tritium yields expressed per cm^2 of cathode surface area also fitted into a systematic pattern. A unique feature of the BARC electrolysis results is that the first bursts of neutrons and tritium occurred (in 8 out of 11 cells) on the very first day of commencement of electrolysis, when hardly a few amp-hrs of charge had been passed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IyengarPKoverviewof.pdf


879. Iyengar, P.K., et al., Bhabha Atomic Research Centre studies on cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 32.

First Author: Iyengar, P. K.
All Authors: Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M., Sikka, S. K., Shyam, A., Chitra, V., Kulkarni, L. V., Rout, R. K., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Sadhukhan, H. K., Nagvenkar, V. B., Nayar, M. G., Mitra, S. K., Raghunathan, P., Degwekar, S. B., Radhakrishnan, T. P., Sundaresan, R., Arunachalam, J., Raju, V. S., Kalyanaraman, R., Gangadharan, S., Venkateswaran, G., Moorthy, P. N., Venkateswarlu, K. S., Yuvaraju, B., Kishore, K., Guha, S. N., Panajkar, M. S., Rao, K. A., Raj, P., Suryanarayana, P., Sathyamoorthy, A., Datta, T., Bose, H., Prabhu, L. H., Sankaranarayanan, S., Shetiya, R. S., Veeraraghavan, N., Murthy, T. S., Sen, B. K., Joshi, P. V., Sharma, K. G. B., Joseph, T. B., Iyengar, T. S., Shrikhande, V. K., Mittal, K. C., Misra, S. C., Lal, M., Rao, P. S.
Keywords: theory, electrolysis, D2O, D2, tritium, Pd, neutron, x-ray, radioactivity


880. Izumida, T., et al., A search for neutron emission from cold nuclear fusion in a titanium-deuterium system. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 641.

First Author: Izumida, T.
All Authors: Izumida, T., Ozawa, Y., Ozawa, K., Izumi, S., Uchida, S., Miyamoto, T., Yamashita, H., Miyadera, H.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, fractofusion


881. Jaendel, M., Cold fusion in a confining phase of quantum electrodynamics. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 493.

First Author: Jaendel, M.
All Authors: Jaendel, M.
Keywords: Theory, QED


882. Jandel, M., Cold Fusion in a Confining Phase of Quantum Electrodynamics. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 493.

First Author: Jandel, M.
All Authors: Jandel, M.
Keywords: theory, electrodynamics, gamma phase


883. Jandel, M. and J. Sahrling. Pressure Enhanced Fusion Rates in Lattice Channels. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: S. E. Jones, Brigham Young Univ.

First Author: Jandel, M.
All Authors: Jandel, M., Sahrling, J.
Keywords: theory, pressure


884. Jensen, L.C. and K.S. Mortensen, Beyond fusion, annihilation reactions of confined hydrogen. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 417.

First Author: Jensen, L. C.
All Authors: Jensen, L. C., Mortensen, K. S.
Keywords: Theory, antineutron


885. Jiang, X.L., N. Xu, and L.J. Han. Point-Effect and Non-equilibrium Conditions in Electrolysis Experiments. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Jiang, X. L.
All Authors: Jiang, X. L., Xu, N., Han, L. J.
Keywords: theory


886. Jianyu, H., et al. Experimental Study on Anomalous Neutron Production in Deuterium/Solid System. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Jianyu, H.
All Authors: Jianyu, H., Rongbao, Z., Xiaozhong, W., Feng, L., Longjun, L., Hengjun, L., Jincai, J., Baosheng, T., Guoan, C., Yuan, Y., Baiting, D., Liucheng, Y., Shengzhong, Q., Guoan, Y., Hua, G., Dazhao, D., Menlove, H. O.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, D2O, D neutron


887. Jin, S., et al., The possibilities of cold nuclear fusion of deuterium. Chin. Phys. Lett., 1990. 7: p. 28.

First Author: Jin, S.
All Authors: Jin, S., Ding, Y., Liu, Y., Wu, B., Yao, D.
Keywords: Theory, plasma


888. Jones, S.E., et al. Preliminary Results from the BYU Charged-Particle Spectrometer. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E., Bartlett, T. K., Buehler, D. B., Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Wang, J. C.
Keywords: Pd, D2, particle emission, method


889. Jones, S.E., et al. In Quest of a Trigger Mechanism for Neutron Emissions from Deuterium/Solid Systems. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E., Bennion, D., Buehler, D. B., Czirr, J. B., Decker, D. L., Harb, J., Hunter, R., Jensen, G. L., Palmer, E. P., Pitt, W. G., Taylor, S. F., Thorne, J. M., Tolley, D., Wang, C., Menlove, H. O., Paciotti, M. A., Jeschovnig, P., Wolf, K. L., Cecil, E., Totsuka, Y., Anderson, D. M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron


890. Jones, S.E., D.L. Decker, and H.D. Tolley, (No title) (Scientific correspondence). Nature (London), 1990. 343: p. 703.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E., Decker, D. L., Tolley, H. D.
Keywords: critique, Jones


891. Jones, S.E., et al., Anomalous nuclear reactions in condensed matter: recent results and open questions. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 199.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E., Palmer, E. P., Czirr, J. B., Decker, D. L., Jensen, G. L., Thorne, J. M., Taylor, S. F., Rafelski, J.
Keywords: review, critique, neutron


892. Jorne, J. Stress-Induced Uphill Diffusion of Deuterium in Palladium. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York1.

First Author: Jorne, J
All Authors: Jorne, J
Keywords: Pd, D, diffusion, stress, theory


893. Jorne, J., Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium: the existence of negatively charged deuteride ions. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 519.

First Author: Jorne, J.
All Authors: Jorne, J.
Keywords: Theory, D-, lithium PdD structure


894. Jorne, J., Unsteady diffusion reaction of electrochemically produced deuterium in palladium rod. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1990. 137: p. 369.

First Author: Jorne, J.
All Authors: Jorne, J.
Keywords: Theory, loading, diffusion, PdD


895. Jow, T.R., et al., Calorimetric studies of deuterated Pd electrodes. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1990. 137(8): p. 2473.

First Author: Jow, T. R.
All Authors: Jow, T. R., Plichta, E., Walker, C., Slane, S., Gilman, S.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, heat-, D2O, H2O


896. Karabut, A.B., Y. Kucherov, and I.B. Savvatimova. Cold Fusion Observation at Gas-Discharge Device Cathode. in Anniversary Specialist Conf. on Nucl. Power Eng. in Space. 1990. Obninsk, Russia.

First Author: Karabut, A. B.
All Authors: Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B.
Keywords: Gas Discharge, Pd, heat+, neutron


897. Karabut, A.B., Y. Kucherov, and I.B. Savvatimova, Nuclear reactions at the cathode in a gas discharge. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1990. 16(6): p. 463.

First Author: Karabut, A. B.
All Authors: Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B.
Keywords: ion bombardment, D2, Pd, neutron, heat+


898. Karpov, S.Y., et al., On the possibility of a mechanism of cold nuclear fusion. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(5): p. 91 (in Russian).

First Author: Karpov, S. Yu.
All Authors: Karpov, S. Yu., Koval'chuk, Yu. V., Myachin, V. E., Pogorel'skii, Yu. V.
Keywords: theory, chemical reaction, D2O, H2O, neutron


899. Kaushik, T.C., et al., Preliminary report on direct measurement of tritium in liquid nitrogen treated TiDx chips. Indian J. Technol., 1990. 28: p. 667.

First Author: Kaushik, T. C.
All Authors: Kaushik, T. C., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Rout, R. K., Kulkarni, L. V., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Nagvenkar, V. B.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, x-ray, tritium


900. Kawai, H., Profile of the cold nuclear fever. Kinki Daigaku Genshiryoku Kenkyusho Nenpo, 1990. 27: p. 19 (in Japanese).

First Author: Kawai, H.
All Authors: Kawai, H.
Keywords: Review


901. Kay, B.D., K.R. Lykke, and R.J. Buss, Problems with the mass spectrometric determination of tritium from cold fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 491.

First Author: Kay, B. D.
All Authors: Kay, B. D., Lykke, K. R., Buss, R. J.
Keywords: critique, tritium


902. Kendall, D.L., The Role of Imagination in Science:Two Modern Examples. 1990, Albuquerque: Keynote speech for the Twentieth Southwestern Jounior Science and Humanities Symposium, Albuquerque, 4/2/90.

First Author: Kendall, D. L.
All Authors: Kendall, D. L.
Keywords: history,


903. Kim, M.S. and M.Y. Park, Comment on room temperature nuclear fusion. Anal. Sci. & Technol., 1990. 3: p. 265 (in Korean).

First Author: Kim, M. S.
All Authors: Kim, M. S., Park, M. Y.
Keywords: critique, Fleischmann


904. Kim, Y.E., Nuclear Physics Interpretation of Cold Fusion and Optimal Designs for Gas/Solid-State Fusion Device. 1990.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory


905. Kim, Y.E. Nuclear Physics Interpretation of Cold Fusion and Optimal Designs for Gas/Solid -State Device. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory, method


906. Kim, Y.E. Surface Reaction Mechanism and Lepton Screening for Cold Fusion with Electrolysis. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-1, lepton

A surface reaction mechanism and the effects of electron and muon screening are described for electrolysis fusion experiments. A general expression is given for the modified Coulomb barrier penetration factor which includes the lepton screening effect and which can be used for extrapolating the fusion cross sections to lower energies. It is shown that, when combined with the effect of velocity distribution in the context of the surface reaction mechanism, the electron screening effect may explain the claimed results of recent electrolysis fusion experiments and may also explain why it is difficult to reproduce the same result with different samples in electrolysis experiments. Experimental tests of the effects of electron and muon screening are suggested both for electrolysis experiments and for inelastic scattering experiments.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=213


907. Kim, Y.E. Surface-Reaction Theory of Cold and Warm Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory


908. Kim, Y.E., New cold nuclear fusion theory and experimental tests. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 423.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: Theory, d-t fusion


909. Kim, Y.E., Cross section for cold deuterium-deuterium fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 507.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: Theory, branching ratio, low energy


910. Kim, Y.E., Neutron burst from a high-voltage discharge between palladium electrodes in D2 gas. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 680.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: Theory, critique, Wada


911. Kim, Y.E., R.A. Rice, and G.S. Chulick, Cluster-Transport Impact Fusion. 1990.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S.
Keywords: theory,


912. Kimura, T., Quantitative evaluation of multiple production of neutrons induced by cosmic rays in materials. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1990. 27: p. 1147.

First Author: Kimura, T.
All Authors: Kimura, T.
Keywords: neutron, method, critique


913. Kitajima, M., K. Nakamura, and M. Fujitsuka, Electrical resistivity of high pressure D2-loaded Pd and Ti at low temperatures. Solid State Commun., 1990. 75: p. 159.

First Author: Kitajima, M.
All Authors: Kitajima, M., Nakamura, K., Fujitsuka, M.
Keywords: D2, resistivity, PdD, TiD, temperature


914. Klein, A.C., et al. Anomalous Heat Output from Pd Cathodes Without Detectable Nuclear Products. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Klein, A. C.
All Authors: Klein, A. C., Zahm, L. L., Binney, S. E., Reyes, J. N., Higginbotham, J. F., Robinson, A. H., Daniels, M., Peterson, R. B.
Keywords: Pd D2O, heat+, tritium, neutron, gamma emission, electrolysis


915. Knapp, J.A., et al., Thin-foil electrochemical cells: high-sensitivity fusion tests and in-situ beam measurements of deuterium loading. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 371.

First Author: Knapp, J. A.
All Authors: Knapp, J. A., Guilinger, T. R., Kelly, M. J., Doyle, B. L., Walsh, D., Tsao, S. S.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, D2, H2, ion implantation


916. Kocsis, M., et al., Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1990. 145(5): p. 327.

First Author: Kocsis, M.
All Authors: Kocsis, M., Nyikos, L., Szentpetery, I., Horvath, D., Kecskemeti, J., Lovas, A., Pajkossy, T., Pocs, L.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O


917. Kogashi, S., Present status of cold fusion research. J. Inst. Electron. Inf. Commun. Eng. (Japan), 1990. 73: p. 1311 (in Japanese).

First Author: Kogashi, S.
All Authors: Kogashi, S.
Keywords: history


918. Komarov, V.V., Does Cold Fusion Exist and is it Measurable? Z. Naturforsch. A, 1990. 45(2): p. 759.

First Author: Komarov, V. V.
All Authors: Komarov, V. V.
Keywords: theory


919. Konishi, S. Translated Summary of the "Proc. of the Topical Meeting on Cold Fusion". in Proc. of the Topical Meeting on Cold Fusion. 1990. Japan.

First Author: Konishi, S.
All Authors: Konishi, S.
Keywords: history, review


920. Koonin, S.E. and M. Mukerjee, Branching ratios in low-energy deuteron-induced reactions. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. 42: p. 1639.

First Author: Koonin, S. E.
All Authors: Koonin, S. E., Mukerjee, M.
Keywords: Theory, branching ratio, critique


921. Kosyakhkov, A.A., et al., Neutron yield in the deuterium ion implantation into titanium. Fiz. Tverd. Tela, 1990. 32: p. 3672 (in Russian).

First Author: Kosyakhkov, A. A.
All Authors: Kosyakhkov, A. A., Cherepin, V. T., Kolotyi, V. V., Kisurin, K. K.
Keywords: ion bombardment, Ti, neutron


922. Kosyakhkov, A.A., et al., Mass-spectrometric study of the products of nuclear reactions occurring by ion-plasma saturation of titanium with deuterium. Dokl. Akad. Nauk [Tekh. Fiz.], 1990. 312(1): p. 96 (in Russian).

First Author: Kosyakhkov, A. A.
All Authors: Kosyakhkov, A. A., Triletskii, S. S., Cherepin, V. T., Chichkan, S. M.
Keywords: ion bombardment, Ti, neutron


923. Kulakov, A.V., E.V. Orlenko, and A.A. Rumyantsev, Problem of physical mechanism of so-called cold fusion. Power Eng. (USSR Acad. Sci), 1990. 28(1): p. 141.

First Author: Kulakov, A. V.
All Authors: Kulakov, A. V., Orlenko, E. V., Rumyantsev, A. A.
Keywords: theory screening


924. Lautzenhiser, T. and D. Phelps, Cold Fusion: Report on a Recent Amoco Experiment. 1990, Amoco Production Company.

First Author: Lautzenhiser, T.
All Authors: Lautzenhiser, T., Phelps, D
Keywords: Excess heat, tritium

This report will discuss briefly some of the early calorimetric experiments on cold fusion and in more detail, a single experiment just concluded. A closed cell electrolytic experiment has been conducted using a palladium cathode and platinum anode with accurate (+/-0.001 watt) calorimetric measurements. Results indicate a positive energy output of approximately 50 Kilojoules more than was input to the experiment through electrolysis current and heater current. The heat output was observed both as short term bursts of energy and as long term sustained production. Colorimetric calibration with an internal heat source showed essentially identical data before and after the electrolysis experiment. Material balance for palladium, water and lithium showed essentially no material had been consumed during the experiment. Tritium levels measured before and after electrolysis showed a factor of 3 increase that cannot be accounted for by concentration effects.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Lautzenhiscoldfusion.pdf


925. Lawson, A.C., et al., Strain and particle size of palladium metal powders. Adv. in X-ray Analysis, 1990. 33: p. 403.

First Author: Lawson, A. C.
All Authors: Lawson, A. C., Conant, J. W., Talcott, C. L., David, M. A., Vaninetti, J., Goldstone, J. A., Williams, A., Roof, R. B., Von Dreele, R. B.
Keywords: strain, particle-size, Pd


926. Lewis, D. and K. Sk'ld, A phenomenological study of the Fleischmann-Pons effect. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 294: p. 275.

First Author: Lewis, D.
All Authors: Lewis, D., Sk'ld, K.
Keywords: electrolysis, heat, neutron, D2O, Pd, tritium


927. Lewis, L.N., P.G. Kosky, and N. Lewis, On the search for non-electrochemical cold fusion: production of D2 off of high surface area Pd colloid. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1990. 145: p. 81.

First Author: Lewis, L. N.
All Authors: Lewis, L. N., Kosky, P. G., Lewis, N.
Keywords: loading heat, neutron gamma emission, method


928. Li, X.Z., An Introduction to Cold Fusion, in Science Daily. 1990.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z.
Keywords: Review

Review of cold fusion, in Chinese.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZanintroduc.pdf


929. Li, X.Z., et al. The Precursor of "Cold Fusion" Phenomenon in Deuterium/Solid Systems. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z., Dong, S. Y., Wang, K. L., Feng, Y., Luo, C., Hu, R., Zhou, P., Mo, D., Zhu, Y., Song, C., Chen, Y., Yao, M., Ren, C., Chen, Q.
Keywords: particle emission, X-ray, CR-39, D2, Pd

It is suggested that detecting the precursor of the "cold fusion" phenomenon in deuterium/solid systems will help solve the problem of reproducibility. The results of first step in this direction are discussed. Electromagnetic radiation and energetic charged particles have been detected. It has been shown that the surface condition has an important impact on this phenomenon.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZtheprecurs.pdf


930. Liaw, B.Y., et al. Elevated Temperature Excess Heat Production Using Molten-Salt Electrochemical Techniques. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Liaw, B. Y.
All Authors: Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Turner, P., Liebert, B. E.
Keywords: molten salt, heat+, Pd, Fused Salt

An investigation of elevated-temperature excess heat production in the Ti-D and Pd-D systems is presented here. A eutectic LiCl-KCl molten salt saturated with LiD is used as the electrolyte in a Pd/Al or Ti/Al electrochemical cell. Typical operating temperatures are around 370C, which results in faster kinetics compared to room temperature operation. If this system can be developed for utility applications, high-grade heat and high thermodynamic efficiencies can be expected. Since the electrolyte provides a very reducing environment, metal surface oxides are readily removed; thus, this unique system offers the possibility of using less expensive materials than Pd. A modified isoperibol calorimeter was built for the excess power measurements. Preliminary results show high levels of excess power output, especially in the Pd-D system, although the effect remains sporadic.

This is the Fusion Facts version of the paper, with a different title.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiawBYelevatedte.pdf


931. Lievrouw, L.A., Communication and the social representation of scientific knowledge. Crit. Stud. Mass Commun., 1990. 7: p. 1.

First Author: Lievrouw, L. A.
All Authors: Lievrouw, L. A.
Keywords: history, discussion


932. Lin, G.H., et al., Electrochemical fusion: a mechanism speculation. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 280: p. 207.

First Author: Lin, G. H.
All Authors: Lin, G. H., Kainthla, R. C., Packham, N. J. C., Bockris, J.
Keywords: dendrite, tritium, Pd, electrolysis, D2O


933. Lin, G.H., et al., On electrochemical tritium production. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1990. 15: p. 537.

First Author: Lin, G. H.
All Authors: Lin, G. H., Kainthla, R. C., Packham, N. J. C., Velev, O. A., Bockris, J.
Keywords: tritium, Pd, electrolysis, dendrite, D2O


934. Lin, T.L. and C.C. Liu, Cold fusion experiment at Department of Nuclear Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 487.

First Author: Lin, T. L.
All Authors: Lin, T. L., Liu, C. C.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, electrolysis, D2O


935. Lindley, D., The Embarrassment of Cold Fusion. Nature (London), 1990. 344: p. 375.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history

This paper is available from:

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v344/n6265/pdf/344375a0.pdf

A copy is also available here:

http://newenergytimes.com/v2/inthenews/1990/Nature-Embarassment.shtml

These links along with some selected quotes from the paper are included in the version here.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LindleyDtheembarra.pdf


936. Lindley, D., Utah Faculty Protest Cold Fusion Dealings. Nature (London), 1990. 345: p. 561.

First Author: Lindley, D.
All Authors: Lindley, D.
Keywords: history


937. Lipson, A.G., et al., Observation of neutrons from cavitation action on substances containing deuterium. Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 1990. 16(9): p. 89 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P., Sirotyuk, M. G., Khavroshkin, O. B., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: D2O, H2O, LaNi5, ultrasonic, neutron, fractofusion


938. Lipson, A.G., et al., Neutron generation by mechanical activation of metal surfaces. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1990. 16(17): p. 54 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Toporov, Yu. P., Deryagin, B. V.
Keywords: fractofusion, Ti, LaNi5, friction, neutron, D2O


939. Liu, Z., et al., Photoemission studies of Pd/D system with high deuterium content. Chin. Phys. Lett., 1990. 7: p. 125.

First Author: Liu, Z.
All Authors: Liu, Z., Xie, K., Qi, S., Cao, J., Li, N., Yu, X., Lin, Z.
Keywords: photoemission, PdD, surface analysis, loading, structure


940. Longhurst, G.R., T.J. Dolan, and G.L. Henriksen, An investigation of energy balances in palladium cathode electrolysis experiments. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 337.

First Author: Longhurst, G. R.
All Authors: Longhurst, G. R., Dolan, T. J., Henriksen, G. L.
Keywords: Pd electrolysis D2O, heat- neutron, gamma emission, tritium-


941. Lopez, E., et al. Search for Charged-Particle d-d Fusion Products in an Encapsulated Pd Thin Film. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Lopez, E.
All Authors: Lopez, E., Neuhauser, B., Ziemba, F., Jackson, J., Mapoles, E., McVittie, J., Powell, R.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, ion implantation, loading, gamma emission


942. Lorenzini, E., P. Tartarini, and M. Trentin, Cold fusion: status of the research. Tec. Ital., 1990. 55(1): p. 1 (in Italian).

First Author: Lorenzini, E.
All Authors: Lorenzini, E., Tartarini, P., Trentin, M.
Keywords: review


943. Louis, E., et al., Calculation of hydrogen-hydrogen potential energies and fusion rates in palladium hydride (PdxH2) clusters (x=2,4). Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 42: p. 4996.

First Author: Louis, E.
All Authors: Louis, E., Moscardo, F., San-Fabian, E., Perez-Jorda, J. M.
Keywords: theory, cluster phonon vibration, distance


944. Maddox, J., Farewell (not fond) to cold fusion. Nature (London), 1990. 344(6265): p. 365.

First Author: Maddox, J.
All Authors: Maddox, J.
Keywords: review

This paper is available from:

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v344/n6265/pdf/344365a0.pdf

A copy is also available here:

http://newenergytimes.com/v2/inthenews/1990/Nature-Farewell.shtml

These links along with some selected quotes from the paper are included in the version here.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MaddoxJfarewellno.pdf


945. Marcus, H.L., AES Examination of CF Samples. 1990: letter.

First Author: Marcus, H. L.
All Authors: Marcus, H. L.
Keywords: surface analysis, tritium,


946. Mas, F., et al., Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration. J. Chem. Phys., 1990. 93: p. 6118.

First Author: Mas, F.
All Authors: Mas, F., Paniagua, J. C., Puy, J., Salvador, J., Vilaseca, E.
Keywords: critique, Rosen, theory


947. Massaron, M. and F. Lamperti, La fusione fredda (Cold fusion). Tecnol. Chim., 1990. 10(4): p. 98 (in Italian).

First Author: Massaron, M.
All Authors: Massaron, M., Lamperti, F.
Keywords: history


948. Matsuda, J.I., T. Matsumoto, and K. Nagao, An attempt to detect (3)He from the cold nuclear fusion. J. Geochem., 1990. 24: p. 379.

First Author: Matsuda, J. I.
All Authors: Matsuda, J. I., Matsumoto, T., Nagao, K.
Keywords: electrolysis neutron, titanium, helium tritium, D2O, H2O


949. Matsumoto, O., et al. Tritium Production Rate. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Matsumoto, O.
All Authors: Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, T/n, electrolysis


950. Matsumoto, O., et al., Detection of neutrons in electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution by means of fission track method. Denki Kagaku, 1990. 58: p. 147.

First Author: Matsumoto, O.
All Authors: Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2SO4, Pd, neutron


951. Matsumoto, O., et al., Detection of tritium in cathode materials after the electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution. Denki Kagaku, 1990. 58: p. 471.

First Author: Matsumoto, O.
All Authors: Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2SO4, tritium, Pd


952. Matsumoto, T. Progress of NATTOH Model and New Particles Emitted During Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Theory Nattoh, iton new particle


953. Matsumoto, T., Cold fusion observed with ordinary water. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 490.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, H2O


954. Matsumoto, T., Observation of new particles emitted during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 356.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Nattoh, iton, film, electrolysis, Pd


955. Matsumoto, T., Prediction of new particle emission on cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 647.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: iton, nattoh, theory new particle deuteron cluster


956. Matsunami, N., Solid state effects on tunnelling probability for d+d nuclear fusion at room temperature. Radiat. Effects Defects Solids, 1990. 112: p. 181.

First Author: Matsunami, N.
All Authors: Matsunami, N.
Keywords: Theory, screening


957. Mayer, F.J., J.S. King, and J.R. Reitz, Nuclear fusion from crack-generated particle acceleration. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 269.

First Author: Mayer, F. J.
All Authors: Mayer, F. J., King, J. S., Reitz, J. R.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


958. McBreen, J., Absorption of electrolytic hydrogen and deuterium by Pd: the effect of cyanide adsorption. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 287: p. 279.

First Author: McBreen, J.
All Authors: McBreen, J.
Keywords: Pd, D, H, overvoltage, CN, absorption, surface


959. McCracken, D.R., et al., In search of nuclear fusion in electrolytic cells and in metal/gas systems. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 121.

First Author: McCracken, D. R.
All Authors: McCracken, D. R., Paquette, J., Boniface, H. A., Graham, W. R. C., Johnson, R. E., Briden, N. A., Cross, W. G., Arneja, A., Tennant, D. C., Lone, M. A., Buyers, W. J. L., Chambers, K. W., McIlwain, A. K., Attas, E. M., Dutton, R.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, Titanium D2 neutron, gamma emission, tritium, heat-


960. McCracken, G.M., et al., Experimental search for 'cold fusion' in the deuterium-titanium system. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 1990. 23: p. 469.

First Author: McCracken, G. M.
All Authors: McCracken, G. M., Bailey, M., Croft, S., Findlay, D. J. S., Gibson, A., Govier, R. P., Jarvis, O. N., Milton, H. J., Powell, B. A., Sadler, G., Sene, M. R., Sweetman, D.R., van Belle, P., Watson, H. H. H.
Keywords: titanium D2 neutron diffusion


961. McDonald, K.A., Claims of Proponents of Cold Fusion Still Spark Controversy a Year Later. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 1990.

First Author: McDonald, K. A.
All Authors: McDonald, K. A.
Keywords: history, review


962. McFee, R.W., Review of ICCF1, Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990.

First Author: McFee, R. W.
All Authors: McFee, R. W.
Keywords: history


963. McKee, J.S.C., et al. Neutron Emission from Low-Energy Deuteron Injection of Deuteron-Implanted Metal Foils (Pd, Ti, and In). in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: McKee, J. S. C.
All Authors: McKee, J. S. C., Smith, G. R., Durocher, J. J. G., Kwok, C. B., Johnston, H. L., Mathur, M. S., Mayer, J. K., Mirzai, A., Yeo, Y. H., Sharma, K. S., Williams, G.
Keywords: ion implantation Pd, D2, titanium, neutron, x-ray


964. McKibben, J.L., Explanation of low-intensity cold fusion. 1990.

First Author: McKibben, J. L.
All Authors: McKibben, J. L.
Keywords: theory


965. McKibben, J.L., Passed-Over Evidence for Fractionally-Charged Particles with Associated Color Change. 1990.

First Author: McKibben, J. L.
All Authors: McKibben, J. L.
Keywords: theory fractional charge new particle


966. McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Calorimetry and Electrochemistry in the D/Pd System. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: McKubre, M. C. H.
All Authors: McKubre, M. C. H., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Chao, J., Chexal, B., Passell, T. O., Santucci, J.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, resistance, loading, autoradiograph, X-ray, ICCF-1

Experiments have been performed to examine the anomalous effects associated with the D/Pd system, and to discover some of the experimental variables that might be important to the effects. Experiments were concerned with calorimetry of the D/Pd system, but also monitored those experimental variables that might be important in causing the effects: the D/Pd ratio and its rate of change, interfacial phenomena such as the reduction of D2O, or reduction of contaminant species. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcalorimetr.pdf


967. Menlove, H.O. High-Sensitivity Measurements of Neutron Emission From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Menlove, H. O.
All Authors: Menlove, H. O.
Keywords: neutron, titanium, D2 ICCF-1

Recent measurements of neutron emission from Ti metal in pressurized D2 gas have established the multiplicity distribution of neutron bursts emitted from the samples. A new 3He detector system with high sensitivity has been used to lower the detection limit so that small bursts emitting from 2-10 n can be distinguished from the cosmic-ray background. The frequency distribution of the neutrons indicates that the lower multiplicities occur much more frequently than the higher multiplicities as shown in Fig. 1. The improved sensitivity in our new detector system was obtained by using low radioactive background stainless-steel tubes, a small detector volume with high efficiency, and additional cosmic ray shielding. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=269


968. Menlove, H.O., et al., The measurement of neutron emission from Ti plus D2 gas. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 215.

First Author: Menlove, H. O.
All Authors: Menlove, H. O., Fowler, M. M., Garcia, E., Mayer, A., Miller, M. C., Ryan, R. R., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: titanium, D2, neutron


969. Menlove, H.O., et al., Measurement of neutron emission from Ti and Pd in pressurized D2 gas and D2O electrolysis cells. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 495.

First Author: Menlove, H. O.
All Authors: Menlove, H. O., Fowler, M. M., Garcia, E., Miller, M. C., Paciotti, M. A., Ryan, R. R., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: Pd, titanium, electrolysis, neutron, D2O


970. Menlove, H.O. and M.C. Miller, Neutron-burst detectors for cold-fusion experiments. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1990. 299: p. 10.

First Author: Menlove, H. O.
All Authors: Menlove, H. O., Miller, M. C.
Keywords: neutron, titanium, method, D2


971. Menlove, H.O., et al. Reproducible Neutron Emission Measurements From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Menlove, H. O.
All Authors: Menlove, H. O., Paciotti, M. A., Claytor, T. N., Maltrud, H. R., Rivera, O. M., Tuggle, D. G., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: titanium, D2, neutron

During the past year, we have measured neutron emission from samples of titanium (Ti) metal and sponge in pressurized D2 gas. In January 1990, we improved our sample preparation procedure and our detector sensitivity level so that the neutron-emission measurements are now reproducible, but not yet predictable. We have measured excess neutron emission from the majority of our most recent samples using our high-sensitivity neutron detectors. The improved sensitivity in our new detector system was obtained by using low-radioactive-background stainless steel tubes, a small detector volume with high efficiency, and additional cosmic-ray shielding. Our most sensitive detector consists of two independent segments making up inner and outer rings of 3He tubes. The combined total efficiency is 44%. In addition to inner and outer ring segments, we have three separate detector systems operating in parallel control experiments to monitor environmental change. We have measured neutron bursts from a variety of samples containing Ti metal and D2 gas. The low-multiplicity bursts, emitting from 2 to 10 n, occur much more frequently than the higher multiplicity bursts. By measuring high-mass samples (300 g Ti) over several weeks, with many liquid nitrogen temperature cycles, we have detected neutron emission above the background from most of the samples with a significance level of 3 to 9 σ.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MenloveHOreproducib.pdf


972. Meyerhof, W.E. Statistical Analysis of a Cold Fusion Experiment. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Meyerhof, W. E.
All Authors: Meyerhof, W. E.
Keywords: critique, Yagi


973. Middleton, R., J. Klein, and D. Fink, Tritium measurements with a tandem accelerator. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 1990. 47: p. 409.

First Author: Middleton, R.
All Authors: Middleton, R., Klein, J., Fink, D.
Keywords: tritium, method, titanium, D2 TiD


974. Miles, M. and R.E. Miles, Theoretical neutron flux levels, dose rates, and metal foil activation in electrochemical cold fusion experiments. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 295: p. 409.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Miles, R. E.
Keywords: theory, neutron, method


975. Miles, M., K.H. Park, and D.E. Stilwell. Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies of the Cold Fusion Effect. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Park, K. H., Stilwell, D. E.
Keywords: heat, Pd, D2O, method, electrolysis, ICCF-1

Several types of calorimetric cell designs were used in attempts to measure excess enthalpy during the electrolysis of LiOD/D2O using palladium cathodes. Control experiments were run by using light water in place of D2O or by using platinum cathodes in place of palladium. Initial experiments using thin palladium cathodes of an unknown purity gave no significant differences between the Pd/D2O cells and the controls. For example, the ratio of heat out to Joule heat in was 1.00 0.04 for one study and 1.065 0.04 for another study in LiOD/D2O compared to 1.075 0.07 in LiOH/H2O. The use of a much thicker palladium rod (99.96%, d = 0.635 cm) from Johnson Matthey, however, resulted in calorimetric evidence for excess enthalpy in five out of six cells. The excess rate of heating averaged 0.39 W/cm^3 over a 9-day period in one experiment. The total excess enthalpy observed was 110,000 J. This excess enthalpy is difficult to explain by chemical reactions. Similar experiments conducted in H2O did not produce significant amounts of excess enthalpy. Possible experimental errors in these calorimetric studies are being investigated.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMelectrochea.pdf


976. Miles, M., K.H. Park, and D.E. Stilwell, Electrochemical calorimetric evidence for cold fusion in the palladium-deuterium system. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 296: p. 241.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Park, K. H., Stilwell, D. E.
Keywords: heat+, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O, tritium


977. Miley, G.H., Book Review: Cold Fusion,The Making of a Scientific Controversy by F. D. Peat. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 730.

First Author: Miley, G. H.
All Authors: Miley, G. H.
Keywords: history, Book Review


978. Miley, G.H., O. Barnouin, and B. Temple. Detection of Reaction Products Induced in Plasma Focus Electrodes. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Miley, G. H.
All Authors: Miley, G. H., Barnouin, O., Temple, B.
Keywords: ion implantation, gas discharge, method


979. Miley, G.H., M. Ragheb, and H. Hora. On Aspects of Nuclear Products. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Miley, G. H.
All Authors: Miley, G. H., Ragheb, M., Hora, H.
Keywords: theory, nuclear Reaction, energy, ICCF-1

Reaction product measurements are not yet conclusive and often appear contradictory. Still the measurement of tritium in several different laboratories appears most convincing. However, there is growing evidence that the tritium production rate can only account for a few percent of the heating rate while the neutron rate is only 10^-5 to 10^-8 times the tritium rate.

Various mechanisms proposed to explain these observations are reviewed. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=221


980. Miljanic, S., et al., An attempt to replicate cold fusion claims. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 340.

First Author: Miljanic, S.
All Authors: Miljanic, S., Jevtic, N., Pesic, S., Ninkovic, M., Nikolic, D., Josipovic, M., Petkovska, L. J., Bacic, S.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, CR-39, D2, titanium


981. Mills, R.L. and J.J. Farrell, A New Atomic Theory. 1990.

First Author: Mills, R. L.
All Authors: Mills, R. L., Farrell, J. J.
Keywords: theory


982. Montgomery, J.R., et al. Correlated Nuclear and Thermal Measurements in D/Pd and H/Pd Systems. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Montgomery, J. R.
All Authors: Montgomery, J. R., Jeffery, R., Amiri, F., Adams, J.
Keywords: Pd, D, neutron


983. Morgan, J.D., Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration. J. Chem. Phys., 1990. 93: p. 6115.

First Author: Morgan, J. D.
All Authors: Morgan, J. D.
Keywords: theory, critique, Rosen


984. Morgan, J.D. and H.J. Monkhurst, Simple model for accurate calculation of Coulomb-barrier penetration factors in molecular fusion rates. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1990. 42(9): p. 5175.

First Author: Morgan, J. D.
All Authors: Morgan, J. D., Monkhurst, H. J.
Keywords: theory, Born-Oppenheimer, distance


985. Morrey, J.R., et al., Measurements of helium in electrolyzed palladium. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 659.

First Author: Morrey, J. R.
All Authors: Morrey, J. R., Caffee, M. W., Farrar IV, H., Hoffman, N. J., Hudson, G. B., Jones, R. H., Kurz, M. D., Lupton, J., Oliver, B. M., Ruiz, B. V., Wacker, J. F., van Veen, A.
Keywords: helium Pd review


986. Morrison, D.R.O., The Rise And Decline of Cold Fusion. Physics World, 1990: p. 35.

First Author: Morrison, D. R. O.
All Authors: Morrison, D. R. O.
Keywords: review, critque, history


987. Morrison, D.R.O. Review of Cold Fusion. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Morrison, D. R. O.
All Authors: Morrison, D. R. O.
Keywords: history

Experimental results on Cold Fusion are reviewed. Most experiments find no effect and the upper limits are appreciably lower than the positive effects claimed in some experiments. It is concluded that (a) there is no excess heat production, (b) the balance of evidence is strongly against fusion products. A curious Regionalisation of Results is observed where only negative results are found in some parts of the world and only positive results in other pans. Further the ratio of positive to negative results varies with time. Previous studies of Palladium indicate that fusion should not occur inside the metal. Cold Fusion is best explained as an example of Pathological Science.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MorrisonDRreviewofco.pdf


988. Muguet, F.F. and M.P. Bassez-Muguet, Ab initio computations of one and two hydrogen or deuterium atoms in the palladium tetrahedral site. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 383.

First Author: Muguet, F. F.
All Authors: Muguet, F. F., Bassez-Muguet, M. P.
Keywords: theory, tetrahedral, structure, PdD, distance


989. Mukhopadhyay, R., et al., Real time deuterium loading investigation in palladium using neutron diffraction. Solid State Commun., 1990. 75: p. 359.

First Author: Mukhopadhyay, R.
All Authors: Mukhopadhyay, R., Dasannacharya, B. A., Nandan, D., Singh, A. J., Iyer, R. M.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, phase diagram, lattice parameter, diffusion


990. Murr, L.E., Palladium metallurgy and cold fusion: some remarks. Scr. Metallurg. Mater., 1990. 24: p. 783.

First Author: Murr, L. E.
All Authors: Murr, L. E.
Keywords: discussion, Pd, metallography


991. Myers, S.M., et al., Search for Cold Fusion in Superstoichiometric Palladium Deuteride Using Ion Implantation. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 263.

First Author: Myers, S. M.
All Authors: Myers, S. M., Follstaedt, D. M., Schirber, J. E., Richards, P. M.
Keywords: Pd, Zr, titanium, D2, implantion, negative


992. Nager, U., et al., High Precision Calorimetric Apparatus for Studying Electrolysis Reactions. Rev. Sci. Instr., 1990. 61(5): p. 1504.

First Author: Nager, U.
All Authors: Nager, U., Hayden, M. E., Booth, J. L., Hardy, W. N., Whitehead, L. A., Carolan, J. F., Balzarini, D. A., Wishnow, E. H., Blake, C. C.
Keywords: calorimeter, method, apparatus, heat


993. Nakazawa, M., Urtra low-level neutron counting. Hoshasen, 1990. 16(3): p. 8 (in Japanese).

First Author: Nakazawa, M.
All Authors: Nakazawa, M.
Keywords: review, neutron, method


994. Nakazawa, M., et al., Cold fusion and low level neutron measurements. Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkaishi, 1990. 32: p. 114 (In Japanese).

First Author: Nakazawa, M.
All Authors: Nakazawa, M., Shibata, T., Iguchi, T., Akimoto, T., Niimura, N., Oyama, Y., Aizawa, O.
Keywords: review


995. NCFI. The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: NCFI
All Authors: NCFI
Keywords:

Proceedings of The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf


996. Nimtz, G. and P. Marquardt, A proposal for a lukewarm nuclear fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 518.

First Author: Nimtz, G.
All Authors: Nimtz, G., Marquardt, P.
Keywords: theory


997. Nishizawa, K., Radiation Protection Aspects of cold fusion. Hoken Butsuri, 1990. 25: p. 288 (in Japanese).

First Author: Nishizawa, K.
All Authors: Nishizawa, K.
Keywords: health


998. Oguro, K., Hydrogen absorbing alloys and low-temperature nuclear fusion. Zairyo, 1990. 39(437): p. 228 (in Japanese).

First Author: Oguro, K.
All Authors: Oguro, K.
Keywords: review


999. Olemskoj, A.I. and E.A. Toropov, On the fluctuation theory of cold fusion. Ukr. Fiz. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), 1990. 35(11): p. 1619 (in Russian).

First Author: Olemskoj, A. I.
All Authors: Olemskoj, A. I., Toropov, E. A.
Keywords: theory, Anderson


1000. Oriani, R.A., et al., Calorimetric measurements of excess power output during the cathodic charging of deuterium into palladium. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 652.

First Author: Oriani, R. A.
All Authors: Oriani, R. A., Nelson, J. C., Lee, S. K., Broadhurst, J. H.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, tritium, neutron

A Seebeck-effect calorimeter was used to establish that generation of energy, in excess of the electrical energy input, can occur during the electrolysis of D2O. The magnitude of the excess power is measured with respect to the electrolysis of H2O as the baseline. The excess power levels of >60 W/cm^3 palladium and excess energies of 74 kJ cannot be understood in terms of recombination of D2 and O2 within the calorimeter, other chemical reactions, or a storage-and-relaxation mechanism.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAcalorimetr.pdf


1001. Oyama, N., et al., Electrochemical calorimetry of D2O electrolysis using a palladium cathode - an undivided, open cell system. Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1990. 63: p. 2659.

First Author: Oyama, N.
All Authors: Oyama, N., Ohsaka, T., Hatozaki, O., Kurasawa, Y., Yamamoto, N., Kasahara, S., Ohta, N., Imai, Y., Oyama, Y., Nakamura, T., Shibata, T., Imamura, M., Uwamino, Y., Shibata, S.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, heat


1002. Oyama, N., et al., Probing absorption of deuterium into palladium cathodes during D2O electrolysis with an in situ electrochemical microbalance technique. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, 1990. 29(5): p. L818.

First Author: Oyama, N.
All Authors: Oyama, N., Yamamoto, N., Hatozaki, O., Ohsaka, T.
Keywords: Pd, loading, x-ray, structure

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:

The in situ observation of the absorption of deuterium (or hydrogen) into the Pd cathode during D2O (or H2O) electrolysis was made by an electrochemical microbalance technique which is based on the quartz-crystal electrode. The resonant frequency of the Pd-coated quartz-crystal electrode decreased with increasing amount of charge passed during electrolysis, and the frequency change for the D2O electrolysis was about twice that for the H2O electrolysis. The atom ratios of H/Pd and D/Pd of the H-Pd and D-Pd compounds resulting from the electrolysis were estimated to be 0.59 and 0.57, respectively.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OyamaNprobingabs.pdf


1003. Oyama, Y., Very low level flux neutron measurement with an NE213 liquid scintillator. Hoshasen, 1990. 16: p. 15 (in Japanese).

First Author: Oyama, Y.
All Authors: Oyama, Y.
Keywords: neutron, method


1004. Palamalai, A., et al., Preliminary experimental studies on electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium. Trans. SAEST, 1990. 25: p. 73.

First Author: Palamalai, A.
All Authors: Palamalai, A., Ahmed, A., Sampath, M., Chinnusamy, A., Prasad, G. N., Krishna Rao, K. S., Sreedharan, O. M., Raman, V. R., Balasubramanian, G. R.
Keywords: electrolysis, titanium, Pd, D2O, neutron


1005. Paleschi, V., et al., A plasma model of the process of cold nuclear fusion in metals. Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 148: p. 345.

First Author: Paleschi, V.
All Authors: Paleschi, V., Harith, M. A., Salvetti, G., Singh, D. P., Vaselli, M.
Keywords: theory


1006. Para, A.F., et al., Neutron Monitoring and Related Measurements During Electrolysis of Heavy Water with Palladium and Titanium Cathodes: Activity Report. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 131.

First Author: Para, A. F.
All Authors: Para, A. F., Ducati, U., Sangiust, V., Cavallotti, P. L., Bortignon, P. F.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, Mass Spectrometry


1007. Parish, T.A., R.T. Perry, and W.B. Wilson, Neutron sources and spectra from cold fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 479.

First Author: Parish, T. A.
All Authors: Parish, T. A., Perry, R. T., Wilson, W. B.
Keywords: neutron, method spectra, gamma emission, theory


1008. Parmenter, R.H. and W.E. Lamb, Cold fusion in palladium: a more realistic calculation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1990. 87: p. 8652.

First Author: Parmenter, R. H.
All Authors: Parmenter, R. H., Lamb, W. E.
Keywords: theory, Thomas-Fermi-Mott


1009. Parmenter, R.H. and W.E. Lamb, More cold fusion in metals: corrected calculations and other considerations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1990. 87: p. 3177.

First Author: Parmenter, R. H.
All Authors: Parmenter, R. H., Lamb, W. E.
Keywords: theory


1010. Paseka, I. and J. Vondrak, Cold nuclear fusion. Chem. Listy, 1990. 84: p. 897 (in Czech).

First Author: Paseka, I.
All Authors: Paseka, I., Vondrak, J.
Keywords: review


1011. Pokropivnii, V.V. and V.V. Ogorodnikov, The bineutron model of cold nuclear fusion in metals. Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 1990. 16(21): p. 31 (in Russian).

First Author: Pokropivnii, V. V.
All Authors: Pokropivnii, V. V., Ogorodnikov, V. V.
Keywords: theory, dineutron


1012. Pons, S. and M. Fleischmann. Calorimetry of the Palladium-Deuterium System. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Pons, S.
All Authors: Pons, S., Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, method., electrolysis, ICCF-1

Our calorimetric measurements of the Pd/D system both in the period leading up to the preliminary publication (1) (for some corrections see(2)) and in the period leading up to the submission of the first full paper(3) showed that it is necessary to make measurements on a large number of electrodes for long times (the mean time chosen for a measurement cycle has been 3 months). It has therefore been necessary to adopt a low cost approach; our solution has been to use the single compartment Dewar cell type calorimeters illustrated in Fig. 1 and we have maintained up to five of these cells in each of three specially constructed water baths (see Section 1 below). The same type of calorimeter has been used for blank measurements on the Pd-H, Pt-D, and Pt-H systems.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=20


1013. Pons, S. and M. Fleischmann, Calorimetric measurements of the palladium/deuterium system: fact and fiction. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 669.

First Author: Pons, S.
All Authors: Pons, S., Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: heat+, method, critique


1014. Pons, S., et al., Method and Apparatus for Power Generation. 1990: WO 90/10935,1990.

First Author: Pons, S.
All Authors: Pons, S., Fleischmann, M., Walling, C., Simons, J. P.
Keywords: patent, apparatus,


1015. Pool, R., Wolf: My Tritium Was Impurity. Science, 1990.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: history


1016. Pool, R., Cold Fusion: End of Act 1. Science, 1990. 244: p. 1039.

First Author: Pool, R.
All Authors: Pool, R.
Keywords: history


1017. Porter, J.D., et al., Limits on electromagnetic and particle emission from palladium-D2O electrolytic cells. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 319.

First Author: Porter, J. D.
All Authors: Porter, J. D., Shihab-Eldin, A. A., Bossy, H., Echegaray, F. J., Nitschke, J. M., Prussin, S. G., Rasmussen, J. O., Stoyer, M. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, H2O, particle emission


1018. Powell, G.L., et al., The preparation of palladium for cold fusion experiments. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 355.

First Author: Powell, G. L.
All Authors: Powell, G. L., Bullock, IV J. S., Hallman, R. L., Horton, P. J., Hutchinson, D. P.
Keywords: Pd, loading, D2, pressure, method, preparation


1019. Prelas, M.A., et al., Cold fusion experiments using Maxwellian plasmas and sub-atmospheric deuterium gas. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 309.

First Author: Prelas, M. A.
All Authors: Prelas, M. A., Boody, F., Gallaher, W., Leal-Quiros, E., Mencin, D., Taylor, S.
Keywords: Pd, ion bombardment, neutron, gamma emission


1020. Preparata, G. Fractofusion Revisted. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory fractofusion


1021. Preparata, G. Theoretical Ideas on Cold Fusion. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-1

The rapidly expanding experimental body of information on the phenomena attributed to cold nuclear fusion poses several funda.mental challenges to the generally accepted physical picture of both condensed matter and nuclear physics. In this presentation I will show how a recently proposed approach to the coherent electrodynamic processes in condensed matter, in terms of the 80 called "superradiant" behavior, can be used to provide for explicit coherent mechanism! for: (al greatly enhancing the tunneling probability in the DD fusion process; (b) ultrarapid electron cooling of the excited compound nucleus, thus strongly suppressing the usual n-3 He and p-T channels of DD fusion in vacuum.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=110


1022. Press, A., Cold Fusion Experiments Produce Excess Tritium, in The Oak Ridger. 1990. p. 7.

First Author: Press, A.
All Authors: Press, A.
Keywords: history


1023. Price, P.B., Search for high-energy ions from fracture of LiD crystals. Nature (London), 1990. 343: p. 542 (Feb 1990).

First Author: Price, P. B.
All Authors: Price, P. B.
Keywords: LiD, fractofusoin, neutron


1024. Rabinowitz, M., High temperature superconductivity and cold fusion. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 4(4): p. 233.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory, superconductivity


1025. Rabinowitz, M., Cluster-impact fusion: new physics or experimental error. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 4: p. 665.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory, critique


1026. Rabinowitz, M., et al. Cluster-Impact Fusion: Bridge Between Hot and Cold Fusion? in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M., Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S.
Keywords: theory, cluster


1027. Rabinowitz, M. and D.H. Worledge, An analysis of cold and lukewarm fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 344.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M., Worledge, D. H.
Keywords: theory, review


1028. Rafelski, J., et al., How cold fusion can be catalyzed. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 136.

First Author: Rafelski, J.
All Authors: Rafelski, J., Sawicki, M., Gajda, M., Harley, D.
Keywords: theory


1029. Rafelski, J., et al., Nuclear reactions catalyzed by a massive negatively charged particle. How Cold Fusion Can Be Catalyzed. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 136.

First Author: Rafelski, J.
All Authors: Rafelski, J., Sawicki, M., Gajda, M., Harley, D.
Keywords: theory, New Particle


1030. Ragheb, M. and G.H. Miley, Deuteron disintegration in condensed media. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 429.

First Author: Ragheb, M.
All Authors: Ragheb, M., Miley, G. H.
Keywords: theory, D, Pd, tritium, Oppenheimer Phillips


1031. Ragland, E., Triode cell experiments for controlled Fleischmann/Pons effect. 1990.

First Author: Ragland, E.
All Authors: Ragland, E.
Keywords: heat, method


1032. Rant, J., et al., Methods for in-situ detection of cold fusion in condensed matter. Kerntechnik, 1990. 55: p. 165.

First Author: Rant, J.
All Authors: Rant, J., Ilic, R., Skvarc, J., Sutej, T., Budnar, M., Miklavzic, U.
Keywords: particle emission, method


1033. Redey, L., et al., Calorimetric measurements on electrochemical cells with Pd-D cathodes. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 249.

First Author: Redey, L.
All Authors: Redey, L., Myles, K. M., Dees, D., Krumpelt, M., Vissers, D. R.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, tritium, H/D


1034. Rehm, K.E., W. Kutschera, and G.J. Perlow, Search for protons from the 2H(d,p)3H reaction in an electrolytic cell with palladium-platinum electrodes. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. 41(1): p. 45.

First Author: Rehm, K. E.
All Authors: Rehm, K. E., Kutschera, W., Perlow, G. J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, particle emission


1035. Rice, R.A., G.S. Chulick, and Y.E. Kim. The Effect of Velocity Distribution and Electron Screening on Cold Fusion. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Rice, R. A.
All Authors: Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S., Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-1

It is demonstrated that electron screening, in combination with a particle velocity distribution, greatly enhances the cross sections and reaction rates for deuteron-deuteron (D-D) and proton-deuteron (p-D) fusion for low kinetic energies (E <= 20 e V, center of mass frame). Jr D fusion rates are shown to be comparable to D-D fusion rates for E ~ 10 eV, so that in electrolysis experiments with equal amounts of H and D, p-D fusion should compete with D-D fusion as a reaction mechanism.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=204


1036. Rice, R.A., et al., The role of velocity distribution in cold deuterium-deuterium fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 147.

First Author: Rice, R. A.
All Authors: Rice, R. A., Chulik, G. S., Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J. H.
Keywords: theory


1037. Rice-Evans, P. and H. Evans, Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion. Eur. J. Phys., 1990. 11: p. 251.

First Author: Rice-Evans, P.
All Authors: Rice-Evans, P., Evans, H.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron


1038. Ritley, K.A., et al., The behavior of electrochemical cell resistance: a possible application to cold fusion experiments. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 699.

First Author: Ritley, K. A.
All Authors: Ritley, K. A., Dull, P. M., Weber, M. H., Carroll, M., Hurst, J. J., Lynn, K. G.
Keywords: critique, resistance


1039. Ritley, K.A., et al. A Search for Cold Fusion Signatures in Cathodically Charged Palladium. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Ritley, K. A.
All Authors: Ritley, K. A., Wiesmann, H., Dull, P. M., Lynn, K. G., Weber, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, ICCF-8


1040. Rittner, E.S. and A. Meulenberg, A chemical interpretation of heat generated in 'cold fusion'. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 377.

First Author: Rittner, E. S.
All Authors: Rittner, E. S., Meulenberg, A.
Keywords: critique, heat, recombination


1041. Roberts, D.A., et al., Energy and flux limits of cold fusion neutrons using a deuterated liquid scintillator. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. 42: p. R1809.

First Author: Roberts, D. A.
All Authors: Roberts, D. A., Becchetti, F. D., Ben-Jacob, E., Garik, P., Musser, J., Orr, B., Tarle, G., Tomasch, A., Holder, J.S., Redina, D., Heuser, B., Wicker, G.
Keywords: neutron, method, electrolysis, Pd


1042. Rock, P.A., et al., Energy balance in the electrolysis of water with a palladium cathode. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 293: p. 261.

First Author: Rock, P. A.
All Authors: Rock, P. A., Fink, W. H., McQuarrie, D. A., Volman, D. H., Hung, Y. F.
Keywords: review, loading, phase diagram, enthalpy of formation, thermodynamic


1043. Rogers, V.C. and G.M. Sandquist, Cold fusion reaction products and their measurement. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 483.

First Author: Rogers, V. C.
All Authors: Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M.
Keywords: gamma emission, tritium, method, critique


1044. Rogers, V.C. and G.M. Sandquist, Isotopic Hydrogen Fusion in Metals. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 483.

First Author: Rogers, V. C.
All Authors: Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M.
Keywords: gamma emission neutron method


1045. Rolison, D.R., et al. Anomalies in the Surface Analysis of Deuterated Palladium. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Rolison, D. R.
All Authors: Rolison, D. R., O'Grady, W. E., Doyle, Jr., R. J., Trzaskoma, P. P.
Keywords: Pd, surface analysis, micrographs, PdD, ICCF-1

The surface and near-surface analytical characterization of thin palladium foils after the electrolysis of H2O or D2O was performed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution mass spectrometry, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These surface characterizations revealed a number of anomalous results, as summarized below.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RolisonDRanomaliesi.pdf


1046. Rolison, D.R. and P.P. Trzaskoma, Morphological differences between hydrogen-loaded and deuterium-loaded palladium as observed by scanning electron microscopy. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 287: p. 375.

First Author: Rolison, D. R.
All Authors: Rolison, D. R., Trzaskoma, P. P.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, surface analysis, lattice parameter


1047. Rosen, G., Groundstate thermalization of hydrogen isotopes in certain metals: enhancement of p+d and d+d nuclear fusion rates by Bethe-Bloch polarization. Hadronic J., 1990. 13: p. 255.

First Author: Rosen, G.
All Authors: Rosen, G.
Keywords: theory


1048. Roth, J., et al., Fusion reactions during low energy deuterium implantation into titanium. Nucl. Fusion, 1990. 30: p. 441.

First Author: Roth, J.
All Authors: Roth, J., Behrisch, R., Moeller, W., Ottenberger, W.
Keywords: ion implantation, titanium, particle emission


1049. Russell, J.L., Plausibility argument for a suggested mechanism for cold fusion. Ann. Nucl. Energy, 1990. 17(10): p. 545.

First Author: Russell, J. L.
All Authors: Russell, J. L.
Keywords: theory, dineutron


1050. Sahni, V.C., Comment on 'Cold fusion in condensed matter: is a theoretical description in terms of usual solid state physics possible?'. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1990. 4(7): p. 497.

First Author: Sahni, V. C.
All Authors: Sahni, V. C.
Keywords: theory, critique, Schommers


1051. Saito, N., et al., Search for cold-fusion neutrons from palladium breathing deuterons. Denshi Gijutsu Sogo Kenkyusho Iho, 1990. 54(9): p. 986 (in Japanese).

First Author: Saito, N.
All Authors: Saito, N., Sakuta, K., Sawata, S., Tanimoto, M., Takata, N.
Keywords: Pd, D2, electrolysis, neutron, D2


1052. Salamon, M.H., et al., Limits on the emission of neutrons, gamma-rays, electrons and protons from Pons/Fleischmann electrolytic cells. Nature (London), 1990. 344: p. 401.

First Author: Salamon, M. H.
All Authors: Salamon, M. H., Wrenn, M. E., Bergeson, H. E., Crawford, K. C., Delaney, W. H., Henderson, C. L., Li, Y. Q., Rusho, J. A., Sandquist, G. M., Seltzer, S. M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission


1053. Sandquist, G.M. and V.C. Rogers, Enhancement of cold fusion reaction rates. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 351.

First Author: Sandquist, G. M.
All Authors: Sandquist, G. M., Rogers, V. C.
Keywords: discussion


1054. Sasaki, A., An approach to cold fusion. Kenkyu Kiyo - Miyagi Kogyo Koto Senmom Gakko, 1990. 26: p. 47.

First Author: Sasaki, A.
All Authors: Sasaki, A.
Keywords: gas discharge, titanium, ion bombardment, D2


1055. Savinell, R.F. and H.S. Burney Jr., Report of the electrolytic industries for the year 1989. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1990. 137: p. 485C.

First Author: Savinell, R. F.
All Authors: Savinell, R. F., Burney Jr., H. S.
Keywords: history


1056. Schaller, C., Fusion Lecturer Cold To Press, in Los Alamos Monitor. 1990: Los AlamosEditor.

First Author: Schaller, C.
All Authors: Schaller, C.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1057. Schaller, C., Scientist Convinced Process is Nuclear, in Los Alamos Monitor. 1990: Los AlamosEditor. p. 1.

First Author: Schaller, C.
All Authors: Schaller, C.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1058. Schaller, C., Scientists Careful in Fusion Finds, in Monitor. 1990: Los AlamosEditor. p. 1.

First Author: Schaller, C.
All Authors: Schaller, C.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1059. Schaller, C., Scientists Seeing Results in Cold Fusion, in Monitor. 1990: Los AlamosEditor. p. 183.

First Author: Schaller, C.
All Authors: Schaller, C.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1060. Schilling, K.D., et al., Search for charged-particle emission from deuterated palladium foils. Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., 1990. 336: p. 1.

First Author: Schilling, K. D.
All Authors: Schilling, K. D., Gippner, P., Seidel, W., Stary, F., Wohlfarth, D.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, D2


1061. Schreiber, M., et al. Recent Experimental Results on the Thermal Behavior of Electrochemical Cells in the Hydrogen-Palladium and Deuterium-Palladium Systems. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Schreiber, M.
All Authors: Schreiber, M., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, method

This paper reports calorimetric experiments related to the energy breakeven issue during heavy water electrolysis using a Pd cathode in thermodynamically closed cells. A comparison with light water electrolysis under the same conditions is also given. Excess power has been observed in a number of cases in which the overall energy balance becomes positive after a short period, leading to the generation of significant amounts of excess energy. In one case, excess power was maintained over a period of ten days, and produced over 23 MJ of excess energy per mole of palladium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchreiberMrecentexpe.pdf


1062. Schreiber, M., et al. Recent Measurements of Excess Energy Production in Electrochemical Cells Containing Heavy Water and Palladium. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Schreiber, M.
All Authors: Schreiber, M., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-1

This paper reports calorimetric experiments related to the energy breakeven issue during heavy water electrolysis using a Pd cathode in thermodynamically closed cells. A comparison with light water electrolysis under the same conditions is also given. Excess power has been observed in a number of cases in which the overall energy balance becomes positive after a short period, leading to the generation of significant amounts of excess energy. In one case, excess power was maintained over a period of ten days, and produced over 23 MJ of excess energy per mole of palladium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=63


1063. Schwinger, J. Nuclear Energy in an Atomic Lattice. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: theory, d-p fusion, ICCF-1

The distinct nature of the cold fusion regime is emphasized: electromagnetic selection rules suppress radiation, permitting excess energy transference to the lattice; the coherent nature of the wave-function is at variance with the standard separation between barrier penetration and nuclear reactivity. The discussion is restricted to tritium production, based on the dd reaction that populates the first excited state of 4He, which decays into t+p, whereas the formation of 3He+n is energetically forbidden. Production rates compatible with the broad range of experimental results are realized within a narrow parametric interval. The great sensitivity to the physical circumstances is reminiscent of the reproducibility problems that have plagued this field.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchwingerJnuclearene.pdf


1064. Schwinger, J., Nuclear energy in an atomic lattice. 1. Z. Phys. D: At., Mol. Clusters, 1990. 15: p. 221.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: theory, p-d fusion


1065. Schwinger, J., Cold fusion: a hypothesis. Z. Naturforsch. A, 1990. 45A: p. 756.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: theory, p-d fusion


http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchwingerJcoldfusion.pdf


1066. Scott, C.D., et al., Preliminary Investigation of Possible Low-Temperature Fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 115.

First Author: Scott, C. D.
All Authors: Scott, C. D., Greenbaum, E., Michaels, G. E., Mrochek, J. E., Newman, E., Petek, M., Scott, T. C.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, gamma emission, heat+, neutron+


1067. Scott, C.D., et al. The Initiation of Excess Power and Possible Products of Nuclear Interactions During the Electrolysis of Heavy Water. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Scott, C. D.
All Authors: Scott, C. D., Mrochek, J. E., Scott, T. C., Michaels, G. E., Newman, E., Petek, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, ICCF-1, electrolysis

The electrolysis of heavy water is being investigated with an insulated flow calorimetric system. In each of a series of tests, the electrolyte was 0.1 to 1.0 LiOD in D2O and cylindrical palladium cathodes surrounded by wire-wound platinum anodes were used at cathode current densities of 100 to 800 mA/cm^2. The most recent test was made with a "closed system" without off-gas in which the electrolysis gases were internally recombined. Fast neutrons and gamma rays were measured continuously during each test. It was shown that certain system perturbations could initiate and extend the generation of excess power. In one test, an apparent increase in the neutron count rate was also coincident with system perturbations.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ScottCDtheinitiat.pdf


1068. Scott, C.D., et al., Measurement of excess heat and apparent coincident increases in the neutron and gamma-ray count rates during the electrolysis of heavy water. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 103.

First Author: Scott, C. D.
All Authors: Scott, C. D., Mrochek, J. E., Scott, T. C., Michaels, G. E., Newman, E., Petek, M.
Keywords: heat+, electrolysis, neutron, Pd gamma emission, tritium D2O, H2O


1069. Seeliger, D., Physical problems of the investigations into nuclear fusion in condensed media. Isotopenpraxis, 1990. 26: p. 384 (in German).

First Author: Seeliger, D.
All Authors: Seeliger, D.
Keywords: review, theory


1070. Segre, S.E., et al., A mechanism for neutron emission from deuterium trapped in metals. Europhys. Lett., 1990. 11: p. 201.

First Author: Segre, S. E.
All Authors: Segre, S. E., Atzeni, S., Briguglio, S., Romanelli, F.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


1071. Shohoji, N., Unique features of hydrogen in palladium metal lattice: hints for discussing the possible occurrence of cold nuclear fusion. J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 1990. 9: p. 231.

First Author: Shohoji, N.
All Authors: Shohoji, N.
Keywords: discussion, Ce, Au, Ni


1072. Silvera, I.F. and E. Moshary, Deuterated palladium at temperatures from 4.3 to 400K and pressures to 105 kbar: search for cold fusion. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 42(14): p. 9143.

First Author: Silvera, I. F.
All Authors: Silvera, I. F., Moshary, E.
Keywords: PdD, high pressure, loading low temperature


1073. Simanek, E., Quantum tunnelling through a fluctuating barrier. Enhancement of cold-fusion rate. Physica A, 1990. 164: p. 147.

First Author: Simanek, E.
All Authors: Simanek, E.
Keywords: theory, tunnelling


1074. Skerrett, P.J., Cold Fusion at Texas A&M: Problems, but No Fraud. Science, 1990. 250: p. 1507.

First Author: Skerrett, P. J.
All Authors: Skerrett, P. J.
Keywords: history


1075. Skibbe, U. and G. Neue, A 2D-NMR method to study near-surface regions of conductors. Colloids Surf., 1990. 45: p. 235.

First Author: Skibbe, U.
All Authors: Skibbe, U., Neue, G.
Keywords: surface analysis, Pd, diffusion, loading, electrolysis


1076. Sobkowski, J., Cold fusion - facts and opinions. Wiad. Chem., 1990. 44: p. 587 (in Polish).

First Author: Sobkowski, J.
All Authors: Sobkowski, J.
Keywords: review


1077. Sobotka, L.G. and P. Winter, Fracture without fusion (Scientific correspondence). Nature (London), 1990. 343: p. 601.

First Author: Sobotka, L. G.
All Authors: Sobotka, L. G., Winter, P.
Keywords: fractofusion, neutron, D2O


1078. Sohlberg, K. and K. Szalewicz, Fusion rates for deuterium in titanium clusters. Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 144(6,7): p. 365.

First Author: Sohlberg, K.
All Authors: Sohlberg, K., Szalewicz, K.
Keywords: theory, distance


1079. Soifer, V.N., et al., Neutron yield in heavy-water electrolysis. Sov. Phys. Dokl., 1990. 35(6): p. 546.

First Author: Soifer, V. N.
All Authors: Soifer, V. N., Goryachev, V. A., Salyuk, A. N., Sergeev, F.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron, titanium, Pt, Ti-V


1080. Sona, P.G. and M. Ferrari, The possible negative influence of dissolved O2 in cold nuclear fusion experiments. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 678.

First Author: Sona, P. G.
All Authors: Sona, P. G., Ferrari, M.
Keywords: Li, Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis


1081. Sona, P.G., et al., Preliminary tests on tritium and neutrons in cold nuclear fusion within palladium cathodes. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 713.

First Author: Sona, P. G.
All Authors: Sona, P. G., Parmigiani, F., Barberis, F., Battaglia, A., Berti, R., Buzzanca, G., Capelli, A., Capra, D., Ferrari, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, neutron


1082. Soriaga, M.P., Surface Electrochemical Studies of Pd in Alkaline D2O Solutions. 1990.

First Author: Soriaga, M. P.
All Authors: Soriaga, M. P.
Keywords: Pd, surface, D, AES, XPS, TDMS, analysis


1083. Southon, J.R., et al., Upper limit for neutron emission from cold deuteron-triton fusion. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1990. 41(5): p. R1899.

First Author: Southon, J. R.
All Authors: Southon, J. R., Stark, J. W., Vogel, J. S., Waddington, J. C.
Keywords: titanium D2, electrolysis, neutron


1084. Spinrad, B.I., On cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 343.

First Author: Spinrad, B. I.
All Authors: Spinrad, B. I.
Keywords: theory


1085. Srinivasan, M., et al. Statistical Analysis of Neutron Emission in Cold Fusion Experiments. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Srinivasan, M.
All Authors: Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Degwekar, S. B., Kulkarni, L. V.
Keywords: neutron, critique, method, ICCF-1

The paper discusses two techniques for studying the multiplicity spectrum of neutron emission in cold fusion experiments. In the first method the multiplicity distribution of counts in 20 ms time intervals is analysed to give information about the statistics of neutron emission in cold fusion. The results of six such experiments indicate that about 10 to 25% of the neutrons produced in cold fusion are emitted in the form of bunches 400 to 600 neutrons each. The other method discussed is an adaptation of the Artificial Dead Time method developed originally for reactor noise analysis as well as for the passive neutron assay of plutonium. An expression for the fractional loss of counts in the presence of dead time is derived. It is shown that a neutron detection efficiency of ~ 1% is adequate to estimate the average multiplicity as well as the fraction of bunched neutron emission in the presence of a Poisson background.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasanstatistica.pdf


1086. Srinivasan, M., et al. Observation of Tritium in Gas/Plasma Loaded Titanium Samples. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Srinivasan, M.
All Authors: Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Kaushik, T. C., Rout, R. K., Kulkarni, L. V., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Nagvenkar, V. G., Iyengar, P. K.
Keywords: titanium, D2, tritium, ion implantation

The observation of significant neutron yield from gas loaded titanium samples at Frascati in April 1989 opened up an alternate pathway to the investigation of anomalous nuclear phenomena in deuterium/solid systems, complimenting the electrolytic approach. Since then atleast six different groups have successfully measured burst neutron emission from deuterated titanium shavings following the Frascati methodology, the special feature of which was the use of liquid nitrogen to create repeated thermal cycles resulting in the production of non-equilibrium conditions in the deuterated samples. At Trombay several variations of the gas loading procedure have been investigated including induction heating of single machined titanium targets in a glass chamber as well as use of a plasma focus device for deuteriding its central titanium electrode.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasanobservatio.pdf


1087. Srivastava, O.N., et al. On the Formation of Palladium Deuteride and its Relationship to Suspected Cold Fusion. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Srivastava, O. N.
All Authors: Srivastava, O. N., Babu, K. S. C., Lalla, N. P., Tiwari, R. S.
Keywords: theory


1088. Steinert, C., Laser-induced 'semicold' fusion. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 206.

First Author: Steinert, C.
All Authors: Steinert, C.
Keywords: laser, method, PdD


1089. Stilwell, D.E., K.H. Park, and M. Miles, Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies on the Electrolysis of Water and Heavy Water (D2O). J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 333.

First Author: Stilwell, D. E.
All Authors: Stilwell, D. E., Park, K. H., Miles, M.
Keywords: D2O, Pd, heat-, electrolysis


1090. Storms, E. and C.L. Talcott. A Study of Electrolytic Tritium Production. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E., Talcott, C. L.
Keywords: tritium, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-1

Tritium production is being investigated using cathodes made from palladium and its alloys (with Li, C, S, B, and Be) to which are applied various surface treatments. Three anode materials (Pt, Ni and stainless steel), and various impurities in the electrolyte have also been used. Tritium has been produced in about 10% of the cells studied, but there is, as yet, no pattern of behavior that would make the effect predictable.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEastudyofel.pdf


1091. Storms, E. and C.L. Talcott, Electrolytic tritium production. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 680.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E., Talcott, C. L.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium

Fifty-three electrolytic cells of various configurations and electrode compositions were examined for tritium production. Significant tritium was found in eleven cells at levels between 1.5 and 80 times the starting concentration after enrichment corrections are made.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEelectrolyt.pdf


1092. Tabet, E. and A. Tenenbaum. Nuclear Effects in the Collapsing Lattice Model for Deuterated Palladium: New Results. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Tabet, E.
All Authors: Tabet, E., Tenenbaum, A.
Keywords: theory


1093. Tabet, E. and A. Tenenbaum, A dynamical model for cold fusion in deuterated palladium. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 143.

First Author: Tabet, E.
All Authors: Tabet, E., Tenenbaum, A.
Keywords: theory, loading


1094. Tabet, E. and A. Tenenbaum, Nuclear reactions from lattice collapse in a cold fusion model. Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 144(6,7): p. 301.

First Author: Tabet, E.
All Authors: Tabet, E., Tenenbaum, A.
Keywords: theory, phase change


1095. Tajima, T., H. Iyetomi, and S. Ichimaru, Influence of attractive interaction between deuterons in Pd on nuclear fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 437.

First Author: Tajima, T.
All Authors: Tajima, T., Iyetomi, H., Ichimaru, S.
Keywords: theory


1096. Takaharu, G., et al., Apparatus for cold nuclear fusion. 1990: European Patent Application, 90107987.1.

First Author: Takaharu, G.
All Authors: Takaharu, G., Niikura, J., Taniguchi, N., Hatoh, K., Adachi, K.
Keywords: D2O, Laves Phase,


1097. Takahashi, A., et al., Short Note : Emission of 2.45 MeV and Higher Energy Neutrons from D2O-Pd Cell Under Biased-Pulse Electrolysis. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1990. 27: p. 663.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A., Takeuchi, T., Iida, T., Watanabe, H.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, energy heat


1098. Takahashi, A., et al. Neutron Spectra from D2O-Pd Cells with Pulsed Electrolysis. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A., Takeuchi, T., Iida, T., Watanabe, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, pulsed, neutron, energy, electrolysis


1099. Takahashi, A., et al., Emission of 2.45 MeV and higher energy neutrons from D2O-Pd cell under biased-pulse electrolysis. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1990. 27: p. 663.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A., Takeuchi, T., Iida, T., Watanabe, M.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, electrolysis, D2O


1100. Takahashi, H. The Roles of Coherency and Intermittency on D-D Fusion Reaction in PdDx Deuteride. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Takahashi, H.
All Authors: Takahashi, H.
Keywords: theory


1101. Takahashi, H., Dynamical screening of potential by mobile deuteron and fusion rate of accelerated deuteron in PdDx. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 441.

First Author: Takahashi, H.
All Authors: Takahashi, H.
Keywords: theory, screening


1102. Talcott, C.L. Palladium Lattice Dimension Changes Associated With the Two Legs of the Hystersis Loop. in JOWOG-12 Meeting, Atomic Weapons Estab. 1990. Aldermaston.

First Author: Talcott, C. L.
All Authors: Talcott, C. L.
Keywords: PdD, Lattice Parameter, PdH


1103. Talcott, C.L. and E. Storms. An Overview of "Cold Fusion". in JOWOG-12 Meeting, Atomic Weapons Estab. 1990. Aldermaston, England.

First Author: Talcott, C. L.
All Authors: Talcott, C. L., Storms, E.
Keywords: review


1104. Tamayo, J.M.M., et al., Experiments on cold fusion at IMP. Rev. Inst. Mex. Pet., 1990. 22: p. 42 (in Spanish).

First Author: Tamayo, J. M. M.
All Authors: Tamayo, J. M. M., Rivas, J. M., Celis, B. Z., Garcia, F. P. R., Penaloza, O. N.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, gamma emission, heat-


1105. Taniguchi, N., et al., Conditions for cold nuclear fusion. Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 1990(9): p. 992 (in Japanese).

First Author: Taniguchi, N.
All Authors: Taniguchi, N., Baba, S., Kawamura, K., Gamo, T.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd, D2O, D2, titanium, gamma emission


1106. Taniguchi, R. and T. Yamamoto. High Sensitivity Measurement of Charged Particles Emitted During Pulsed Electrolysis of D2O. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Taniguchi, R.
All Authors: Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T.
Keywords: particle emission, D2O, Pd


1107. Taniguchi, R. and T. Yamamoto, High sensitivity measurement of charged particles using a silicon surface barrier detector. Hoshasen, 1990. 16: p. 29 (in Japanese).

First Author: Taniguchi, R.
All Authors: Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T.
Keywords: particle emission, electrolysis, Pd


1108. Taniguchi, R., T. Yamamoto, and S. Irie, Fine structure of the charged particle bursts induced by D2O electrolysis. Bull. Univ. Osaka Prefect., Ser A, 1990. 39(2): p. 233.

First Author: Taniguchi, R.
All Authors: Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T., Irie, S.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, particle emission


1109. Taubes, G., Cold Fusion Conundrum at Texas A & M. Science, 1990. 248: p. 1299.

First Author: Taubes, G.
All Authors: Taubes, G.
Keywords: history, tritium


1110. Tesch, S., Yet again 'cold' nuclear fusion. Radio. Fernsehen Elektro. (East Ger.), 1990. 39 53 (In German).

First Author: Tesch, S.
All Authors: Tesch, S.
Keywords: review


1111. Thompson, D.T., A report from the meeting in Salt Lake City. Platinum Met. Rev., 1990. 34: p. 136.

First Author: Thompson, D. T.
All Authors: Thompson, D. T.
Keywords: review


1112. Tomellini, M. and D. Gozzi, On the possibility for local oversaturation of deuterium in palladium. J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 1990. 9: p. 836.

First Author: Tomellini, M.
All Authors: Tomellini, M., Gozzi, D.
Keywords: loading, theory


1113. Tran, D.N., et al., Investigation of nuclear fusion at the normal temperature. Tap Chi Vat Ly, 1990. 15(1): p. 29 (in Vietnamese).

First Author: Tran, D. N.
All Authors: Tran, D. N., Tran, D. T., Truong, T. A., Phi, T. H., Tran, V. V.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, neutron-, tritium-


1114. Tsarev, V.A., Cold fusion. Sov. Phys. Usp., 1990. 33(11): p. 881.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: review


1115. Tsarev, V.A. and D.H. Worledge. Review of new results on cold nuclear fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A., Worledge, D. H.
Keywords: review


1116. Tuggle, D.G., et al., Solid State Fusion Update. 1990: Los Alamos.

First Author: Tuggle, D. G.
All Authors: Tuggle, D. G., Claytor, T. N., Menlove, H. O., Catapano, L.
Keywords: Pd, D, neutron,


1117. Turner, L., Peregrinations on cold fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9: p. 447.

First Author: Turner, L.
All Authors: Turner, L.
Keywords: theory


1118. Ulmann, M., et al., Surface and electrochemical characterization of Pd cathodes after prolonged charging in LiOD + D2O solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 286: p. 257.

First Author: Ulmann, M.
All Authors: Ulmann, M., Liu, J., Augustynski, J., Meli, F., Schlapbach, L.
Keywords: surface analysis, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, OCV, transmutation


1119. Van der Merwe, P.T., Enhanced fusion induced by affiliated muons. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 696.

First Author: Van der Merwe, P. T.
All Authors: Van der Merwe, P. T.
Keywords: theory, muon


1120. Velev, O.A. and R.C. Kainthla, Heat flow calorimeter with a personal-computer-based data acquisition system. Fusion Technol., 1990. 18: p. 351.

First Author: Velev, O. A.
All Authors: Velev, O. A., Kainthla, R. C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat, method


1121. Vysotskii, V. and R.N. Kuz'min. The Theory of Nonthreshold Cold Fusion in Solids. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Vysotskii, V.
All Authors: Vysotskii, V., Kuz'min, R. N.
Keywords: theory


1122. Waanders, F.B. and J.J.A. Smit, Koue kernsmelting" (Cold fusion). Spectrum, 1990. 28: p. 46 (in Afrikaans).

First Author: Waanders, F. B.
All Authors: Waanders, F. B., Smit, J. J. A.
Keywords: Discussion


1123. Waber, J.T. and T.L. Elifritz, The OGG-Schafroth theory of high temperature superconductivity and its relation to cold fusion. 1990.

First Author: Waber, J. T.
All Authors: Waber, J. T., Elifritz, T. L.
Keywords: theory


1124. Wada, N., Possibility of room temperature nuclear fusion. Suri Kagaku, 1990. 330: p. 69 (in Japanese).

First Author: Wada, N.
All Authors: Wada, N.
Keywords: review


1125. Wagner, F.T., et al., A comparison of calorimetric methods applied to the electrolysis of heavy water on palladium cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 295: p. 393.

First Author: Wagner, F. T.
All Authors: Wagner, F. T., Moylan, T. E., Hayden, M. E., Naerger, U., Booth, J. L.
Keywords: heat, method, critique, electrolysis, Pd, D2O


1126. Wakao, S., K. Ozeki, and H. Sawa, Gamma-ray emission from hydrogen-absorbing metal cathodes in D2O. J. Adv. Sci., 1990. 2(3): p. 149 (in Japanese with English abstract).

First Author: Wakao, S.
All Authors: Wakao, S., Ozeki, K., Sawa, H.
Keywords: Pd, titanium, Ni-Ti, Ni-V-Zr, D2O electrolysis, H2O, gamma emission


1127. Walters, R.T. and M.W. Lee, Two Plateaux for Palladium Hydride and the Effect of Helium from Tritium Decay on the Desorption Plateau Pressure for Palladium Tritide. J. Less-Common Met., 1990.

First Author: Walters, R. T.
All Authors: Walters, R. T., Lee, M. W.
Keywords: Pd, tritium, He, PdT, PdH, pressure, thermodynamic


1128. Wang, R., Remarks on the possibility of cold fusion. Commun. Theor. Phys. (China), 1990. 13: p. 549.

First Author: Wang, R.
All Authors: Wang, R.
Keywords: theory, muon


1129. Wei, S.H. and A. Zunger, Instability of diatomic deuterium in fcc palladium. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 367.

First Author: Wei, S. H.
All Authors: Wei, S. H., Zunger, A.
Keywords: theory, distance, structure, PdH


1130. Wei, S.H. and A. Zunger, Stability of atomic and diatomic hydrogen in fcc palladium. Solid State Commun., 1990. 73: p. 327.

First Author: Wei, S. H.
All Authors: Wei, S. H., Zunger, A.
Keywords: theory, distance, lattice parameter


1131. Werth, J., et al., Experimental Investigations into the Pons-Fleischmann Effect. 1990.

First Author: Werth, J.
All Authors: Werth, J., Hunter, G. W., R. , P. G., Balko, E. N.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis


1132. Whaley, K.B., Boson enhancement of finite-temperature coherent dynamics for deuterium in metals. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1990. 41(6): p. 3473.

First Author: Whaley, K. B.
All Authors: Whaley, K. B.
Keywords: theory, screening


1133. White, C.T., et al., Limits of chemical effects on cold fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(3): p. 363.

First Author: White, C. T.
All Authors: White, C. T., Dunlap, B. I., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Mintmire, J. W.
Keywords: theory, distance


1134. Wiesmann, H., Examination of cathodically charged palladium electrodes for excess heat, neutron emission, or tritium production. Fusion Technol., 1990. 17: p. 350.

First Author: Wiesmann, H.
All Authors: Wiesmann, H.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, neutron, tritium


1135. Wilhelmi, Z., et al., Search for neutron emission in the deuterium-palladium system. Nukleonika, 1990. 35(7-9): p. 175.

First Author: Wilhelmi, Z.
All Authors: Wilhelmi, Z., Szeflinski, Z., Tarasiuk, J., Turowiecki, A., Zlomanczuk, J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission H2O


1136. Will, F.G., Groups Reporting Cold Fusion Evidence. 1990, National Cold Fusion Institute: Salt Lake City, UT.

First Author: Will, F. G.
All Authors: Will, F. G.
Keywords: Review

A table showing 92 groups from 10 countries that reported replications of cold fusion by September 12, 1990. Published by the National Cold Fusion Institute. This table reproduced from Mallove, E., Fire From Ice. 1991, NY: John Wiley, pp. 246-248

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGgroupsrepo.pdf


1137. Wolf, K.L., et al., Neutron emission and the tritium content associated with deuterium-loaded palladium and titanium metals. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(2): p. 105.

First Author: Wolf, K. L.
All Authors: Wolf, K. L., Packham, N. J. C., Lawson, D., Shoemaker, J., Cheng, F., Wass, J. C.
Keywords: tritium, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, critique, T/n


1138. Wolf, K.L., et al. Tritium and Tritons in Cold Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Wolf, K. L.
All Authors: Wolf, K. L., Whitesell, L., Jabs, H., Shoemaker, J.
Keywords: Pd titanium, tritium, D2O, contamination, Charged Particle particle emission


1139. Wolf, W.L., et al. Neutron Emission from Deuterium-Loaded Metals. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Wolf, W. L.
All Authors: Wolf, W. L., Shoemaker, J., Coe, D. E., Whitesell, L.
Keywords: neutron titanium, D2, Pd, D2O, electrolysis


1140. Wolfer, W.G., The Elastic Properties of Aged Tritides. 1990.

First Author: Wolfer, W. G.
All Authors: Wolfer, W. G.
Keywords: youngs Modulus, elastic. PdH, PdT,


1141. Worledge, D.H. Technical Status of Cold Fusion Results and Meeting Summary. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Worledge, D. H.
All Authors: Worledge, D. H.
Keywords: history, review


1142. Worledge, D.H. Technical Status of Cold Fusion Results. in The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion. 1990. University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah: National Cold Fusion Institute.

First Author: Worledge, D. H.
All Authors: Worledge, D. H.
Keywords: review, ICCF-1

Experimental results in cold fusion research up to the end of the 1989 are reviewed to gain a perspective on the credibility of the phenomena. The review does not attempt to be comprehensive but concentrates on the highest quality experiments claiming to give positive results. The results are used to formulate a strategy for continuing to support cold fusion research in 1990.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=271


1143. Xu, J., et al. D-D Distance in PdD0.4 at High Pressure. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Xu, J.
All Authors: Xu, J., Manghnani, M. H., Huang, N. Z., Gao, Q.
Keywords: PdD, distance, theory, high pressure


1144. Yague, A.R., Cold nuclear fusion and its history. Metal. Electr. (Spain), 1990. 54(618): p. 134 (in Spanish).

First Author: Yague, A. R.
All Authors: Yague, A. R.
Keywords: review


1145. Yamaguchi, E. and T. Nishioka. Nuclear Fusion Induced by the Controlled Out-Transport of Deuterons in Palladium. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Yamaguchi, E.
All Authors: Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2, neutron, heat, theory, layer, Au-Pd, electrolysis


1146. Yamaguchi, E. and T. Nishioka, Cold fusion induced by controlled out-diffusion of deuterons in palladium. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, 1990. 29(4): p. L666.

First Author: Yamaguchi, E.
All Authors: Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T.
Keywords: Au-Pd, D2, heat, neutron, layer

A gigantic neutron burst of (1-2)10^6 n/s has been detected from deuterated Pd plates with heterostructures set in a vacuum chamber. An explosive release of D2 gas, biaxial bending of all the samples, and excess heat evolution were also observed at the same time. It has been concluded that these phenomena are caused by the cooperative production of D accumulation layers at Pd surfaces due to controlled out-diffusion of D-atoms.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YamaguchiEcoldfusion.pdf


1147. Yamamoto, N., et al., In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance studies of water electrolysis at a palladium cathode in acidic aqueous media. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 296: p. 463.

First Author: Yamamoto, N.
All Authors: Yamamoto, N., Ohsaka, T., Terashima, T., Oyama, N.
Keywords: loading, method, Pd, film, electrolysis


1148. Yamamoto, T., T. Oka, and R. Taniguchi, In-situ observation of deuteride formation in palladium electrochemical cathode by x-ray diffraction method. Annu. Rep. Osaka Prefect. Radiat. Res. Inst., 1990. 30: p. 79.

First Author: Yamamoto, T.
All Authors: Yamamoto, T., Oka, T., Taniguchi, R.
Keywords: loading, Pd, x-ray diffraction, lattice parameter


1149. Yang, C.S., et al. Observation of Excess Heat and Tritium on Electrolysis of D2O. in 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. 1990. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822.

First Author: Yang, C. S.
All Authors: Yang, C. S., Liang, C. Y., Perng, T. P., Yuan, L. J., Wang, C. M., Wang, C. C.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, tritium, electrolysis


1150. Yang, F., On cold fusion. Nucl. Tech. (China), 1990. 13(12): p. 705 (in Chinese).

First Author: Yang, F.
All Authors: Yang, F.
Keywords: review


1151. Yao, Y.D., et al., Observation of cathodic charging on a palladium electrode in heavy water. J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 1990. 9: p. 228.

First Author: Yao, Y. D.
All Authors: Yao, Y. D., Wang, C. W., Lin, E. K., Wu, J. K.
Keywords: loading, electrolysis, Pd neutron, gamma emission D2O, H2O, diffusion


1152. Zahm, L.L., et al., Experimental investigations of the electrolysis of D2O using palladium cathodes and platinum anodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1990. 281: p. 313.

First Author: Zahm, L. L.
All Authors: Zahm, L. L., Klein, A. C., Binney, S. E., Reyes, J. N., Higginbotham, J. F., Robinson, A. H.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, gamma emission, tritium


1153. Zakowicz, W. and J. Rafelski. Coupled Channel Model for Ultra-Low Energy Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Zakowicz, W.
All Authors: Zakowicz, W., Rafelski, J.
Keywords: theory


1154. Zelenskii, V.F., et al., Experimental investigation of cold D-D-fusion by ion implantation. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1990(1): p. 91 (in Russian).

First Author: Zelenskii, V. F.
All Authors: Zelenskii, V. F., Bozhko, V. P., Golovnya, V. Ya., Oleinik, S. N.
Keywords: ion implantation, Pd, nickel, titanium, neutron, gamma emission


1155. Zelenskii, V.F., et al., Experiments on cold nuclear fusion in Pd and Ti saturated with deuterium by ion implantation. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1990. 52(1): p. 65 (in Russian).

First Author: Zelenskii, V. F.
All Authors: Zelenskii, V. F., Rybalko, V. F., Morozov, A. N., Tolstolutskaya, G. D., Kulish, V. G., Pistryak, S. V., Martynov, I. S.
Keywords: Pd titanium, ion implantation, D2, neutron, particle emission, fractofusion


1156. Zhang, Z.-L., et al. Calorimetric Observation Combined with the Detection of Particle Emissions During the Electrolysis of Heavy Water. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1990. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Zhang, Z.-L.
All Authors: Zhang, Z.-L., Yan, B. Z., Wang, M. G., Gu, J., Tan, F.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, electrolysis


1157. Zhu, S.B., J. Lee, and G.W. Robinson, Non-Maxwell velocity distributions in inhomogeneous materials. J. Fusion Energy, 1990. 9(4): p. 465.

First Author: Zhu, S. B.
All Authors: Zhu, S. B., Lee, J., Robinson, G. W.
Keywords: theory


1158. Zhu, S.B., J. Lee, and G.W. Robinson, Nonlinear effects on thermonuclear reaction rates. Phys. Lett. A, 1990. 144: p. 361.

First Author: Zhu, S. B.
All Authors: Zhu, S. B., Lee, J., Robinson, G. W.
Keywords: theory


1159. Adkisson, W.M., The Cause of and Happenings During Cold Fusion Events. 1991.

First Author: Adkisson, W. M.
All Authors: Adkisson, W. M.
Keywords: history


1160. Agnello, M., et al. Improvement of the TOFUS Apparatus. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Agnello, M.
All Authors: Agnello, M., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Botta, E., Bressani, T., Brunasso, O., Calvo, D., Dattola, D., Gianotti, P., Lamberti, C., Zecchina, A.
Keywords: apparatus, method, neutron, ICCF-2

The TOFUS experiment was started in order to detect 2.45 Me V neutrons emitted from a Ti/D system in the gas phase. Improvements in the electronics of the neutron detector, based on the double scattering technique, and in the performances of a new cell are described.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=264


1161. An, X.W., et al., Calorimetric investigation of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. Thermochim. Acta, 1991. 183: p. 107.

First Author: An, X. W.
All Authors: An, X. W., Yan, H. K., Han, B. X., Guo, D., Xie, D. Y., Zhu, Q. H., Hu, R. H.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd, heat, D2O, H2O


1162. Anufriev, G.S. and B.S. Boltenkov, Helium isotopes and hydrogen in aluminium and other metals. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1991. 56(2): p. 73 (in Russian).

First Author: Anufriev, G. S.
All Authors: Anufriev, G. S., Boltenkov, B. S.
Keywords: 3He/4He, helium, tritium Al, Ag, Ni, electrolysis


1163. Aoyama, T., et al., Highly reliable low-level neutron detection using 3He proportional counters. Radioisot., 1991. 40: p. 188.

First Author: Aoyama, T.
All Authors: Aoyama, T., Mori, C., Uritani, A., Matsui, T., Naito, K.
Keywords: neutron, electrolysis, method


1164. Arzhannikov, A.V. and G.Y. Kezerashvili, First observation of neutron emission from chemical reactions. Phys. Lett., 1991. A156: p. 514.

First Author: Arzhannikov, A. V.
All Authors: Arzhannikov, A. V., Kezerashvili, G. Ya
Keywords: LiD, fractofusion, neutron chemical reaction


1165. Astakhov, I.I., et al., An attempt to detect neutron and gamma radiations in heavy water electrolysis with a palladium cathode. Electrochim. Acta, 1991. 36(7): p. 1127.

First Author: Astakhov, I. I.
All Authors: Astakhov, I. I., Davydov, A. D., Katargin, N. V., Kazarinov, V. E., Kiseleva, I. G., Kriksunov, L. B., Kudryavtsev, D. Yu., Lebedev, I. A., Myasoedov, B. F., Shcheglov, O. P., Teplitskaya, G. L., Tsionskii, V. M.
Keywords: neutron gamma emission, Pd, electrolysis, Li, D2O, H2O, surface analysis


1166. Bae, Y.K., D.D. Lorents, and S.E. Young, Experimental confirmation of cluster-impact fusion. Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1991. 44: p. R4091.

First Author: Bae, Y. K.
All Authors: Bae, Y. K., Lorents, D. D., Young, S. E.
Keywords: cluster, ion bombardment


1167. Bagnulo, L.H. Crack-fusion: a Plausible Explanation of Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Bagnulo, L. H.
All Authors: Bagnulo, L. H.
Keywords: fractofusion, theory, ICCF-2

Possible dynamics are here and hypothesized on "cold fusion" in readily absorb it if metals, such as Palladium or Titanium, or Hydrogen and its isotopes, the absorption at high density level by these metals of mixtures of said isotopes (especially Deuterium and Tritium) and their successive liberation within the internal cracks of the metal mass where pressures exceeding 10^12 atm are expected to be created such that they generate fusion phenomena in accordance with the probable explosive sequence as follows: the formation of molecules, the increase in pressure, the formation of plasma, nuclear fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=282


1168. Baldo, M. Enhancement of Fusion Rate Induced by the Collective Electron Excitations. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Baldo, M.
All Authors: Baldo, M.
Keywords: theory, electron, excitation screening, ICCF-2

After the claimed experimental evidence of deuteron cold fusion reported in the literature, a large amount of theoretical work has been done, either to support the possibility of this unexpected phenomenon, either to present arguments against it. The paper by Legget and Baym appears of fundamental relevance to this respect. In that work a rigorous upper bound is given for the fusion rate of deuterons embedded in a crystal, which is too small to be compatible with the claimed experimental values. The upper bound is expressed mainly in terms of the chemical potential of neutral helium atoms and deuteron molecules with respect to a crystal of Palladium, or in general of the absorbing material. The smallness of this upper bound is a consequence of the small value of the chemical potential of neutral helium atoms. The latter has been taken to be close to zero, according to the experimental evidence. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=202


1169. Bard, A., Comments on SRI RP-3170 Review Meeting. 1991, University of Texas: Austin, TX.

First Author: Bard, A.
All Authors: Bard, A.
Keywords: review


1170. Barker, W.A., Method for enhancing alpha decay in radioactive materials. 1991: US 5,076,971.

First Author: Barker, W. A.
All Authors: Barker, W. A.
Keywords: radioactivity, half-life, patent,


1171. Bass, R.W., QRT: Quantum Resonance Triggering Principle. 1991.

First Author: Bass, R. W.
All Authors: Bass, R. W.
Keywords: theory, QRT


1172. Bazhutov, Y., et al. Study of the possibility of a cold nuclear fusion reaction by electrolysis of heavy water with a titanium electrode. in Teo. Eksp. Issled. Vopr. Obshch. Fiz., Min. Obshch. Mashin. SSSR. 1991.

First Author: Bazhutov, Y.
All Authors: Bazhutov, Y., Kuznetsov, A. B., Surova, T. D., Chertov, Yu. P.
Keywords: Ti, tritium, x-ray, electrolysis, D2O


1173. Beddingfield, D.H., et al. Characterization of Charged Particle Bursts from Deuterium Loaded Thin Titanium Foils. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Beddingfield, D. H.
All Authors: Beddingfield, D. H., Cecil, F. E., Galovich, C. S., Liu, H., Asher, S.
Keywords: Ti, D2, particle emission, lattice parameter, metallurgy, loading, ICCF-2

Following our recently reported observation of intense bursts of charged particles from deuterium gas load thin Titanium foils, we conducted a relatively exhaustive analysis of the samples involved in this study .in order to better understand the gas loading process, to characterize the elemental and structural properties of the samples, and to ascertain, if possible, any differences between those samples which evinced particle bursts and those which did not. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=114


1174. Beltyukov, I.L., et al., Laser-induced cold nuclear fusion in Ti-H2-D2-T2 compositions. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 234.

First Author: Beltyukov, I. L.
All Authors: Beltyukov, I. L., Bondarenko, N. B., Janelidze, A. A., Gapanov, M. Yu, Gribanov, K. G., Kondratov, S. V., Maltsev, A. G., Novikov, P. I., Tsvetkov, S. A., Zakharov, V. I.
Keywords: laser, titanium, fractofusion neutron, gamma emission


1175. Bertalot, L., et al. Analysis of Tritium and Heat Excess in Electrochemical Cells With Pd Cathodes. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Bertalot, L.
All Authors: Bertalot, L., Bettinali, L., De Marco, F., Violante, V., De Logu, P., Dikonimos, T., La Barbera, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, tritium-, neutron-, electrolysis, pulse loading, ICCF-2, negative

INTRODUCTION

The origin of the excess heat developed during the electrolysis of heavy water in "Cold Fusion" cells is up to now open to question. The necessary presence of deuterium suggests that fusion reactions can be partially or totally responsible for the generation of excess heat.

Experience has shown neutron emission to be sporadic and very weak; on the other hand tritium was found in small but detectable amounts. Moreover if tritium accumulates in the solution it can be comfortably measured postmortem.

Two experimental campaigns were performed:

The first one in Frascati having as main objective the detection of tritium excess. Particular care was exerted to avoid any tritium and hydrogen contamination.

The second one at the Texas A & M University in the framework of a scientific collaboration, having as objective the excess of heat and tritium measurement.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BertalotLanalysisof.pdf


1176. Beuhler, R.J., et al., Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion by Impact of Heavy-Water Clusters on Deuterated Surfaces. J. Phys. Chem., 1991. 94: p. 7665.

First Author: Beuhler, R. J.
All Authors: Beuhler, R. J., Chu, Y. Y., Friedlander, G., Friedman, L., Kunnmann, W.
Keywords: cluster Impact, ion bombardment, Ti Zr,


1177. Bharadwaj, S.R., et al., The Palladium-Platinum Phase Diagram. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 169: p. 167.

First Author: Bharadwaj, S. R.
All Authors: Bharadwaj, S. R., Kerkar, A. S., Tripathi, S. N., Dharwadkar, S. R.
Keywords: Pd, Pt, phase diagram


1178. Bishop, J.E., Utah Funds for Cold Fusion Run Low Just as Concept Gets Boost From Navy, in Wall Street Journal. 1991: New YorkEditor. p. B4.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1179. Bishop, J.E., 'Cold Fusion' Researcher Asserts Dozens of Tests Can't be 'Ignored", in The Wall Street Journal. 1991: NYEditor. p. 6.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1180. Bishop, J.E., Cold Fusion Verdict May Be Delivered Soon, in Wall Street Journal. 1991: NYEditor.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1181. Bittner, M., et al., Evidence for the production of d-d fusion neutrons during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into a palladium cylinder. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2119.

First Author: Bittner, M.
All Authors: Bittner, M., Ludwig, G., Meister, A., Muller, J., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Stiehl, P., Wiesener, K., Wustner, P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, large current, neutron, D2O


1182. Bittner, M., et al., Indication for the temporary production of deuteron-deuteron fusion neutrons during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into a massive palladium slab. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 334.

First Author: Bittner, M.
All Authors: Bittner, M., Meister, A., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Wuestner, P.
Keywords: electrolysis, neutron, electrolysis, theory, plasma screening PdD


1183. Bittner, M., et al., Emission of DD-fusion neutrons from a massive palladium cyclinder during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into the metal". Isotopenpraxis, 1991. 27: p. 274.

First Author: Bittner, M.
All Authors: Bittner, M., Meister, A., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Wuestner, P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, large current, neutron


1184. Bittner, M., et al. Observation of D-D Fusion Neutrons During Degassing of Deuterium Loaded Palladium. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Bittner, M.
All Authors: Bittner, M., Meister, A., Seeliger, D., Schwierz, R., Westner, P.
Keywords: Pd, D2, neutron, fractofusion, ICCF-2

Introduction

Many experiments and charging palladium with deuterium, either electrolytically or by gas absorption, indicate a production of fast neutrons or other products of d-d fusion reactions accompanying the charging process under special, hitherto not fully understood conditions, see e.g. Ref. [1]. These results need further work towards experimental confirmation and understanding of underlying physical processes.

At the Dresden University of Technology after a first experiment confirming a very small neutron production during electrolytic charging the palladium cathodes with deuterium further studies of the phenomenon of nuclear fusion in condensed matter work carried out, which systematically hint at a week neutron production as a typical function of the period of charging.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=196


1185. Bockris, J., How Physicists and Chemists Differ. 21st Century Sci. & Technol., 1991. 4(4): p. 65-66.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J.
Keywords: history


1186. Bockris, J., Cold fusion II: The Story Continues. New Scientist, 1991. 19: p. 50.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J.
Keywords: history


1187. Bockris, J., D. Hodko, and Z. Minevski. Fugacity of hydrogen isotopes in metals: degradation, cracking and cold fusion. in Symp. Hydrogen Storage Materials, Batteries, Electrochemistry 1991. 1991.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z.
Keywords: Hydrogen, cracking, pressure


1188. Bockris, J., D. Hodko, and Z. Minevski. The Mechanism of Deuterium Evolution on Palladium: Relation to Heat Bursts Provoked By Fluxing Deuterium Across the Interface. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, loading, pulse, overvoltage ICCF-2

In spite of the electrochemical approach taken by Fleischmann and Pons, most of the research either too has concentrated upon manifesting nuclear effects (neutron omission, tritium formation) and there has been little investigation of the situation of the surface chemistry of the palladium electrode, a mechanism by which molecular deuterium is formed or that by which adsorbed D diffuses inside the palladium, - and what its fugacity there would be. These factors may have a determinative influence on the triggering of the diffusional effects, influencing not only the D/Pd ratio, but also internal cracking. Information on the relation between the surface characteristics and the fugacity may point to us conditions for the initiation of fusion.

In the present paper an interim report is given on the results of about on and one-half year's work of one sub-group at Texas A&M.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=352


1189. Boudard, A., M. Garcon, and S. Platchkov, What shape has the deuteron? Recherche, 1991. 22(235): p. 1094.

First Author: Boudard, A.
All Authors: Boudard, A., Garcon, M., Platchkov, S.
Keywords: theory


1190. Bower, B., Peer Review Under Fire. Science News, 1991. 139: p. 394.

First Author: Bower, B.
All Authors: Bower, B.
Keywords: history


1191. Braun, T., World Flash on Cold Fusion No. 10. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1991. 154(1): p. 1.

First Author: Braun, T.
All Authors: Braun, T.
Keywords: history


1192. Bressani, T., et al. A Study of the Neutron Emission from Ti Loaded With D in Gas Phase by Means of a Time-of-Flight Spectrometer. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Bressani, T.
All Authors: Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Lamberti, C., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Cherubini, R., Haque, A. M. I., Ricci, R. A.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, energy, ICCF-2

The final results of an experiment carried out in order to detect and measure the energy of the neutrons emitted from Ti metal loaded with D in gas phase are reported. A neutron spectrometer based on the time-of-flight and double scattering technique was used. We observed a 2.5 sigma signal for the emission of 2.45 MeV neutrons, corresponding to 1.3 0.5 neutrons s^-1 g^-1.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=120


1193. Bressani, T., et al., Observation of 2.5 MeV neutrons emitted from a titanium-deuterium system. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1991. 104(9): p. 1413.

First Author: Bressani, T.
All Authors: Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Lamberti, C., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Cherubini, R., Haque, A. M. I., Ricci, R. A.
Keywords: Ti, neutron, D2


1194. Brillas, E., et al. Product Analysis From D2O Electrolysis With Palladium and Titanium Cathodes. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Brillas, E.
All Authors: Brillas, E., Sardin, G., Casado, J., Domenech, X., Sanchez, J.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, D2O, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-2

The possible generation of tritium in the electrolyte and the incorporation of species such as tritium, lithium and platinum to cathodes during the electrolysis of 0.1M LiOD solutions with Pd and Ti cathodes and Pt anodes at low and high current densities have been studied by means of different techniques.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=24


1195. Britz, D., Parameter correlations in cold fusion measurements. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1991. 155(6): p. 377.

First Author: Britz, D.
All Authors: Britz, D.
Keywords: discussion, gamma emission, Birgul, critique


1196. Broad, W.J., Cold-Fusion Claim is Faulted on Ethics as Well as Science, in The New York Times. 1991: NYEditor. p. 1.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1197. Bunch, K.J. and R.W. Grow, Self-consistent field calculations on diatomic hydrogen in a potential well. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2131.

First Author: Bunch, K. J.
All Authors: Bunch, K. J., Grow, R. W.
Keywords: Theory


1198. Bush, B.F., et al., Helium production during the electrolysis of D2O in cold fusion experiments. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 304: p. 271.

First Author: Bush, B. F.
All Authors: Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J., Miles, M., Ostrom, G. S.
Keywords: electrolysis, He+, heat+, Pd, D2O, H2O, film radiation

INTRODUCTION Our interest in the "cold fusion" process [1,2] was piqued by the apparent lack of systematic investigation into the composition of the gaseous products produced during the electrolysis of D2O. A critical issue in determining whether or not the cold fusion process exists is the quality of the evidence concerning the composition of the gaseous products. The low intensity of neutrons has prompted proposals of other fusion processes such as d + d → 4He + γ [3] and p + d → 3He [4,5]. Accordingly, we report the results of experiments designed to detect helium in the effluent gases from electrolysis reactions at palladium cathodes while rigorously excluding possible helium contamination from other sources. The calorimetric electrolysis experiments reported here were performed at China Lake, and the analyses designed to establish the composition of the effluent gases were performed in Austin.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BushBFheliumprod.pdf


1199. Bush, R.T., Cold 'fusion'. The transmission resonance model fits data on excess heat, predicts optimal trigger points, and suggests nuclear reaction scenarios. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 313.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: Theory, transmission resonance, current density, heat+, D2O, Pd


1200. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton. A Calorimetric Study of the Excess Heat Effect in Thin Films of Palladium. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: Pd, heat+, thin layer, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-2


1201. Bylinsky, G., Cold Fusion Heats up Again. Fortune Magazine, 1991. 124(1): p. 18.

First Author: Bylinsky, G.
All Authors: Bylinsky, G.
Keywords: history


1202. Cali, G.J., et al., Electrochemical Regeneration of Clean and Well-Ordered Pd(111) Surface. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 297: p. 523.

First Author: Cali, G. J.
All Authors: Cali, G. J., Berry, G. M., Bothwell, M. E., Soriaga, M. P.
Keywords: Pd, H, LEED, order, surface


1203. Case, L.C., The reality of 'cold fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 478.

First Author: Case, L. C.
All Authors: Case, L. C.
Keywords: theory, d-t, fusion


1204. Cecil, F.E. and G.M. Hale. Measurement of D-D and D-6Li Nuclear Reactions at Very Low Energies. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Cecil, F. E.
All Authors: Cecil, F. E., Hale, G. M.
Keywords: fusion, T/n, rate, cross section, low energy, ion bombardment, ICCF-2, branching ratio

The nuclear reactions of very low energy deuterons (down to center-of-mass energies of 2 keV) with deuterons and 6Li have been measured. The measured D-D reactions are in good with agreement recent R-matrix calculations. The reaction ratios D(d,p)T/D(d,n)3He and 6Li(d,p)7Li/6Li(d,α)4He in particular were examined for possible evidence of an Oppenheimer-Phillips type enhancement. No significant enhancement was found in either ratio or in the absolute yields of the reactions. The radiative capture reactions D(d,γ)4He and 6Li(d,γ)8Be were likewise measured. The branching ratios of these radiative capture reactions to the nucleonic branches of the reactions appear roughly independent of energy. The role of these reactions in the production of heat in cold-fusion experiments is evaluated.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CecilFEmeasuremenb.pdf


1205. Cedzynska, K., et al., Tritium analysis in palladium with an open system analytical procedure. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 108.

First Author: Cedzynska, K.
All Authors: Cedzynska, K., Barrowes, S. C., Bergeson, H. E., Knight, L. C., Will, F. G.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O, analysis, method


1206. Celani, F., et al. Search for Neutron Emission from Deuterided High Temperature Superconductors in a Very Low Background Environment. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Liberatori, L., Croce, F., Storelli, L., Fortunati, S., Tului, M., Sparvieri, N.
Keywords: superconductor, neutron, D2, ICCF-2, YBaCuO

Following the experiments performed with deuterided High Temperature SuperConductors (HTSC) at underground Gran Sasso Laboratory, we have learnt the capacity to absorb Deuterium (D) by these materials and the role played by non-equilibrium conditions to get neutron burst emissions in the framework of Cold Fusion.

So far, some Y1Ba2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) pellets and high pressure D2 gas were enclosed in a stainless steal vessel and a charging-up procedure was performe d. The vessel was put in a thermal neutrons field and some thermal cycles (300-> 77-> 300 K) were performed; moreover, for comparison, background and blank runs were performed. A specific acquisition system, able to detect multiple neutron signals in defmed time-windows ("time correlated events"), was set-up. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=128


1207. Cerofolini, F., et al. Binuclear Atoms as Fusion Precursors in a Hot Cloud. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Cerofolini, F.
All Authors: Cerofolini, F., Dierckx, R., Para, A. F., Ottaviani, G.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-2

Deuteron-deuteron fusions were claimed by a Brookhaven group to re sult from the impact on deuterated surfaces of clusters of 25 - 1350 D2O molecules with energy up to 300 ke V. The collective motion in the impact region is tentatively assumed to be responsible for these fusion events. The number of involved atoms is of the order of 10^4 , with a mean energy of some electronvolts. The model is able to reproduce qualitatively the Brookhaven data according to an Arrhenius plot, with an activation energy E* ~ 2E0 , where E0 is the hydrogen ionization energy. At this energy an activated precursor is postulated to be synthesized; it can tentatively be identified as the binuclear atom (D^+ - D^+)2e^-.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=208


1208. Chambaud, G., B. Levy, and J.G. Esteve, Estimate of Ti effects on D-D fusion. Phys. Lett., 1991. A156: p. 395.

First Author: Chambaud, G.
All Authors: Chambaud, G., Levy, B., Esteve, J. G.
Keywords: Theory, screening, Ti


1209. Chang, C.P., et al., Hydrogen and deuterium in palladium. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1991. 16: p. 491.

First Author: Chang, C. P.
All Authors: Chang, C. P., Wu, J. K., Yao, Y. D., Wang, C. W., Lin, E. K.
Keywords: Pd, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, heat+, diffusion, lattice parameter, surface analysis


1210. Chapnik, I.M., Possibility of electrochemically induced transmutation in PdD. Phys. Lett. A, 1991. 161: p. 111.

First Author: Chapnik, I. M.
All Authors: Chapnik, I. M.
Keywords: Theory, Pd, Oppenheimer-Phillips


1211. Chatterjee, L., On a weak flavor for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 358.

First Author: Chatterjee, L.
All Authors: Chatterjee, L.
Keywords: Theory, screening


1212. Chatterjee, L., The two faces of the Coulomb barrier. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 365.

First Author: Chatterjee, L.
All Authors: Chatterjee, L.
Keywords: Theory


1213. Chatterjee, L., A. Chakrabarty, and G. Das, Non-radiative exit channels in low energy d-d fusion. Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1991. 29: p. 781.

First Author: Chatterjee, L.
All Authors: Chatterjee, L., Chakrabarty, A., Das, G.
Keywords: Theory


1214. Chatterjee, L. and G. Das, Sub-barrier nuclear fusion of amuonic and muonic flavour. Phys. Lett., 1991. A154: p. 5.

First Author: Chatterjee, L.
All Authors: Chatterjee, L., Das, G.
Keywords: Theory, screening


1215. Chrzan, D.C. and W.G. Wolfer, Helium Bubble Growth by the Dislocation Pipe Diffusion Mechanism. 1991.

First Author: Chrzan, D. C.
All Authors: Chrzan, D. C., Wolfer, W. G.
Keywords: 4He, PdT, bubble, swelling, dislocation,


1216. Chu, S.Y. and B. Shen, Can the color force be used to achieve fusion? Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 1991. A6: p. 237.

First Author: Chu, S. Y.
All Authors: Chu, S. Y., Shen, B.
Keywords: Theory, color force


1217. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb. An Explanation of Cold Fusion and Cold Fusion By-products, based on Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-2

In this paper, first we re-examine the assumptions associated with applying the fundamental "scientific paradigm" of hot fusion to the problem of cold fusion and then explain how much of the cold fusion controversy can be reconciled once an alternative paradigm, based on solid state physics, is adapted. The new world-view that results from this different perspective is the basis of our "Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry" (LINC) theory of cold fusion. We conclude the paper by summarizing some of the most important results of LINC. These include our predictions (prior to the experimental work by Bush et al.) that 1) it is to be expected that the primary cold fusion byproducts in the electrolytic experiments involved Pd and D probably are heat and low-energy 4He, 2) the 4He should remain largely on trapped within the bulk electrode and be found primarily in the surface region and out gases, and 3) there is a need to satisfy a critical loading condition (of x~1 in PdDx) in the electrolytic experiments.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=214


1218. Chubb, T.A. and S.R. Chubb, Cold fusion as an interaction between ion band states. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 93.

First Author: Chubb, T. A.
All Authors: Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R.
Keywords: Theory

A theory of solid-state fusion based on the interaction between D+ and 4He++ ion band states within a host lattice is presented. Formation of ion band-state deuterium is thermo-dynamically favored when lattice strain energy is greater than the incremental chemical potential of the band state. The key fusion step is a coalescence fluctuation that converts a twofold occupation state of electrostatic zero-point-motion size into a state of nuclear dimensions. Rates are calculated using the Fermi Golden Rule. Fusion energy is shared between band-state members and subsequently transferred to the lattice.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAcoldfusion.pdf


1219. Clark, R.W., What ever happened to cold fusion? J. Chem. Ed., 1991. 68: p. 277.

First Author: Clark, R. W.
All Authors: Clark, R. W.
Keywords: review


1220. Claytor, T.N., D.G. Tuggle, and H.O. Menlove. Tritium Generation and Neutron Measurements in Pd-Si Under High Deuterium Gas Pressure. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Ita: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Claytor, T. N.
All Authors: Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Menlove, H. O.
Keywords: tritium, neutron, Pd-Si, method, gas discharge, ICCF-2

INTRODUCTION

This paper summarizes some of the methods applicable for low level tritium detection needed in the search for anomalous fusion in metal hydrides. It is also intended to further detail our tritium and neutron results that have been obtained with the Pd-Si-D system, originally presented at earlier workshops. A measure of reproducibility that was not evident in our previous work has been achieved partially due to the better detection sensitivity afforded by the use of low tritium deuterium and partially from the fact that the foil-wafer cells can be made with nearly identical electrical characteristics. This reproducibility has allowed us to narrow the optimum conditions for the experiment. While this experiment is rather different from the "standard" electrolytic cell or the Ti gas hydride experiment, similarities exist in that non equilibrium conditions are sought and the tritium generation levels are low and neutron emission is extremely weak. In contrast to many electrochemical cell experiments, the system used in these experiments is completely sealed during operation and uses no electrolyte.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClaytorTNtritiumgen.pdf


1221. Close, F., Cold Fusion I: The Discovery That Never Was. New Scientist, 1991. 1752: p. 46.

First Author: Close, F.
All Authors: Close, F.
Keywords: critique, history


1222. Corrigan, D.A., B.K. Schwemmin, and E.W. Schneider, Radiochemical measurements of tritium during heavy water electrolysis at palladium cathodes in closed cells. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 312: p. 175.

First Author: Corrigan, D. A.
All Authors: Corrigan, D. A., Schwemmin, B. K., Schneider, E. W.
Keywords: tritium, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, negative


1223. Czerwinski, A., R. Marassi, and S. Zamponi, The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part I. Acidic solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 316: p. 211.

First Author: Czerwinski, A.
All Authors: Czerwinski, A., Marassi, R., Zamponi, S.
Keywords: Pd, loading, layer, OCV


1224. Danos, M. and V.B. Belyaev, Estimate of the neutron transfer fusion rate. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 354.

First Author: Danos, M.
All Authors: Danos, M., Belyaev, V. B.
Keywords: Theory, neutron


1225. De Ninno, A., et al. The Production of Neutrons and Tritium in the Deuterium Gas-Titanium Interaction. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: De Ninno, A.
All Authors: De Ninno, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Frattolillo, A., Migliori, S., Lanza, F., Scaglione, S., Zeppa, P., Pontorieri, C.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, tritium, ICCF-2, titanium

The search for neutron emission due to the interaction between deuterium gas and titanium in non-equilibrium thermodynamic condit ions was first proposed by the Frascati Group of ENEA, and preliminary results, obtained in April 1989, were published. The same results, enriched with new data, were presented at the Santa Fe Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena in May and at the Workshop Understanding Cold Fusion Phenomena, held in Varenna in September 1989. These data, as well as all the others in the field, were characterized by lack of reproducibility.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=144


1226. Dienes, J.K., On nuclear reactions in defects. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 543.

First Author: Dienes, J. K.
All Authors: Dienes, J. K.
Keywords: Theory, distance


1227. Dmitrenko, V.N., I.P. Dryapachenko, and M.V. Sokolov, On the possibility of the study of electron screening in three-particle nuclear reactions. Ukr. Fiz. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), 1991. 36: p. 993 (in Russian).

First Author: Dmitrenko, V. N.
All Authors: Dmitrenko, V. N., Dryapachenko, I. P., Sokolov, M. V.
Keywords: Theory, screening


1228. Dong, S.Y., et al., Precursors to 'cold fusion' phenomenon and the detection of energetic charged particles in deuterium/solid systems. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 330.

First Author: Dong, S. Y.
All Authors: Dong, S. Y., Wang, K. L., Feng, Y., Chang, L., Luo, C. M., Hu, R. Y., Zhou, P. L., Mo, D. W., Zhu, Y. F., Song, C .L., Chen, Y. T., Yao, M. Y., Ren, C., Chen, Q. K., Li, X. Z.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, D2, emr, UV, x-ray, theory, CR-39, particle emission


1229. Donohue, D.L. and M. Petek, Isotopic measurements of palladium metal containing protium and deuterium by glow discharge mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 1991. 63: p. 740.

First Author: Donohue, D. L.
All Authors: Donohue, D. L., Petek, M.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd, isotope change, D2O, surface analysis H/D


1230. Dragan, G., Topoenergetic evidence of cold fusion phenomena. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 361.

First Author: Dragan, G.
All Authors: Dragan, G.
Keywords: theory, critique, Fleischmann


1231. Droege, T.F. and L.J. Droege. An Improved Zero Gradient Calorimeter For the Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Droege, T. F.
All Authors: Droege, T. F., Droege, L. J.
Keywords: heat, apparatus, method, ICCF-2

A second generation no balance calorimeter has been constructed for measuring anomalous heat in electrolytic cells. This calorimeter is similar in concept to an isothermal calorimeter except that it is operated with zero temperature differential. The calorimeter accuracy is normal 4 milliwatts when operated at a total power of 12 watts. Calibration is performed in Scituate by operating the cells under test reversed or at zero current.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=258


1232. Duan, S.Y., et al. Fusion Neutron Emission Induced by Injection of Deuterium Into Titanium Target in a Mirror Plasma. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Duan, S. Y.
All Authors: Duan, S. Y., Guan, W. S., Cheng, S. Q., Zhang, J., Hao, S. L., Gu, B., Li, J. Q., Liang, W. X., Zhsang, G. Y., Pei, S. X., Huang, J. C., Chen, K. W., Liu, R., Liu, X. R., Li, Y. J.
Keywords: titanium, gas discharge, ion implantation D2, neutron, gamma emission ICCF-2

A target, titanium sheet laden with deuterium, is immersed in the deuterium plasma confined in MM-2U magnetic mirror and it is biased at about ~10 kV. The deuterium nickel-deuterons are infused into the crystal structure of titanium target. After having implanted deuterium for several hours, random neutron emissions are observed and neutron burst are measured by using two identical BF-3 neutron detectors No. 1 and No. 2 located at different positions and a neutron dosemeter. The neutron count rates are up to 100 times higher than the background count of 0.8 count/sec. it is corresponding to neutron flux of (2-8)E+5 neutron/sec. no GammaRay counts beyond background are detected in our experiments. It is suggested that random neutron burst may be from cold nuclear fusion reactions related to the propagation of micro cracks in the metal lattice.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=154


1233. Dufour, J., Energy Source System (Patent). 1991: World Patent, WO 91/01036 (1991).

First Author: Dufour, J.
All Authors: Dufour, J.
Keywords:


1234. Eagleton, R.D. and R.T. Bush, Calorimetric experiments supporting the transmission resonance model for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 239.

First Author: Eagleton, R. D.
All Authors: Eagleton, R. D., Bush, R. T.
Keywords: Theory, resonance, heat+, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, current density


1235. Enyo, M., Is the cold fusion reaction possible? Kagaku to Kogyo (Tokyo), 1991. 44: p. 47 (in Japanese).

First Author: Enyo, M.
All Authors: Enyo, M.
Keywords: Review


1236. Enyo, M., Key points in the evaluation of experimental results (the excess heat). Oyo Butsuri, 1991. 62: p. 716 (in Japanese).

First Author: Enyo, M.
All Authors: Enyo, M.
Keywords: Discussion


1237. Escarpizo, B., et al. Solid State and Electrochemical Phenomena Related to Cold Fusion in Titanium. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Escarpizo, B.
All Authors: Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F., Sevilla, J., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: Ti, D2O, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-2

I. Introduction
Attempts to reproduce cold fusion results/experiments follow, at least, two possible directions:

a) Improvements of characteristics (efficiency and so on ) of detectors and reductions of background signals and noises.

b) Better knowledge of the system (electrolytic cell) i.e. of the cathode material and of the electrolysis itself.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=30


1238. Fang, P.H., Deuterium fusion through nonequilibrium induction. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 369.

First Author: Fang, P. H.
All Authors: Fang, P. H.
Keywords: ultrasonic, Pd, powder


1239. Farley, F.J.M., Cold fusion. New Scientist, 1991. 129(1756): p. 3.

First Author: Farley, F. J. M.
All Authors: Farley, F. J. M.
Keywords: recombination, theory


1240. Fedorovich, G.V., Coulomb interaction in an E-cell. Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys., 1991. 36: p. 847.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion, E-cell


1241. Fedorovich, G.V., The Coulomb interaction in the E-cell. Physica B, 1991. 172: p. 491.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, E-cell


1242. Flanagan, T.B., W. Luo, and J.D. Clewley, Calorimetric enthalpies of absorption and desorption of protium and deuterium by palladium. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 42.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Luo, W., Clewley, J. D.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, thermodynamic, heat, PdD


1243. Flanagan, T.B. and W.A. Oates, The Palladium-Hydrogen System. Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 1991. 21: p. 269.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Oates, W. A.
Keywords: PdH, Phase Diagram, diffusion, Lattice Parameter bonding thermodynamic, review


1244. Fleischmann, M. The Present Status of Research in Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: review, heat, history, ICCF-2

In the development of any new area of research (and especially in one likely to arouse controversy!) it is desirable to achieve first of all a qualitative explanation of the demonstration of the phenomena invoked in the observations. It is the qualitative demonstrations which are unambiguous: the quantitative analyses of the experimental results can be the subject of debate but, if these quantitative analyses stand in opposition to the qualitative demonstration, then these methods of analysis must be judged to be incorrect.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanthepresent.pdf


1245. Fujii, Y., et al. Anomalous Neutron Burst in Heavy Water Electrolysis. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Fujii, Y.
All Authors: Fujii, Y., Takahashi, M., Nakada, M., Kusunoki, T., Kamoto, O.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-2

Anomalous neutron burst has been detected in heavy water electrolysis using a Pd cathode. The burst events occurred five times periodically for ca. 140 hours. The numbers of the burst neutrons increased gradualy from 5.3 sigma (the 1st event/l0min. ) to 135 sigma (the 5th event/10min. ) and the last event continued for 50 min. and gave 1779 neutrons to the five 3He neutron countors of 1% detection efficiency. The reproducibility has been examined three times, but any further event did not occurred.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=96


1246. Fukai, Y., From Metal Hydrides to the Metal-Hydrogen System. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 8.

First Author: Fukai, Y.
All Authors: Fukai, Y.
Keywords: phase Diagram, H, high Pressure, V, Ti


1247. Gajda, M. and J. Rafelski, Jovian limits on conventional fusion. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1991. 17: p. 653.

First Author: Gajda, M.
All Authors: Gajda, M., Rafelski, J.
Keywords: theory, Jupiter


1248. Gajewski, R., Fuzja, nadzieja czy iluzja? (Nuclear fusion, hope or illusion?). Postepy Fiz., 1991. 42: p. 85 (in Polish).

First Author: Gajewski, R.
All Authors: Gajewski, R.
Keywords: Discussion


1249. Gentsch, H., DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1991. 95: p. 1283 (in German).

First Author: Gentsch, H.
All Authors: Gentsch, H.
Keywords: electrolysis Pd-Ag, ion beam, neutron, gamma emission, D2O,, tritium


1250. Gerischer, H. Is Cold Fusion a Reality? The Impressions of a Critical Observer. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Gerischer, H.
All Authors: Gerischer, H.
Keywords: review, critique, history, ICCF-2, surface

Having received, at short notice, the invitation to attend the second international conference on cold fusion as a sceptical observer, I began to study some of the papers which have appeared since the fall of 1989 after which I had stopped following the publications in this area. Being sceptical from the beginning, the many negative reports from renowned laboratories seemed to confirm that the disputed claims of cold fusion occurring in a solid were, unfortunately, based on the erroneous interpretation of ill-defined experiments. I now realize that in the meantime many new positive results have been published which can not be pushed aside quite so easily. Two reviews, currently in the course of publication, were very helpful and yielded much information on the present situation. These are the reviews of M. Srinivasan and E. Storms. Together with my reading and the lectures given on the first days of the conference, I eventually felt able to present my impressions in a lecture on the last day of the conference, as the organizers had requested. I am aware that all the arguments pro and contra the reality of cold fusion have been pointed out by others before. The first part of my contribution to the report of this conference is therefore mainly a reminder of the problems. In the second part I raise some questions seen with the eyes of a physical chemist being specially experienced in electrochemistry.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=480


1251. Gerischer, H., Memorandum on the Present State of Knowledge on Cold Fusion, J. Bockris, Editor. 1991.

First Author: Gerischer, H.
All Authors: Gerischer, H.
Keywords: review, critique, history

"In spite of my earlier conclusion, -- and that of the majority of scientists, -- that the phenomena reported by Fleischmann and Pons in 1989 depended either on measurement errors or were of chemical origin, there is now undoubtedly overwhelming indications that nuclear processes take place in the metal alloys." Professor Heinz Gerischer

COLD FUSION John OM. Bockris Chemistry Dept., Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843

October 30, 1991

A memorandum has been written on the present state of cold fusion research as of October, 1991, by Professor Heinz Gerischer. The significance of this memorandum arises from Professor Gerischers status. He is widely recognized to be the leading physical electrochemist in Europe and would vie for the title on a still wider basis. Apart from his long term involvement in electrochemistry he is well known as a physical chemist of the highest standing and was, until 1988, the Director of the Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry in Berlin.



[Note. This document was misfiled. The LENR-CANR.org filename is incorrect, but since it has been on file for many years, we will not change it. This paper confused with an another paper by Gerischer in the ICCF-2 proceedings, which is here: http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=480]

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GerischerHiscoldfusi.pdf


1252. Giordano, N., A.S. Arico, and V. Antonucci, Thermal effects during the electrolytic charging of deuterium in the palladium lattice. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 105.

First Author: Giordano, N.
All Authors: Giordano, N., Arico, A. S., Antonucci, V.
Keywords: theory, thermal conductivity


1253. Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Proton emission in low-temperature nuclear fusion. Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1991. 12: p. 6.

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Kayumov, F. F., Merzon, G. I., Petrii, O. A., Tsarev, V. A., Tsirlina, G. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, particle emission, D2O


1254. Golubnichii, P.I., et al., Correlated neutron and acoustic emission from a deuterium-saturated palladium target. JETP Lett., 1991. 53: p. 122.

First Author: Golubnichii, P. I.
All Authors: Golubnichii, P. I., Kuz'minov, V. V., Merzon, G. I., Pritichenko, B. V., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A.
Keywords: fractofusion, Pd, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, accustic


1255. Goods, S.H. and S.E. Guthrie, Mechanical Properties of Palladium and Palladium Hydride. 1991.

First Author: Goods, S. H.
All Authors: Goods, S. H., Guthrie, S. E.
Keywords: Pd, PdH, strength, stress, strain, hardness,


1256. Gorodetskii, V.G., et al., Emission of neutrons and gamma quanta from palladium upon its saturation with deuterium in the gas phase. Fiz. Metal. Metalloved., 1991(7): p. 176 (in Russian).

First Author: Gorodetskii, V. G.
All Authors: Gorodetskii, V. G., Polosukhin, B. G., Sulimov, E. M., Novikov, P. I., Bychin, V. P.
Keywords: D2, Pd, neutron, gamma emission


1257. Gozzi, D., et al. Multicell Experiments for Searching Time-Related Events in Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O neutron tritium gamma emission heat+ Current density ICCF-2 electrolysis

A new ten-electrochemical cell experiment has been carried out in order to confinn the previous results and try to understand the key role of some experimental parameters in triggering the cold fusion events. The experiment was designed to detect: a) excess heat; b) loading factor by in situ measurement of the cathode displacement; c) nuclear products: neutrons, tritium in the electrolytic solution and in the recombined heavy water, gamma-ray; d) effect of the palladium electrode preparation. To measure the excess heat, a calibration curve of the input power vs temperature of the LiOD + D2O solution was obtained for cells equal in shape, materials and operating in the same experimental condition in which the experiment was actually performed. The unique difference was on the cathode. The cathode used in the calibration measurements was made of palladium rod gold-plated by electrochemical deposition. Neutron detector is a 3He proportional counter, the same used in the previous experiments, but the data acquisition is now Implemented by a fast pulse-shape storage and off-line discrimination for a very accurate counting. The findings of the experiment, lasted about 50 days, are: i) dependent on the type of the cathode, specific excess power values up to 96 W/cm3 was found; ii) specific excess power showed linear dependence from the current density with a threshold at around 150 mA/cm2; iii) the cathode swelling was dependent from the type of the cathode and in the case of rods it increased with the current density; iv) no evidence of nuclear products statistically significant was detected.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=36


1258. Granite, E. and J. Jorne, A novel method for studying electrochemically induced cold fusion using a deuteron-conducting solid electrolyte. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 317: p. 285.

First Author: Granite, E.
All Authors: Granite, E., Jorne, J.
Keywords: Pd, neutron, solid electrolyte, layer, heat-, 4He, tritium, photon conductor


1259. Gupta, S.D. and J.K. Jacobs, Process and apparatus for generating high density hydrogen in a matrix. 1991: US patent # 4,986,887.

First Author: Gupta, S. D.
All Authors: Gupta, S. D., Jacobs, J. K.
Keywords: loading, Pd, electrolysis, patent,


1260. Hagelstein, P.L. Coherent and Semi-coherent Neutron Transfer Reactions. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-2

The novel process of coherent neutron transfer III the presence of a lattice is proposed to be the basis of a number of anomalous phenomena which have recently been reported in i nvestigations of the Pons-Fleischmann effect.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=220


1261. Hansen, W.N. Report to the Utah State Fusion/Energy Council on the Analysis of Selected Pons Fleischmann Calorimetric Data. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Hansen, W. N.
All Authors: Hansen, W. N.
Keywords: heat, critique, Pd, D2O, Pons, Fleischmann, ICCF-2

Here is reported my analysis of a series of electrochemical experiments run by Pons and Fleischmann, P/F. This series produced some remarkable results which were revealed only through a careful analysis.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HansenWNreporttoth.pdf


1262. Hawkins, N., Possible natural cold fusion in the atmosphere. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2112.

First Author: Hawkins, N.
All Authors: Hawkins, N.
Keywords: atmosphere, Ball Lighting


1263. Hirabayashi, T., Y. Yoshida, and Y. Aradono, Verification of room temperature nuclear fusion. 2. Genshiryoku Kogyo, 1991. 37(4): p. 31 (in Japanese).

First Author: Hirabayashi, T.
All Authors: Hirabayashi, T., Yoshida, Y., Aradono, Y.
Keywords: Review


1264. Hongyu, Z., et al. Some Results on Cold Fusion Research. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Hongyu, Z.
All Authors: Hongyu, Z., Chenlin, W., Yanin, R., Guoying, F., Hua, Y., Weidong, Z., Dachun, W., Ming, H., Shuzen, L., Zhuen, H., Zhongda, W., Runhu, Y., Zhenghao, L., Guoxiao, R.
Keywords: Pd, Ti, D2O, D2, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-2

Anomalous nuclear effects in Pd+Ti+D2 system were investigated by means of a double liquid scintillator system. A recoil proton spectrum of 2.45 MeV neutrons was obtained from heavy water electrolysis experiment using Pd as cathode. First neutrons and random neutron emissions were observed in discharge experiments and temperature cycle experiments for Pd+Ti+D2 system.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=64


1265. Horowitz, C.J., Cold nuclear fusion in dense metallic hydrogen. Astrophys. J., 1991. 367: p. 288.

First Author: Horowitz, C. J.
All Authors: Horowitz, C. J.
Keywords: theory, metallic hydrogen


1266. Huggins, R.A., Fundamental considerations relating to the insertion of hydrogen isotopes into mixed conductors at high activities. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1991. 210: p. 317.

First Author: Huggins, R. A.
All Authors: Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: theory, catalysis


1267. Ichimaru, S., Cold nuclear fusion in pressurized liquid metals. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1991. 60: p. 1437.

First Author: Ichimaru, S.
All Authors: Ichimaru, S.
Keywords: Theory, p-d, p-Li, fusion


1268. Ikegami, H. Cold Fusion Researches in Japan. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Ikegami, H.
All Authors: Ikegami, H.
Keywords: review, Japan, ICCF-2

Positive results as well as some negative results from cold fusion research in Japan are reviewed with some comments. Out of 11 research groups taken up in the present review, three groups are mainly working on excess heat calorimetry, and the rest of the eight groups are involved in the detection of nuclear fusion products.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=312


1269. Ikegami, H., Present and future of cold fusion. Nuclear products from cold fusion. Oyo Butsuri, 1991. 60: p. 212 (in Japanese).

First Author: Ikegami, H.
All Authors: Ikegami, H.
Keywords: Review


1270. Ilic, R. and J. Rant, The search for cold nuclear fusion with track-etch and bubble damage detectors. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., 1991. 19: p. 619.

First Author: Ilic, R.
All Authors: Ilic, R., Rant, J.
Keywords: neutron, method


1271. Jin, S., et al., Anomalous nuclear effects in palladium-deuterium systems during the gas discharge process. Gaojishu Tongxun, 1991. 1(5): p. 25 (In Chinese).

First Author: Jin, S.
All Authors: Jin, S., Zhang, F., Yao, D., Wang, Q., Wu, B., Feng, Y., Chen, M.
Keywords: Ion bombardment, D2, particle emission, CR-39, PdD


1272. Jin, S., et al. Anomalous Nuclear Events in Deuterium Palladium Systems. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Jin, S.
All Authors: Jin, S., Zhang, F., Yao, D., Wu, B.
Keywords: Pd, particle emission, D2, deloading, CR-39, gas diacharge, ICCF-2

Intense bursts of charged particles far Larger than background have been reproducibly detected for the first time by using CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector during either a high voltage discharge between deuterated palladium electrodes or a non-equilibrium out-diffusion of deuterons in palladium. No any anomalous effects were found in the controL experiments of Pd-H system under the same experimental conditions. This indicates that some anomalous nu clear effects were definately produced in the Pd-D system under certain conditions.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=160


1273. Jin, S.X., et al., The possibilities of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. Science in China A, 1991. 34: p. 697.

First Author: Jin, S. X.
All Authors: Jin, S. X., Ding, Y. B., Wu, B. L., Liu, Y. Z., Yao, D. C.
Keywords: theory


1274. Jones, S.E., Nuclear reactions in deuterated solids versus excess heat claims. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 915.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E.
Keywords: review


1275. Jorne, J., Neutron and gamma-ray emission from palladium deuteride under supercritical conditions. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 371.

First Author: Jorne, J.
All Authors: Jorne, J.
Keywords: Pd D2, nonequilibrium, neutron gamma emission


1276. Julin, P. and L.A. Bursill, Dendritic surface morphology of palladium hydride produced by electrolytic deposition. J. Solid State Chem., 1991. 93: p. 403.

First Author: Julin, P.
All Authors: Julin, P., Bursill, L. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, H2O, TEM, surface, dendrite, particle


1277. Jung, P., Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gasses in Solids Diffusion and Clustering of Helium in Noble Metals, ed. S.E. Donnelly and J.H. Evans. 1991: Plenum Press, NYJung, P. 59.

First Author: Jung, P.
All Authors: Jung, P.
Keywords: 4He, diffusion, Au, Ag, Cu


1278. Karabut, A.B., Y. Kucherov, and I.B. Savvatimova, The investigation of deuterium nuclei fusion at glow discharge cathode. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 924.

First Author: Karabut, A. B.
All Authors: Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B.
Keywords: ion bombardment D2, heat+ neutron gamma emission radioactivity


1279. Kazarinov, V.E., et al., Cathodic behaviour of palladium in electrolytic solutions containing alkali metal ions. Elektrokhimiya, 1991. 27: p. 9 (in Russian).

First Author: Kazarinov, V. E.
All Authors: Kazarinov, V. E., Astakhov, I. I., Teplitskaya, G. L., Kiseleva, I. G., Davydov, A. D., Nekrasova, N. V., Kudryavtsev, D. Yu., Zhukova, T. B.
Keywords: electrolysis, Li, surface analysis


1280. Keesing, R.G., et al., Thermal, thermoelectric, and cathode poisoning effects in cold fusion experiments. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 375.

First Author: Keesing, R. G.
All Authors: Keesing, R. G., Greenhow, R. C., Cohler, M. D., McQuillan, A. J.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat- gamma emission, neutron, overvoltage, theory, Peltier


1281. Kenny, J.P., Electropionics and fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 547.

First Author: Kenny, J. P.
All Authors: Kenny, J. P.
Keywords: theory, pion


1282. Kikuchi, E., et al., Effect of charging current density on release characteristics of tritium from palladium. Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, 1991. 59: p. 880 (in Japanese).

First Author: Kikuchi, E.
All Authors: Kikuchi, E., Nomura, K., Nogawa, N., Saito, H., Itoh, K., Niikura, H., Murabayashi, M.
Keywords: tritium, loading, diffusion


1283. Kim, Y.E., Fission-induced inertial confinement hot fusion and cold fusion with electrolysis. 1991: Plenum Press.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: Theory, surface reaction


1284. Kim, Y.E., Time-delayed apparent excess heat generation in electrolysis fusion experiments. Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 1991. 6: p. 1053.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: heat+, D2, Pd, H2, theory, loading


1285. Kim, Y.E., Surface reaction mechanism for deuterium-deuterium fusion with a gas/solid-state fusion device. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 558.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: Theory, bubble

Recent highly reproducible results of tritium production by deuterium-deuterium (D-D) fusion from gas/solid-state fusion experiments are discussed in terms of a surface fusion mechanism. Theoretical criteria and experimental conditions for improving and optimizing D-D fusion rates in a gas/solid-state fusion device are described. It is shown that the surface fusion mechanism also provides a plausible explanation for the nonreproducibility of the results of electrolysis fusion experiments.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEsurfacereab.pdf


1286. Kim, Y.E., et al., Shock-wave Impact Fusion With Cluster Beams. Chem. Phys. Lett., 1991. 184: p. 465.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A., Rabinowitz, M., Bae, Y. K.
Keywords: cluster Impact, theory


1287. Kim, Y.E., et al., Cluster-Impact Nuclear Fusion: Shock-Wave Statistical Analysis. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1991. 5: p. 941.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Bae, Y. K., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A.
Keywords: theory, cluster Impact


1288. Kim, Y.E., et al., Theory of Cluster-Impact Fusion with Atomic and Molecular Cluster Beams. Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 1991. 5(6): p. 427.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A.
Keywords: theory, cluster Impact


1289. Kim, Y.E., et al., The effect of coulomb screening and velocity distribution on fusion cross-sections and rates in physical processes. Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 1991. 6(10): p. 929.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A.
Keywords: theory, cluster Impact


1290. Kim, Y.E., R.A. Rice, and G.S. Chulik, The role of the low-energy proton-deuteron fusion cross section in physical processes. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 174.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulik, G. S.
Keywords: Theory, p-d fusion, geological


1291. Kimura, A. and H.K. Birnbaum, Effect of adsorbed surface poisons on the loss of hydrogen from nickel. Acta metall. Mater., 1991. 39: p. 295.

First Author: Kimura, A.
All Authors: Kimura, A., Birnbaum, H. K.
Keywords: NiH, phase Diagram, lattice Parameter, desorption, H2 structure, poison


1292. Kimura, T., Current problems and future of room temperature nuclear fusion. Genshiryoku Kogyo, 1991. 37(4): p. 49 (in Japanese).

First Author: Kimura, T.
All Authors: Kimura, T.
Keywords: Review


1293. Klotz, I.M. and J.J. Katz, Two extraordinary electrical experiments. Am. Scholar, 1991. 60: p. 247.

First Author: Klotz, I. M.
All Authors: Klotz, I. M., Katz, J. J.
Keywords: history


1294. Kochubey, D.I., et al., Enrichment of deuterium with tritium in the presence of a palladium-561 giant cluster. J. Molec. Catal., 1991. 66: p. 99.

First Author: Kochubey, D. I.
All Authors: Kochubey, D. I., Babenko, V. P., Vargaftik, M. N., I., Moiseev.
Keywords: D2, chemical, tritium


1295. Konenkov, N.V., S.S. Silakov, and G.A. Mogil'chenko, Quadrupole mass-spectrometric analysis of hydrogen isotopes during deuterium implantation in titanium. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1991. 17(1): p. 8.

First Author: Konenkov, N. V.
All Authors: Konenkov, N. V., Silakov, S. S., Mogil'chenko, G. A.
Keywords: Ti, helium, tritium, ion implantation


1296. Krapivnyi, N.G., Y.B. Kleshnya, and Sobornitskii, Allowing for finite rate of propagation of hydrogen concentration wave during hydrogen diffusion in metals. translated from Elektrokhimiya, 1991. 28(3): p. 451.

First Author: Krapivnyi, N. G.
All Authors: Krapivnyi, N. G., Kleshnya, Y. B., Sobornitskii
Keywords: loading, diffusion, Pd, H2


1297. Krasnoshchekov, Y.I., et al., Possibility of nuclear reaction during phase transitions. Sov. Phys. Dokl., 1991. 36: p. 705.

First Author: Krasnoshchekov, Yu. I.
All Authors: Krasnoshchekov, Yu. I., Larionov, L. V., Makovei, V. A., Muryshev, E. Yu., Syrenkov, G. I.
Keywords: theory, phase change


1298. Kuehne, R.W., Cold fusion: pros and cons. Phys. Lett. A, 1991. 155: p. 467.

First Author: Kuehne, R. W.
All Authors: Kuehne, R. W.
Keywords: Review, critique


1299. Kuehne, R.W., Possible explanations for failures to detect cold fusion. Phys. Lett. A, 1991. 159: p. 208.

First Author: Kuehne, R. W.
All Authors: Kuehne, R. W.
Keywords: theory, review, critique, fractofusion


1300. Kumagai, H., et al., Attempts in detection of neutrons on so-called cold nuclear fusion. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1991. 60: p. 2594.

First Author: Kumagai, H.
All Authors: Kumagai, H., Nakabayashi, S., Yamagata, S., Isomura, S., Ichihara, T., Yoshida, K., Suzuki, T., Takahashi, K., Kira, A., Tanahata, I.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O


1301. Kumar, K., et al., Analyses of palladium cathodes used for heavy water electrolysis. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 178.

First Author: Kumar, K.
All Authors: Kumar, K., Hwang, I. S., Ballinger, R. G., Dauwalter, C. R., Stecyk, A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, structure, loading, surface analysis


1302. Kuzmann, E., et al. Mossbauer Spectroscopic Characterization of Samples for Cold Fusion Experiment. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Kuzmann, E.
All Authors: Kuzmann, E., Gal, M., Sulymos, G. K., Szeles, C. S.
Keywords: superconductor, D2, H2, Mossbauer, ICCF-2, structure

In this contribution we show a case in which we have applied the Mossbauer spectroscopy for characterization of samples which were expected to show anomalous nuclear effects upon to their deuterization. The Mossbauer spectroscopy can provide information about the surrounding of a Mossbauer atom in deuterized samples by measuring the electrical monopole and quadrupole as well as magnetic dipole interactions. The introduction of deuterium (or hydrogen) into the vicinity of a resonance atom will influence the physical parameters which govern the Mossbauer spectrum, thus changes will be expected in the hyperfine interactions e.g. in isomer shift, quadrupole splitting, magnetic splitting (Fig. 1 ) and in other parameters. Consequently, the localization of deuterium can be sensitively studied. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=292


1303. Lanza, F., et al. Tritium Production Resulting From Deuteration of Different Metals and Alloys. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Lanza, F.
All Authors: Lanza, F., Bertolini, G., Vocino, V., Parnisari, E., Ronsecco, C.
Keywords: tritium, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, D2, neutron, ICCF-2

Abstract Previous experiments have shown that tritium is produced in deuterated titanium. To define better the phenomenon a series of tests have been performed using various metals and alloys and different deuterating conditions. Sheets and shavings of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum, Zircaloy 2 and Ti-Zr 50% alloy have been tested. A statistical analysis of the tritium production shows that significant differences are obtained varying the type of metal used. Using pure metals the tritium production increases with the increase of the atomic number of the metal. Moreover higher productions of tritium have been obtained using materials of technical purity as tantalum, Zircaloy 2 and Ti-Zr alloy.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LanzaFtritiumpro.pdf


1304. Lawson, D.R., et al., Use of a coulometric assay technique to study the variables affecting deuterium loading levels within palladium electrodes. Electrochim. Acta, 1991. 36: p. 1515.

First Author: Lawson, D. R.
All Authors: Lawson, D. R., Tierney, M. J., Cheng, I. F., Van Dyke, L. S., Espenscheid, M. W., Martin, C. R.
Keywords: loading, Pd, method


1305. Lee, K.P., et al., Cold Fusion. Anal. Sci. & Technol., 1991. 4(1): p. 103 (in Korean).

First Author: Lee, K. P.
All Authors: Lee, K. P., Kim, S. W., Choi, K. U., Hwang, S. T.
Keywords: Review


1306. Lewenstein, B.V., Preserving data about the knowledge creation process. Developing an archive on the cold fusion controversy. Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 1991. 13: p. 79.

First Author: Lewenstein, B. V.
All Authors: Lewenstein, B. V.
Keywords: history, bibliography


1307. Lewenstein, B.V. and W. Baur, A cold fusion chronology. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1991. 152: p. 273.

First Author: Lewenstein, B. V.
All Authors: Lewenstein, B. V., Baur, W.
Keywords: history, review


1308. Lewis, D., Some regularities and coincidences in thermal, electrochemical and radiation phenomena observed in experiments at Studsvik on the Fleischmann-Pons effect. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 316: p. 353.

First Author: Lewis, D.
All Authors: Lewis, D.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, D2O


1309. Li, X.Z. Chinese Effort in Understanding the "Cold Fusion" Phenomena. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z.
Keywords: review, China, ICCF-2

Review on cold fusion research in China in the past two years is presented with the emphasis on the experiments after the first national symposium on cold fusion ( May 10, 1990. Beijing ). There were three phases: hot, quiet, and deep-going phases. Hot phase is characterized by failures in experiments in repetition and is restrained in thinking by the conventional ideas. Quiet phase started with different approaches and newly-designed experiments. Deep-going phase encourages the scientist to be respectful to the facts and creative in mind. Three anomalies in deuterium / solid system may exist.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=324


1310. Liaw, B.Y., P.L. Tao, and B.E. Liebert. Recent Progress on Cold Fusion Research Using Molten Salt Techniques. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Liaw, B. Y.
All Authors: Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Liebert, B. E.
Keywords: Pd, molten salt, helium Fused Salt ICCF-2

A novel elevated-temperature molten salt technique has been demonstrated for generating high-level excess heat. More than 4 MJ mol^-1 D2 of excess heat, at least 600% over the input power, was measured in two incidents using a torched Pd anode and an AI alloy cathode in a eutectic LiCI-KCI mixture saturated with
excess liD above 350C. No thermochemical explanation can account for this excess heat. Measurements on the hydrogen-based system showed the expected endothermic behavior.

The Pd samples were later examined for their morphology and for helium analysis. A porous microstructure of the samples was found. The electrolysis and deuteriding processes changed the morphology substantially. Enhancement of aparticles in the deuterided sample was detected, while the hydrided sample showed an opposite effect. The amount of the alpha-particles in the sample, however, was not commensurate with the measured excess heat.

Reproducibility of the experiments has been poor to date.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=70


1311. Liaw, B.Y., et al., Elevated-temperature excess heat production in a Pd + D system. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 319: p. 161.

First Author: Liaw, B. Y.
All Authors: Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Turner, P., Liebert, B. E.
Keywords: molten salt, Pd, heat+, 4He, surface analysis Fused Salt


1312. Linford, R.K., Remarks of Rulon K. Linford. J. Fusion Energy, 1991. 10(1): p. 121.

First Author: Linford, R. K.
All Authors: Linford, R. K.
Keywords: history


1313. Lipson, A.G., V.A. Kuznetsov, and B.V. Deryagin, Scenarios of 'cold nuclear fusion' by concentration of elastic energy in crystals. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1991. 318(3): p. 636 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Kuznetsov, V. A., Deryagin, B. V.
Keywords: fractofusion, theory


1314. Lipson, A.G., et al., Reproducible neutron emission by the combined effect of cavitation and electrolysis at the surface of a titanium cathode in electrolyte based on heavy water. Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 1991. 17(21): p. 33 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Deryagin, B. V., Kudryavtsev, V. N., Toporov, Yu. P., Klyuev, V. A., Kolobov, M. A., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: Ti, ultrasonic, electrolysis, neutron


1315. Lipson, A.G., et al., The possibility of 'cold nuclear fusion' in deuterated ceramic YBa2Cu3O(7-x) in the superconducting state. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1991. 321(5): p. 958 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Toporov, Yu. P., Gromov, V. V., Deryagin, B. V.
Keywords: superconductor, neutron, D2


1316. Lobanov, V.V., et al., Studies of neutron emission from TiFe alloy loaded with deuterium at room temperature. Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 1991. 17(23): p. 22 (in Russian).

First Author: Lobanov, V. V.
All Authors: Lobanov, V. V., Zetkin, A. S., Kagan, G. E., Demin, V. E., Mil'man, I. I., Syurdo, A. I.
Keywords: Ti-Fe, D2, neutron


1317. Lowther, J.E., Hot spots in palladium hydride and cold fusion. Suid-Afrik. Tydskr. Wetenskap, 1991. 87: p. 17.

First Author: Lowther, J. E.
All Authors: Lowther, J. E.
Keywords: theory, hot spots


1318. Mallove, E., Fire From Ice. 1991, NY: John Wiley.

First Author: Mallove, E.
All Authors: Mallove, E.
Keywords: history, book

Here is the Preface and Prologue to the book Fire From Ice: Searching for the Truth Behind the Cold Fusion Furor by Eugene F. Mallove, a reprint of 1991 Edition, 338 pp., Paperback. It is available from Infinite Energy Press, P.O. box 2816, Concord, NH 03302-2816, www.infinite-energy.com

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEfirefromic.pdf


1319. Mallove, E., Classic Nasty, Incompetent, and Stupid Statements About Cold Fusion. 1991.

First Author: Mallove, E.
All Authors: Mallove, E.
Keywords: History

Compiled from the Bad Mouthings of the Ignorant, Misinformed, and Arrogant Circa 1989 - 1991

A Public Service by Dr. Eugene F. Mallove

(Compiled from Fire from Ice and other sources.)

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEclassicnas.pdf


1320. Martin, S.E., Using expert sources in breaking science stories: A comparison of magazine types. Journalism Quarterly, 1991. 68: p. 179.

First Author: Martin, S. E.
All Authors: Martin, S. E.
Keywords: history


1321. Martynov, M.I., A.I. Mel'dianov, and A.M. Chepovskii, Experiments on the detection of nuclear reaction products in deuterated metals. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Termoyader Sintez, 1991(2): p. 77 (in Russian).

First Author: Martynov, M. I.
All Authors: Martynov, M. I., Mel'dianov, A. I., Chepovskii, A. M.
Keywords: neutron, gamma emission, particle emission, electrolysis, ion bombardment, Titanium


1322. Mathur, M.S., et al. Recent Modifications to the Manitoba Deuterium Implantation Accelerator and a Study of the Properties of the Online Neutron Monitor Detector. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Mathur, M. S.
All Authors: Mathur, M. S., Johnston, H. L., Mirzai, A., McCkee, J. S. C., Smith, G. R., Durocher, J. J. G., Furutani, K., Mayer, J. K., Yeo, Y. H., Hnatiuk, H., King, S., Hempel, A., Sharma, K. S., Williams, G.
Keywords: Pd, D2, ion implantation, method, ICCF-2

Deuterium molecules have been implanted into Palladium, Titanium and Indium targets in recent experiments at Manitoba by means of the 60 keV, 100 muA D2+ 'Narodny' ion accelerator. Neutrons from D-D interactions involving beam particles with previously stopped D atoms were detected by a large plastic scintillator viewed by two Photomultiplier tubes. We describe recent modifications to the accelerator made to improve the quality of the implanting beam, and some of the properties of the neutron detector used.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=298


1323. Matsumoto, T., Observation of quad-neutrons and gravity decay during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2125.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: quadneutron, film, iton


1324. Matsumoto, T., Microscopic observations of palladium used for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 567.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Pd, Nattoh, surface, analysis, H2O, D2O


1325. Matsumoto, T. and K. Kurokawa, Observation of heavy elements produced during explosive cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 323.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T., Kurokawa, K.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, Helium surface analysis


1326. Mayer, F.J., Comments on 'Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 511.

First Author: Mayer, F. J.
All Authors: Mayer, F. J.
Keywords: critique, Mills, theory


1327. Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz. Summary of Progress in Hydron Physics. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Mayer, F. J.
All Authors: Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R.
Keywords: theory, review, hydron, ICCF-2

Electromagnetic scattering resonances in the e-p+, e-d+, e-t+ systems produce short-lived, charge-neutral, particles called hydrons. These particles provide the screening of repulsive Coulomb forces so that nuclear
reactions between a hydron nucleus and a reaction partner are possible. Hydron formation, reactions, and applications to anomalous nuclear observations in the laboratory and geophysics are summarized.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=226


1328. Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz, Nuclear energy release in metals. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 552.

First Author: Mayer, F. J.
All Authors: Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R.
Keywords: theory, dineutron


1329. Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz, On very low energy hydrogenic nuclear reactions. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 367.

First Author: Mayer, F. J.
All Authors: Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R.
Keywords: hydron, theory, hydron


1330. McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd System. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: McKubre, M. C. H.
All Authors: McKubre, M. C. H., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Crouch-Baker, S., Passell, T. O., Santucci, J.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, method, Current Density, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-2

INTRODUCTION

An experimental program was undertaken to explore the central idea proposed by Fleischmann et al. that heat, and possibly nuclear products, could be created in palladium lattices under electrolytic conditions.
Three types of experiments were performed to determine the factors that control the extent of D loading in the Pd lattice, and to search for unusual calorimetric and nuclear effects. It is the purpose of this communication to discuss observations of heat output observed calorimetrically in excess of known sources of input heat. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHisothermal.pdf


1331. McNeil, J.A. Relativistic Hyperfine Interaction and the Spence-Vary Resonance. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: McNeil, J. A.
All Authors: McNeil, J. A.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-2, resonance

Spence and Vary have reported a resonance in calculations of positronium and hydrogen in the "axion" (0-) channel. The energy and lifetime of the positronium resonances have led these authors to suggest this new state as an explanation for the anomalous e+ e- peaks seen at GSI^3 . They and others speculate that similar states in hydrogen may explain anomalous nuclear reactions reported in metal lattices at low temperatures ( "cold fusion" ).

Spence and Vary calculate the Bethe-Salpeter four-leg amplitude using a Blankenbechler-Sugar reduction. They use single photon exchange in Coulomb gauge for the kernel of their equations. Their results seem to depend critically on the use of this gauge. Attempts by others to reproduce their result in Feynman gauge have not been successful. The starting point in either calculation is gauge invariant so the reduction formalism must introduce spurious gauge dependence. Whether the results of Spence and Vary are spurious is not known at this time. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=232


1332. Mendes, R.V., Ergodic motion and near collisions in a Coulomb system. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1991. 5: p. 1179.

First Author: Mendes, R. V.
All Authors: Mendes, R. V.
Keywords: theory, cluster


1333. Mengoli, G., et al. Tritium and Neutron Emission in Conventional and Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis of D2O at Pd and Ti Cathodes. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Mengoli, G.
All Authors: Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Riccardi, L., Buffa, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O neutron, tritium, titanium ICCF-2

We recently found that the level of 3H in D2O / 0.1 M LiOD solutions electrolyzed at Pd sheet cathodes increased, although sporadically 20%), till a order of magnitude over background, we indeed used D2O with very low background.

The surface of a Pd sheet cathode ( 1 x 1 x 0 .05 cm3) which gave apparent generation of 3H had developed localized swelling with deep pitting undemeath; if this phenomenon was relating with 3H, the latter was likely formed by means of a near-surface process, which might be easier to reproduce if electrodes of relatively larger dimensions are utilized.

The experimental design adopted for the four conventional electrolytic runs hereafter described was mostly in agreement with the above consideration.

We are also reporting on contact glow discharge electrolyses (CGDE) aimed at inducing critical conditions at/in the metal deuteride cathode.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=80


1334. Mengoli, G., et al., The observation of tritium in the electrolysis of D2O at palladium sheet electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 304: p. 279.

First Author: Mengoli, G.
All Authors: Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Riccardi, L., Veronesi, F., Buffa, A.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, tritium, loading


1335. Menlove, H.O., et al. Low-background Measurements of Neutron Emission from Ti Metal in Pressurized Deuterium Gas. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Menlove, H. O.
All Authors: Menlove, H. O., Paciotti, M. A., Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G.
Keywords: titanium, D2, neutron method ICCF-2

A wide variety of neutron detector systems have been used at various research facilities to search for anomalous neutron emission from deuterated metals. Some of these detector systems are summarized here together with possible sources of spurious signals from electronic noise. During the past two years, we have performed experiments to measure neutron emission from pressurized D2 gas mixed with various forms of titanium metal chips and sponge. Details concerning the neutron detectors, experimental procedures, and results have been reported previously. Our recent experiments have focused on increasing the low-level neutron emission and finding a way to trigger the emission. To improve our detection sensitivity, we have increased the shielding in our counting laboratory, changed to low-background 3He tubes, and set up additional detector systems in deep underground counting stations. This report is an update on this experimental work.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MenloveHOlowbackgro.pdf


1336. Meyerhof, W.E., Statistical Analysis of a 'Cold Fusion' experiment. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1991. 153: p. 391.

First Author: Meyerhof, W. E.
All Authors: Meyerhof, W. E.
Keywords: critique, Yagi


1337. Miles, M., et al. Heat and Helium Production in Cold Fusion Experiments. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Bush, B. F., Ostrom, G. S., Lagowski, J. J.
Keywords: heat+ Helium Pd D2O electrolysis

A critical issue in determining whether or not the cold fusion process exists is the measurement of nuclear products in amounts sufficient to match the excess heat effects. Calorimetric evidence of excess heat up to 27% was measured during the electrolysis of heavy water using palladium cathodes. Effluent gas samples collected during episodes of excess heat production and sent to the University of Texas for analysis by mass spectrometry showed the presence of 4He. Furthermore, the amount of helium detected correlated approximately with the amount of excess heat and was within an order of magnitude of the theoretical estimate of helium production based upon fusion of deuterium to form 4He. Control experimentS performed exactly the same but using H2O + LiOH in place of 020 + LiOD gave no evidence for helium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=378


1338. Mills, R.L. and P. Kneizys, Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 65.

First Author: Mills, R. L.
All Authors: Mills, R. L., Kneizys, P.
Keywords: theory, hydrino, Ni, H2O, heat, Pd, D2O


1339. Miyamoto, S., et al. Measurement of Protons and Observation of the Change of Electrolysis Parameters in the Galvanostatic Electrolysis of the 0.1M-LiOD/D2O Solution. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1991. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Miyamoto, S.
All Authors: Miyamoto, S., Sueki, K., Iwai, H., Fujii, M., Shirakawa, T., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Nakamitsu, Y., Chiba, M., Hirose, T., Nakahara, H.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, particle emission, layer, ICCF-2, electrolysis

In order to confirm the cold fusion phenomenon, measurements of protons in the galvanostatic electrolysis of the 0.1M-LiOD/D2O solution have been carried out. The upper limits of fusion rates was deduced to be 1.3510^-24 fusion/d-d/sec with an assumption of the atomic ratio D/Pd of unity. No charge particles predicted by Takahashi for d-d-d fusions were observed. The Li content of the electrolyte was measured by ICP-AES after the electrolysis and found to be appreciably reduced in the electrolyte; the rest being found mostly in the 0.5%-Pd alumina catalyst used for recombination of D2 and O2 and partly in the Pd cathode.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=261


1340. Mizuno, T., et al., Tritium evolution during cathode polarization of palladium electrode in D2O solution. Denki Kagaku, 1991. 59: p. 798 (in Japanese).

First Author: Mizuno, T.
All Authors: Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Sato, N.
Keywords: tritium, electrolysis, Pd, D2O


1341. Mo, W., et al. Search for Precursor and Charged Particles in "Cold Fusion". in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Mo, W.
All Authors: Mo, W., Liu, Y. S., Zhou, L. Y., Dong, S. Y., Wang, K. L., Wang, S. C., Li, X. Z.
Keywords: Pd, titanium, D2, particle emission ICCF-2

After two years the puzzle of nuclear phenomena in a metal lattice (cold fusion) is still with us. Excess heat, or anomalous neutron emission was the goal being searched in most of the "cold fusion" experiments, however, we switched to search the precursor and the energetic charged particles in stead of excess heat or anomalous neutron emission. In fact, we started the electrolysis cell experiment early in April, 1989; the neutron bursts were detected by BF3 detector, and the tritium was measured by liquid scintillation detector. The sporadic nature of the signals and the difficulties in reproducing these signals forced us to look for a new approach in identifying this anomalous nuclear effect.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=138


1342. Moizhes, B.Y., Formation of a compact D2 molecule in interstitial sites - a possible explanation for cold nuclear fusion. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1991. 17: p. 540.

First Author: Moizhes, B. Ya.
All Authors: Moizhes, B. Ya.
Keywords: theory, structure, D2, dimer, gamma phase


1343. Morrison, D.R.O., Review of cold fusion. Sov. Phys. Usp., 1991. 34: p. 1055.

First Author: Morrison, D. R. O.
All Authors: Morrison, D. R. O.
Keywords: review


1344. Myers, S.M., et al., Superstoichiometry, accelerated diffusion, and nuclear reactions in deuterium-implanted palladium. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1991. 43: p. 9503.

First Author: Myers, S. M.
All Authors: Myers, S. M., Richards, P. M., Follstaedt, D. M., Schirber, J. E.
Keywords: Pd, ion implanation, ion bombardment, neutron, loading, diffusion


1345. NCFI, Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Overview, Executive Summary, Chemistry, Physics, Gas Reactions, Metallurgy. 1991, National Cold Fusion Institute: University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah. p. 391.

First Author: NCFI
All Authors: NCFI
Keywords:

The March 1989 announcement by Pons and Fleischmann stimulated worldwide interest in the cold fusion phenomenon. In Utah the legislature appropriated $5 million to support cold fusion research and development. As cold fusion inquiries continue worldwide, this interim report has been written to document the scientific and legal work that has been funded by the Utah legislature.

This is volume I of the report.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIinvestigat.pdf


1346. NCFI, Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Engineering. 1991, National Cold Fusion Institute: University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah. p. 281.

First Author: NCFI
All Authors: NCFI
Keywords:

The March 1989 announcement by Pons and Fleischmann stimulated worldwide interest in the cold fusion phenomenon. In Utah the legislature appropriated $5 million to support cold fusion research and development. As cold fusion inquiries continue worldwide, this interim report has been written to document the scientific and legal work that has been funded by the Utah legislature.

This is volume II of the report.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIinvestigata.pdf


1347. NCFI, Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Theoretical and Collaborative Studies. 1991, National Cold Fusion Institute: University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah. p. 239.

First Author: NCFI
All Authors: NCFI
Keywords:

The March 1989 announcement by Pons and Fleischmann stimulated worldwide interest in the cold fusion phenomenon. In Utah the legislature appropriated $5 million to support cold fusion research and development. As cold fusion inquiries continue worldwide, this interim report has been written to document the scientific and legal work that has been funded by the Utah legislature.

This is volume III of the report.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIinvestigatb.pdf


1348. Nefedov, V.I., Cold nuclear fusion? Vestnik Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1991(1): p. 49 (in Russian).

First Author: Nefedov, V. I.
All Authors: Nefedov, V. I.
Keywords: review


1349. Nishizawa, K., Neutron measurements in cold fusion. Hoshasen, 1991. 17(1): p. 4 (in Japanese).

First Author: Nishizawa, K.
All Authors: Nishizawa, K.
Keywords: neutron, D2, Pd, gas discharge, ion bombardment


1350. Noninski, V.C. and C.I. Noninski, Determination of the excess energy obtained during the electrolysis of heavy water. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 364.

First Author: Noninski, V. C.
All Authors: Noninski, V. C., Noninski, C. I.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, electrolysis, D2O


1351. Noninski, V.C. and C.I. Noninski, Comments on 'measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having palladium cathodes'. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 579.

First Author: Noninski, V. C.
All Authors: Noninski, V. C., Noninski, C. I.
Keywords: critique, Albagli, heat


1352. Numata, H., et al. Neutron Emission and Surface Observation During a Long-Term Evolution of Deuterium on Pd in 0.1 M LiOD. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Numata, H.
All Authors: Numata, H., Takagi, R., Ohno, I., Kawamura, K., Haruyama, S.
Keywords: Pd, neutron, D2O, metallurgy, energy, overvoltage, ICCF-2, cracks, fractofusion

Long-term electrolysis for well annealed thick Pd rods (9.0 and 21.2 mm diameter) in 0.1 M LiOD have been performed to examine anomalous phenomena; neutron emission and heat bursts. The count rate of neutron (CRN) bunched for 3 h showed no significant increase at low current densities. High CRN appeared a few days later after the current increased to 102.4 mA/cm2 and the temperature was raised to 50C. In two experiments CRN and neutron energy spectrum of 2.45 MeV was reproduced.

Metal a graphic observations showed two faults, blisters, cross slips and holes on Pd surface and a raw of defects in a recrystallized grain. Micro structural changes of Pd electrode during long-term electrolysis is discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=86


1353. Ohmori, T., et al., Ex situ observation of electrochemically hydrogenated palladium using a scanning tunneling microscope. Chem. Lett., 1991. 1991: p. 96.

First Author: Ohmori, T.
All Authors: Ohmori, T., Sakamaki, K., Hashimoto, K., Fujishima, A.
Keywords: loading, Pd, H2O, surface


1354. Olofsson, G., I. Wadsoe, and L. Eberson, Design and testing of a calorimeter for measurements on electrochemical reactions with gas evolution. J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1991. 23: p. 95.

First Author: Olofsson, G.
All Authors: Olofsson, G., Wadsoe, I., Eberson, L.
Keywords: heat, method


1355. Ono, H., et al., Absorption and desorption of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium. Denki Tsushin Daigaku Kiyo, 1991. 4: p. 235 (in Japanese).

First Author: Ono, H.
All Authors: Ono, H., Takahashi, S., Morisaki, H., Yazawa, K.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis, D2O, H2O, neutron, gas discharge, D2


1356. Oyama, N. and O. Hatozaki, Present and future of cold fusion - nuclear fusion induced by electrochemical reaction. Oyo Butsuri, 1991. 60: p. 220 (in Japanese).

First Author: Oyama, N.
All Authors: Oyama, N., Hatozaki, O.
Keywords: review


1357. Palibroda, E. and P. Gluck, Cold nuclear fusion in thin foils of palladium. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1991. 154: p. 153.

First Author: Palibroda, E.
All Authors: Palibroda, E., Gluck, P.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron


1358. Park, R.L., BOOK WORLD The Fizzle in the Fusion, in Washington Post. 1991.

First Author: Park, R. L.
All Authors: Park, R. L.
Keywords: Critique


1359. Pennisi, E., Helium find thaws the cold fusion trail. Sci. News (Washington, DC), 1991. 139(12): p. 177.

First Author: Pennisi, E.
All Authors: Pennisi, E.
Keywords: history


1360. Petrii, O.A., et al., Attempts to detect electrochemical cold nuclear fusion by determining the excess tritium. Sov. Electrochem., 1991. 27: p. 1240.

First Author: Petrii, O. A.
All Authors: Petrii, O. A., Tsirlina, G. A., Simonov, E. F., Safonov, V. A., Lapshina, E. V.
Keywords: tritium, Pd, electrolysis, D2O


1361. Pippard, B., Footnote to History. Nature (London), 1991. 350: p. 29.

First Author: Pippard, B.
All Authors: Pippard, B.
Keywords: history


1362. Pons, S. and M. Fleischmann. The Calorimetry of Electrode Reactions and Measurements of Excess Enthalpy Generation in the Electrolysis of D2O Using Pd-based Cathodes. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Pons, S.
All Authors: Pons, S., Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: heat, method, ICCF-2

In the period since March 1989, there has been much comment and doubt expressed concerning the accuracy of the calorimetric techniques that we adopted to demonstrate the presence of excess enthalpy generation during the electrolysis of D2O solutions at palladium-based 2 electrodes. As it is only the end of the second year of research in this area, it seems appropriate at this point in time to summarize what we have actually done and to comment on the work in progress.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSthecalorim.pdf


1363. Powell, G.L., The Reaction Probability for Exchange of Hydrogen Isotopes on Pd. 1991.

First Author: Powell, G. L.
All Authors: Powell, G. L.
Keywords: exhange, Hydrogen, Deuterium, Tritium, Pd,


1364. Powell, G.L. and J.R. Kirkpatrick, Surface Conductance and Diffusion of H and D in Pd. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1991. 43(9): p. 6968.

First Author: Powell, G. L.
All Authors: Powell, G. L., Kirkpatrick, J. R.
Keywords: Pd, D, H, diffusion


1365. Powell, G.L., J.R. Kirkpatrick, and J.W. Conant, Surface Effects in the Reaction of H and D with Pd-Macroscopic Manifestations. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 867.

First Author: Powell, G. L.
All Authors: Powell, G. L., Kirkpatrick, J. R., Conant, J. W.
Keywords: pressure, Pd, D, H, PdD, PdH, phase Diagram, diffusion


1366. Powell, G.L., et al., Surface and Bulk Effects in the Reaction of H and D with Pd. 1991.

First Author: Powell, G. L.
All Authors: Powell, G. L., Lasser, R., Kirkpatrick, J. R., Conant, J. W.
Keywords: Pd, PdD, diffusion, loading,


1367. Preparata, G. Cold Fusion: What do the Laws of Nature Allow and Forbid? in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory, review, ICCF-2

This talk will not be a summary of the theoretical contributions to this Conference: I think that the individual papers that this book collects can give a much better representation of the work that is now going on in the field than I can possibly attempt to give in a short talk. As a partial excuse I may quote a recent review article of mine, where I try to discuss the most significant theories of cold fusion, and the fact that nothing much new has happened in the last few months. Nor will I discuss cold fusion in the non-equilibrium. conditions prevailing in Titanium, fracto-emission and 'lukewarm' fusion.

I shall rather try to examine first the strange facts of hydrogen incorporation into Palladium, and then I shall discuss the phenomena of cold fusion in relation to those facts. In the light of the known experimental data I will then discuss the general features of what we might call 'possible' and 'impossible' theories of cold fusion, somehow drawing a demarcation line between which theoretical ideas can and cannot explain those observations, given the well established and accepted general laws of condensed matter (Quantum Electro Dynamics, QED) and nuclear physics (Quantum Chromo Dynamics, QCD).

My discussion will follow quite closely a paper recently completed in collaboration with M. Fleischmann and S . Pons.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=468


1368. Preparata, G., Some theories of 'cold' nuclear fusion: a review. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 82.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: review, theory


1369. Preparata, G., A new look at solid-state fractures, particle emission and 'cold' nuclear fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1991. 104: p. 1259.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


1370. Qin, G., et al., Evolution of hydrogen (deuterium) in palladium-hydrogen (deuterium) system and the distribution of hydrogen near the surface. Wuli Xuebao, 1991. 40(6): p. 943 (in Chinese).

First Author: Qin, G.
All Authors: Qin, G., Peng, Q., Fu, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, B.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, x-ray diffraction, lattice parameter, H2O


1371. Qiu, W., Q. Dong, and F. Gan, Positron lifetime studies on systems of palladium filled galvanostatically with hydrogen or deuterium. Nucl. Sci. Tech., 1991. 2(3): p. 157.

First Author: Qiu, W.
All Authors: Qiu, W., Dong, Q., Gan, F.
Keywords: theory, position annihilation


1372. Quick, J.E., et al., Tritium concentrations in the active Pu'u O'o crater, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: implications for cold fusion in the Earth's interior. Phys. Earth Planet. Interior, 1991. 69: p. 132.

First Author: Quick, J. E.
All Authors: Quick, J. E., Hinkley, T. K., Reimer, G. M., Hedge, C. E.
Keywords: tritium, volcano


1373. Rafelski, H.E., et al., Cold fusion: muon-catalyzed fusion. J. Phys. B, 1991. 24: p. 1469.

First Author: Rafelski, H. E.
All Authors: Rafelski, H. E., Harley, D., Shin, G. R., Rafelski, J.
Keywords: review, muon


1374. Rajan, K.G., et al., Electromigration approach to verify cold fusion effects. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 100.

First Author: Rajan, K. G.
All Authors: Rajan, K. G., Mudali, U. K., Dayal, R. K., Rodriguez, P.
Keywords: electromigration, titanium, neutron, tritium, film


1375. Rees, L.B., Cold Fusion: What Do We Know? What Do We Think? J. Fusion Energy, 1991. 10(1): p. 111.

First Author: Rees, L. B.
All Authors: Rees, L. B.
Keywords: muon, tritium, history, theory, critique


1376. Ricco, G., et al. A Large Solid Angle MultiParameter Neutron Detector. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Ricco, G.
All Authors: Ricco, G., Anghinolfi, M., Corvisiero, P., Prati, P., Taiuti, M., Boragno, C., Eggenhoffner, R., Valbusa, U.
Keywords: neutron, apparatus, method, ICCF-2

We present the results of recent measurements, performed in general with a novel neutron detector, on some titanium-deuterium systems. In spite of the good detector sensitivity, better of the one claimed by Jones and co-workers, no neutron emission was found.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=270


1377. Rieker, A., et al., Potential error sources in combined electrochemistry/neutron detection experiments. Z. Naturforsch. A, 1991. 46B: p. 1125.

First Author: Rieker, A.
All Authors: Rieker, A., Speiser, B., Mangold, K. M., Hanack, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd D2O neutron, gamma emission


1378. Ritley, K.A., et al., A search for tritium production in electrolytically deuterided palladium. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19(1): p. 192.

First Author: Ritley, K. A.
All Authors: Ritley, K. A., Lynn, K. G., Dull, P. M., Weber, M. H., Carroll, M., Hurst, J. J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O, tritium, Helium


1379. Rolison, D.R. and W.E. O'Grady, Observation of elemental anomalies at the surface of palladium after electrochemical loading of deuterium or hydrogen. Anal. Chem., 1991. 63: p. 1697.

First Author: Rolison, D. R.
All Authors: Rolison, D. R., O'Grady, W. E.
Keywords: Pd, surface analysis, transmutation, electrolysis


1380. Rosamilia, J.M., J.A. Abys, and B. Miller, Electrochemical hydrogen insertion into palladium and palladium-nickel thin films. Electrochim. Acta, 1991. 36: p. 1203.

First Author: Rosamilia, J. M.
All Authors: Rosamilia, J. M., Abys, J. A., Miller, B.
Keywords: loading, Pd, Pd-Ni


1381. Rotegard, D., Fusion, cold fusion, and space policy. Space Power, 1991. 10: p. 205.

First Author: Rotegard, D.
All Authors: Rotegard, D.
Keywords: history


1382. Rout, R.K., et al., Copious low energy emissions from palladium loaded with hydrogen or deuterium. Indian J. Technol., 1991. 29: p. 571.

First Author: Rout, R. K.
All Authors: Rout, R. K., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Bansal, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2, film, x-ray, electrolysis, autoradiograph, Zr, Hf, Ni-Ti

Palladium samples were loaded with deuterium and hydrogen using plasma focus and other loading techniques. Each sample, loaded so far, was observed to be emitting low energy, low intensity radiations. These radiations have been detected and analyzed by autoradiography and other supporting techniques.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKcopiouslow.pdf


1383. Rout, R.K., et al., Detection of high tritium activity on the central titanium electrode of a plasma focus device. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 391.

First Author: Rout, R. K.
All Authors: Rout, R. K., Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Chitra, V.
Keywords: titanium, tritium, ion bombardment, D2

A 2-kJ Mather plasma focus device is used to deuterate the top end surface (or tip) of its central titanium electrode to investigate the occurrence of anomalous nuclear reactions in the context of the "cold fusion" phenomenon. The tip of the central titanium electrode is found to develop at least a few tens of microcuries of tritium after several plasma focus discharges. Neither the tritium impurity level in the deuterium gas used in the experiment nor the tritium branch of the d-d reactions that are known to occur in plasma focus devices can account for such activity in the electrode. Anomalous nuclear reactions in the deuterated titanium lattice appear to be the most probable source of this high activity.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKdetectiono.pdf


1384. Rugari, S.L., et al., Upper limits on emission of neutrons from Ti in pressurized D2 gas cells: A test of evidence for 'cold fusion'. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1991. 43: p. 1298.

First Author: Rugari, S. L.
All Authors: Rugari, S. L., France, R. H., Lund, B. J., Smolen, S. D., Zhao, Z., Gai, M., Lynn, K. G.
Keywords: D2, titanium, Ti-Pd, neutron


1385. Russell, J.L., Virtual electron capture in deuterium. Ann. Nucl. Energy, 1991. 18: p. 75.

First Author: Russell, J. L.
All Authors: Russell, J. L.
Keywords: theory, dineutron


1386. Russell, J.L., Proposed heat producing nuclear reaction for cold fusion. Ann. Nucl. Energy, 1991. 18: p. 305.

First Author: Russell, J. L.
All Authors: Russell, J. L.
Keywords: theory


1387. Saito, N., et al., Measurement of neutrons from cold fusion. Hoshasen, 1991. 17(1): p. 31 (in Japanese).

First Author: Saito, N.
All Authors: Saito, N., Sakuta, K., Sawata, S., Tanimoto, M., Takata, N.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, D2, electrolysis


1388. Salvarezza, R.C., et al., Electrochemical study of hydrogen absorption in polycrystalline palladium. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1991. 313: p. 291.

First Author: Salvarezza, R. C.
All Authors: Salvarezza, R. C., Montemayor, M. C., Fatas, E., Arvia, A. J.
Keywords: loading, Pd, H2O, electrolysis, overvoltage


1389. Sannikov, V.I., et al., Emission of neutrons and gamma-quanta from a titanium electrode polarised by a current in the gas phase over LiD. Rasplavy, 1991(4): p. 86 (in Russian).

First Author: Sannikov, V.I .
All Authors: Sannikov, V.I ., Gorodetskii, V. G., Sulimov, E. M., Polosukhin, B. G., Kudyakov, V. Ya.
Keywords: titanium, D2, LiD, gas discharge, gamma emission, neutron


1390. Sato, T., et al., Detection of neutrons in electrolysis of heavy water. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 357.

First Author: Sato, T.
All Authors: Sato, T., Okamoto, M., Kim, P., Fujii, Y., Aizawa, O.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron


1391. Scalia, A. and P. Figuera. The Cross Section Factor for the Reactions 2H(d,p)3H + 2H(d,n) 3He at Very Low Temperature. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Scalia, A.
All Authors: Scalia, A., Figuera, P.
Keywords: cross section, fusion, energy, low energy, ICCF-2, tritium, neutron, d-p

A determined value of the fusion cross section sigma-f can be obtained by using the Rutherford differential cross section sigma-R . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=250


1392. Scaramuzzi, F. Survey of Gas Loading Experiments. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Scaramuzzi, F.
All Authors: Scaramuzzi, F.
Keywords: review loading, D2, Pd, titanium YBCO ICCF-2

Why Gas Loading?

In March 1989 the results of two experiments, claiming for nuclear reactions taking place, at room temperature, in metal lattices (Pd and Ti) charged with deuterium, were presented. In both cases the technique chosen for charging the metals with deuterium consisted in using an electrolytic cell, containing
heavy water, in which the cathodes were made out of Pd or Ti . . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=460


1393. Schlapbach, L. Hydrogen and Its Isotopes in and on Metals. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Schlapbach, L.
All Authors: Schlapbach, L.
Keywords: Pd, LaNi5, density of states, diffusion, H, surface analysis, ICCF-2

A summary description is given of phenomena related to the surface adsorption and bulk absorption of hydrogen and of its isotopes by a metallic host. Thermodynamic and surface properties, electronic and crystal structure and diffusion are illustrated for the examples of the hydride formation of Pd and of LaNis as typical examples of hydride forming elemental metals and intermetallic compounds.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=424


1394. Schwinger, J., Cold fusion: Does it have a future? Evol. Trends Phys. Sci., Proc. Yoshio Nishina Centen. Symp., Tokyo 1990, 1991. 57: p. 171.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: history, review

Abstract. The case against the reality of cold fusion is outlined. It is based on preconceptions inherited from experience with hot fusion. That cold fusion refers to a different regime is emphasized. The new regime is characterized by intermittency in the production of excess heat, tritium and neutrons. A scenario is sketched, based upon the hypothesis that small segments of the lattice can absorb released nuclear energy.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchwingerJcoldfusiona.pdf


1395. Schwinger, J., Nuclear energy in an atomic lattice. Prog. Theor. Phys., 1991. 85: p. 711.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: theory, critique


1396. Searson, P.C., Hydrogen evolution and entry in palladium at high current density. Acta metall. Mater., 1991. 39: p. 2519.

First Author: Searson, P. C.
All Authors: Searson, P. C.
Keywords: diffusion, PdH, loading, Pd


1397. Seeliger, D., Theoretical limits of nuclear fusion in condensed matter. Acta Phys. Hung., 1991. 69: p. 257.

First Author: Seeliger, D.
All Authors: Seeliger, D.
Keywords: theory


1398. Seeliger, D., et al. Evidence of Neutron Emission From a Titanium Deuterium System. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Seeliger, D.
All Authors: Seeliger, D., Bittner, M., Meister, A., Schwierz, R., Streil, T.
Keywords: neutron, titanium, D2 ICCF-2

Recently, a considerable number of experimental investigations have been carried out in different laboratories to determine, whether a possible catalysis of deuterium-deuterium fusion processes in condensed matter takes place or not. In some papers evidence was found for a week neutron production, similar as it was announced by Jones et al. for the electrolysis of heavy water using Titanium cathodes. Somewhat later the observation of neutron admission during the absorption of Deuterium gas in Titanium and other metals was announced, too.

The present paper describes experiments aimed at the replication of the results obtained in [2, 3] for charging of Titanium with deuterons from the gas phase.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=190


1399. Seeliger, D. and A. Meister, A simple plasma model for the description of d-d fusion in condensed matter. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2114.

First Author: Seeliger, D.
All Authors: Seeliger, D., Meister, A.
Keywords: theory


1400. Seifritz, W., No end to cold fusion (Kalte Fusion und kein Ende). GIT Fachz. Lab., 1991. 35: p. 114 (in German).

First Author: Seifritz, W.
All Authors: Seifritz, W.
Keywords: theory


1401. Sevilla, J., et al., Some characteristics of titanium and palladium samples used in cold fusion experiments. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 188.

First Author: Sevilla, J.
All Authors: Sevilla, J., Fernandez, F., Escarpizo, B., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: surface analysis, titanium, electrolysis, D2, pressure, Pd, T/n


1402. Shaheen, M., et al. Anomalous Deuteron to Hydrogen Ratio in Oklo Samples and Possibility of Deuteron Disintegration. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Shaheen, M.
All Authors: Shaheen, M., Ragheb, M., Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Kelly, J.
Keywords: H/D, Oklo, ICCF-2, natural reactor

A hypothesis is presented to explain the anomalous D/H ratio observed in samples from the site of the naturally occurring fission reaction at Oklo . The experimentally observed D/H ratio of 127 ppm exceeds the naturally occurring value of 150 ppm. Further , using a multicomponent system consisting of hydrogen , deuterium , tritium and helium nuclei to model the Oklo reaction phenomenon and assuming a thermal fission process term , we calculate a D/H rat io of 445 ppm in the presence of the thermal neutron fluence
attributed to Oklo. However, solving the same rate equations with a deuterium sink term to represent the
hypothes is of deuteron disintegration , we find a deuteron disintegration constant of 7.47 x 10^-14 s^-1 yields the observed D/H ratio . Indeed , deuteron disintegration would provide a neutron source (in addition to the fission neutrons ) that could have driven the Oklo system as a subcritical (vs . a critical) reactor over the extended period attributed to it .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=236


1403. Shen, G., et al., The efficiency calculation of a low background neutron detection system. Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), 1991. 25: p. 93 (in Chinese).

First Author: Shen, G.
All Authors: Shen, G., Li, S., Jing, W., Sui, Q., Li, Z., Yang, Z.
Keywords: neutron, method


1404. Shirai, O., et al., Some experimental results relating to cold nuclear fusion. Bull. Inst. Chem. Res., Kyoto Univ., 1991. 69: p. 550.

First Author: Shirai, O.
All Authors: Shirai, O., Kihara, S., Sohrin, Y., Matsui, M.
Keywords: co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, heat+, gamma emission


1405. Shoulders, K.R., Patents. 1991: US Patent 5,018,180 (1991); 5,054,046 (1991); 5,054,047 (1991); 5,123,039 (1992) and 5,148,461 (1992).

First Author: Shoulders, K. R.
All Authors: Shoulders, K. R.
Keywords: charge cluster patent,


1406. Shunjin, W., Effect of Coulomb screening on deuterium-deuterium fusion cross section. Gaoneng Wuli Yu Hewuli, 1991. 15(8): p. 761 (in Chinese).

First Author: Shunjin, W.
All Authors: Shunjin, W.
Keywords: theory, Gamow


1407. SIF. The Science of Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: SIF
All Authors: SIF
Keywords:

Proceedings of The Second International Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF-2)

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf


1408. Sjland, K.A., P. Kristiansson, and K.G.J. Westergard. Liquid Scintillator Detection and Multiparameter Data Acquisition for Neutron Detection in Cold Fusion Experiments. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Sjland, K. A.
All Authors: Sjland, K. A., Kristiansson, P., Westergard, K. G. J.
Keywords: neutron, method, ICCF-2

We have designed a low level neutron detector for cold fusion expcrimenu with tilanium and deuterium gas. The basic principle of the system is to monitor as many relevant parameters as possible and store them event-by-event and analyze the data afterwards. The result of the experiment was that no significant excess of neutrons was observed. We also discussed the cosmic radiation that may influence low level measurements of neutrons.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=276


1409. Srinivasan, M., Nuclear fusion in an atomic lattice: An update on the international status of cold fusion research. Curr. Sci., 1991. 60: p. 417.

First Author: Srinivasan, M.
All Authors: Srinivasan, M.
Keywords: review

It is now two years since the first reports of the occurrence of nuclear reactions at ambient temperatures in deuterated metals such as Pd or Ti were published. Cold fusion', as this phenomenon has now come to be known, has, however, become embroiled in intense controversy with the scientific community becoming sharply polarized into believers' and non-believers' of this novel phenomenon. This ambivalence is primarily because of the non-reproducibility of the claimed results by many reputed research groups that have often used sophisticated experimental equipment. However, as the present review clearly shows, a large number of laboratories in many different countries have now obtained very reliable experimental evidence confirming the generation of 2.45-MeV neutrons, tritium, charged particles, X-rays, etc., both in electrolysis experiments and in a variety of other D2 -/plasma-/ion-beam-loading experiments, thereby confirming the nuclear origin of the phenomenon. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasannuclearfus.pdf


1410. Stoppini, G., Coulomb screening in superconducting PdH. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1991. 13D: p. 1181.

First Author: Stoppini, G.
All Authors: Stoppini, G.
Keywords: theory, superconductivity


1411. Storms, E., Review of experimental observations about the cold fusion effect. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 433.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: review

The experimental literature describing the cold fusion phenomenon is reviewed. The number and variety of careful experimental measurements of heat, tritium, neutron, and helium production strongly support the occurrence of nuclear reactions in a metal lattice near room temperature as proposed by Pons and Fleischmann and independently by Jones.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEreviewofex.pdf


1412. Storms, E. and C. Talcott-Storms, The effect of hydriding on the physical structure of palladium and on the release of contained tritium. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 246.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E., Talcott-Storms, C.
Keywords: Pd, loading, tritium, electrolysis, Pd

The behavior of tritium released from a contaminated, palladium cathode has been determined and compared to the pattern found in cells claimed to produce tritium by a cold fusion reaction.

Void space is produced in palladium when it is subjected to hydrogen adsorption and desorption cycles. This void space can produce channels through which hydrogen can be lost from the cathode, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration. This effect is influenced, in part, by impurities, the shape of the electrode, the charging rate, the achieved concentration of hydrogen and the length of time the maximum concentration is present.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEtheeffecto.pdf


1413. Switendick, A.C., Electronic structure and stability of palladium hydrogen (deuterium) systems, PdH(D)n, 1*n*3. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 1363.

First Author: Switendick, A. C.
All Authors: Switendick, A. C.
Keywords: theory, structure, PdD2, PdD3


1414. Szpak, S., et al., Electrochemical charging of Pd rods. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 309: p. 273.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Gabriel, C. J., Smith, J. J., Nowak, R. J.
Keywords: Pd, loading, electrolysis, OCV, diffusion

This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in:

Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research.

Abstract: A model describing the electrochemical charging of Pd rods is presented. The essential feature of this model is the coupling of the interfacial processes with the transport of interstitials in the electrode interior. It is shown that boundary conditions arise from the solution of equations governing the elementary adsorption-desorption and adsorption-absorption steps and the symmetry of the electrode. Effects of the choice of rate constants of the elementary steps and the charging current on the surface coverage, the electrode potential and the time required to complete electrode charging are examined.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSelectroche.pdf


1415. Szpak, S., P.A. Mosier-Boss, and J.J. Smith. Reliable Procedure for the Initiation of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, tritium, co-deposition, ICCF-2, electrolysis

This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in:

Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research.

Statistics on the initiation of the Fleischmann-Pons effect are rather poor. Reports presented at the First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion have indicated that, at best, only ca 1/10 of all attempts were successful in either producing excess enthalpy or yielding products associated with nuclear reactions. Here, we show that the Fleischmann-Pons effect can be reproducibly and rapidly initiated by employing electrodes prepared by electrodeposition from Pd2+ salts in the presence of evolving deuterium. The effectiveness of this procedure is examined in terms of tritium production.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSreliablepr.pdf


1416. Szpak, S., P.A. Mosier-Boss, and J.J. Smith, On the behavior of Pd deposited in the presence of evolving deuterium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 302: p. 255.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J.
Keywords: co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, heat+, film

This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in:

Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research.

ABSTRACT

Recently, Fleischmann et al. [1] reported that nuclear events can occur when deuterium is electrochemically compressed within the Pd-lattice. These events were reported to produce excess enthalpy, tritium, and neutrons. The exact nature of these events and the conditions leading to their initiation are poorly understood. In fact, the existence of such events is questioned by many [2]. The present position among those investigating this problem [3] is as follows: enthalpy production is a non-steady state process whose rate depends on the nature of the electrode material; however, the observed steady state production arises from an averaging of small perturbations. Nuclear events are believed to occur on the electrode surface as well as within the electrode interior.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSonthebehav.pdf


1417. Tachikawa, E., Outline of room temperature nuclear fusion. Genshiryoku Kogyo, 1991. 37(4): p. 11 (in Japanese).

First Author: Tachikawa, E.
All Authors: Tachikawa, E.
Keywords: review


1418. Takagi, R., et al., Neutron emission during a long-term electrolysis of heavy water. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2135.

First Author: Takagi, R.
All Authors: Takagi, R., H., Numata., Ohno, I., Kawamura, K., Haruyama, S.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron, OCV


1419. Takagi, R., et al., Neutron Emission During a Long-Term Electrolysis of Heavy Water. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 2135.

First Author: Takagi, R.
All Authors: Takagi, R., Numata, H., Ohno, I., Kawamura, K., Haruyama, S.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron


1420. Takahashi, A., et al., Windows of cold nuclear fusion and pulsed electrolysis experiments. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 380.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A., Iida, T., Maekawa, F., Sugimoto, H., Yoshida, S.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, D2O, theory, energy


1421. Takahashi, A., et al. Neutron Spectra and Controllability by PdD/electrolysis Cell With Low-High Current Pulse Operation. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A., Iida, T., Takeuchi, T., Mega, A., Yoshida, S., Watanabe, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, pulse, T/n, electrolysis, ICCF-2

Neutron spectra with two components (2. 45 and 3-7 MeV) have been repeatedly observed by pu lse electro lysis of D 20-Pd cel l. Tr itium product ion with (Tin) rat io 105 was also co nfirmed with low-high current operat ion. These results are consistently explained with the products and byproducts in competing process of d-d and d-d-d fusions in PdD lattice.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=108


1422. Takeda, T., Theory of room temperature nuclear fusion. Genshiryoku Kogyo, 1991. 37(4): p. 40 (in Japanese).

First Author: Takeda, T.
All Authors: Takeda, T.
Keywords: review


1423. Tateno, H. and Y. Iwashita, An attempt to observe nuclear fusion in titanium by internal friction. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Suppl., 1991. 30: p. 41.

First Author: Tateno, H.
All Authors: Tateno, H., Iwashita, Y.
Keywords: titanium, internal friction, D2, H2


1424. Taylor, C.A., Defining the scientific community: A rhetorical perspective on demarcation. Commun. Monogr., 1991. 58: p. 402.

First Author: Taylor, C. A.
All Authors: Taylor, C. A.
Keywords: history


1425. Tazima, K.L., et al. Time-Correlated Neutron Detection From Deuterium Loaded Palladium. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Tazima, K. L.
All Authors: Tazima, K. L., Li, X. Z., Dong, S. Y., Wang, S. C., Mo, D. W., Luo, C. M., Lin, Q. R., Wu, X. D., Li, W. Z., Zhu, Y. F., Hou, P. L., Chang, L.
Keywords: Pd, D2, plasma, ion implantation, neutron, ICCF-2

Significant neutron bursts and good time-correlation between two independent neutron detection systems were observed in two kinds of experiments on cold fusion. One employed two palladium rods of 2 mm diameter and 5 cm length, deuterated under 1 atm for 30 days, and plasma discharge was applied as a trigger. The other was palladium shavings of 10 g deuterated under 11 atm for 40 days. The averaged background level was 5-6 counts/dwell time (100 s). In both cases, significant neutron emission of successive bursts of 13-60 counts/100 s were observed for several hours and repeated several times during 2-11 days in some cases.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=172


1426. Terazawa, H., Are Super-Hypernuclei Found in Cosmic Rays? J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 1991. 60: p. 1848.

First Author: Terazawa, H.
All Authors: Terazawa, H.
Keywords: theory, super heavy elements


1427. Thomassen, K.L., Remarks by Keith I. Thomassen. J. Fusion Energy, 1991. 10(1): p. 123.

First Author: Thomassen, K. L.
All Authors: Thomassen, K. L.
Keywords: history


1428. Tom-nek, D., Z. Sun, and S.G. Louie, Ab initio Calculation of Chemisorption Systems: H on Pd(001) and Pd(110). Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1991. 43: p. 4699.

First Author: Tom-nek, D.
All Authors: Tom-nek, D., Sun, Z., Louie, S. G.
Keywords: Density Of States, PdH, bonding, theory


1429. Tomanek, D., Z. Sun, and S.G. Louie, Ab initio Calculation of Chemisorption Systems: H on Pd(001) and Pd(110). Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1991. 43: p. 4699.

First Author: Tomanek, D.
All Authors: Tomanek, D., Sun, Z., Louie, S. G.
Keywords: Density Of States, PdH, bonding, theory


1430. Tsarev, V.A. Current Status of Cold Fusion. in First Int. Sakharov Conf. 1991. Moscow, USSR.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: review, USSR, Russia


1431. Tsarev, V.A. Cold Fusion Studies in the USSR. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: review, USSR, Russia, ICCF-2

The Organizing Committee kindly suggested that I should talk about a state of cold fusion (CF) studies i n the Soviet Union. Offering of a special report dedicated to the soviet scientists works seems to be quite justified, since they are not well known to the western scientific community. Meanwhile, both quantitatively and qualitatively they bring a noticeable contribution to the world "data bank" on this interesting phenomenon. It is even possible that some of these soviet works have been "precursors" of the "cold fusion era". However, inadequate integration of our science with the western one, aggravated by scanty telecommunication media development, has slowed down the process of information exchange on CF not only with outer world, but also in our country . It is sufficient to say that the first Soviet National Conference on CF took place only recently in March of this year (March 22-26, Dubna-Moscow ). Figuratively speaking up to now we have been working behind the scenes and watching the play. Now it is time to raise the curtain.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=334


1432. Tsarev, V.A. and P.I. Golubnichii, Geological manifestations of cold fusion. Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., 1991(3): p. 22.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A., Golubnichii, P. I.
Keywords: geology


1433. Tsarev, V.A. and D.H. Worledge, New results on cold nuclear fusion: a review of the conference on anomalous nuclear effects in deuterium/solid systems, Provo, Utah, October 22-24, 1990. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 484.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A., Worledge, D. H.
Keywords: review


1434. Tsuchiya, K., et al., Interaction between two neighboring deuterium atoms in palladium. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 1371.

First Author: Tsuchiya, K.
All Authors: Tsuchiya, K., Ohashi, Y. H., Ohashi, K., Fukuchi, M.
Keywords: theory, distance, jellium


1435. Turanciol, F. Cold Fusion is Confirmed. in ICENES. 1991.

First Author: Turanciol, F.
All Authors: Turanciol, F.
Keywords: theory?


1436. Uhm, H.S. and W.M. Lee. High Deuterium Concentration in Palladium for Application to Cold Fusion. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Uhm, H. S.
All Authors: Uhm, H. S., Lee, W. M.
Keywords: loading, method, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-2

Based on theoretical calculations, new schemes to increase deuterium density in palladium over its initial value is presented. High deuterium concentration in palladium is needed for application to the solid-state fusion. The first deuterium enrichment scheme makes use of the plasma ion implantation, which consists of a cylindrical palladium rod (target) preloaded with deuterium atoms, coated with diffusion-barrier material and immersed in a deuterium plasma. The second deuterium enrichment scheme makes use of the temperature gradient effects on the deuterium solubility in palladium. A heat source at temperature T2 and a heat sink at temperature T1 (where T2 > T1 ) are in contact with two different parts of a palladium sample, which has been presoaked with deuterium atoms and has been coated with diffusion-barrier material or securely locked in a metal case.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=304


1437. Uhm, H.S. and W.M. Lee, High concentration of deuterium in palladium from plasma ion implantation. Phys. Fluids B, 1991. 3: p. 3188.

First Author: Uhm, H. S.
All Authors: Uhm, H. S., Lee, W. M.
Keywords: ion implantation, method


1438. Vaidya, S.N., On the possibility of coherent deuteron-deuteron fusion in a crystalline Pd-D lattice. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 481.

First Author: Vaidya, S. N.
All Authors: Vaidya, S. N.
Keywords: theory, coherent


1439. Varaksin, A.N., et al., Computer modelling of phase transitions in deuterised palladium (possible mechanism of low-temperature nuclear fusion). Fiz. Metal. Metalloved., 1991(9): p. 30 (in Russian).

First Author: Varaksin, A. N.
All Authors: Varaksin, A. N., Zhivoderov, A. A., Bondarenko, N. B., Shipitsin, V. F.
Keywords: theory, tunnelling


1440. Vielstich, W., et al., Search for neutrons from controlled deuterium concentrations in palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 303: p. 211.

First Author: Vielstich, W.
All Authors: Vielstich, W., Iwasita, T., von Buttlar, H., Farzin, K., Uebelguenn, K.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron


1441. Wang, C., et al. Identification of the Energetic Charged Particles in Gas-Loading Experiment of "Cold Fusion" Using CR-39 Plastic Track Detector. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Wang, C.
All Authors: Wang, C., Kang, T. S., Wang, K. L., Dong, S. Y., Feng, Y., Mo, D. W., Li, X. Z.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, titanium D2 CR-39 ICCF-2

Since observation of "cold fusion" was claimed in 1 989, a great number of experiments have been done for verifying these claims. Most of laboratories were not able to reproduce the observations and among the results of experiments there are obvious inconsistencies. It has been realized that even if the "cold fusion" happened, its signals would be quite weak. Thus for sake of confirming the presence of "cold fusion", it is desirable to use detection techniques which have high collecting power, low background and can stably work for long time. CR-39 plastic track detector is able to work in passive and time-integrated modes and has a number of unique merits in comparison with electronic detectors. In gas-loading experiment, if a piece of CR -39 film is clamped on the surface of a metal foil of Pd or Ti, charged particles emitted by deuterated metal can be collected by the CR-39 foil with 2 pi solid angle. The information on charge, energy, location and direction of the emitted particles can be determined from track parameters. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=184


1442. Wang, K.L., et al. Search for Better Material for Cold Fusion Experiment Using CR-39 Detector. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Wang, K. L.
All Authors: Wang, K. L., Li, X. Z., Dong, S. Y., Wang, S. C., Mo, D. W., Luo, C. M., Lin, Q. R., Wu, X. D., Li, W. Z., Zhu, Y. F., Zhou, P. L., Chang, L.
Keywords: D2, particle emission Pd titanium, CR-39 ICCF-2

It was noticed that most of the "cold fusion" experiments were using palladium or titanium just based on the first set of experiments. However, based on our own experience the results of experiments depend heavily on each material. Even if for the same material, it seems that the performances of the materials from different manufactories are different. For example, the palladium film from Russia produced the greatest density of energetic charged particle tracks. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=178


1443. Weber, S.E., et al., Theory of hydrogen pairing in metals. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 485.

First Author: Weber, S. E.
All Authors: Weber, S. E., Liu, F. S., Khanna, S. N., Rao, B. K., Jena, P.
Keywords: theory, H pairing, PdH2


1444. Welborn, V., The cold fusion story: A case study illustrating the communication and information seeking behavior of scientists. Sci. Technol. Librarian, 1991. Spring: p. 51.

First Author: Welborn, V.
All Authors: Welborn, V.
Keywords: history


1445. White, C.T., et al., D-D (H-H) interactions within the interstices of Pd. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1, 1991. 30: p. 182.

First Author: White, C. T.
All Authors: White, C. T., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Mintmire, J. W.
Keywords: theory, review, critique

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:

Embedded atom, local-density-functional, and Hartree-Fock methods are used to calculate the effective interaction between deuterium (or equivalently within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation hydrogen) nuclei within palladium. No effects were found to suggest that the repulsion between deuterons in gas phase D2 is reduced within the octahedral and tetrahedral interstices of this transition metal.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WhiteCTddhhintera.pdf


1446. Will, F.G., et al. Studies of Electrolytic and Gas Phase Loading of Palladium with Deuterium. in Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, "The Science of Cold Fusion". 1991. Como, Italy: Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy.

First Author: Will, F. G.
All Authors: Will, F. G., Cedzynska, K., Yang, M. C, Peterson, J. R., Bergeson, H. E., Barrowes, S. C., West, W. J., Linton, D. C.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, D, tritium, loading, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-2, heat

Highlights are presented of recent results obtained on deuterium and hydrogen loading of palladium both in electrolytes and in the gas phase. Reproducible tritium generation has been found on palladium cathodes with deuterium loadings approaching one deuterium atom per palladium atom. Tritium generation has been observed on four out of four such highly loaded cathodes. No tritium has been observed in four light water control cells operating simultaneously. Total tritium analysis was performed on all hermetically sealed cells before and after each experiment. Tentative evidence is presented for neutron generation and a single anomalous heat excursion. A novel high-pressure electrochemical cell is also described which employs a fuel cell approach, thereby avoiding oxygen evolution. Two anomalous heat excursions have been observed in this cell with excess power values up to 30%. Gas phase experiments of the Wada-type have been performed on palladium, using electrical discharges to activate the palladium. Neutron bursts up to 280 neutrons in 128 microseconds and tritium enhancements in the palladium of up to 25X background have been observed in the palladium. In both electrolytic and gas phase experiments, the tritium distribution in the palladium wires was found to be non-uniform.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGstudiesofe.pdf


1447. Wu, B., et al., The SEM observation of palladium-deuterium system after the gas discharge process. Gaojishu Tongxun, 1991. 1(9): p. 1 (in Chinese).

First Author: Wu, B.
All Authors: Wu, B., Jin, S., Shang, F., Yao, D., Ding, Y., Yao, J., Yao, P.
Keywords: gas discharge, surface analysis, Pd, D2, CR-39


1448. Xuwu, A., et al., Calorimetric investigation of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. Thermochim. Acta, 1991. 183: p. 107-115.

First Author: Xuwu, A.
All Authors: Xuwu, A., Yan, H., Han, B., Guo, D., Xie, D., Zhu, Q., Hu, R., An, X.
Keywords: heat, D2O, electrolysis


1449. Yamamoto, T., et al., In situ observation of deuteride formation in palladium foil cathode by an x-ray diffraction method. J. Less-Common Met., 1991. 172-174: p. 1381.

First Author: Yamamoto, T.
All Authors: Yamamoto, T., Taniguchi, R., Oka, T., Kawabata, K.
Keywords: electrolysis, OCV, loading, Pd, x-ray diffraction


1450. Yang, J., A new fusion mechanism. Hunan Shifan Daxue Ziran Kexue Xuebao, 1991. 14(2): p. 126 (in Chinese).

First Author: Yang, J.
All Authors: Yang, J.
Keywords: theory


1451. Yoshida, Y., Y. Aradono, and T. Hirabayashi, Verification of room temperature nuclear fusion. 1. Genshiryoku Kogyo, 1991. 37(4): p. 21 (in Japanese).

First Author: Yoshida, Y.
All Authors: Yoshida, Y., Aradono, Y., Hirabayashi, T.
Keywords: review


1452. You, J.H., et al., Interior adsorption, channel collimation, and nuclear fusion in solids. Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., 1991. 43: p. 7293.

First Author: You, J. H.
All Authors: You, J. H., Cheng, F. H., Cheng, F. Z., Huang, F. H.
Keywords: theory, cluster


1453. Yun, K.S., et al., Calorimetric observation of heat production during electrolysis of 0.1 M LiOD + D2O solution. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 306: p. 279.

First Author: Yun, K. S.
All Authors: Yun, K. S., Ju, J. B., Cho, B. W., Cho, W. I., Park, S. Y.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat+


1454. Zakowicz, W., Possible resonant mechanism of cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1991. 19: p. 170.

First Author: Zakowicz, W.
All Authors: Zakowicz, W.
Keywords: theory, resonance


1455. Zelenskii, V.F. and V.F. Rybalko, Studies of neutron emission by mechanical destruction of Ti and Pd samples, saturated with deuterium. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1991. 2(56): p. 46 (In Russian).

First Author: Zelenskii, V. F.
All Authors: Zelenskii, V. F., Rybalko, V. F.
Keywords: titanium, TiD, neutron, fractofusion


1456. Zelenskii, V.F., et al., Preliminary results of the second series of experiments on cold fusion. Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., 1991. 2(56): p. 48 (In Russian).

First Author: Zelenskii, V. F.
All Authors: Zelenskii, V. F., Rybalko, V. F., Morozov, A. N., Pistryak, S. V., Tolstolutskaya, G. D., Kulish, V. G.
Keywords: ion implanatation, Pd, Ti, D2, particle emission


1457. Zhang, J.S., The estimation of the difference between d(n,n)3He and d(d,p)T cross sections in the cold fusion. Commun. Theor. Phys. (China), 1991. 16: p. 439.

First Author: Zhang, J. S.
All Authors: Zhang, J. S.
Keywords: theory


1458. Zhu, R., et al., Measurement of neutron burst production in thermal cycle of D2 absorbed titanium chips. Fusion Technol., 1991. 20: p. 349.

First Author: Zhu, R.
All Authors: Zhu, R., Wang, X., Lu, F., Ding, D., He, J., Liu, H., Jiang, J., Chen, G., Yuan, Y., Yang, L., Chen, Z., Menlove, H. O.
Keywords: titanium, D2, neutron


1459. Zhu, R., et al., Measurement of anomalous neutron from deuterium/solid system. Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), 1991. 25: p. 84 (in Chinese).

First Author: Zhu, R.
All Authors: Zhu, R., Wang, X., Lu, F., Luo, L., He, J., Ding, D., Menlove, H. O.
Keywords: titanium, D2, electrolysis, D2O, neutron


1460. Zywocinski, A., et al., Analysis for light atoms produced in the bulk phase of a tubular palladium/ silver alloy cathode working electrode. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1991. 319: p. 195.

First Author: Zywocinski, A.
All Authors: Zywocinski, A., Li, H. L., Tuinman, A. A., Campbell, P., Chambers, J. Q., Van Hook, W. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd-Ag helium tritium


1461. Adachi, G., H. Sakaguchi, and K. Nagao, (3)He and (4)He from D2 absorbed in LaNi5. J. Alloys and Compounds, 1992. 181: p. 469.

First Author: Adachi, G.
All Authors: Adachi, G., Sakaguchi, H., Nagao, K.
Keywords: Helium LiNi5, D2


1462. Agnello, M., et al. Measurement of 2.5 MeV Neutron Emission from Ti/D and Pd/D Systems. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Agnello, M.
All Authors: Agnello, M., Botta, E., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Gianotti, P., Iazzi, F., Lamberti, C., Minetti, B., Zecchina, A.
Keywords: Ti, Pd, neutron, D2, ICCF-3

A new set of measurements of neutron emission from gas (D2 and H2) loaded Ti and Pd systems has been carried out in the TOFUS experiment. The temperature and pressure controls of the gas loading apparatus were improved. The results concerning the Ti/D system show the presence of a small 2.5 MeV neutron emission, with a signal having a statistical significance of ~ 5 sigma. The results on the Pd/D system doesn't show a statistically significant signal (less ~ 2 sigma).

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=172


1463. Amato, I., Cluster Fusion: Close But No Cigar. Science, 1992. 256(5054): p. 178.

First Author: Amato, I.
All Authors: Amato, I.
Keywords: history


1464. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. "Cold" Fusion in a Complex Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: Pd, Ni, D2, layer, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, H2O ICCF-3

A new cathode was developed, consisting of a nickel ride with a palladium layer applied by plasma spraying, the palladium layer activates the surface functions of the deuteride it cathode. High reproducibility of a "cold" fusion reaction is confirmed by using this cathode.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=180


1465. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Reproducible "Cold" Fusion Reaction Using A Complex Cathode. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 287.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, energy


1466. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, 'Cold' fusion caused by a weak 'on-off effect'. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1992. 66: p. 33.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: on-off effect, electrolysis, Pd, neutron, theory


1467. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, 'Cold' fusion in deuterated complex cathode. Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, 1992. 67((5)): p. 432 (in Japanese).

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: Ni, Pd, electrolysis, heat, layer, D2O, neutron H2O


1468. Barts, B.I., D.B. Barts, and A.A. Grinenko, Theory of nuclear reactions with the participation of slow charged particles in solids. Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. Originally Oin: Yad. Fiz. 55 [1992] 79., 1992. 55: p. 45.

First Author: Barts, B. I.
All Authors: Barts, B. I., Barts, D. B., Grinenko, A. A.
Keywords: theory, screening


1469. Behrisch, R., Comment on: H. Gentsch, DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor, Ber. Bunsenges, Phys. Chem. 95, 1283 [1991]. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1992. 96: p. 733 (in German).

First Author: Behrisch, R.
All Authors: Behrisch, R.
Keywords: neutron, D+, Pd.


1470. Bertalot, L., et al. Study of Deuterium Charging in Palladium by the Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Search for Heat Excess and Nuclear Ashes. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Bertalot, L.
All Authors: Bertalot, L., De Marco, F., De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V., Zeppa, P.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+., electrolysis, oneside electrolysis, ICCF-3, D2

The production of heat excess (HE) in electrolytic cells with heavy water and palladium cathodes is, in cold fusion, the experiment that has had more confirmations, even though still doubts are cast on its nuclear origin. Furthermore, the correlation of HE with some features of the experiment seemed to be well established, the most convincing of which is the threshold of the D/Pd ratio. What is yet not quite clear is how to obtain a high D/Pd ratio, since this feature seems to depend both on the material and on the procedures adopted for the electrolysis. In this paper we will propose a novel approach to this problem, which permits us to correlate HE with other features of the experiment. In particular, we try to study the transport of matter across the palladium lattice during the electrolysis. A model proposed by two of us (ADN and VV), and presented at this Conference, helps to interpret the experimental results, and gives interesting hints for future research.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=106


1471. Bertulani, C.A. and L.F. Canto, Semiclassical calculation of Coulomb break-up of weakly bound nuclei. Nucl. Phys. A, 1992. 539: p. 163.

First Author: Bertulani, C. A.
All Authors: Bertulani, C. A., Canto, L. F.
Keywords: theory


1472. Beuhler, R.J., G. Friedlander, and L. Friedman, Cluster-impact Fusion [Erratum]. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1992. 88: p. 2108.

First Author: Beuhler, R. J.
All Authors: Beuhler, R. J., Friedlander, G., Friedman, L.
Keywords: Cluster Impact


1473. Bishop, J.E., Predictable Heat Source Reported from `Heavy' Water Electrolysis, in Wall Street Journal. 1992: New YorkEditor. p. B12.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1474. Bishop, J.E. and J.M. Schlesinger, Researcher Claims to Replicate Japanese Experiments in `Cold Fusion', in Wall Street Journal. 1992: New YorkEditor. p. B3.

First Author: Bishop, J. E.
All Authors: Bishop, J. E., Schlesinger, J. M.
Keywords: history, newspaper


1475. Bockris, J., et al. Tritium and Helium Production in Palladium Electrodes and the Fugacity of Deuterium Therein. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Chien, C. C., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, tritium, helium, electrolysis, ICCF-3

An account is given of the massive production of tritium at a Pd electrode. Production continued for ~ 750 hours after which time it was arbitrarily curtailed. Production of T was found to cease every few days but could be resuscitated by increasing the overpotential of the electrode reaction. A logarithmic relation between the rate of tritium production and the overpotential of the electrode reaction was established. The Will-Cedzynska method of examining T contamination in specimens has shown that nothing above the background of T was detected if no D2O had been electrolytically evolved on the Pd specimens concerned.

Helium production was found to accompany that of T. The He was analyzed by thermal expulsion and mass spectroscopy. No He3 was found but He4 was measured in nine specimens out of ten examined. Voids were also detected - 1 micron within the electrode. The excess tritium production on Pd co-deposited with deuterium was found.

Cracking and spreading of cracks is shown. An attempt was made to calculate the amount of hydrogen trapped in cracks and to calculate the standard free energy of trapping.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=233


1476. Bockris, J., et al., Cold fusion as a consequence of high fugacity among hydrogen isotopes. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1992. 17: p. 445.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Chien, C. C., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z.
Keywords: theory, fugacity, pressure, OCV


1477. Borbely, L. and P. Doleschall, Nucleon Exchange Effects at Low Bombarding Energies for Deuteron-Neutron Scattering. Phys. Lett. B, 1992. 283: p. 10.

First Author: Borbely, L.
All Authors: Borbely, L., Doleschall, P.
Keywords: theory, d-n


1478. Botta, E., et al., Measurement of 2.5 MeV neutron emission from Ti/D and Pd/D systems. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1992. 105A: p. 1663.

First Author: Botta, E.
All Authors: Botta, E., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Gianotti, P., Lamberti, C., Agnello, M., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Zecchina, A.
Keywords: Ti, Pd, neutron, D2


1479. Bressani, T. and G. Preparata, What Makes a Crystal Stiff Enough for the Mossbauer Effect? Il Nuovo Cimento, Note Brevi, 1992. 14D(3): p. 345-349.

First Author: Bressani, T.
All Authors: Bressani, T., Preparata, G.
Keywords: Mossbauer, theory


1480. Brightsen, R.A. and E. Mallove, Explanation of Cold Fusion Reactions Based on the Nucleon Cluster Model (NCM). 1992.

First Author: Brightsen, R. A.
All Authors: Brightsen, R. A., Mallove, E.
Keywords: theory, cluster


1481. Brillas, E., et al., Product analysis from D2O electrolysis with Pd and Ti cathodes. Electrochim. Acta, 1992. 37(2): p. 215.

First Author: Brillas, E.
All Authors: Brillas, E., Esteve, J., Sardin, G., Casado, J., Domenech, X., Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, Ti, tritium, Li, D2O, H2O, surface analysis, negative


1482. Broad, W.J., U.S. Plans to Hire Russian Scientists in Fusion Research, in New York Times. 1992. p. A1-A4.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: newspaper, history


1483. Bryan, S.R. and J.H. Gibson, Comments on 'Nuclear energy release in metals'. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 95.

First Author: Bryan, S. R.
All Authors: Bryan, S. R., Gibson, J. H.
Keywords: critique, Mayer, theory


1484. Buehler, D.B., Possible Gamma Bursts From Gas Loaded Ti Chips. 1992.

First Author: Buehler, D. B.
All Authors: Buehler, D. B.
Keywords: neutron, Ti, D2


1485. Buehler, D.B., et al. Is Reported "Excess Heat" Due to Nuclear Reactions? in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Buehler, D. B.
All Authors: Buehler, D. B., Hansen, L. D., Jones, S. E., Rees, L. B.
Keywords: heat, method, critique, X-ray, radiation, ICCF-3

A portable X-ray detector has been developed to complement "cold fusion" studies. Our reasoning is that any set of nuclear reactions which produce measurable heat must also produce abundant secondary X-rays. However, at the Nagoya meeting and elsewhere, we found that errors and uncertainties in current experiments prevent unambiguous interpretation of claims of excess-heat generation . Hence, this paper also outlines criteria for establishing calorimeter performance for definitive measurements of "excess heat" in cold-fusion experiments.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=247


1486. Bush, R.T., A light water excess heat reaction suggests that 'cold fusion' may be 'alkali-hydrogen fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 301.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory, H2O, electrolysis, Ni, Rb, K, transmutation


1487. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton. Experimental Studies Supporting the Transmission Resonance Model for Cold Fusion in Light Water: I. Correlation of Isotopic and Elemental Evidence with Excess Heat. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: Ni, H2O, heat+, transmutation, Rb2CO3, electrolysis Radioactivity, ICCF-3

The experimental evidence cited here (Part I) in support of the Bush TRM Model was originally reported by Bush in his paper, "A Light Water Excess Heat Reaction Suggests That 'Cold Fusion' May Be 'Alkali-Hydrogen Fusion.'" Excess heat production in electrolytic light water experiments was experimentally correlated with a shift not only in elemental abundance but also with an isotopic reversal in the case of a light water-based RbzCD3 cell found to produce strontium. Part II reports on more recent work correlating x-ray emissions with excess power for both a heavy water excess heat reaction and a light water excess heat reaction.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=145


1488. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton. Experimental Studies Supporting the Transmission Resonance Model for Cold Fusion in Light Water: II. Correlation of X-Ray Emission With Excess Power. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: heat+, H2O, Ni, x-ray, radiation, ICCF-3

ABSTRACT: Part I presented evidence in support of Bush's TRM Model and, in particular, his hypothesis of "alkali-hydrogen fusion" in a lattice as a prototype for cold fusion with both light and heavy water. In Part II preliminary evidence is presented for x-ray emission accompanying both the heavy and light water excess heat effects in the form of both characteristic x-rays and bremmstrahlung. These studies had the unsatisfactory feature of low signal-to-noise, but the satisfactory features of reasonable statistics and excellent correlation. An interesting feature was that x-ray emission decreased somewhat after a cell was switched off, but then spiked upward to decay exponentially to the background level over a period of days. This emission was apparently associated with the desorption of hydrogen from the cathode. With the cell turned off it was also possible to study xray emission accompanying the thermal desorption of hydrogen by changing the cell temperature and studying x-ray emission as a function of cathode surface temperature. When this effect of x-rays accompanying desorption was factored in, Bush's TRM Model appears to account for the correlation between x-ray emission and excess power.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=149


1489. Bushuev, V.S., et al., Experiments in the recording of nuclear emissions by electrolysis of heavy water. Trud. Ord. Lenin. Ord. Oktyab. Revol. Fiz. Inst. im. P.N. Lebedeva, Ross. Akad. Nauk, 1992. 220: p. 89 (in Russian).

First Author: Bushuev, V. S.
All Authors: Bushuev, V. S., Ginodman, V. B., Zherikhina, L. N., Kuznetsov, S. P., Lapushkin, Yu. A., Matviyenko, I. P., Nikitenko, A. I., Perekrestenko, A. D., Saposhnikov, N. P., Tolokonnikov, S. M., Tskhovrebov, A. M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission, D2O


1490. Cannizzaro, F., et al., Search for neutrons as evidence of cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 86.

First Author: Cannizzaro, F.
All Authors: Cannizzaro, F., Greco, G., Raneli, M., Spitale, M. C., Tomarchio, E.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O


1491. Cedzynska, K. and F.G. Will, Closed-system analysis of tritium in palladium. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 156.

First Author: Cedzynska, K.
All Authors: Cedzynska, K., Will, F. G.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, tritium, method, analysis


1492. Celani, F., et al., Search for enhancement of neutron emission from neutron-irradiated, deuterated, high-temperature superconductors in a very low background environment. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 181.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Liberatori, L., Croce, F., Storelli, L., Fortunati, S., Tului, M., Sparvieri, N.
Keywords: neutron, superconductivity, theory, D2


1493. Celani, F., et al. Measurement of Excess Heat and Tritium During Self-Biased Pulsed Electrolysis of Pd-D2O. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Nuvoli, A.
Keywords: heat+, tritium, Pd, D2O, pulse, ICCF-3, electrolysis

After Takahashi reported large excess heat with pulsed electrolysis, we built a gas-closed flow calorimeter to perform pulsed current electrolysis. Blank tests using Au plate cathodes were carried out to characterize the system. Four cold-worked Pd sheets were tested, and two of them produced 7.5% and 6% mean excess heat for many weeks. The others Pd sheets did not produce excess heat in most tests, although one of them, after deuterium reloading, produced up to 25% excess heat, but only for few hours. Tritium analysis was carried out and some coincidence between tritium production and excess heat was found.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFmeasuremena.pdf


1494. Cerofolini, C.F. and A.F. Para, Exotic Atoms in Condensed Matter Alternatives in Low Energy Fusion? 59 ed, ed. G. Benedek and H. Schneuwly. 1992: Springer Proc. in Phys.Cerofolini, C.F. 129.

First Author: Cerofolini, C. F.
All Authors: Cerofolini, C. F., Para, A. F.
Keywords: review,


1495. Cerofolini, C.F. and A.F. Para, Alternatives in low energy fusion?". Springer Proc. Phys., 1992. 59 (Exot. At. Condens. Matter): p. 129.

First Author: Cerofolini, C. F.
All Authors: Cerofolini, C. F., Para, A. F.
Keywords: Theory, Ti, cluster impact, D2


1496. Chen, S.H., et al. The Sensitizing Phenomenon of X-ray Film in the Experiment of Metals Loaded with Deuterium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Chen, S. H.
All Authors: Chen, S. H., Wang, D. L., Chen, W. J., Li, Y. J., Fu, Y. B., Zhang, X.-W.
Keywords: film, autoradiograph, method, ICCF-3

The sensitizing phenomenon of x-ray film was studied, in metals loaded with deuterium, by a cycle method of temperature and pressure (CMTP). The experimental results showed that the sensitizing and of x-ray film was derived from the chemical reaction and the anomalous effect of metals loaded with deuterium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=281


1497. Chien, C.C., et al., On an electrode producing massive quantities of tritium and helium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 338: p. 189.

First Author: Chien, C. C.
All Authors: Chien, C. C., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z., Bockris, J.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, tritium, Helium, D2O, surface analysis

A Pd electrode has been examined which produced a concentration of tritium in a 0.1 M LiOD solution around 10^3 times above background. Tritium production at a given potential ceased after a few days, but could be restarted by a small increase of the deuterium overpotential. Correspondingly, He4 was found in 9-10 pieces of the Pd electrode at 2-100 times background. Addition of fresh amounts of D2O quenched the T production which began again spontaneously after 1-2 days. If the T had come from contamination, 3He would have been found in the electrode: it was absent. Loss of charge by the nucleus lakes place when the fugacity of D in voids exceeds 10^17 atm (Lifshitz and Pitaevskii, 1963). Sporadicity of function arises from the state of the surface, which is difficult to reproduce. The surface state controls the mechanism of D- evolution: only some mechanisms give a fugacity high enough to cause fusion. Only one electrode out of four examined produced T and 4He. The surface of this electrode contained a Cu-mosaic structure, not seen on the inactive electrodes.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChienCConanelectr.pdf


1498. Chien, C.C. and T.C. Huang, Tritium production by electrolysis of heavy water. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 391.

First Author: Chien, C. C.
All Authors: Chien, C. C., Huang, T. C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O, surface


1499. Choi, E., H. Ejiri, and H. Ohsumi. Limit on Fast Neutrons from DD Fusion in Deuterized Pd by Means of Ge Detector. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Choi, E.
All Authors: Choi, E., Ejiri, H., Ohsumi, H.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission ICCF-3 electrolysis

Search for fast neutrons from the electrochemistry loaded Pd-D system at room temperature was made in order to study the possible d-d fusion there. A low-background high-resolution Ge detector surrounded by neutron scatterers was used to investigate the fast (1 ~ 5 MwC neutrons. The neutron flux was obtained by measuring rates of the gamma rays following inelastic scattering of the fast neutrons from nuclei in the scatterers. The observed spectrum shows no significantly significant excess of gamma rays above background. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=223


1500. Chu, L. and S. Wang, Coulomb screening of deuterium in metal crystal. Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), 1992. 26(6): p. 80 (in Chinese).

First Author: Chu, L.
All Authors: Chu, L., Wang, S.
Keywords: Theory, screening


1501. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb. Ion Band State Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: theory, ion band, wave, ICCF-3

Puska et al. and Astaldi et al. have provided experimental evidence for the existence of hydrogen ion band states in adsorption studies of H and D atoms on metallic surfaces. If a certain view of quantum reality is correct, an ion band state (IBS) D+ population has wave function overlap and will undergo cold fusion, unlike normal molecules and ionic and covalent solids. Arguments leading to this conclusion and a tabulation of likely IBS reactions are presented.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=358


1502. Clarke, B.W. and R.M. Clarke, Search for (3)H, (3)He, and (4)He in D2-loaded titanium. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 170.

First Author: Clarke, B. W.
All Authors: Clarke, B. W., Clarke, R. M.
Keywords: Ti, helium tritium, D2


1503. Claytor, T.N., D.G. Tuggle, and S.F. Taylor. Evolution of Tritium from Deuterided Palladium Subject to High Electrical Currents. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Claytor, T. N.
All Authors: Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Taylor, S. F.
Keywords: Pd, tritium, D2, gas discharge, ICCF-3

An increase in the tritium level was detected in deuterium when various configurations of palladium foil or powder and silicon wafers or powder were subject to a high pulsed current. The deuterium, and over one atmosphere pressure, was circulated in a sealed loop containing the cell and an ionization chamber to measure the tritium increase as a function of time. After 4800 hours of data, spanning 10 cells (including deuterium and hydrogen controls), were collected with this system. Average tritium production has varied from 0.02 to 0.2 nCi/h. Due to experimental constraints we have not been able to measure neutron output with these cells while simultaneously measuring the tritium increase. The question of tritium contamination in the palladium has been primarily resolved by the development of techniques that allow the palladium powder or foil to be reused. Various methods for increasing the tritium production, such as, increased current density, surface modifiers, and higher deuterium loading, will be discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=220


1504. Close, F., Too Hot to Handle. The Race for Cold Fusion. 1992, New York: Penguin, paperback.

First Author: Close, F.
All Authors: Close, F.
Keywords: history, book,


1505. Conway, B.E. and J. Wojtowicz, Time-scales of electrochemical desorption and sorption of H in relation to dimensions and geometeies of host metal hydride electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 326: p. 277.

First Author: Conway, B. E.
All Authors: Conway, B. E., Wojtowicz, J.
Keywords: loading, Pd, diffusion


1506. Coupland, D.R., et al. Some Observations Related to the Presence of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Coupland, D. R.
All Authors: Coupland, D. R., Doyle, M. L., Jenkins, J. W., Notton, J. H. F., Potter, R. J., Thompson, D. T.
Keywords: Pd, surface analysis, loading, ICCF-3, NaOH, electrolysis

Surface and bulk analytical work carried out on palladium rod samples returned to Johnson Matthey by Fleischmann and Pons indicates that a number of elements, including platinum and lithium were deposited on the surface during electrolysis in D2O. Surface analysis via time of flight SIMS indicates that the Li6/Li7 isotope ratio is unusually low but no original reference is available.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=23


1507. Crawford, O.H., Examination of a proposed phonon-coupling mechanism for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 161.

First Author: Crawford, O. H.
All Authors: Crawford, O. H.
Keywords: Theory, Schwinger


1508. Criddle, E.E. Implications of Isoperibolic Electrode Calorimetry for Cold Fusion: The Silica Effect. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Criddle, E. E.
All Authors: Criddle, E. E.
Keywords: SiO2, heat, error, critique, ICCF-3

Isoperibolic electrode calorimetry has demonstrated that four times as much heat is generated at the anode then at the cathode in D2O. Experiments recognized that silica affected some results. Experiments in K2CO3 reported here identifies silica as both a contributor to excess heat generation and as a factor in modifying the cell calibration constant. Implications for cold fusion will be discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=157


1509. Czerwinski, A. and R. Marassi, The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part II: Basic solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 322: p. 373.

First Author: Czerwinski, A.
All Authors: Czerwinski, A., Marassi, R.
Keywords: Pd, loading, layer, electrolysis, D2O, H2O


1510. De Ninno, A. and V. Violante. "Quasi-Plasma" Transport Model in Deuterium Overloaded Cathodes. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: De Ninno, A.
All Authors: De Ninno, A., Violante, V.
Keywords: theory

The Pd-D system has been described assuming a two-population model. A "quasi-plasma" delocalized boson gas picture has been used for the deuterons exceeding the sto ichiometric ratio in Pd-D compounds.

A mathematical model supported by a numerical computer code with distributed parameters has been developed in order to describe the evolution of the deuteron concentration profile inside a Pd cathode under pulsed electrolysis. Several boundary conditions have been taken into account.

A strong correlation has been found between the model system evolution and the experimental data .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=115


1511. Dong, Q., et al., Studies on behavior of deuterium and hydrogen in palladium". Chem. J. Chin. Univ, 1992. 13(6): p. 847 (in Chinese).

First Author: Dong, Q.
All Authors: Dong, Q., Qiu, W., Gan, F., Cai, N.
Keywords: positron,, diffusion, loading


1512. Drexler, J. Electrodeless, Multi-Megawatt Reactor for Room-Temperature, Lithium-6/Deuterium Nuclear Reactions. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Drexler, J.
All Authors: Drexler, J.
Keywords: heat, lithium

This paper describes a reactor design to facilitate a room-temperature nuclear fusion/fission reaction to generate heat without generating unwanted neutrons, gamma rays, tritium, or other radioactive products.
The room-temperature fusion/fission reaction involves the sequential triggering of billions of single-molecule, Li6D "fusion energy pellets" distributed in lattices of a palladium ion accumulator that also acts as a catalyst to produce the molecules of Li6D from a solution comprising D2O, Li6OD with O2 gas bubbling through it. The D2 gas is the source of the negative deuterium ions in the Li60 molecules.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=397


1513. Enyo, M. Hydrogen/Deuterium Concentration in Pd under Cathodic Polarization. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Enyo, M.
All Authors: Enyo, M.
Keywords: overvoltage, poison, electrolysis, OCV, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-3, Pd, D2O

Effective hydrogen pressure at hydrogen evolving cathode is discussed in connection with the mechanism of the hydrogen electrode reaction. A Nernst type expression involving hydrogen overpotential is not generally applicable. Experimental results on Pd and Pd-Ag alloy cathodes with and without addition of catalytic poison are presented. The highest pressure observed was ca. 106 atm at 0.25 A cm^-2, 30C.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=3


1514. Enyo, M. and P.C. Biswas, Hydrogen absorption in palladium electrodes in alkaline solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 335: p. 309.

First Author: Enyo, M.
All Authors: Enyo, M., Biswas, P. C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, Li deposition, fugacity, OCV, loading


1515. Escarpizo, B., et al. Deuterium Concentration Profiles and Crystallization Anomalies in Electrolytically Deuterated Titanium Plates. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Escarpizo, B.
All Authors: Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Tornero, J., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: Ti, D2O, lattice parameter, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-3

Deuterium concentration and distribution profiles in electrolytically deuterated Ti plates have been obtained by Elastic Recoil Detection (E.R.D. ) , Rutherford Back Scattering (R.B.S. ) and X-ray diffraction (XRD ) . It has been found that D/Ti ratio remains constant (~ 1.65) up to a penetration which depends on the electrolysis time and then it goes down steeply to ~0. 05. The formed deuteride (TiDx, x ~1.65) exhibits some preferred orientations and its texture depends on that of the original Ti plate. The relevance of these data in relation to electrolytic cold fusion experiments is discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=33


1516. Fan, G.Y., et al. Production of Neutron and Tritium from D2O Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Fan, G. Y.
All Authors: Fan, G. Y., Wang, X. F., Huang, G. S., Zhou, H. Y., Han, Z. E., Wu, Z. D.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-3

Anomalous neutron burst and an increase in tritium concentration were observed simultaneously from heavy water electrolysis with palladium cathode. Consider with previous experimental results, we presumed that production of neutrons and tritium from D2O electrolysis depends heavily on the Constitution and the state of each cathode.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=237


1517. Fedorovich, G.V., Quantum-mechanical screening. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 164: p. 149.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, E-cell, screening


1518. Filimonov, V.A., Cold nuclear fusion: Its possibility in principle and means of realization. Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys., 1992. 37(6): p. 689.

First Author: Filimonov, V. A.
All Authors: Filimonov, V. A.
Keywords: Theory, vibration


1519. Filimonov, V.A., On the probability of cold nuclear fusion implementation: Synergetic hypothesis. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1992. 162: p. 99.

First Author: Filimonov, V. A.
All Authors: Filimonov, V. A.
Keywords: Theory, vibration, defects


1520. Fisher, J.C., Polyneutrons as agents for cold nuclear reactions. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 511.

First Author: Fisher, J. C.
All Authors: Fisher, J. C.
Keywords: Theory, polyneutron


1521. Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons. Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: from Simplicity via Complications to Simplicity. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S.
Keywords: calorimetry heat Pd D2O electrolysis boiling method, ICCF-3

It is shown that accurate values of the rates of enthalpy generation in the electrolysis of light and heavy water can be obtained from measurements in simple, single compartment Dewar type calorimeter cells. This precise evaluation of the rate of enthalpy generation relies on the non-linear regression fitting of the "black-box" model of the calorimeter to an extensive set of temperature time measurements. The method of data analysis gives a systematic underestimate of the enthalpy output and, in consequence, a slightly negative excess rate of enthalpy generation for an extensive set of blank experiments using both light and heavy water. By contrast, the electrolysis of heavy water at palladium electrodes shows a positive excess rate of enthalpy generation; this rate increases markedly with current density, reaching values of approximately 100 W cm^-3 at approximately 1 A cm^-2. It is also shown that prolonged polarization of palladium cathodes in heavy water leads to bursts in the rate of enthalpy generation; the thermal output of the cells exceeds the enthalpy input (or the total energy input) to the cells by factors in excess of 40 during these bursts. The total specific energy output during the bursts as well as the total specific energy output of fully charged electrodes subjected to prolonged polarization (5-50 MJ cm^-3) is 10^2 - 10^3 times larger than the enthalpy of reaction of chemical processes.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmancalorimetra.pdf


1522. Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Some comments on the paper Analysis of experiments on the calorimetry of LiOD-D2O electrochemical cells, R.H. Wilson et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 332 [1992] 1. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 332: p. 33.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S.
Keywords: critique, Wilson


1523. Fox, H., Cold Fusion Impact in the Enhanced Energy Age. 1992, Salt Lake City: Fusion Information Center.

First Author: Fox, H.
All Authors: Fox, H.
Keywords: history,


1524. Fujii, M., et al. Measurement of Neutrons in Electrolysis at Low Temperature Range. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Fujii, M.
All Authors: Fujii, M., Chiba, M., Fukushima, K., Katada, M., Hirose, T., Kubo, K., Miura, H., Miyamoto, S., Nakahara, H., Nakamitsu, Y., Seimiya, T., Shirakawa, T., Sueki, K., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Watanabe, T.
Keywords: Pd, DCl, methanol, neutron, electrolysis, low temperature, ICCF-3, loading

We observed three neutron trains continuing 2 or 3 h as the excess flux during electrolysis of due to rated alcoholic electrolyte at low temperature range with Pd cathode for 1878 h. those were 22 counts/2h and two times of 27 counts/3h in the average background counts of 4/h. We could not find any excess in other time intervals between 28.6 ms and 1878h. The production rates of the 22 and 27 pounds were 6.3 10-24 and 4.5 10-24/d-d/s during the 2 and 3h, respectively. The confidence level of neutron emission for the 22/2h and 27/3h were 88% and 59%, respectively, established from the statistics. And for the total of the three trains, the confidence level became 98%.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=219


1525. Fujiwara, M. and K. Sakuta. Statistically Significant Increase in Neutron Counts for Palladium Plate Filled with Deuterons by Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Fujiwara, M.
All Authors: Fujiwara, M., Sakuta, K.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-3

The comparison of the neutron count rate was executed among the Pd states different in the absorbed deuteron amounts. Charge and discharge of deuterons to the Pd plate was repeated cyclically by electrolysis. Highly significant difference of 1% level in statistics was observed between filled and emptied states in one sample among the four samples tested. This excess neutron count rate corresponds to the fusion rate of 0.810^ -23 fusions/deuteron pair/sec.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=229


1526. Fukai, Y. Some Properties of the Fe-H System at High Pressures and Temperatures. and their Implications for the Earth's Core. in High-Pressure Research: Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences. 1992. Terra Scientific Publishing Co, Tokyo.

First Author: Fukai, Y.
All Authors: Fukai, Y.
Keywords: Fe, H2, phase Diagram


1527. Fukai, Y. The ABC's of the Hydrogen-Metal System. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Fukai, Y.
All Authors: Fukai, Y.
Keywords: Pd, D, distance, theory, ICCF-3, PdD, lattice parameter

Some basic properties of the hydrogen- metal system are described with particular attention paid to the availability of close D-D pairs in metals. A brief description is also given of the behavior of energetic D+ ions during their passage through a metal lattice.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=13


1528. Fukai, Y. and H. Sugimoto, Hydrogen Diffusion in Metals-Unsolved Problems. Defect and Diffusion Forum, 1992. 83: p. 87.

First Author: Fukai, Y.
All Authors: Fukai, Y., Sugimoto, H.
Keywords: hydrogen, diffusion


1529. Fukushima, K. Is Sono-Fusion to be a Possible Mechanism for Cold Fusion? in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Fukushima, K.
All Authors: Fukushima, K.
Keywords: theory, accustic, sonofusion, ICCF-3

Phenomena of sono-Iuminescence now appear before the footlights. Recently direct measurement of the temperature of a hot spot created in a liquid by applying a supersonic field was carried out and very large values, T ~ 0.5 eV, were obtained.

It seems, therefore, to be an urgent problem to determine the upper bound for temperatures and densities realizable in the hot spot, in connection with cold fusion. In this paper we calculate it by use of the bubble dynamics so far developed by many authors and estimate the fusion rate per bubble.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=345


1530. Garfinkle, M., Ion implantation as a definitive means of investigating any possibility of intracrystalline nuclear fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 160.

First Author: Garfinkle, M.
All Authors: Garfinkle, M.
Keywords: Suggestion, ion implantation, method


1531. Gentsch, H., Reply to: R. Behrisch, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 96, 733 [1992]. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1992. 96: p. 734 (in German).

First Author: Gentsch, H.
All Authors: Gentsch, H.
Keywords: Polemic


1532. Gerlovin, I.L., R.K. Baranova, and P.S. Baranov, New approach to low-temperature nuclear fusion. Zh. Obshch. Khim., 1992. 62: p. 230 (in Russian).

First Author: Gerlovin, I. L.
All Authors: Gerlovin, I. L., Baranova, R. Kh., Baranov, P. S.
Keywords: Theory, suggestion


1533. Gieryn, T.F., "The Social Dimensions of Science", The ballad of Pons and Fleischmann: Experiment and narrative in the (un)making of cold fusion, ed. E. McMullin. 1992: U. Notre Dame Press, Gieryn, T.F. 214.

First Author: Gieryn, T. F.
All Authors: Gieryn, T. F.
Keywords: sociology, review, history


1534. Gluck, P., Understanding Reproducibility: Topology Is The Key. Fusion Facts, 1992. 3(11).

First Author: Gluck, P.
All Authors: Gluck, P.
Keywords: theory

Lack of reproducibility was a kind of original sin and a rich source of troubles, despair and skeptics from the start of the cold fusion story. Now the situation is much improved, but the progress has resulted mainly from trial and error experiments and not from cause-effect considerations, principles, models or theories. This statement is valid even for the newly born light-water excess energy experiments [1]. The most developed theories, e.g. the T.R.M. model of Bush [2] must be combined with purely empirical descriptions of know-how and engineering data as those of Cravens [3] for electrochemical cells. Scaramuzzi [4] for gas-metal systems, Mills [5] (the experimental part) and Mallove [1] for light water experiments. An example of spectacular irreproducibility was obtained by the scientists of the Bhabha Atomic Research Center [6,7]: "not only are the anomalous fusion reactions found to take place in only a very few chips (obtained from the same piece of titanium) but even in those chips, tritium production is restricted to a small number of selected localized hot spots' only..."

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GluckPunderstand.pdf


1535. Gozzi, D., et al. Experiments with Global Detection of Cold Fusion Byproducts. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Caputo, R., Tomellini, M., Balducci, G., Gigli, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-3, negative

On the line of the previous experiments carried out in a multicell electrochemical system, we will present the results obtained with an improved experimental apparatus recently assembled. In the present experimental configuration, we have a 60 3He tubes neutron counter from Jomar/Canberra (Los Alamos, NM) in which the ten cells system is located. In this way the efficiency of the neutron detection has been increased from 5x 10^-5 to 0.22. The sixty tubes are divided in twelve groups to localize which cell is generating neutrons owing to the counting of the twelve separated scalers. 4He detelmination by mass-spectrometry is another feature recently added to our experiment.

Preliminary results confirm what we already obtained and presented at ICCF2 last year. They are essentially the production of excess heat up to 43% without any appreciable neutron and tritium excesses compared to the respective backgrounds. A carefull check of the neutron data, through the analysis and dating of the single pulse shape, is still in progress to identify if intense spikes observed in the R+A count are due to a real in situ nuclear phenomena or background or artifact effects.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=161


1536. Gozzi, D., et al., Neutron and tritium evidence in the electrolytic reduction of deuterium on palladium electrodes. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 60.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron, tritium, D2O


1537. Graneau, P. and N. Graneau, The role of Ampere forces in nuclear fusion. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 165: p. 1.

First Author: Graneau, P.
All Authors: Graneau, P., Graneau, N.
Keywords: ampere forces, filament fusion, theory


1538. Groenlund, F., Electrolysis in calorimetry. J. Thermal Anal., 1992. 38: p. 229.

First Author: Groenlund, F.
All Authors: Groenlund, F.
Keywords: critique, review, Fleischmann


1539. Hagelstein, P.L. Coherent and Semi-Coherent Neutron Transfer Reactions. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

Neutron transfer reactions are proposed to account for anomalies reported in Pons-Fleischmann experiments. The prototypical reaction involves the transfer of a neutron (mediated by low frequency electric or magnetic fields) from a donor nucleus to virtual continuum states, followed by the capture of the virtual neutron by an acceptor nucleus. In this work we summarize basic principles, recent results and the ultimate goals of the theoretical effort .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=44


1540. Hagelstein, P.L., Coherent and semicoherent neutron transfer reactions I: The interaction Hamiltonian. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 172.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: Theory


1541. Hargrave, C., Cold Fusion: A Glimpse into the Future. Share International, 1992. 11: p. 17.

First Author: Hargrave, C.
All Authors: Hargrave, C.
Keywords: history


1542. Hasegawa, N., et al. Observation of Excess Heat during Electrolysis of 1 M LiOD in a Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Hasegawa, N.
All Authors: Hasegawa, N., Kunimatsu, K., Ohi, T., Terasawa, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, Current Density, loading, overvoltage, OCV, electrolysis, ICCF-3

Measurement of the excess heat generation during electrolysis of 1 M LiOD has been conducted in a closed cell pressurerized by deuterium gas in which a fuel cell type gas diffusion electrode was employed as an anode, and a platinized platinum electrode served as the RHE for determination of hydrogen overvoltage at the palladium cathode. This has allowed us simultaneous determination of both excess heat generation and deuterium loading ratio, D/Pd, in the course of long term electrolysis which lasted for nearly two months.

Dependence of excess heat generation on D/Pd has been observed up to D/Pd = 0.88 with the maximum outpuVinput ratio of 1 .35. The minimum O/Pd to produce the excess heat has been found around 0.83-0.84.

Dependence of O/Pd on the overvoltage and the dependence of the excess heat generation on the O/Pd suggest that the dependence of the excess heat generation on the current density reported originally by Fleischmann and Pons and later by Storms can be interpreted in terms of the dependence of the loading ratio on the electrolysis current density. In other words, higher current density is necessary to maintain the high loading ratio.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=117


1543. Hsu, C.L., C.M. Wan, and F.R. Chen. TEM Investigation of Hydrogen Ordering in Pd. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Hsu, C. L.
All Authors: Hsu, C. L., Wan, C. M., Chen, F. R
Keywords: order, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, molten salt, TEM, ICCF-3, structure

TEM was used to study the microstructure of Pd electrodes before and after electrochemical reaction in molten salt and heavy water cells. Hydrogen ordered structure in the non-stoichiometric PHx was observed in the Pd specimens annealed in air, vacuum and hydrogen furance. On the contrary, high density of dislocations and subgrains and no superlattice structure was observed in the Pd specimens after electrochemical reactions. The reason why no superlattice structure in the electrochemically reacted Pd may be due to traping of hydrogen atoms by defects.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=298


1544. Huizenga, J.R., Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century. 1992, Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.

First Author: Huizenga, J. R.
All Authors: Huizenga, J. R.
Keywords: history, critique, book,


1545. Iida, T., et al. Deuteron Fusion Experiment with Ti and Pd Foils Implanted with Deuterium Beams. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Iida, T.
All Authors: Iida, T., Fukuhara, M., Miyazaki, H., Sueyoshi, Y., Sunarno, Datemichi, J., Takahashi, A.
Keywords: D, ion implantation, Pd, Ti, Particle emission, ICCF-3, theory, three body, He

In order to examine the "cold" deuteron fusion reaction, we have tried making deuteron implantation experiments on Ti and Pd foils. A 20 cm diam. x 24 cm cylinder-type vacuum chamber was installed at the end section of a 240 keV deuteron accelerator. In the center of the chamber, a Ti or Pd foil sample was set to face toward 3 nsec pulsed deuteron beams collimated with a 3 mm diam. aperture. A Si-SSD was placed behind the foil sample for the measurement of high energy charged particles emitted from the foil by the supposed deuteron fusion reactions.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=206


1546. Ikegami, H., ed. Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion" (Part 1). 1992, Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan: Nagoya Japan. 698.

First Author: Ikegami, H.
All Authors: Ikegami, H.
Keywords:

This is the complete proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, October 21 - 25, 1992 Nagoya, Japan.

The printed book is in one volume, but this version has been split into two parts to facilitate downloading. This is Part 1, title page to page 252.

This file is in image-over-text Acrobat format, so it is large. Some individual papers from the proceedings have been uploaded separately after being completely converted to text Acrobat format, which is cleaner and smaller. In some cases the separate papers have been re-edited by the authors and improved.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf


1547. Ikegami, H., ed. Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion" (Part 2). 1992, Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan: Nagoya Japan. 698.

First Author: Ikegami, H.
All Authors: Ikegami, H.
Keywords:

This is the complete proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, October 21 - 25, 1992 Nagoya, Japan.

The printed book is in one volume, but this version has been split into two parts to facilitate downloading. This is Part 2, page 253 to page 698.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf


1548. Isagawa, S., Y. Kanada, and T. Suzuki. Search for Excess Heat, Neutron Emission and Tritium Yield from Electrochemically Charged Palladium in D2O. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Isagawa, S.
All Authors: Isagawa, S., Kanada, Y., Suzuki, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, H2O contamination, ICCF-3, electrolysis

The electrolysis of heavy water is being investigated with two types of open calorimetric systems. Pd cathodes, Pt anodes and D2O/0.1 M LiOD electrolytes have been used. Until now no clear-cut heat bursts as reported have been observed. One exceptional phenomenon showing abnormal power imbalance without neutron and tritium anomalies was found, but has not been repeated under the similar experimental conditions. Neutron emission, on the other hand, as a very rare case showed an abnormal increase for only short term during one of another series of experiments. The increase of about 3.8 sigma above the background level lasted for 9 hours on the 20th day after starting the electrolysis. The emission rate amounts to about 27.2 11.2 neutrons s^-l, which is equivalent to about 700 times as much as the background level. Neither excess heat nor tritium anomalies were, however, observed. The reason for the lack of repeatability of these experimental results is discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=215


1549. Ishida, T., Study of the anomalous nuclear effects in solid deuterium systems. 1992, Tokyo University. p. 131.

First Author: Ishida, T.
All Authors: Ishida, T.
Keywords: particle emission


1550. Jaendel, M., The fusion rate in the transmission resonance model. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 176.

First Author: Jaendel, M.
All Authors: Jaendel, M.
Keywords: Theory, critique, resonance


1551. Jandel, M., The Fusion Rate in the Transmission Resonance Model. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 176.

First Author: Jandel, M.
All Authors: Jandel, M.
Keywords: theory, resonance


1552. Jones, S.E., Current issues in cold fusion research: heat, helium, tritium, and energetic particles. Surf. Coatings Technol., 1992. 51: p. 283.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E.
Keywords: theory, review, critique


1553. Kaliev, K., et al. Reproducible Nuclear Reactions during Interaction of Deuterium with Oxide Tungsten Bronze. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Kaliev, K.
All Authors: Kaliev, K., Baraboshkin, A. N., Samgin, A. L., Golikov, E., Shalyapin, A., Andreev, V. S., Golubnichii, P. I.
Keywords: neutron+, NaWO3, tungsten bronze, D2, ICCF-3

The possibility of essential increase of rate of carring out nuclear reactions with participance of deuterium in solids representing solid electrolytes with cation-electronic conductivity has been shown in the paper. It is found out that strict maintenance of experiment parameters leads to completely qualitatively reproduced results: generation of neutrons and heat at introduction of deuterium into the system.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=243


1554. Kamada, K. Electron Impact H-H and D-D Fusions in Molecules Embedded in Al. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Kamada, K.
All Authors: Kamada, K.
Keywords: particle emission D, H2, Al, CR-39, electron bombardment ICCF-3, helium

Both H-H and D-D fusion reactions, detected via high energy particle emission on CR-39, are shown to occur when 200 and 400 keV electrons are bombarded onto H+ or D+ ion implanted Al thin crystals. Roughly 1-2103 particle emissions, including both hydrogen and helium isotopes, in whole space were observed in each case. Collisions between recoilled D atoms due to the high energy electron impact give only 10-12 to 10-26 times smaller fusion rates than the experimental results. The present observations suggest the presence of a new kind of fusion reaction which occurs with negligible kinetic energy of the reacting nuclei.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=289


1555. Kamada, K., Electron impact H-H and D-D fusions in molecules embedded in Al. 1. Experimental results. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, 1992. 31(9): p. L1287.

First Author: Kamada, K.
All Authors: Kamada, K.
Keywords: Al, ion bombardment, D2, H2, CR-39, particle emission

This paper is similar to the ICCF3 paper from the same author: Kamada, K. Electron Impact H-H and D-D Fusions in Molecules Embedded in Al. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, which can be found here:

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=289

This library has only the abstract and DOI of the paper. The full paper can be downloaded from the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics.

Here is the Abstract:

Both H-H and D-D fusion reactions, detected via high energy particle emission on CR-39, are shown to occur when 200 and 400 keV electrons are bombarded onto H+ or D+ ion implanted Al thin crystals. Roughly 1-2103 particle emissions, including both hydrogen and helium isotopes, in whole space were observed in each case. Collisions between recoilled D atoms due to the high energy electron impact give only 10-12 to 10-26 times smaller fusion rates than the experimental results. The present observations suggest the presence of a new kind of fusion reaction which occurs with negligible kinetic energy of the reacting nuclei.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KamadaKelectronim.pdf


1556. Karabut, A.B., Y. Kucherov, and I.B. Savvatimova. Possible Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms at Glow Discharge in Deuterium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Karabut, A. B.
All Authors: Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B.
Keywords: Pd, Gas discharge, ion implantation, transmutation, D2, ICCF-3

Experimental results of impurity concentration measurements in palladium cathode by different methods before and after glow discharge in deuterium experiments are presented. Some very strange elements which we could not find in discharge environment can be seen. An attempt to understand this situation on the basis of fission and fusion in Pd-d system is presented.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABpossiblenu.pdf


1557. Karabut, A.B., Y. Kucherov, and I.B. Savvatimova, Nuclear product ratio for glow discharge in deuterium. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 170: p. 265.

First Author: Karabut, A. B.
All Authors: Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B.
Keywords: ion bombardment, Pd neutron, heat+, Helium, gamma emission particle emission, x-ray

New results for glow discharge in deuterium calorimetry are presented. In separate experiments a heat output five times exceeding the input electric power was observed. The result for the charged particle spectrum measurement is presented. Charged particles with energies up to 18 MeV and an average energy of 2-4 MeV were seen. Beams of gamma-rays with energies of about 200 keV and a characteristic X-ray radiation were registered. The summed energy of the registered products is three orders short of the values needed to explain the calorimetric results.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABnuclearpro.pdf


1558. Kasagi, J., et al. Observation of High Energy Protons Emitted in the TiDx+D Reaction at Ed=150 keV and Anomalous Concentration of 3He. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Kasagi, J.
All Authors: Kasagi, J., Ishii, K., Hiraga, M., Yoshihara, K.
Keywords: Helium, ion Bombardment Ti, D2, ion implantation,, Particle emission ICCF-3 tritium

Energetic protons were observed up to ~ 17.5 MeV i n the bombardment of 150-keV deuteron on highly deuterated Ti rods. It has been shown that these protons are originated from the D +3He reaction. The observed spectrum can be explained very well by the sequential reaction process, except for the three cases which require
anomalous concentration of 3H e in TiDx . The concentration, which is severely limited at some particular places i n TiDx and seldom occurs , is considered to occur before the bombardment.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=213


1559. Kawarabayashi, J., et al., Low level neutron detection system for cold-fusion. J. Facul. Eng., Univ. Tokyo B, 1992. 41: p. 595.

First Author: Kawarabayashi, J.
All Authors: Kawarabayashi, J., Takahashi, H., Iguchi, T., Nakazawa, M.
Keywords: neutron, method


1560. Kim, Y.E., et al. Condensed Matter Effects for Cold and Hot Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Rice, R. A., Yoon, J. H.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

In dense plasmas, the ensemble of fusing particles has a significant exchange of kinetic and potential energies. Because of this condensed matter effect (CME), the higher Z nuclei thus have a larger reduction in fusion rates.
Our proposed solution of the solar neutrino problem finds a larger reduction for 7Be(p, gamma)8 B than for p(p, e+ ve )D. Our CME predictions are consistent with neutrino detection experiments. CME have broad ranging astrophysical implications; may account for the anomalous branching ratio in cold fusion; and may be testable in laboratory beam fusion experiments with solid targets.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=67


1561. Kitcher, P., Authority, deference, and the role of individual reason. 1992: U. Notre Dame Press.

First Author: Kitcher, P.
All Authors: Kitcher, P.
Keywords: discussion


1562. Kitcher, P., The Social Dimensions of Science Authority, deference, and the role of individual reason, ed. E. McMullin. 1992: U. Notre Dame Press. 245.

First Author: Kitcher, P.
All Authors: Kitcher, P.
Keywords: discussion,


1563. Kobayashi, M., et al. Measurements of D/Pd and Excess Heat during Electrolysis of LiOD in a Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell Using a Palladium Sheet Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Kobayashi, M.
All Authors: Kobayashi, M., Imai, N., Hasegawa, N., Kubota, A., Kunimatsu, K.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, overvoltage, electrolysis, ICCF-3, high-low, loading

Measurement of O/Pd and excess heat was carried out during electrolysis of LiOD in a fuel-cell type closed cell using two batches of palladium sheet cathodes. We applied the "saw-tooth" current mode and the following "L-H " current mode which was employed originally by Takahashi. Excess heat of 1 0-30% of input power was observed in experiment-A using a Pd sheet cathode that was one of the same batch used by Takahashi. But in experiment-B, the palladium sheet that was one of the different batch did not produce any measurable excess power. The saw-tooth mode and the L-H mode operation had no effect to enhance D/Pd.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=125


1564. Komaki, H. Observations on the Biological Cold Fusion or the Biological Transformation of Elements. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Komaki, H.
All Authors: Komaki, H.
Keywords: biological, transmutation, ICCF-3

In previous paper [1-7] the author with Prof. Dr. C. Louis KERVRAN suggested the probable occurrence of the biological cold fusion or the biological transmutation of elements. In order to confirm the phenomena. under the more controlled condition, potassium, magnesium, iron and calcium were determined in cells of Aspergillus niger IFO 4066. Penicillium chrysogenum IFO 4689, Rhizopus nigricans IFO 5781, Mucor rouxii IFO 0396, Saccharomyces cerevisiae IFO 0308. Torulopsis utilis IFO 0396, Saccharomyces ellipsoideus IFO 0213 and Hansenula anomala IFO 0118 cultured in normal medium and media deficient in one of potassium, magnesium, iron or calcium. Values of potassium 1890 ~ 2650 μg. magnesium 380 ~ 510 μg. iron 95 - 120 μg, and calcium 60 ~ 95 μg were obtained per g dried cells cultured in each deficient medium, while potassium 8650 ~ 11050 μg, magnesium 1920 ~ 2160 μg, iron 510 - 680 μg, and calcium 380 ~ 450 μg were found per g dried cells obtained by cultivation in the normal medium.

The author would like to suggest the probable occurrence of the phenomena relevant to biological cold fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=293


1565. Kubota, A., et al. Hydrogen and Deuterium Absorption by Pd Cathode in a Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Kubota, A.
All Authors: Kubota, A., Akita, H., Tsuchida, Y., Saito, T., Haseqawa, N., Imai, N., Hayakawa, N., Kunimatsu, K.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, overvoltage, D/Pd, Current Density, electrolysis, ICCF-3

The hydrogen and deuterium loading ratio, H/Pd and D/Pd, in Pd cathode were measured during electrolysis of 1 M LiOD, 1 M LiOH, 2.8M HzS04, 2.8M D2S04, 14.7 M H3P04, 0.57 M K2CO3 in a fuel-cell type closed cell. Cold worked pure Pd (diam. 2 - diam. 5 rods) were used for cathodes. A gas-diffusion type fuel cell anode was used for ionization of hydrogen and deuterium gas. H/Pd or D/Pd was calculated from H2 or D2 gas pressure decrease and temperature during electrolysis under in-situ conditions.

The result is summarized as follows; the loading ratio depends on hydrogen overvoltage. D/Pd is smaller than H/Pd by 4 ~ 8% for a given overvoltage. The loading ratio does not depend on electrolyte, but the overvoltage depends on electrolyte for a given current density.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=302


1566. Kunimatsu, K., et al. Deuterium Loading Ratio and Excess Heat Generation During Electrolysis of Heavy Water by Palladium Cathode in a Closed Cell Using a Partially Immersed Fuel Cell Anode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Kunimatsu, K.
All Authors: Kunimatsu, K., Hasegawa, N., Kubota, A., Imai, N., Ishikawa, M., Akita, H., Tsuchida, Y.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, loading, heat+, overvoltage, electrolysis, ICCF-3

We have developed a novel electrolytic cell pressurized by D2 in which deuterium loading ratio in a palladium cathode can be determined in-situ during the calorimetric measurements of excess heat. A gas diffusion type fuel cell anode is partially immersed in the electrolyte solution to act as a counter electrode, at which electrochemical oxidation of deuterium gas molecules to deuterium ions takes place instead of electrolytic decomposition of water molecules to generate oxygen gas.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KunimatsuKdeuteriuml.pdf


1567. Kuzmann, E., et al., Moessbauer study of cold nuclear fusion in Fe-Zr alloy. Hyperfine Interactions, 1992. 71: p. 1417.

First Author: Kuzmann, E.
All Authors: Kuzmann, E., Varsanyi, M., Korecz, L., Vertes, A., Masumoto, T., Ujihira, Y., Kiss, A., Kiss, L.
Keywords: electrolysis Fe-Zr, neutron, gamma emission, Mossbauer


1568. Kuzmann, E., et al. On the Possibility of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Fe-Zr Amorphous Alloy. in Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, "AIP Conference Proceedings 228". 1992. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT: American Institute of Physics, New York.

First Author: Kuzmann, E.
All Authors: Kuzmann, E., Vertes, A., Varsanyi, M., Kiss, L., Korecz, L., Deak, F., Kiss, A., Masumoto, T.
Keywords: Fe-Zr, D2O, neutron gamma emission Mossbauer, electrolysis


1569. Lason, L., et al., Search for neutrons from cold fusion of deuterium absorbed in palladium. Acta Univ. Lodz., Fol. Phys., 1992. 16: p. 3.

First Author: Lason, L.
All Authors: Lason, L., Przytula, M., Wojtkiewicz, R., Baczynski, J., Bauer, J.
Keywords: D2, Pd, neutron


1570. Lawson, A.C., et al., Debye-Waller factors of PdDx materials by neutron powder diffraction. J. Alloys and Compounds, 1992. 183: p. 174.

First Author: Lawson, A. C.
All Authors: Lawson, A. C., Conant, J. W., Robertson, R., Rohwer, R. K., Young, V. A., Talcott, C. L.
Keywords: PdD, lattice parameter, thermal expansion, structure, neutron diffraction


1571. Lee, K.H. and Y.M. Kim. The Change of Tritium Concentration during the Electrolysis of D2O in Various Electrolytic Cells. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Lee, K. H.
All Authors: Lee, K. H., Kim, Y. M.
Keywords: tritium, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3

The U-type and bell jar type electrolytic cells were designed using pyrex glass and modified for recombination of gases with platinum catalysts. The electrolysis of LiOD/D2O in V-type cell yielded more final activities in Pt/Pd system than Pt/Pt system. Some electrolysis of LiOD/D2O in Pt/Pd showed the increase of 3T above 100%. The separation factor of D/T in electrolysis was not measured directly but assumed 2 ~ 3 from literature. The increase of 3T can not be explained with the isotope separation effect.

But in the modified cells with recombination, the electrolysis yielded no significant increase of final tritium activities in the total system. In this case, recombined D2O was collected separately and total 3T activities were obtained by combining this with residue in D2O electrolytes.

Finally, bell jar type closed cells were designed with recombination catalysts. And palladium electrode was covered by different porous materials. After 10 days of electrolysis with a change of current density, one cell showed the increase of 3T activities significantly.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=249


1572. Lewenstein, B.V., Cold fusion saga: Lesson in science. Forum Appl. Res. Public Policy, 1992. 7(4): p. 67.

First Author: Lewenstein, B. V.
All Authors: Lewenstein, B. V.
Keywords: history


1573. Lewenstein, B.V., Cold fusion and hot history. Osiris, 1992. 7: p. 135.

First Author: Lewenstein, B. V.
All Authors: Lewenstein, B. V.
Keywords: history


1574. Li, X.Z. Cold Fusion Researches in China-From Confirmation to Analyzing the Mechanism. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z.
Keywords: review, China, Gas Discharge, neutron, ICCF-3

While the number of activities was decreasing. the quality of the research activities on cold fusion was improved in the third year. Neutron em issions from the glow discharge tu be with flowing deuterium gas a readdressed to confirm the a nomalous nuclear phenomen on. "Combined Resonance Tunneling" and the concept of "Semi-Resonance" are proposed to be the possible mechanism.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=82


1575. Li, X.Z., D.Z. Jin, and L. Chang. The Combined Resonance Tunneling and Semi-Resonance Level in Low Energy D-D Reaction. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z., Jin, D. Z., Chang, L.
Keywords: theory tunneling, ICCF-3

When nuclear potential wells are connected by an atomic potential well, a new kind of tunneling may happen even if there is no virtual energy level in nuclear potential wells. The necessary condition for this combined residence tunneling is a residence in the atomic potential well. Thus, the nuclear reaction may be affected by the action in atomic scale in terms of combined residence tunneling. The nuclear spectrum data support this idea.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=333


1576. Liang, W.X., et al. Neutron Measurements in a AC-Discharge Tube. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Liang, W. X.
All Authors: Liang, W. X., Xu, D. M., Zhang, G. Y., Yao, Z. L., Wang, E. Y.
Keywords: Pd, Gas Discharge, D2, neutron, ICCF-3

A schematic diagram of the device is shown in Fig. 1. Discharge is produced by an AC voltage (300V-600V , 50Hz) applied between two Pd Coaxial electrodes in a glass tube filling deuterium gas with pressure in the range of 0.1 to tens Torr. The neutron counts are recorded by two long Counters Consisting of BF3 Counter. One of the neutron detectors is close to the glass tube and another is far away from glass tube for background neutron level measurements. After 20 minutes discharge cleaning with 350V AC at this time increasing the voltage to 500v , the neutron counts are suddenly increased to the level higher than 4 times of the background. Fifteen minutes later increasing a little deuterium pressure again, the neutron counts rise to a level of 10 times higher than the background (see Fig. 2).

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=184


1577. Liaw, B.Y. and B.E. Liebert. A Potential Shuttle Mechanism for Charging Hydrogen Species into Metals in Hydride-Containing Molten Salt Systems. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Liaw, B. Y.
All Authors: Liaw, B. Y., Liebert, B. E.
Keywords: Molten Salt, method, Fused Salt, ICCF-3

This paper proposes a "shuttle mechanism" in the hydride-containing molten salts under severe charging conditions. Our previous work reported that the use of elevated-temperature deuteride-containing molten salts promises great potential for charging deuterium into metals for excess heat generation. Substantial excess heat was measured occasionally but was difficult to reproduce, which reduced the prospect of this technology. We believe an understanding of the reaction mechanism is critical for reproducibility.

The proposed "shuttle mechanism" is based on the interpretation of the polarization behavior for various cell operating conditions. An attempt has been made to understand the reaction(s) responsible for the excess heat generation in spite of the complexity of the electrochemistry of this molten-salt system compared to heavy-water electrolysis. We examined the oxidation potentials reported in the literature and compared with results obtained from polarization techniques .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=141


1578. Lipson, A.G., et al., Initiation of nuclear fusion by cavitation action on deuterium-containing media. Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1992. 62(12): p. 121 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Deryagin, B. V., Klyuev, V. A., Toporov, Yu. P., Sirotyuk, M. G., Khavroshkin, O. B., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: LaNi5, ultrasonic, neutron, D2O, fractofusion


1579. Lipson, A.G., et al., On the initiation of DD reactions in the zirconium-deuterium system. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 166: p. 43.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Kluev, V. A., Mordovin, V. N., Sakov, D. M., Derjaguin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P.
Keywords: fractofusion, Zr, ball mill, neutron, D2O


1580. Lipson, A.G., et al., Parallel recording of pulsed thermal effects and neutron bursts in heterostructural Au/Pd/PdO, saturated with deuterium by electrochemical means. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1992. 18(20): p. 58 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Deryagin, B. V., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: Pd-Au-PdO, electrolysis, neutron, layers


1581. Lipson, A.G., et al., Neutron emission in monocrystals of KD2PO4, stimulated by ferroelectric phase transition. Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fis., 1992. 18(16): p. 90 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Kalinin, V. B., Deryagin, B. V.
Keywords: neutron, KD2PO4, fractofusion


1582. Long, H.Q., et al. Anomalous Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Long, H. Q.
All Authors: Long, H. Q., Sun, S. H., Liu, H. Q., Xie, R. S., Zhang, X.-W., Zhang, W.-S.
Keywords: Gas Discharge, neutron, gamma emission, D2 H2 ICCF-3

Stable and high yield of neutron had been measured repeatedly in the glow discharge processs of the flowing rare deuterium gas in a Deuterium / Metal system consisted of Pt, Nb, W, Cu, Mo, Ag or Fe with D respectively.
A layer of metal film which was deposited on the inner surface of glass reaction bulb in the glow discharge process and insulated from electrodes played key action on inducing anomalous effects repeatedly. Neutrons had been measured by activation detector (115In, 193Ir) and recoil proton neutron spectrometer; there was a continued spectrum in the energy range from 0.5 Mev to 11 MeV; The average neutron energy was 3.55MeV; different heights of peak appeared at (0. 5-1 .0) Mev, (3.0-3.5)Mev, (5.0 - 5.5)Mev, (8.0-8.5)Mev, (9.0--9.5)Mev and (10.0 - 10.5)Mev; but the neutrons of (2.0-2.5)Mev interesting to people appeared in a valley of the energy spectrum and their yield was only 7-8 % of the total yield of neutrons. The highest yield of neutron appeared in D / Pt system, the lowest appeared in D / Fe system . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=186


1583. Long, H.Q., et al. The Anomalous Nuclear Effects Inducing by the Dynamic Low Pressure Gas Discharge in a Deuterium/Palladium System. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Long, H. Q.
All Authors: Long, H. Q., Xie, R. S., Sun, S. H., Liu, H. Q., Gan, J. B., Chen, B. R., Zhang, X.-W., Zhang, W.-S.
Keywords: Pd, D, Gas Discharge, neutron, x-ray, gamma emission, ICCF-3

Neutron emission which average rate was 13-330 n/s and x-rays which average energy > eUmax were continuously detected from a gas discharge reaction ball, these neutrons were divided into two groups of 2 - 2.5 MeV and 2.5 - 7 MeV, and the emission of neutron was 100% reproducible.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=194


1584. Lopez Garcia, A.R., et al., Gamma-radiation detection limits for electrochemically induced deuterium cold-fusion rates. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1992. 105: p. 987.

First Author: Lopez Garcia, A. R.
All Authors: Lopez Garcia, A. R., Vucetich, H., Bolzan, A. E., Arvia, A. J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron


1585. Lpson, A.G., et al., Yield of nuclear fusion products from absorption of elastic energy in deuterated metals. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1992. 323(6): p. 1097 (in Russian).

First Author: Lpson, A. G.
All Authors: Lpson, A. G., Kutsnetsov, V. A., Sakov, D. M., Deryagin, B. V.
Keywords: theory, local energy


1586. Lynch, D.L., et al., Spectroscopic studies of surface and subsurface hydrogen/metal systems. J. Chem. Phys., 1992. 97(7): p. 5177.

First Author: Lynch, D. L.
All Authors: Lynch, D. L., Rick, S. W., Gomez, M. A., Spath, B. W., Doll, J. D., Pratt, L. R.
Keywords: Pd, Ni, H, surface


1587. Ma, Y.L., H.X. Yang, and X.X. Dai, A theoretical study of the possibility of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter. Nucl. Fusion Plasma Phys., 1992. 12: p. 171 (in Chinese).

First Author: Ma, Y. L.
All Authors: Ma, Y. L., Yang, H. X., Dai, X. X.
Keywords: theory, screening


1588. Maizza, G., et al., Study on deuterium absorption of Pd at high-pressure D2 gas and low temperatures. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1992. 14D: p. 27.

First Author: Maizza, G.
All Authors: Maizza, G., Nakamura, K., Fujitsuka, M., Kitajima, M.
Keywords: loading, pressure, Ti, Pd, resistivity, diffusion


1589. Matsumoto, O., et al. Detection of Neutron and Tritium during Electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O Solution. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Matsumoto, O.
All Authors: Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T., Yamaguchi, A., Suenaga, O.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron+, tritium+, T/n, electrolysis, ICCF-3

During the electrolysis of 0.5 M D2SO4-D2O solution using Pd as the cathode material and Pt as an anode material, the emission of neutron was detected by means of the fission track method and the production of tritium was investigated with a liquid scintillation method.

The neutron emission rate was estimated to be comparable with the natural abundance of neutrons at the surface of the earth which was 2 neutrons cm^-2 s^-1 estimated by fission track method comparing with the neutron radiation from the 241Am-9Be neutron source. The tritium production rate was established to be 10^4 T atoms cm^-2 s^-1 in the Pd metal used as the cathode materials by the liquid scintillation method. The branching ratio (T/n) was established to be 10^4.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=233


1590. Matsumoto, T. Review for "Nottoh" Model and Experimental Findings during Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: theory, Nottoh, iton, ICCF-3

A review is described for the Nattoh model that provides the framework of the mechanisms of cold fusion. The model classifies the reactions into two categories: fundamental and associated reactions. The former involves the "hydrogen-catalyzed" fusion reaction and the chain reactions of hydrogens. And extremely exciting physics are involved in the latter. Furthermore experimental findings are described.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=349


1591. Matsumoto, T., Interference Phenomena Observed During Cold Fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 179.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: quadneutron, film, iton


1592. Matsumoto, T., Observation of gravity decays of multiple-neutron nuclei during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 164.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: iton Nattoh theory new particle


1593. Matsumoto, T., Searching for tiny black holes during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 281.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Nattoh, iton, film


1594. Matsumoto, T., Observation of stars produced during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 518.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: film, iton, quadneutron, PdD


1595. Matsunami, N. A Mechanism for Cold Nuclear Fusion: Barrier Reduction by Screening Under Transient Coherent Flow of Deuterium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Matsunami, N.
All Authors: Matsunami, N.
Keywords: theory, screening, ICCF-3

A mechanism for the cold nuclear fusion is suggested, based on reduction of the barrier penetration factor lambda due to screening by enhanced electron density around deuterium at excited/ionic states under transient coherent flow of d in metals. Four D- state, lambda ~ 70 or the rate of ~1 fusion/s*cm^3 is obtained. The effective region and probability of the transient coherent D- state are discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=372


1596. Mayer, F.J. and J.R. Reitz, Response to 'Comments on "Nuclear energy release in metals"'. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 95.

First Author: Mayer, F. J.
All Authors: Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R.
Keywords: critique, Bryan, hydron


1597. McAllister, J.W., Competition among scientific disciplines in cold nuclear fusion research. Science in Context, 1992. 5: p. 17.

First Author: McAllister, J. W.
All Authors: McAllister, J. W.
Keywords: history


1598. McKee, J.S.C., et al., The role of fractofusion in the creation of anomalies in neutron production from deuterium-implanted solids. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 1992. 67: p. 448.

First Author: McKee, J. S. C.
All Authors: McKee, J. S. C., Smith, G. R., Durocher, J. J. G., Johnston, H. L., Mathur, M. S., Mayer, J. K., Mirzai, A., Yeo, Y. H., Hempel, A., Hnatiuk, H., King, S.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


1599. McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Excess Power Observations in Electrochemical Studies of the D/Pd System; The Influence of Loading. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: McKubre, M. C. H.
All Authors: McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Riley, A. M., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L.
Keywords: heat+, loading, Pd, D2, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3

Excess power measurements have been carried out on a deuterium-based electrochemical system of novel design. The excess power generation is reported as a function of electrochemical current and cathode loading. A phenomenological model for excess power production is introduced and briefly discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHexcesspowe.pdf


1600. Melich, M.E. and W.N. Hansen. Some Lessons from 3 Years of Electrochemical Calorimetry. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Melich, M. E.
All Authors: Melich, M. E., Hansen, W. N.
Keywords: critique, Harwell, heat, error, ICCF-3

An analysis of the time series data from the 16 Harwell FPH electrochemical cells is being conducted. Using generally accepted calorimetric principles and detailed numerical analysis, the behavior of "cold fusion" output data is used to estimate the instrumental sensitivity and the time varying accuracy of the results of the experiments. In Harwells D2O Cell 3 there are more than ten time intervals where an unexplained power source or energy storage mechanism may be operating. A comparison to a previous analysis of Pons and Fleischmann data is made.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MelichMEsomelesson.pdf


1601. Mellican, R.E., From fusion frenzy to fraud: Reflections on science and its cultural norms. Bull. Sci. Tech. Soc., 1992. 12: p. 1.

First Author: Mellican, R. E.
All Authors: Mellican, R. E.
Keywords: history


1602. Mengoli, G., et al., Tritium and neutron emission in D2O electrolysis at Pd and Ti cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 322: p. 107.

First Author: Mengoli, G.
All Authors: Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Riccardi, L., Buffa, A.
Keywords: titanium, Pd, electrolysis, tritium, neutron, D2O


1603. Miles, M., Critical Analysis of Cold Fusion Calorimetric Data Reported by Caltech Scientists. 1992, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division: China Lake, CA.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M.
Keywords:

Most scientists have dismissed cold fusion as a pathological science or as another polywater episode, yet the third international conference on this subject will take place in Japan later this year. Furthermore, considerable experimental evidence has quietly accumulated that supports the occurrence of nuclear reactions in a metal lattice near room temperature.

The presentations and publications by N. Lewis et al. were obviously major factors in turning the scientific and public opinion against the concept of electrochemically induced cold fusion (5). Ignoring any debate about cold fusion, there are apparently major flaws in the calorimetric experiments reported by N. Lewis et al. that have been brought to my attention by V. Noninski and reported in detail elsewhere. These apparent errors need to be presented to the scientific community and considered in any cold fusion discussions.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcriticalan.pdf


1604. Miles, M. and B.F. Bush. Search for Anomalous Effects Involving Excess Power and Helium During D2O Electrolysis Using Palladium Cathodes. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Bush, B. F.
Keywords: helium Pd D2O heat+ electrolysis ICCF-3

Eight electrolysis gas samples collected during episodes of excess power production in two identical cells showed the presence of 4He. Six control samples gave no evidence for helium. Various studies of helium diffusion into
our Pyrex glass sample flasks established a minimum helium detection limit of 3 x 10^13 4He/500 mL (3 ppb) for our experiments. This places our rate of 4He production at 10^11 - 10^12 4He/s * W which is the correct magnitude for typical fusion reactions that yield helium as a product. Simultaneous evidence for excess power, helium production, and anomalous radiation was present in these experiments. Progress relating to helium measurements have been hindered by difficulties in obtaining large excess power effects.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=195


1605. Miles, M. and B.F. Bush. Calorimetric Principles and Problems in Pd-D2O Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Bush, B. F.
Keywords: error critique, heat+ ICCF-3

Most of the laboratories involved with the question of excess enthalpy in Pd-D2O electrolysis experiments have employed isoperibolic calorimetric techniques. A careful re-examination of earlier results from several laboratories (California Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harwell Laboratory) is
needed in terms of our present understanding of electrochemical calorimetry. Error sources in their experiments are discussed. There is possible evidence for excess power production in the Pd-D2O electrolysis experiments at one of these laboratories.

A significant experimental problem in many isoperibolic calorimetric studies is the fact that the decrease in the electrolyte level due to electrolysis produces a significant decrease in the calorimetric cell constant if the temperature is measured in the electrolyte of the electrochemical cell. Furthermore, heat conduction pathways out of the top of the cell can produce large errors, especially at low power levels. There is no steady state in electrochemical calorimetry, hence accurate results require the evaluation of all terms in the differential equation governing the calorimeter.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcalorimetr.pdf


1606. Miles, M. and C.P. Jones, Cold fusion experimenter Miles responds to critic. 21st Century Sci. & Technol., 1992. Spring: p. 75.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Jones, C. P.
Keywords: critique Jones Miles, He heat


1607. Miley, G.H., et al. Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes for Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Miley, G. H.
All Authors: Miley, G. H., Patel, J. U., Javedani, J., Hora, H., Kelly, J. C., Tompkins, J.
Keywords: theory, thin Film, ICCF-3

The application of the " swimming electron layer" theory to the design of multilayer electrodes is discussed. A key advantage of this approach is that the enhanced reaction rate at interfaces between select metals results in a high power density throughout the volume of the electrode.

Design criteria and fabrication techniques devised for the multilayer thin films are discussed. Initial experiments using a dense plasma focus (DPF) for loading these targets are described along with the design of an electrolytic cell intended to test scaling to high powers.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=393


1608. Mills, R.L., Reply to 'Comments on "Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion"'. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 96.

First Author: Mills, R. L.
All Authors: Mills, R. L.
Keywords: critique, Mayer


1609. Miyamaru, H. and A. Takahashi. Periodically Current-Controlled Electrolysis of D2O/Pd System for Excess Heat Production. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Miyamaru, H.
All Authors: Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat, electrolysis, Tanaka, ICCF-3

For the purpose of clarifying the correlation between current density and excess heat production in the D2O/Pd electrolysis, a new measurement system with an open type calorimeter was constructed. And electrolysis cell was specially designed and applied current was changed every few hours. Some palladium plates were electrolyzed with various current densities. A slight excess heat was observed during step-up mode electrolysis of the palladium plate called the first batch. No excess heat was observed with other palladium plates. Though the relation between applied current patterns and excess heat level was not clear, this study suggests that palladium material feature has an important role in excess heat production.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=133


1610. Mizuno, T., et al. Cold Fusion Reaction Products and Behavior of Deuterium Absorption in Pd Electrode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Mizuno, T.
All Authors: Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Enyo, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, Current Density, D/Pd, loading, ICCF-3

Excess heat generation from Pd electrode during cathodic polarization in D2O LiOD solution was investigated as a function of D/Pd loading ratio. The excess heat was observed when a Pd sample was filled with deuterium in D/Pd ~0.90 by cathodic charging. The excess heat increased with D/Pd in an exponential manner: the heat was of the order of magnitude of 0.1 Watt/cm^2 at D/PD ~1.0.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=113


1611. Mizuno, T., et al., Diffusion rate of deuterium in Pd during cathodic charging. Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, 1992. 60: p. 405 (Japanese, with English abstract).

First Author: Mizuno, T.
All Authors: Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Enyo, M.
Keywords: Pd, diffusion, loading, phase diagram gamma phase


1612. Mo, D.W., et al. Real Time Measurements of the Energetic Charged Particles and the Loading Ratio (D/Pd). in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Mo, D. W.
All Authors: Mo, D. W., Zhang, L., Chen, B. X., Liu, Y. S., Doing, S. Y., Yao, M. Y., Zhou, L. Y., Huang, H. G., Li, X. Z., Shen, X. D., Wang, S. C., Kang, T. S., Huang, N. Z.
Keywords: Pd, D2, particle emission, resistivity, ICCF-3

A loading D2 gas system was built, which can measure the gas pressure, the temperature, the loading ratio, the charged particles and bursts, in real-time. The charged particles and burst was searched and the reproducible condition was found preliminary.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=273


1613. Nagasaki, T., R. Yamada, and H. Ohno, Ion-driven Permeation and Surface Recombination Coefficients of Deuterium for Silver. J. Nucl. Mater., 1992. 195: p. 324.

First Author: Nagasaki, T.
All Authors: Nagasaki, T., Yamada, R., Ohno, H.
Keywords: D2, Ag, recombination, Cu, D2, O2


1614. Nakada, M., T. Kusunoki, and M. Okamoto. Energy of the Neutrons Emitted in Heavy Water Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Nakada, M.
All Authors: Nakada, M., Kusunoki, T., Okamoto, M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, energy, electrolysis, ICCF-3

The Low/High pulse mode electrolysis has been introduced to carry out the experimental study to clarify the dependency of the UH pulse modes operation of electrolysis on the neutron emission from the Pd cathodes. Among 6 runs of the electrolysis of VH pulse mode operations, 3 of them gave appreciable neutron emission. The neutron energy spectra were found to have the two compornents (2.45 MeV peak and a broad band in higher energy region). The intensity of the 2.45 MeV neutron is smaller than that of the higher energy.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=179


1615. Nakada, M., et al. A Role of Lithium for the Neutron Emission in Heavy Water Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Nakada, M.
All Authors: Nakada, M., Kusunoki, T., Okamoto, M., Odawara, O.
Keywords: Li, Pd, D2O, neutron, surface analysis, electrolysis, ICCF-3

The depth profile analysis of Pd, Li, and D has been performed by means of SIMS to clarify the roles of lithium in D2O Pd electrolysis for cold fusion research. Very clear differences between the depth profiles of Li and D in the Pd electrode surfaces with the neutron emissions and without it. The depth profiles were also found to depend on the mode of the electric current employed. Based on the above findings, it is discussed that the anomalous deuterium accumulation in the surface region of the Pd with the neutron emission and attributed to the formation of Pd-Li layer in the surface region and to the low/high pulsed mode electrolysis with heavy water with LiOD.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=318


1616. Nakata, T., Y. Tsuchida, and K. Kunimatsu. Absorption of Hydrogen into Palladium Foil Electrode: Effect of Thiourea. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Nakata, T.
All Authors: Nakata, T., Tsuchida, Y., Kunimatsu, K.
Keywords: thiourea, Pd, D2O, loading, overvoltage, ICCF-3

Electrolytic hydrogen absorption into Pd foil (50 μm thickness) was investigated in the absence and presence of 30 μ M thiourea (THU) in 0.5M H2SO4 and 0.4M LiOH. The amount of hydrogen absorbed under cathodic polarization was determined by integrating the ionization current of hydrogen when Pd electrode was polarized anodically.

After THU addition in the acidic and alkaline solution H/Pd increased by about 8% and 5%, respectively.
Further we tried absorption of deuterium into Pd foil and found a similar effect of THU to increase D/Pd only in the acidic solution.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=310


1617. Noninski, V.C., Excess heat during the electrolysis of a light water solution of K2CO3 with a nickel cathode. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 163.

First Author: Noninski, V. C.
All Authors: Noninski, V. C.
Keywords: heat+, Ni, H2O, critique Mills


1618. Notoya, R. and M. Enyo. Excess Heat Production in Electrolysis of Potassium Carbonate Solution with Nickel Electrodes. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Notoya, R.
All Authors: Notoya, R., Enyo, M.
Keywords: transmutation, K2CaO3, Ni, H2O heat electrolysis K, ICCF-3

With the aim of realizing potassium proton cold fusion, the electrolysis of light water solution of potassium carbonate was carried out by means of porous nickel cathode. The cell was called by a constant rate airstream and maintained at 20C during all the electrolysis. Typical results indicated that the excess heat production rate was proportional to the input power in the range of measurements (up to 2 W) and the excess heat observed was 3 to 4 times greater than the input power, after correction for the thermo-neutral potential.

After the electrolysis, the calcium ion concentration in the electrolyte was measured by flame photo spectrometry and the increase of calcium concentration in the electrolytes due to the electrolysis was found to be 3.2 to 4.4 ppm. These amounts are comparable to the amounts of excess heat calculated within the same order of magnitude.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=161


1619. Ohmori, T. and M. Enyo. Excess Heat Production during Electrolysis of H2O on Ni, Au, Ag and Sn Electrodes in Alkaline Media. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Ohmori, T.
All Authors: Ohmori, T., Enyo, M.
Keywords: Ni, Au, Ag, Sn, H2O, heat+, transmutation, KOH, calcium, Ni, H2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3

Excess heat evolution was measured on Ni, Au, Ag and Sn in aqueous K2CO3, Na2SO4 and Li2SO4 solutions under galvanostatic electrolysis conditions. Steady evolution of excess heat in various electrode/electrolyte solutions, but not in nickel, was observed for at least several days of observation. The largest excess heat observed was 907 mW on Sn in K2SO4.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=167


1620. Ota, K., et al. Heat Production at the Heavy Water Electrolysis Using Mechanically Treated Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Ota, K.
All Authors: Ota, K., Kuratsuka, M., Ando, K., Iida, Y., Yoshitake, H., Kamiya, N.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, Pd-Ag, electrolysis, ICCF-3

The heat balances of the heavy water electrolysis by Pd were measured in the closed cell. The excess heat with burst was observed three times out of 13 runs when mechanically treated Pd cathodes were used in 1 M LiOD solution. One of these was for Pd-Ag alloy (90:10) which began at 1,155 h after the start of the electrolysis, lasting for 240 h. The average output power was 105% of the input during that time. The integrated excess heat was calculated to be 185 MJ per cubic centimeter of palladium. In this case the maximum excess power was recorded for this Pd.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=81


1621. Oyama, N., et al. Electrochemical Calorimetry of D2O Electrolysis Using a Palladium Cathode in a Closed Cell System. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Oyama, N.
All Authors: Oyama, N., Terashima, T., Kasahara, S., Hatozaki, O., Ohsaka, T., Tatsuma, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, overvoltage, Li, Al, ICCF-3

Electrolysis of D2O containing LiOD using palladium cathode was studied with a closed type calorimeter. The electric power input was kept constant, and all D2 and O2 generated and liberated to a gas phase were recombined on a catalyst, palladium black supported on a platinum wire. When the electric power of 0.2 W was
employed, excess heat generation (2.4%) was observed once out of 5 experiments. No significant generation of excess heat was observed for LiOH/H2O electrolysis. In the case where the electric power of 0.3 W was employed, excess heat was observed (2.7%) for more than one month in the presence of 200 ppm aluminum. Depositon
of aluminum onto the palladium surface was examined by means of in situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=77


1622. Oyama, N., N. Yamamoto, and T. Tatsuma. In-Situ Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Studies of Water Electrolysis at a Palladium Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Oyama, N.
All Authors: Oyama, N., Yamamoto, N., Tatsuma, T.
Keywords: Pd, Li, D2O, electrolysis, loading, ICCF-3

The in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) technique has been applied to study electrolysis of water containing 0.2 M LiClO4 at Pd cathode. Decrease in resonant frequency was observed during the electrolysis. The decrease was attributed to the mass change involving hydrogen absorption into the palladium and lithium underpotential deposition, the mechanical stress change in the electrode, and the change in roughness of the electrode surface. The stress change, which may be caused by hydrogen uptake, was estimated using palladium film-coated AT- and BT-cut quartz crystal oscillators. The surface roughness change was observed by scanning electron microscopy and a number of cracks and holes were found. Underpotential deposition of lithium was observed in propylene carbonate containing 0.1 M LiClO4 and 16 mg L^-1 water. Contributions of respective factors to the total frequency change was estimated.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=314


1623. Pinch, T.J., Opening black boxes: Science, technology and society. Social Studies of Science, 1992. 22: p. 487.

First Author: Pinch, T. J.
All Authors: Pinch, T. J.
Keywords: history


1624. Pons, S. and M. Fleischmann, Concerning the detection of neutron and gamma-rays from cells containing palladium cathodes polarized in heavy water. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1992. 105A: p. 763.

First Author: Pons, S.
All Authors: Pons, S., Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron gamma emission


1625. Prati, P., et al., Search for neutron emission from titanium-deuterium systems. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1992. 105: p. 293.

First Author: Prati, P.
All Authors: Prati, P., Ricco, G., Taiuti, M., Boragno, C., Eggenhoffner, R., Valbusa, U.
Keywords: neutron method, titanium, D2


1626. Preparata, G. Towards a Theory of Cold Fusion Phenomena. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory


1627. Qiu, W.C., et al., PAS studies on the new topic: Cold nuclear fusion. Mat. Sci. Forum, 1992. 105-110: p. 1961.

First Author: Qiu, W. C.
All Authors: Qiu, W. C., Dong, Q. H., Gan, F. X., Wang, S. J.
Keywords: positron annihilation, Pd, D2O, electrolysis


1628. Ragland, E. A Physical Description of Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Ragland, E.
All Authors: Ragland, E.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

Cold nuclear fusion of deuterium in an electrolysis cell with palladium electrodes is described as a comprehensive sequence of physical phenomena.

1 . Electrolysis generates many more cations than are necessary to sustain ionization in the cell. The excess cations are adsorbed on the cathode surface where they create an electrical charge Qo of "overvoltage" Eo.

2 A small fraction (0.01 to 0.1%) of the adsorbed cations, which are thousands of times smaller than typical electrolysis cations and driven by meV adsorption kinetics, penetrate several hundred lattice layers into the cathode metal. These nuclei absorb into the metal until its capacity C (nt) saturates. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=383


1629. Rambaut, M. Lawson Criterion Made Obsolete by Cold Fusion through the Double Screening Process. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Rambaut, M.
All Authors: Rambaut, M.
Keywords: theory, screening, ICCF-3

It is shown that the same phenomenon has been observed in cold fusion and also in other rather different experiments. The necessity to take into account the electron participation in nuclear fusion process in dense media is ensuing from this result. It implies that the fusion reaction rate, necessary for obtaining the Lawson criterion in the thermonuclear case, is not any valid for those experiments: so a new formula is proposed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=337


1630. Rambaut, M., Double screened Coulomb barrier accounts for neutrons productions in cluster and other fusion experiments. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 164: p. 155.

First Author: Rambaut, M.
All Authors: Rambaut, M.
Keywords: theory


1631. Ray, M.K.S., et al., The Fleischmann-Pons phenomenon - a different perspective. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 395.

First Author: Ray, M. K. S.
All Authors: Ray, M. K. S., Saini, R. D., Das, D., Chattopadhyay, G., Parthasarathy, R., Garg, S. P., Venkataramani, R., Sen, B. K., Iyengar, T. S., Kutty, K. K., Wagh, D. N., Bajpai, H. N., Iyer, C. S. P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, neutron, heat


1632. Riley, A.M., J.D. Seader, and D.W. Pershing, An in-situ volumetric method for dynamically measuring the absorption of deuterium in palladium during electrolysis. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1992. 139: p. 1342.

First Author: Riley, A. M.
All Authors: Riley, A. M., Seader, J. D., Pershing, D. W.
Keywords: loading, Pd, method, review, diffusion


1633. Roberts, D.A., et al., Deuterated liquid scintillator (NE230) as a fast neutron detector for cold- fusion and other research. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., 1992. 39(4): p. 532.

First Author: Roberts, D. A.
All Authors: Roberts, D. A., Becchetti, F. D., Ashktorab, K., Stewart, D., Jaenecke, J., Gustafson, H. R., Dueweke, M. J.
Keywords: neutron, method, titanium, electrolysis, Pd, D2


1634. Romodanov, V.A., et al. Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Romodanov, V. A.
All Authors: Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Timofeev, Yu.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

On the basis of the analysis of the energy lost by a fast particle and a solid it is supposed that the most probable energy range for the reactions of nuclear fusion in the condensed media is in the range of the reduced energy of the interacting particles from E0 to E2 (~(10-400 * 16 * 10^-19 J for D-D reactions) . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=54


1635. Rousseau, D.L., Case studies in pathological science. Am. Sci., 1992. 80: p. 54.

First Author: Rousseau, D. L.
All Authors: Rousseau, D. L.
Keywords: history


1636. Rout, R.K., et al. Phenomenon of Low Energy Emission from Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Palladium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Rout, R. K.
All Authors: Rout, R. K., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Garg, A. B.
Keywords: autoradiograph, film, electron emission, PdD, radiation. ICCF-3

Palladium loaded with either hydrogen or deuterium is found to give a clear autoradiograph on exposure to X-ray film. The phenomena is found to be 100% reproducible and is independent of the technique of loading, be it electrolytic, gas loading, plasma discharge or ion implantation. It appears only if the exposure to X-ray film is done in atmosphere of hydrogen, oxygen or air. These emissions are also detected by TLD measurements. Investigations seeking to identify the nature/energy of the radiation through transmission measurements using various filters tentatively indicate that the radiations could be low energy electrons having an energy of around 300 to 400 eV.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKphenomenon.pdf


1637. Sakaguchi, H., G. Adachi, and K. Nagao. Helium Isotopes from Deuterium Absorbed in LaNi5. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Sakaguchi, H.
All Authors: Sakaguchi, H., Adachi, G., Nagao, K.
Keywords: Helium, D2, LaNi5 ICCF-3

Helium isotopes (3He and 4He) from D2 and H2 gases absorbed in LaNi4 were analyzed with a noble gas mass spectrometer. The reproducible increase in 3He, corresponding to a fusion probability of > 8.010^-24 d-d*s^-1, was observed on the D2-experiment, whereas 3He was not formed by the reaction of H2 and LaNi5. 4He production was unreliable, because the reproducibility of the result has not been obtained.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=265


1638. Sano, T., et al. Preparation of Pd Electrodes and Their Hydrogen Loading Rates. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Sano, T.
All Authors: Sano, T., Terasuwa, T., Ohi, T., Nezu, S.
Keywords: loading, Pd-Ag, Pd-Ce, Pd, H2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3

We prepared a series of palladium-based rods with various compositions and processing histories as cathode for water electrolysis. These rods were evaluated in terms of hydrogen loading ratio (H/Pd). The hydrogen loading ratios of Pd-Ag and Pd-Ce alloys were compared with that of a pure Pd rod. The hydrogen loading ratios of Pd rods were subjected to a kneeling and/or cold-working (swaging) are also compared with that of a cast Pd rod. The results show that the alloying markedly reduces the loading ratio, and neither a kneeling (350 - 650C) your swaging (up to the processing ratio of 98%) produces a distinct effect.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=306


1639. Scaramuzzi, F. Cold Fusion Research in Italy. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Scaramuzzi, F.
All Authors: Scaramuzzi, F.
Keywords: review, Italy, ICCF-3

In the past 3 years many experiments have been performed in the field known with the conventional name of "cold fusion" (CF), and a number of theories have attempted to interpret them and to assess them in a coherent picture. Differently from other fields in science, this area has grown in a quite strange atmosphere: the most striking aspect of it is the anomalous "geography" of the activities, meaning by this term the different kind of development that research activities in this field have had in different countries.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=97


1640. Seo, M. and M. Aomi, Piezelectric response to surface stress change of a palladium electrode in sulfate aqueous solutions. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1992. 139(4): p. 1087.

First Author: Seo, M.
All Authors: Seo, M., Aomi, M.
Keywords: loading,, Pd


1641. Sevilla, J., et al. Time-Evolution of Tritium Concentration in the Electrolyte of Prolonged Cold Fusion Experiments and its Relation to Ti Cathode Surface Treatment. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Sevilla, J.
All Authors: Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: titanium, tritium, D2O, separation method ICCF-3 separation factor electrolysis

Tritium concentration in the electrolyte has been carefully monitored in more than twenty electrolytic cold fusion experiments accomplished in open cells. In order to distinguish between T-natural enrichment (isotopic enrichment) and any other T source inside the cell a macroscopic theoretical model is proposed to analyze the experimental data. It is concluded that T-concentration variations in the electrolyte above the level due to natural enrichment can be detected with confidence and therefore that open-cell experiments are convenient to investigate T -production. In addition, some empirical correlations between model parameters (measured separation factors) and cathode surface treatments prior to experiment have been found.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=245


1642. Shaheen, M. and M. Ragheb, Anomalous deuteron to hydrogen ratio in naturally occurring fission reactions and the possibility of deuteron disintegration. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1992. 158: p. 323.

First Author: Shaheen, M.
All Authors: Shaheen, M., Ragheb, M.
Keywords: geology, theory


1643. Shibata, T., et al., A low background neutron measuring system and its application to the detection of neutrons produced by the D2O electrolysis. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1992. 316: p. 337.

First Author: Shibata, T.
All Authors: Shibata, T., Imamura, M., Shibata, S., Uwamino, Y., Ohkubo, T., Satoh, S., Yamakoshi, K., Oyama, N., Ohsaka, T., Yamamoto, N., Hatozaki, O., Niimura, N.
Keywords: neutron, method, electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O


1644. Shirakawa, T., et al. Neutron Emission from Crushing Process of High Piezoelectric Matter in Deuterium Gas. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Shirakawa, T.
All Authors: Shirakawa, T., Chiba, M., Fujii, M., Sueki, K., Miyamoto, S., Nakamitsu, Y., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Fukushima, K., Hirose, T.
Keywords: LiNbO3, D2, fractofusion, neutron, ball mill, ICCF-3

We studied neutron emission from a crushing process of a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) single crystal in deuterium gas atmosphere. We observed excess neutrons 3 counts / h with a confidence level of 99.95% that correspond 120 neutrons / h emission from process.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=207


1645. Sioda, R.E. and T.Z. Fahidy, A simplified approach to the thermal behaviour of electrolytic Dewar cell calorimeters. J. Appl. Electrochem., 1992. 22: p. 347.

First Author: Sioda, R. E.
All Authors: Sioda, R. E., Fahidy, T. Z.
Keywords: heat, method


1646. Smedley, S.I., et al. The January 2, 1992, Explosion in a Deuterium/Palladium Electrolytic System at SRI International. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Smedley, S. I.
All Authors: Smedley, S. I., Crouch-Baker, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L.
Keywords: explosion, SRI, accident, ICCF-3

This paper reviews the accident that occurred at SRI International on January 2, 1992. A plausible explanation for the cause of the accident is proposed, and recommendat ions are made pertaining to the safety of future experiments. These recommendations relate to the design of electrolysis experiments, and to the behavior of recombination catalysts, and may provide useful guidelines for other workers in the field.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=147


1647. Soyfer, V.N., et al., Neutron emission during heavy water electrolysis. Appl. Radiat. Isot., 1992. 43: p. 1041.

First Author: Soyfer, V. N.
All Authors: Soyfer, V. N., Goryachev, V. A., Salyuk, A. N., Sergeyev, A. F.
Keywords: electrolysis, titanium D2O, neutron, Ti-V, Pt, Vanadium


1648. Srinivasan, M., et al. Tritium and Excess Heat Generation During Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions of Alkali Salts With Nickel Cathode. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Srinivasan, M.
All Authors: Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Sankaranarayanan, T. K., Bajpai, M. B., Ramamurthy, H., Mukherjee, U. K., Krishnan, M. S., Nayar, M. G., Naik, Y. P.
Keywords: heat+, tritium, Ni, H2O, ICCF-3

A number of open cell electrolysis experiments of the Mills and Kneizys type using Nickel as cathode, Pt wire as anode and aqueous solutions of carbonates of Potassium, Sodium and Lithium (natural and enriched) as electrolyte have been carried out in three different laboratories at Trombay. The cells were fabricated out of commercial dewar vacuum flasks. The difference in temperature at equilibrium between the operating cells and that of an identical dummy reference flask was measured to deduce excess heat. The cells were calibrated using resistance heaters. In all, studies have been carried out so far in 29 electrolytic cells with various electrolytes. In some cases a mixture of H20 and D20 was used. The cells were operated for a few weeks at a time and excess heat up to a maximum of 70% appears to be present in most cells when the input joule power is upto a watt or two. The current density was less than 40 mA/cm^2.

Electrolyte samples before and after electrolysis were analysed for tritium content after microdistillation to eliminate chemiluminiscence effects. Samples from 18 out of 29 experiments analysed have indicated tritium levels varying in the region of 46 Bq/ml to 3390 Bq/ml. One cell with enriched Li2C03 solution in H20 which was monitored continuously for over a month indicated that tritium generation is continuous. Although the highest amount of tritium produced so far was with a K2C03 in 25% D20 cell, the generation of tritium in cells containing only H20 is a new finding.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=131


1649. Stella, B., et al. The FERMI Apparatus and a Measurement of Tritium Production in an Electrolytic Experiment. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Stella, B.
All Authors: Stella, B., Alessio, M., Carradi, M., Croce, F., Ferrarotto, F., Improta, S., Iucci, N., Milone, V., Villoresi, G., Celani, F., Spallone, A.
Keywords: tritium, Pd, D2O, neutron, electrolysis, expansion, ICCF-3

FERMI is a 7 BF3, 2 3He apparatus with high detection efficiency for moderated neutrons, pulse shape acquisition and good sensitivity to neutron bursts; it also performs a good statistical reconstruction of the average neutron energy. Gamma rays are detected by a complementary low background NaI detector. The total neutron background measured by the apparatus in the Gran Sasso INFN underground laboratory amounts to 0.09 Hz.

A few different experiments have been performed with the same detector (see also the following contribution).

A D2O-LiOD electrolysis with Pd cathode have been realized with emphasis on the cleanliness of all components. D2 and O2 produce gases were recombined using a room temperature catalyzer and the resulting water was monitored twice a day for tritium content; the same was done for samples of the electrolytic solution.
Loading the Pd with variable currents, and a long patient of 130 μm (with much larger radial broadening) was observed in the first few days accompanied by a 60 - 100% tritium excess detected in the recombined water. The measured neutron rate in the same period was consistent with the background.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=241


1650. Stella, B., et al. Evidence for Stimulated Emission of Neutrons in Deuterated Palladium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Stella, B.
All Authors: Stella, B., Corradi, M., Ferrarotto, F., Milone, V., Celani, F., Spallone, A.
Keywords: PdD, D, neutron, irradiation, Pd, ICCF-3

In order to study the effect of palladium in cold fusion, metallic deuterated Pd samples have been irradiated with partly moderated Am/Be neutrons and the resulting neutron intensity has been measured by the Fermi apparatus, an efficient and sophisticated detector for motivated neutrons.

Once subtracted from the vessel + (empty) Pd effect measured in "blank" runs, and excess of 13.0 0.6 neutrons per second (~4% of the total measured rate close percent has been detected. Assuming 2.45 MeV energy for the electrons emitted by the radiated sample, the resulting rate corresponds to several outgoing neutrons for every neutron impinging on the Pd-D sample. Similar measurements with cadmium absorber gave lower effects. We dont observe any effect with gaseous deuterium.

The underlying process can be interpreted as d-d fusion in a Pd-D lattice perturbed by neutrons. The excess, predominantly due to thermal incident neutrons, demonstrates that the palladium lattice strongly increases the probability for d-d fusion even almost at rest.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=176


1651. Storms, E. Measurement of Excess Heat from a Pons-Fleischmann Type Electrolytic Cell. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: Pd D2O heat electrolysis, ICCF-3

Two samples of Pd were obtained from Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K. K. (Japan). One sample gave 20% excess heat before the run was prematurely terminated and the other sample gave no excess heat. The sample giving excess energy contained only 0.8% excess volume while the nonproductive sample had 13.5 % excess volume.

The calorimeter is dosed in an energy sense, pressured with D2, and stirred. Calibration was done before, during and after heat measurement. Four different calibration procedures were used including a blank using a platinum cathode. Temperature gradients were monitored and found to change when excess heat was produced. This change strongly suggests that normal electrolysis releases energy mainly at the anode while excess heat is released mainly at the cathode. The bulk D/Pd ratio was measured during initial charging and was found to reach 0.82. Voltage difference between cathode and reference electrode was measured and indicates that the deuterium concentration gradient is small during initial charging at 0.02A/cm^2.

Excess volume in each palladium cathode was measured after each study. Heat production is proposed to be prevented if excess volume is too large.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=32


1652. Sun, D.L., et al., A study of existing forms of deuterium in palladium by positron lifetime spectroscopy. Chin. Sci. Bull., 1992. 37: p. 1073.

First Author: Sun, D. L.
All Authors: Sun, D. L., Lei, Y. Q., Chen, Y. L., Wu, J., Wang, Q. D., Lu, X. N.
Keywords: PdD, structure, position


1653. Swartz, M.R., Quasi-one-dimensional model of electrochemical loading of isotopic fuel into a metal. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 296.

First Author: Swartz, M. R.
All Authors: Swartz, M. R.
Keywords: theory, electrolysis, Pd, structure


1654. Szeflinski, Z., et al., Upper limit of neutron emission from the chemical reaction of LiD with heavy water. Phys. Lett. A, 1992. 168: p. 83.

First Author: Szeflinski, Z.
All Authors: Szeflinski, Z., Kozlowski, M., Osuch, S., Sawicki, P., Szeflinska, G., Wilhelmi, Z., Starowieyski, K. B., Tkacz, M.
Keywords: LiD, chemical, neutron


1655. Szpak, S., P.A. Mosier-Boss, and S.R. Scharber, Charging of the Pd/(n)H system: role of the interphase. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 337: p. 147.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Scharber, S. R.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, surface, OCV, loading

This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in:

Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research.

The dynamics of transport of electrochemically generated deuterium across the electrode/electrolyte interphase was examined by slow scan (10 mV s-1) voltammetry. The investigation covers the potential range -1.2 to +0.4 V measured vs. an Ag/AgCl reference. It was found that a coupled, twolayer model of the interphase describes the observed behavior as a function of scan rate and electrolyte composition. The effect of chemisorbing species, e.g. CN- ions, as well as reactive species, e.g. SC(NH_)2, on the transport across the interphase is also discussed. Results are contrasted with those obtained for light water.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSchargingof.pdf


1656. Szpak, S., P.A. Mosier-Boss, and J.J. Smith. Comments on Methodology of Excess Tritium Determination. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J.
Keywords: tritium, detection, method, ICCF-3

This paper is available as a single file (here), and it is included in:

Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research.

Three methods of tritium data analysis are consideredcomparison between experimental and theoretical data, total mass balance and curve-fitting.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakScommentson.pdf


1657. Takahashi, A. Nuclear Products by D2O/Pd Electrolysis and Multibody Fusion. in Int. Symp. Nonlinear Phenom. in Electromagnetic Fields. 1992. ISEM-Nagoya.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A.
Keywords: pulse, neutron, heat+, D2O, Pd


1658. Takahashi, A., Cold fusion research: Recent progress. Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, 1992. 68(4): p. 360 (in Japanese).

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat, neutron, loading


1659. Takahashi, A., et al., Excess heat and nuclear products by D2O/Pd electrolysis and multibody fusion. Int. J. Appl. Electromagn. Mater., 1992. 3: p. 221.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A., Iida, T., Takeuchi, T., Mega, A.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron, heat+, theory

An excess heat of 100 W/cc level, 1.7 times the input power in average, and 160 MJ in total was observed for about two months by the L-H mode pulse electrolysis of a D2O/Pd cell with plane-symmetric configuration of D-loading into the Pd cathode. Very weak neutron emission was detected to show an inversely proportional correlation to the excess heat variation. To explain the observed anomalous results including our past results, the theoretical model of competing multibody deuteron fusions in transient PdDx lattice has been extended. It can explain most experimental results. Cold fusion may be the multibody fusion of hydrogen isotopes in the metal lattice.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAexcessheat.pdf


1660. Takahashi, A., et al. Anomalous Excess Heat by D2O/Pd Cell Under L-H Mode Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A., Mega, A., Takeuchi, T., Miyamaru, H., Iida, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, tritium, neutron, T/n, electrolysis, ICCF-3

A Pd sheet cathode centered within a Pt-wired anode in D2O/LiOD electrolyte was used with the L-H mode pulse operation.  Anomalously large excess heat (32 watts in average for 2 months, 100 - 130 watts at peaks and averaged output/input power ratio 1.7) was once observed, associated with very low neutron emission (~1 n/s). To investigate the reproducibility of this experiment, a second experiment with minor changes in cell design was undertaken for 4 months. We reproduced excess heat, however at much smaller levels (8 watts on average and 15 watts at peak), but with neutron emission rates that were twice as large as measured previously. Possible changes in the conditions of the two experiments are discussed; i.e., cell voltages and over-potentials, formation of thin MOS film on the Pd cathode surface and a mechanism enhancing the D/Pd ratio. Excess power density per cm^2 of cathode surface showed systematic change as a function of surface current density. This trend is consistent with results from many other authors.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAanomalouse.pdf


1661. Tamaki, M. and K. Tasaka. Field Formation of the Condensed Matter Fusion by Electro-Transport of Deuterium in Palladium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Tamaki, M.
All Authors: Tamaki, M., Tasaka, K.
Keywords: Pd, H, charge, structure, PdH, electromigration, ICCF-3, effective charge

A model of cold fusion was proposed. Electrotransport effect on deuterium in palladium was crystallographically examined and verified for the field formation of the condensed matter fusion. Electrotransported palladium hydride was analyzed by neutron radiographic technique. The effective number of the electric charge of hydrogen in PdH0.67 was evaluated to be +0.30 0.05.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=392


1662. Tanaka, M., Parametric enhancement of the tunneling transmission through a potential barrier. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1992. 29: p. 1129.

First Author: Tanaka, M.
All Authors: Tanaka, M.
Keywords: theory, tunnelling


1663. Tani, T. and Y. Kobayashi. Tunnel Disintegration and Neutron Emission Probability. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Tani, T.
All Authors: Tani, T., Kobayashi, Y.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

It is shown that the main features of the so-called cold fusion, that is, poor reproducibility, high tin ratio and the energy spectrum of neutrons, can be explained by the "tunnel disintegration" of a deuterium and the subsequent "dipole disintegration" of a deuteron. Especially, the 2.45-MeV peak found in the energy spectrum, which has been considered to be owing to the d-d nuclear fusion, is explained by this mechanism, and therefore the observation of 2.45-MeV neutrons may not be a direct verification of the d-d nuclear fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=325


1664. Taniguchi, R. and T. Yamamoto. Fine Structure of the Charged Particle Bursts Induced by D2O Electrolysis. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Taniguchi, R.
All Authors: Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3

Internal structures of charged particle bursts induced by the D2O electrolysis have been studied by use of a fast response measurement system. Charged particles were detected by a NE102a plastic scintillation counter. The electrolysis was continued at low temperature at 4C for 3 hours. After then, the cell was warmed up to several ten degrees of Celsius scale. During the warming-up, we caught some anomalous pulse emissions of charged particles. The pulse shapes of the bursts were found to be complicated and the duration of the bursts was distributed from 40 to 100 nanosecond . Comparison of these pulse shapes and standard response for a single particle suggests that the burst is a pile-up pulse and consists of many particles.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=257


1665. Tian, Z.Q., A proposal for a cold fusion study in the Ti/D system. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 92.

First Author: Tian, Z. Q.
All Authors: Tian, Z. Q.
Keywords: theory, titanium, D2


1666. Tsarev, V.A. Cold Fusion Researches in Russia. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: review, Russia, USSR, ICCF-3

A review of cold fusion research in the former Soviet Union during the past year is presented.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=86


1667. Tsarev, V.A., Anomalous nuclear effects in solids ("cold fusion"): questions still remain. Sov. Phys. Usp., 1992. 35: p. 842.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: critique, review


1668. Tsarev, V.A. and V.A. Chechin, On the nonstationary quantum-mechanical nature of anomalous nuclear effects in a solid. Kratk. Soobshch. Fiz., 1992. 9-10: p. 47 (in Russian).

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A., Chechin, V. A.
Keywords: theory


1669. Tsarev, V.A. and D.H. Worledge, Cold fusion studies in the USSR. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 138.

First Author: Tsarev, V. A.
All Authors: Tsarev, V. A., Worledge, D. H.
Keywords: review


1670. Tsuchiya, K., K. Ohashi, and M. Fukuchi. Mechanism of Cold Fusion in Palladium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Tsuchiya, K.
All Authors: Tsuchiya, K., Ohashi, K., Fukuchi, M.
Keywords: theory, structure, ICCF-3

A new interpretation of cold nuclear fusion at the center of the boson cluster was given by R. T. Bush et al. The modified theory is given in this paper by adding the effect of screened d-d repulsion. Tunneling probability and power density of cold nuclear fusion in palladium are obtained, and the role of screening effect is found to be very important.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=368


1671. Uchida, H., et al. Detection of Radioactive Emissions in the Electrolytic Deuteriding-Dedeuteriding Reactions of Pd and Ti. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Uchida, H.
All Authors: Uchida, H., Hamada, Y., Matsumura, Y., Hayashi, T.
Keywords: Pd, titanium, D2O, gamma emission, electrolysis, radiation ICCF-3

This report demonstrates the occurrence of radioactive emissions detected by GM (Geiger Mueller) counter in the electrolytic deuteriding de-deutreriding reactions of Pd and Ti. For the Pd samples annealed or cold worked, the excess counts higher than BG (background levels = 32 2 cpm) by factors 1.5 to 2 in average were measured almost continuously and reproducibly during the pulses modulated electrolysis over 600 mA/cm^2. The excess counts were measured for a wild even after electrolysis. For the Ti samples annealed or cold worked, the burst-like GM counts over 200 cpm were often measured at low current densities below 10 mA/cm^2. The much higher burst-like GM counts over 1500 cpm were measured after electrolysis.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=277


1672. Uhm, H.S. and W.M. Lee, High concentration of deuterium in palladium. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 75.

First Author: Uhm, H. S.
All Authors: Uhm, H. S., Lee, W. M.
Keywords: loading, Pd, PdD, PdD2


1673. Vigier, J.P. New Hydrogen Energies in Specially Structured Dense Media: Capillary Chemistry and Capillary Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Vigier, J. P.
All Authors: Vigier, J. P.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

The analysis of presently observed facts suggests that excess heat (above breakeven) and con commitment cold fusion processes result from two different mechanisms which have a common origin in E. M. Current behavior in dense media (the Ampere forces). They both result from already known properties of nuclear forces and quantum mechanics.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=71


1674. Vokhnik, O.M., et al., Search for effects related to nuclear fusion in the optical breakdown of heavy water. Sov. J. Nucl. Phys., 1992. 55(12): p. 1772.

First Author: Vokhnik, O. M.
All Authors: Vokhnik, O. M., Goryachev, B. I., Zubrilo, A. A., Kutznetsova, G. P., Popov, Yu. V., Svertilov, S. I.
Keywords: laser, neutron, D2O


1675. Waber, J.T. Solid State Boson Condensation Model of Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Waber, J. T.
All Authors: Waber, J. T.
Keywords: theory, boson, ICCF-3

This theoretical study is based on the second suggest ion of Leaf Turner which was independently developed by Chubb and Chubb. It lead to the selection rule, Bosons In, Bosons out, which helps to explain the low yield of tritons, protons, neutrons and 3He. The production of the boson 4He has now been correlated with simultaneous production of excess heat.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=362


1676. Wan, C.M., et al. Anomalous Heat Generation/Absorption in Pd/Pd/LiOD/D2O/Pd Electrolysis System. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Wan, C. M.
All Authors: Wan, C. M., Chen, S. K., Liang, C. Y., Linn, C. J., Chu, S. B., Wan, C. C.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, ICCF-3

The annealed PD cathode, which was deuterium-loaded for 3500 min, showed anomalous heat generation. Anomalous heat absorption was regularly repeated from 4000th to 7500th min of deuterium loading in the same cell. The current density was 2700 mA/cm^2. Total heat production was 0.3 to 3.3 MJ. He production of PD per-unit volume was 3.2 to 35.2 kJ/mm^3. Total absorption was 22 kJ and absorption density was 217 J/mm^3 in a typical absorption.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=129


1677. Wan, C.M., et al. Repeated Heat Bursts in the Electrolysis of D2O. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Wan, C. M.
All Authors: Wan, C. M., Lihn, C. J., Chin, Z. H., Liang, C. Y., Chen, S. K., Wan, C. C., Perng, T. P.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat, stress, electrolysis, ICCF-3

Electrolysis of D2O with Pd rod was performed under static or dynamic charging condition. The current densities were increased in steps in a long duration of electrolysis. During static charging, the Pd electrode was removed from the cell and partially outgassed in air. Resumpt ion of the charging produced several repeated heat bursts. In the dynamic test, cyclic torsion was applied to the Pd electrode during the charging . No abnormal reaction was found during the torsion , but sometimes repeated occurrance of heat burst was observed after the cease of torsion. Possible causes for the heat bursts are proposed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=85


1678. Wang, D.L., et al. Experimental Studies on the Anomalous Phenomenon in Pd Metal Loaded with Deuterium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Wang, D. L.
All Authors: Wang, D. L., Chen, S. H., Fan, D., Chen, W. J., Li, Y. J., Fu, Y. B., Zhang, X.-W.
Keywords: Pd, titanium, D2 D2O, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, X-ray ICCF-3

The anomalous phenomenon in metal loaded with deuterium has been studied, using the electrolysis and the cycle method of temperature and pressure (CMPT). In this report, the experimental results are introduced, including the explosion occurred, and neutron and tritium measured in electrolysis experiment. The sensitization phenomenon of x-ray film was found in CMPT experiment. It is considered that the reason of sensitization is derived from the chemical reaction and the anomalous effect in metal loaded with deuterium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=175


1679. Wasserman, A., Electrochemical method of reducing aluminum oxide and producing additional energy. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 168.

First Author: Wasserman, A.
All Authors: Wasserman, A.
Keywords: heat, Al, electrolysis


1680. Watanabe, K., et al. A Search for Fracture-Induced Nuclear Fusion in Some Deuterium-Loaded Materials. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Watanabe, K.
All Authors: Watanabe, K., Fukai, Y., Niimura, N., Konno, O.
Keywords: titanium, YBa2Cu3O7, D2, fractofusion, neutron ball mill friction ICCF-3

Attempts to detect neutron emission attributable to D-D nuclear fusion accompanying fracture of deuterium-loaded materials have been carried out using a ball mill specially designed for this purpose.

Chips of Ti, Ti-alloys, Y and YBa2Cu3O7-x, loaded with deuterium were crushed in the ball mill to about 10 μm in size it about 60 or 120 minutes, and neutrons were counted by an array of 4 ~ 12 3He detectors surrounding the ball mill. The signal-counting efficiency was 0.3 ~ 4%.

No positive signature has been obtained for the occurrence of fracture-induced fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=211


1681. Wilson, R.H., et al., Analysis of experiments on the calorimetry of LiOD-D2O electrochemical cells. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992. 332: p. 1.

First Author: Wilson, R. H.
All Authors: Wilson, R. H., Bray, J. W., Kosky, P. G., Vakil, H. B., Will, F. G.
Keywords: critique, heat, Fleischmann, electrolysis, Pd, heat, D2O


1682. Yabuuchi, N. Quantum Mechanics on Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Yabuuchi, N.
All Authors: Yabuuchi, N.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

According to plasma thermonuclear fusion, the deutron collide with target deutron, needs high temperature thermal energy, because the deutron change thermal energy into movement energy.

But, nuclear fusion based on the characteristic of deutron as wave which does not need hightemperature thermal energy. because amplitude of wave cause the nuclear fusion easy. and the amplitude of wave field of deautrons resulting in tunneling effect. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=376


1683. Yamada, H., et al. Neutron Emission from Palladium Electrodes in Deuterium Gas under Highly Non-uniform Electric Field. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Yamada, H.
All Authors: Yamada, H., Sugaya, N., Kamioka, T., Matsukawa, M., Fujiwara, T., Noto, K.
Keywords: Gas discharge, Pd, neutron, D2, ICCF-3

The fusion reproducibility in palladium (Pd) has been searched with the detection of excess and neutron for point-to-plane electrode configuration in deuterium (D2) and in hydrogen (H2) gas atmosphere using a Pd, nickel (Ni) and tungsten (W) point. Excess neutron counts were observed using D2 loaded Pd points under DC high voltage applications. To the contrary, no count except background was observed with other points under the similar test condition. The observed highest counting rate was 61 counts for 10 seconds from the Pd is equivalent to the neutron emission of ~ 110 ^5 n/(s*cm^3).

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=203


1684. Yamaguchi, E. and T. Nishioka. Direct Evidence for Nuclear Fusion Reactions in Deuterated Palladium. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Yamaguchi, E.
All Authors: Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2, Helium, particle emission ICCF-3

Using our own "in vacuo" method with a heterostructure of deuterated Pd (Pd:D), we have succeeded in the first highly reproducible and "in situ" detection of 4He production. The real time observation has been performed by high-resolution quadrupole mass spectroscopy (0.001 amu at 4 amu). The amount of 4He gas produced was closely correlated with the evolution of excess heat, and it increased with the loading ratio of D to Pd. At the highest loading ratio of D to Pd, we have also observed T production by detecting HT. The amount of HT increased in the final stages of 4He production. The system of H-loaded Pd (Pd:H) heterostructure, on the other hand, produced neither 4He nor T. Furthermore, the energy spectrum of charged particles detected during these experiments has revealed that a particles with an energy of 4.5-6 Me V and protons with an energy of 3 Me V were emitted from the oxide surface of Pd. The amount, however, was extremely small in comparison with that of 4He detected. These results indicate that a new class of nuclear fusion occurs in the Pd:D and Pd:H systems.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=185


1685. Yang, J., (2)(1)H-e touched capturing and (2)(1)H-(2)(0)N fusion. Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Norm. Hunanensis, 1992. 15(1): p. 18.

First Author: Yang, J.
All Authors: Yang, J.
Keywords: Theory, dineutron


1686. Yasui, K. Fractofusion Mechanism. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Yasui, K.
All Authors: Yasui, K.
Keywords: fractofusion, theory, ICCF-3

The fractofusion mechanism of Cold Fusion is investigated theoretically. The conditions necessary for fractofusion are clarified. The origin and quantity of the electrical field inside cracks in the conductor are clarified also. The characteristics of Cold Fusion are explained by the mechanism. Almost all the total neutron yields experimentally observed are smaller than the upper limit predicted by the fractofusion mechanism. It indicates that they can be explained by the fractofusion mechanism.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=341


1687. Yasui, K., Fractofusion mechanism. Fusion Technol., 1992. 22: p. 400.

First Author: Yasui, K.
All Authors: Yasui, K.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


1688. Yuan, L.J., et al. Neutron Monitoring on Cold-Fusion Experiments. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Yuan, L. J.
All Authors: Yuan, L. J., Wan, C. M., Liang, C. Y., Chen, S. K.
Keywords: neutron, Fused Salt, Pd, heat, replication, ICCF-3

A helium-three proportional detector was equipped with the experiment of Liaw-type of electrolytic cell contained eutectic LiCl-KCl molten salt saturated by LiD electrolytic to collect the information's of the rate and the energy distribution of possible neutron produced during the electrolysis process.

For a long time monitoring, the significant reproducible neutron bursts appeared at several runs of cells during electrolytic processing. The neutron counting rate increased about a factor of two above the level of the background measurement. The pulse height signals were verified of neutron energy ranging from thermal up to 350 keV.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=199


1689. Zhang, Q.F., et al. The Detection of 4-He in Ti-Cathode on Cold Fusion. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Zhang, Q. F.
All Authors: Zhang, Q. F., Gou, Q. Q., Zhu, Z. H., Xio, B. L., Lou, J. M., Liu, F. S., S., J. X., Ning, Y. G., Xie, H., Wang, Z. G.
Keywords: titanium, D2O, heat+, Helium electrolysis ICCF-3

The Ti- cathode has been examined after electrolysis with remarkable phenomenon of "excess heat" by SIMS. The special mass peak of 4 amu in SIMS spectra of Ti- cathode has been detected by a series of experiments. It's concluded that the mass peak of 4 amu is the mass peak of 4He in Ti-Cathode produced in cold fusion.

To avoid interference of Dz and HzD with 4He in SIMS spectra , the negative SIMS spectra are used in the detection of 4He.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=269


1690. Zhang, W.X., Possibility of phase transitions inducing cold fusion in palladium/deuterium systems. Fusion Technol., 1992. 21: p. 82.

First Author: Zhang, W. X.
All Authors: Zhang, W. X.
Keywords: theory, phase change


1691. Zhang, X., et al. On the Explosion in a Deuterium/Palladium Electrolytic System. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Zhang, X.
All Authors: Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S., Wang, D., Chen, S., Fu, Y., Fan, D., Chen, W.
Keywords: explosion, Pd, D2O, ICCF-3

An explosion in a D/Pd electrolytic system is analyzed; it is not a chemical explosion but a cold fusion reaction. A possible mechanism of cold fusion is presented.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangXontheexplo.pdf


1692. Zhang, Z.-L. and S.I. Liu. Thermodynamic Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion (C.N.F.). in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, "Frontiers of Cold Fusion". 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

First Author: Zhang, Z.-L.
All Authors: Zhang, Z.-L., Liu, S. I.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-3

A new discipline known as solid-state theory of thermodynamics has been established in the period (1979-1991) by Shu-I Lui. . . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=353


1693. Zywocinski, A., et al., Calorimetric measurements during long-term electrolysis of some LiOD solutions. Thermochim. Acta, 1992. 197: p. 277.

First Author: Zywocinski, A.
All Authors: Zywocinski, A., Li, H. L., Campbell, P., Chambers, J. Q., Van Hook, W. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, He, tritium, heat-


1694. Akita, H., et al. Electrolytic Hydrogen/Deuterium Absorption into Pd, Pd-Rh, and Pd-Ag Alloys in Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Akita, H.
All Authors: Akita, H., Tsuchida, Y., Nakata, T., Kubota, A., Kobayashi, M., Yamamoto, Y., Hasegawa, N., Hayakawa, N., Kunimatsu, K.
Keywords: Pd, Pd-Ag, Pd-Rh, loading, Au, ICCF-4, electrolysis, D2O, H2O


1695. Alguero, M., et al. On the Subsistence of Anomalous Nuclear Effects After Interrupting the Electrolysis in F-P Type Experiments with Deuterated Ti Cathodes. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Alguero, M.
All Authors: Alguero, M., Fernandez, F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: Ti D2O, loading neutron ICCF-4 electrolysis


1696. Antanasijevic, R.D., et al., Preliminary observations on possible implications of new Bohr orbits (resulting from electromagnetic spin-spin and spin-orbit coupling) in 'cold' quantum mechanical fusion processes appearing in strong 'plasma focus' and 'capillary fusion' experiments. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 180: p. 25.

First Author: Antanasijevic, R. D.
All Authors: Antanasijevic, R. D., Lakicevic, I., Maric, Z., Zevic, D., Zaric, A., Vigier, J. P.
Keywords: Theory spin-spin, neutron, Pd, gas discharge electron mass


1697. Antonov, V.E., et al., The Pd-Pt-H System: Phase Transformations at High Pressure and Superconductivity. Phys. Stat. Sol. A, 1993. 78: p. 137.

First Author: Antonov, V. E.
All Authors: Antonov, V. E., Antonova, T. E., Belash, I. T., Ponyatovsky, E. G., Rashupkin, V. I.
Keywords: Pd, Pt, H, phase diagram, superconductivity, resistivity, lattice parameter


1698. Aoki, T., Y. Kurata, and H. Ebihara. Study of Concentrations of Helium and Tritium in Electrolytic Cells with Excess Heat Generations. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Aoki, T.
All Authors: Aoki, T., Kurata, Y., Ebihara, H.
Keywords: heat+, tritium, helium, Pd, D2O, current density, gamma emission, neutron, ICCF-4, electrolysis, negative

Concentrations of helium and tritium in gas and liquid phases in calorimetric cells with excess heat generations were measured. Values of factor F (nuclear ash) defined as ratio of amount of heat released by particular nuclear reactions to the excess heat, were calculated to be F(He in gas phase) ~ (416) x 10^-3 and F(T in liquid phase) ~ (86) x 10^-10, and upper limit of F(T in gas phase) ~ 1 x10^-6. These extremely small values suggested either that (1) the nuclear reactions might occur in deep inside of the Pd cathode, or (2) the major amount of the detected excess heat could not match with the heat expected from the nuclear reactions if the reactions occurred on the surface of Pd cathodes.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AokiTstudyofcon.pdf


1699. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Excess heat in a double structure deuterated cathode. Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, 1993. 69((8)): p. 963 (in Japanese).

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: complex cathode, Pd, electrolysis, heat+, pressure, Pd-black


1700. Aspden, H., Refrigeration and electrical power generation. 1993: UK GB 2283361A.

First Author: Aspden, H.
All Authors: Aspden, H.
Keywords: thermoelectric, energy Conversion, patent,


1701. Azumi, K., et al., Acoustic emission from a palladium electrode during hydrogen charging and its release in a LiOH electrolyte. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 347: p. 111.

First Author: Azumi, K.
All Authors: Azumi, K., Ishiguro, S., Mizuno, T., Seo, M.
Keywords: acoustic emission, electrolysis, fractofusion, Pd


1702. Baranov, D., et al. Experimental Testing of the Erzion Model by Reacting of Electron Flux on the Target. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Baranov, D.
All Authors: Baranov, D., Bazhutov, Y., Khokhov, N., Koretsky, V. P., Kuznetsov, A. B., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Sukovatkin, N.
Keywords: La-Sm, Li-Sn, La-Nd, electron bombardment gamma emission, transmutation, erzion ICCF-4


1703. Baranov, D., et al. Investigation of the Erzion-Nuclear Transformation by Ion Beams. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Baranov, D.
All Authors: Baranov, D., Bazhutov, Y., Koretsky, V. P., Plets, Y., Pohil, G., Sakharov, E.
Keywords: erzion, transmutation, theory, ICCF-4


1704. Bartolomeo, C., et al. Alfred Coehn and After: The Alpha, Beta and Gamma of the Palladium-Hydrogen System. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Bartolomeo, C.
All Authors: Bartolomeo, C., Fleischmann, M., Larramona, G., Pons, S., Roulett, J., Sugiura, H., Preparata, G.
Keywords: Pd, hydrogen,, diffusion, phase diagram, Coehn, gamma phase ICCF-4 PdH


1705. Bazhutov, Y., et al. Excess Heat Observation During Electrolysis of Cs2CO3 Solution in Light Water. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Bazhutov, Y.
All Authors: Bazhutov, Y., Chertov, Yu. P., Krivoshein, A. A., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Khokhlov, N. I.
Keywords: Cs2CO3, Ni, H2O, heat+, tritium, ICCF-4


1706. Bertalot, L., et al. Deuterium Charging in Palladium by Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Measurement of Lattice Parameter. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Bertalot, L.
All Authors: Bertalot, L., De Marco, F., De Ninno, A., Felici, R., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, lattice parameter, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-4, PdD


1707. Bertalot, L., et al., Study of deuterium charging in palladium by the electrolysis of heavy water: heat excess production. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1993. 15 D: p. 1435.

First Author: Bertalot, L.
All Authors: Bertalot, L., De Marco, F., De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V., Zeppa, P.
Keywords: electrolysis, loading, heat+, Pd, D2O, OCV, diffusion


1708. Bittner, M., et al., Observation of d-d fusion neutrons during degassing of deuterium-loaded palladium. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 346.

First Author: Bittner, M.
All Authors: Bittner, M., Meister, A., Seeliger, D., Schwierz, R., Wuestner, P.
Keywords: Pd, neutron, deloading, energy


1709. Boucher, G.R., F.E. Collins, and R.L. Matlock, Separation factors for hydrogen isotopes on palladium. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 200.

First Author: Boucher, G. R.
All Authors: Boucher, G. R., Collins, F. E., Matlock, R. L.
Keywords: electrolysis, tritium, separation factor, Pd, H2O, D2O


1710. Burke, L.D. and J.K. Casey, An examination of the electrochemical behavior of palladium electrodes in acid. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1993. 140(5): p. 1284.

First Author: Burke, L. D.
All Authors: Burke, L. D., Casey, J. K.
Keywords: Pd, PdH, loading, overvoltage


1711. Burke, L.D. and J.K. Casey, An examination of the electrochemical behavior of palladium in base. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1993. 140(5): p. 1292.

First Author: Burke, L. D.
All Authors: Burke, L. D., Casey, J. K.
Keywords: PdH, Pd, loading, overvoltage


1712. Bush, R.T., Is It Possible That Anomalies Associated with the Excess Heat Effect Were Observed in the 1950's?: The Transmission Resonance Model (TRM) Answers Affirmatively. 1993.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory, heat Capacity, Pd


1713. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton. Calorimetric Studies for Several Light Water Electrolytic Cells With Nickel Fibrex Cathodes and Electrolytes with Alkali Salts of Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: H2O, Ni, heat+, Rb, K, Cs, transmutation, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1714. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton. Evidence for Electrolytically Induced Transmutation and Radioactivity Correlated with Excess Heat in Electrolytic Cells With Light Water Rubidium Salt Electrolytes. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: H2O, Ni, Rb, transmutation, radioactive, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1715. Cecil, F.E., H. Liu, and J.S. Yan, Measurements of branching ratios of low energy deuteron-induced nuclear reactions on 2H, 6Li, and 10B. Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., 1993. 47: p. 1178.

First Author: Cecil, F. E.
All Authors: Cecil, F. E., Liu, H., Yan, J. S.
Keywords: branching ratio, ion beam, Oppenheimer-Phillips, theory


1716. Celani, F., et al. High Power µs Pulsed Electrolysis for Large Deuterium Loading on Pd Plates. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Nuvoli, A., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Boutet, M., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V.
Keywords: loading, Pd, D2O, heat+, overvoltage, resistance, hardness, ICCF-4, electrolysis

An high peak current (up to 100 A) and a very short pulse (1 microsecond) generator was used to perform electrolysis in D2O-LiOD solution using a Pd sheet as a cathode and a Pt net as an anode. This high power pulse (up to 50 KW) can be rated up to 20 KHz.
Very high D/Pd values (up to about 1:1) has been reached with any cold-worked Pd sheets used. A very hard sheet (about 300 Hv) has generated an excess heat of the order of 15% for a long time (some weeks).
Some considerations about the metallurgy of electrodes are performed and an effort is made to correlate the excess heat with metallurgical parameters, over-voltage and surface resistance.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf#page=497


1717. Cerofolini, G.F., et al., Giant Neutron Trapping by a Molecular Species Produced During the Reaction of D+ With H- in a Condensed Phase. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 465.

First Author: Cerofolini, G. F.
All Authors: Cerofolini, G. F., Boara, G., Agosteo, S., Para, A. F.
Keywords: theory, neutron, absorption


1718. Cerofolini, G.F. and A.F. Para, Can binuclear atoms solve the cold fusion puzzle? Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 98.

First Author: Cerofolini, G. F.
All Authors: Cerofolini, G. F., Para, A. F.
Keywords: Theory, dineutron


1719. Chatterjee, L., S. Mandal, and A. Chakrabarty, Electron accumulation and reproducibility of cold fusion. Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1993. 31: p. 131.

First Author: Chatterjee, L.
All Authors: Chatterjee, L., Mandal, S., Chakrabarty, A.
Keywords: Theory, screening, TiO2


1720. Chen, X. and J. Yang, Studies on dineutron model of cold fusion (I). Hunan Shifan Daxue Ziran Kexue Xuebao, 1993. 16((1)): p. 42 (in Chinese, Eng. abstr).

First Author: Chen, X.
All Authors: Chen, X., Yang, J.
Keywords: Theory, dineutron, review


1721. Choi, E., H. Ejiri, and H. Ohsumi, Application of a Ge detector to search for fast neutrons from DD fusion in deuterized Pd. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, 1993. 32A: p. 3964.

First Author: Choi, E.
All Authors: Choi, E., Ejiri, H., Ohsumi, H.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, neutron

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here.

The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:

A low-background high-resolution Ge detector surrounded by neutron scatterers was applied to investigate fast neutrons from the electrochemically loaded Pd-D system. The neutron flux was obtained by measuring the yields of the γ-rays following inelastic scattering of the fast neutrons from nuclei in the scatterers. The detector was shown to be very sensitive in the search for rare neutron events such as d-d fusion at room temperature. The observed spectrum shows no statistically significant excess of the γ-rays above the background. The upper limit on the fusion rate was obtained as λf<1.610^-24(ddn)fusions/(dd)pair/s.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChoiEapplicatio.pdf


1722. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb, Ion band state fusion: reactions, power density, and the quantum reality question. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 403.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: Theory


1723. Chukanov, K.B. New Pulsed Gas Loading Cold Fusion Technology. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Chukanov, K. B.
All Authors: Chukanov, K. B.
Keywords: theory, SmCo5, heat, gas, H2, ICCF-4


1724. Cravens, D. Factors Affecting Success Rate of Heat Generation in CF Cells. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Cravens, D.
All Authors: Cravens, D.
Keywords: heat, method, Pd, D2O, ICCF-4, electrolysis

Abstract

A series of low cost, low precision experiments were conducted to screen for factors which may affect the successful observation of heat from palladium/ heavy water electrolytic cells. Critical factors include the selection of the palladium and the experimental protocol during the initial loading to the beta phase. It was found that bubble patterns, volume expansion, and surface appearance can be used as early predictors of ultimate success. Since large scale defects are detrimental, methods of avoiding cracking are discussed. These include alloying, preparing a uniform surface, loading at a slow rate at low temperatures, delaying use of additives to the electrolyte, and uniform loading techniques. Methods of achieving the later and larger heat releases were found to include: rapid increase in the current density above a threshold value and raising the temperature. A reflux calorimeter design is presented that allows for continuous studies at boiling temperatures of the electrolyte. Unexpected and unexplained occurrences of heat bursts by magnetic fields and radio frequency fields are reported.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CravensDfactorsaff.pdf


1725. Criddle, E.E. Evidence of Agglomeration and Syneresis in Regular and Excess Heat Cells in Water. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Criddle, E. E.
All Authors: Criddle, E. E.
Keywords: Ni, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, ICCF-4


1726. Das, D. and M.K.S. Ray, Fusion in condensed matter - a likely scenario. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 115.

First Author: Das, D.
All Authors: Das, D., Ray, M. K. S.
Keywords: Theory


1727. Dash, J., G. Noble, and D. Diman. Surface Morphology and Microcomposition of Palladium Cathodes After Electrolysis in Acified Light and Heavy Water: Correlation With Excess Heat. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Dash, J.
All Authors: Dash, J., Noble, G., Diman, D.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, structure, transmutation, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1728. Demidenko, V.S. and V.I. Simakov, The state of deuterium and probability of cold nuclear fusion in solids. Izv. Vysch. Uchebn. Zaved. Fiz., 1993. 36(10): p. 20 (in Russian).

First Author: Demidenko, V. S.
All Authors: Demidenko, V. S., Simakov, V. I.
Keywords: Theory


1729. Dillon, C.T. and B.J. Kennedy, The electrochemically formed palladium-deuterium system. I. Surface composition and morphology. Aust. J. Chem., 1993. 46: p. 663.

First Author: Dillon, C. T.
All Authors: Dillon, C. T., Kennedy, B. J.
Keywords: electrolysis, surface analysis D2O transmutation loading Pd


1730. Dillon, C.T., B.J. Kennedy, and M.M. Elcombe, The electrochemically formed palladium-deuterium system. II. In situ neutron diffraction studies. Aust. J. Chem., 1993. 46: p. 681.

First Author: Dillon, C. T.
All Authors: Dillon, C. T., Kennedy, B. J., Elcombe, M. M.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, crystal structure, neutron diffraction, surface, D2O, loading


1731. Ding, Y. and B.Y. Liaw. Electrochemical Characterization of Ni in Hydride-containing Molten Salts. in 9th International Conf. on Solid State Ionics. 1993. The Hague, The Netherlands.

First Author: Ding, Y.
All Authors: Ding, Y., Liaw, B. Y.
Keywords: Ni, molten Salt, LiCl-KCl, Fused Salt


1732. Dufour, J., Cold fusion by sparking in hydrogen isotopes. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 205.

First Author: Dufour, J.
All Authors: Dufour, J.
Keywords: spark discharge, heat+, Pd, stainless steel, D2, H2, theory


1733. Dufour, J., J. Foos, and J.P. Millot. Cold Fusion by Sparking in Hydrogen Isotopes. Energy Balances and Search for Fusion By-products. A Strategy to Prove the Reality of Cold Fusion. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Dufour, J.
All Authors: Dufour, J., Foos, J., Millot, J. P.
Keywords: H2, D2, gas discharge, heat+, tritium, ICCF-4

The idea of transmuting hydrogen isotopes into heavier species (helium), at room temperature, with the aid of palladium acting as a kind of catalyst can be traced back as early as 1926. In 1989, a rebirth was given to the concept. By electrolysing heavy water with a palladium cathode, Jones, Fleischmann and Pons claimed to obtain significant energy production, in excess of the electrical energy introduce into the apparatus to carry out the electrolysis. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJcoldfusiona.pdf


1734. Enyo, M. and P.C. Biswas, Hydrogen pressure equivalent to overpotential on Pd + Ag alloy electrodes in acidic solutions in the presence of thiourea. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 357: p. 67.

First Author: Enyo, M.
All Authors: Enyo, M., Biswas, P. C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, loading, fugacity, OCV, H2, thermodynamic


1735. Farrell, J.J., R.L. Mills, and W.R. Good, An Alternative Explanation of Extreme UltraViolet Emission From Dark Matter. 1993.

First Author: Farrell, J. J.
All Authors: Farrell, J. J., Mills, R. L., Good, W. R.
Keywords: theory, dihydrino


1736. Fedorovich, G.V., Nuclear fusion in crystal hydrides of light elements. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 442.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion, E-cell, screening


1737. Fedorovich, G.V., A possible way to nuclear fusion in solids. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 288.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion, E-cell


1738. Fedorovich, G.V., Parametric excitation of crystalline structures as a possible cause of high-energy emissions. Tech. Phys., 1993. 38(10): p. 866.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion, PdD


1739. Fernandez, J.F., et al. Cubic-Tetragonal Phase Transition in TiDx (X> or = 1.7) and its Possible Relation to Cold Fusion Reactions. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Fernandez, J. F.
All Authors: Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Alguera, M., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: Ti, D2, neutron, phase diagram, TiD, ICCF-4


1740. Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O system: from simplicity via complications to simplicity. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 176: p. 118.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat+, D2O, life after death


1741. Fleischmann, M., et al. Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: The Search for Simplicity and Accuracy. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Le Roux, M., Roulette, J.
Keywords: heat+, theory, method, ICCF-4

Our search for high levels of the rates of excess enthalpy generation in the Pd-D2O and Pd-alloy-D2O systems has been based inter alia on the following preconditions and suppositions:

(i) that it is necessary to use materials which will withstand the high stresses induced by the experiments;
(ii) given that (i) is assured, that it is necessary to adopt particular experimental protocols to achieve excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperatures;
(iii) that the protocols (ii) should ensure a high D/Pd ratio under all conditions;
(iv) that the protocols (ii) and (iii) should allow one to take advantage of "positive feedback" in the systems;
(v) that the systems are sensitive to "hidden state variables;"
(vi) that the state variables need to be further generalised to take account of cross-terms and of gradients with position.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf#page=23


1742. Fox, H. Cold Nuclear Fusion & Enhanced Energy Devices: A Progress Report. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Fox, H.
All Authors: Fox, H.
Keywords: review, ICCF-4


1743. Fox, H., Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion'. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 347.

First Author: Fox, H.
All Authors: Fox, H.
Keywords: critique, Matsumoto


1744. Frederico, T., et al., Microscopic calculation of the molecular-nuclear d+d-->3He+n or 3H+p reactions at close to zero energies. Braz. J. Phys., 1993. 23(1): p. 96.

First Author: Frederico, T.
All Authors: Frederico, T., de Groote, J. J., Hornos, J. E., Hussein, M. S.
Keywords: Theory, fusion rate


1745. Fukai, Y., Computer Aided Innovation of New Materials II Some Unsolved Problems of Hydrogen in Metals, ed. M. Doyama, et al. 1993: Elsevier Sci. PubFukai, Y.

First Author: Fukai, Y.
All Authors: Fukai, Y.
Keywords: volume, structure, Pd, Ni, Mn, alloys, H2,


1746. Fukai, Y., Present status on cold fusion. Nippon Butsuri Gakkaishi, 1993. 48(5): p. 354 (in Japanese).

First Author: Fukai, Y.
All Authors: Fukai, Y.
Keywords: Review


1747. Gammon, B.E., Cathode cooling by expansion of hydrogen in calorimetric tests for cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 342.

First Author: Gammon, B. E.
All Authors: Gammon, B. E.
Keywords: theory, heat, Joule-Thompson critique


1748. Garwin, R.L., SRI Deuterated Metals Project. 1993, Thomas J. Watson Research Center: Yorktown Heights, NY.

First Author: Garwin, R. L.
All Authors: Garwin, R. L.
Keywords: review


1749. Gernert, N. and R.M. Shaubach, Nascent Hydrogen: An Energy Source. 1993, Department of the Air Force.

First Author: Gernert, N.
All Authors: Gernert, N., Shaubach, R. M.
Keywords: heat

Anomalous heat was measured from a reaction of atomic hydrogen in contact with potassium carbonate on a nickel surface. The nickel surface consisted of 500 feet of 0.0625 inch diameter tubing wrapped in a coil. The coil was inserted into a pressure vessel containing a light water solution of potassium carbonate. The tubing and solution were heated to a steady state temperature of 249C using an FR heater. Hydrogen at 1100 psig was applied to the inside of the tubing. After the application of hydrogen, a 32C increase in temperature of the cell was measured which corresponds to 25 watts of heat. Heat production under these conditions is predicted by the theory of Mills where a new species of hydrogen is produced that has a lower energy state then normal hydrogen. ESCA analyses, done independently by Lehigh University, have found the predicted 55 eV signature of this new species of hydrogen. Work is continuing at Thermacore with internal funding to bring this technology to the marketplace.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GernertNnascenthyd.pdf


1750. Gluck, P., The surfdyne concept: an attempt to solve (or to rename) the puzzles of cold nuclear fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 122.

First Author: Gluck, P.
All Authors: Gluck, P.
Keywords: Theory, surfdyne, catalysis, layer


1751. Gozzi, D., et al. Excess Heat and Nuclear Product Measurements in Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, He, neutron, heat+, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-4

We present the results of a new experiment with our multicell set-up implemented with mass spectrometric measurements of 4He and a highly improved neutron detector. The excess heat measured is in linea with the our previous results as well as with other laboratories while no neutrons, and a tritium excess lower than expected from power excess were found. 4He has been measured in the electrolysis gases and a tentative correlation of 4He with excess power is presented and discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf#page=59


1752. Gozzi, D., et al. Helium-4 Quantitative Measurements in the Gas Phase of Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: He, heat+, D2O, electrolysis, Pd, ICCF-4


1753. Graneau, P. and N. Graneau, Ampere force calculation for filament fusion experiments. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 174: p. 421.

First Author: Graneau, P.
All Authors: Graneau, P., Graneau, N.
Keywords: ampere forces, filament fusion, theory


1754. Griggs, J.L. A Brief Introduction to the Hydrosonic Pump and the Associated "Excess Energy" Phenomenon. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Griggs, J. L.
All Authors: Griggs, J. L.
Keywords: heat+, sonic, acoustic, cavitation, ICCF-4


1755. Hagelstein, P.L., Summary of ICCF3 in Nagoya, Feb. 16, 1993. 1993.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: Trip Report, ICCF3, history

Abstract We review highlights of the international cold fusion conference that was held recently in Nagoya, Japan. Excess heat results in heavy water electrolysis experiments constitute the observations with the most important potential applications. Experiments in gas phase systems exhibit fast particle and gamma emission that make progress toward elucidating mechanisms. The evidence in support of a light water heat effect has improved.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinsummaryofi.pdf


1756. Hagelstein, P.L. Lattice-Induced Atomic and Nuclear Reactions. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-4


1757. Hagelstein, P.L., Coherent and semicoherent neutron transfer reactions III: Phonon frequency shifts. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 353.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: Theory


1758. Hagelstein, P.L. and S. Kaushik. Neutron Transfer Reactions. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Ma: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L., Kaushik, S.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-4


1759. Hale, G.M. and T.L. Talley. Deuteron-Induced Fusion in Various Environments. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Hale, G. M.
All Authors: Hale, G. M., Talley, T. L.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-4


1760. Handel, P. Subtraction of a New Thermo-Electromechanical Effect from the Excess Heat, and the Emerging Avenues to Cold Fusion. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Handel, P.
All Authors: Handel, P.
Keywords: theory, Peltier, critique, ICCF-4


1761. Hansen, W.N. and M.E. Melich. Pd/D Calorimetry- The Key to the F/P Effect and a Challenge to Science. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Hansen, W. N.
All Authors: Hansen, W. N., Melich, M. E.
Keywords: critique, analysis, heat, Pons, Fleischmann, ICCF-4

Abstract The main issue before this conference can be stated as a simple question: Question #1: Can large amounts of heat be generated at a significant rate by Pd/D interaction as announced by Fleischmann and Pons? By now there have been many experimental results claiming to answer "yes" and which force us to take that possibility very seriously. As used here the "large amounts" are much larger than can possibly be explained by chemistry or metallurgy as known today. Up to now the only practical way of answering this question is by Pd/D calorimetry. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HansenWNpddcalorim.pdf


1762. Hasegawa, N., et al. Observation of Excess Heat during Electrolysis of 1 M LiOD in a Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Hasegawa, N.
All Authors: Hasegawa, N., Hayakawa, N., Tsuchida, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Kunimatsu, K.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, Current Density, loading, overvoltage, OCV, electrolysis, ICCF-4

Measurements of electrolytic deuterium loading into Pd and Pd-Rh alloy cathodes and excess heat during electrolysis in 1M LiOD have been conducted simultaneously in closed cells with a fuel cell anode pressurized by deuterium gas. The excess heat up to 4-5W/Pd cc has been reproduced by using Pd rod cathodes from various sources. Excess heat increases with electrolysis current density higher than ca. 0.1-0.2 A/cm^2, cathode overvoltage and D/Pd higher than 0.80-0.84, but its dependence on D/Pd or D/M appears to be specific to each cathode material in the region of high cathode loading, where the current density or overvoltage appears to be a more important parameter to control the amount of excess heat than the cathode loading.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HasegawaNobservatioa.pdf


1763. He, J., et al. A Study on Anomalous Nuclear Fusion Reaction by Using a HV Pulse Discharge. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: He, J.
All Authors: He, J., Zhang, Y., Ren, G., Zhu, G., Dong, X., Chen, D., Han, H., Wang, L., Jin, S.
Keywords: Pd, D2, gas discharge, particle emission, gamma emission ICCF-4


1764. He, J., et al., Study of anomalous nuclear fusion reaction by using HV pulse discharge. Chin. Phys. Lett., 1993. 10(11): p. 652.

First Author: He, J.
All Authors: He, J., Zhang, Y., Ren, G., Zhu, G., Qian, Z., Dong, X., Dai, C., Hu, S., Wang, L., Yi, S.
Keywords: gas discharge, neutron, gamma emission Pd, ion bombardment D2


1765. Hodgkinson, N., Nuclear Confusion, in The Sunday Times (UK). 1993: LondonEditor.

First Author: Hodgkinson, N.
All Authors: Hodgkinson, N.
Keywords: newspaper, review, history


1766. Hodko, D. and J. Bockris, Possible excess tritium production on Pd codeposited with deuterium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 353: p. 33.

First Author: Hodko, D.
All Authors: Hodko, D., Bockris, J.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O, coplating


1767. Hora, H., et al., Screening in cold fusion derived from D-D reactions. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 175: p. 138.

First Author: Hora, H.
All Authors: Hora, H., Kelly, J. C., Patel, J. U., Prelas, M. A., Miley, G. H., Tompkins, J. W.
Keywords: Theory, swimming electron


1768. Huang, G., et al. The Measurements and the Control of Loading Ratio of Deuterium in Palladium. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Huang, G.
All Authors: Huang, G., Mo, D., Yu, W., Yao, M., Xi, X., Liaw, B.
Keywords: Pd, D, loading, method, ICCF-4, electrolysis, D2O


1769. Huggins, R.A. Materials Aspects of the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Deuterium into Mixed Conductors. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Huggins, R. A.
All Authors: Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: Pd, H, review, loading, electrolysis, dislocation, ICCF-4

Abstract

A number of features of the presence of interstitial species in metals and alloys relevant to "solid state fusion" experiments are discussed. These include experimental evidence for very high virtual pressures under certain conditions, and the influence of promotors and surface blockers. Dislocation generation and motion can result from the large stresses accompanying composition gradients and phase transformations. Because of preferential segregation of interstitial species to dislocations, transport along dislocations can be much faster than through the bulk crystal, and dislocation motion can cause unusually rapid interstitial solute transport and both entry and emission from surfaces. Mechanical effects related to the presence of hydrogen often are sporadic and can have long delay times. It is possible that some of the same microstructural features and phenomena that are responsible for delayed mechanical behavior play an important role in the "solid state fusion" observations. Two dislocation mechanisms are presented that can produce transient local hyperloading.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HugginsRAmaterialsa.pdf


1770. Hugo, M. A Home Cold Fusion Experiment. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Hugo, M.
All Authors: Hugo, M.
Keywords: heat+, Pd-Ag, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-4


1771. Huizenga, J.R., Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century. 1993, New York: Oxford University Press.

First Author: Huizenga, J. R.
All Authors: Huizenga, J. R.
Keywords: history, critique, book,


1772. Ichimaru, S. Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Ichimaru, S.
All Authors: Ichimaru, S.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-4


1773. Ichimaru, S., Nuclear fusion in dense plasmas. Rev. Mod. Phys., 1993. 65: p. 255.

First Author: Ichimaru, S.
All Authors: Ichimaru, S.
Keywords: Theory, review, astronomy, screening


1774. Iida, T., et al. Deuteron Fusion Experiments with Ti and Pd Foils Implanted with Deuteron Beams II. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Iida, T.
All Authors: Iida, T., Fukuhara, M., Sunarno, Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A.
Keywords: Ti, Pd, ion implantation, D2 helium ICCF-4

Deuteron implantation experiments on Ti and Pd foils have been made for the examination of the "cold" deuteron fusion reaction. In the center of a target chamber fitted to a 300 keV deuteron accelerator, a Ti or Pd foil sample was set to face toward 3 nsec pulsed deuteron beams collimated with a 3 mm diameter aperture. A Si-SSD was placed behind the foil to detect high energy charged particles emitted from the foil by the supposed deuteron fusion reactions.

In the 243 keV deuteron implantation experiments for 3-20 μm Ti and 5-22 μm Pd foils, unusual counts and peaks were measured in the energy region higher than the proton peak due to the well-known D-D reaction. And from the energy loss measurement with the screen foil in front of the Si-SSD, some of the unusual high energy peaks were found to be helium, though the original reactions are not identified. These helium peaks and unnatural counts are difficult to explain and might have something to do with the multibody fusion reactions proposed by A. Takahashi. More elaborate experiments with more detailed measurement such as correlated particle measurement should be necessary for confirmation of the multibody fusion reaction.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IidaTdeuteronfua.pdf


1775. Ikegami, H., Next step to promote cold fusion research. Oyo Butsuri, 1993. 62: p. 717 (in Japanese).

First Author: Ikegami, H.
All Authors: Ikegami, H.
Keywords: Discussion, history


1776. Iwamura, Y., T. Itoh, and I. Toyoda. Observation of Anomalous Nuclear Effects in D2-Pd System. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Iwamura, Y.
All Authors: Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Toyoda, I.
Keywords: Pd, D2, neutron, tritium, ICCF-4


1777. Jiang, S., G. Yang, and S. Wang, Coulomb screening effect of deuterium-ion in metal - numerical solution of nonlinear Poisson equation. Lanzhou Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban [J. Lanzhou Univ. (Nat. Sci), 1993. 29(2): p. 70 (In Chinese).

First Author: Jiang, S.
All Authors: Jiang, S., Yang, G., Wang, S.
Keywords: Theory, screening


1778. Jin, S., F. Zhan, and Y. Liu. Deuterium Absorbability and Anomalous Nuclear Effect of YBCO High Temperature Superconductor. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Jin, S.
All Authors: Jin, S., Zhan, F., Liu, Y.
Keywords: YBCO, superconductor, D, particle emission, ICCF-4


1779. Jones, S.E., et al. Search for Neutron, Gamma, and X-ray Emissions from Pd/LiOD Electrolytic Cells: A Null Result. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E., Jones, D., Shelden, D., Taylor, S. F.
Keywords: Pd D2O, neutron, gamma emission, electrolysis ICCF-4


1780. Kaliev, K., et al. The Initiation of Reproductive Nuclear Reactions in the Structures of the Oxide Tungsten Bronze. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Kaliev, K.
All Authors: Kaliev, K., Sverdlov, N., Istomin, Y., Golikov, E., Butrimov, V., Babaeva, D., Vasnin, G., Fyoferov, V.
Keywords: KWO3, D20, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-4


1781. Kaliev, K.A., et al., Reproducible nuclear reactions during interaction of deuterium with oxide tungsten bronze. Phys. Lett. A, 1993. 172: p. 199.

First Author: Kaliev, K. A.
All Authors: Kaliev, K. A., Baraboshkin, A. N., Samgin, A. L., Golikov, E., Shalyapin, A., Andreev, V. S., Golubnichii, P. I.
Keywords: ion bombardment, neutron, NaWO3


1782. Kaliev, K.A., et al., Reproducible nuclear reactions by interaction of deuterium with tungsten oxide bronze. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1993. 330(2): p. 214 (in Russian).

First Author: Kaliev, K. A.
All Authors: Kaliev, K. A., Baraboshkin, A. N., Samgin, A. L., Golikov, E., Shalyapin, A., Andreev, V. S., Golubnichii, P. I.
Keywords: tungsten bronze, ion bombardment, neutron, D2


1783. Kalinin, V.B., On the question of the possibility of cold nuclear fusion at the point of ferroelectric phase transition in K2DPO4. Neorg. Mater., 1993. 29(5): p. 656 (in Russian).

First Author: Kalinin, V. B.
All Authors: Kalinin, V. B.
Keywords: review, theory, ferroelectrics


1784. Keesing, R.G. and A.J. Gadd, Thermoelectric heat pumping and the 'cold fusion' effect". J. Phys.: Condens. Mater., 1993. 5: p. L537.

First Author: Keesing, R. G.
All Authors: Keesing, R. G., Gadd, A. J.
Keywords: theory, Peltier, critique


1785. Kennel, E. and A.G. Kalandarachvili. Investigation of Deuterium Glow Discharge of the Kucherov Type. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Kennel, E.
All Authors: Kennel, E., Kalandarachvili, A. G.
Keywords: gas discharge, gamma emission, method, D2 ICCF-4


1786. Kim, Y.E. and A.L. Zubarev, Coulomb Barrier Transmission Resonance for Astrophysical Problems. Mod. Phys. Lett. B, 1993. 7: p. 1627.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L.
Keywords: theory


1787. Kobayashi, M., Present of 'cold fusion'. Kagaku Kogaku, 1993. 57(10): p. 715 (in Japanese).

First Author: Kobayashi, M.
All Authors: Kobayashi, M.
Keywords: Review


1788. Komaki, H. An Approach to the Probable Mechanism of the Non-Radioactive Biological Cold Fusion or So-Called Kervran Effect (Part 2). in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Komaki, H.
All Authors: Komaki, H.
Keywords: biological, transmutation, ICCF-4


1789. Krakowski, R.A., et al., Lessons Learned from the Tokamak Advanced Reactor Innovation and Evaluation Study (ARIES). 1993, Los Alamos National Laboratory.

First Author: Krakowski, R. A.
All Authors: Krakowski, R. A., Bathke, C. G., Miller, R. L., Werley, K. A.
Keywords: Plasma fusion

This paper is about plasma fusion, not cold fusion. We uploaded it here because it is difficult to find.

Abstract:

Lessons from the four-year ARIES (Advanced Reactor Innovation and Evaluation Study) investigation of four commercial magnetic-fusion-energy (MFE) power-plant embodiments of the tokamak are summarized. These lessons are derived from the physics; engineering and technology; economics; and environmental, safety, and health (ES&H) characteristics of these conceptual tokamak power-plant designs. This summary of ARIES lessons is intended to provide a general indicator of the requirements of economically and environmentally attractive fusion power. The integration of fundamental tokamak physics with conceptual engineering models through a cost-based systems methodology has been especially thorough in ARIES. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrakowskiRlessonslea.pdf


1790. Lewis, F.A., S.G. McGee, and R.A. McNicholl, Limits of hydrogen contents introduced by electrolysis into palladium and palladium-rich alloys. Z. Phys. Chem., 1993. 179: p. 63.

First Author: Lewis, F. A.
All Authors: Lewis, F. A., McGee, S. G., McNicholl, R. A.
Keywords: electrolysis, loading, pressure, OCV, Pd


1791. Li, X.Z., et al., Anomalous nuclear phenomena and solid state nuclear track detector. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., 1993. 22: p. 599.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z., Mo, D. W., Zhang, L., Wang, S. C., Kang, T. S., Liu, S. J., Wang, J.
Keywords: D2, Pd, particle emission, CR-39


1792. Liaw, B.Y. and Y. Ding. Charging Hydrogen into Ni in Hydride-containing Molten Salts. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Liaw, B. Y.
All Authors: Liaw, B. Y., Ding, Y.
Keywords: Ni, Molten Salt, method, Fused Salt, ICCF-4


1793. Liaw, B.Y. and Q.H. Gao. Thin Film Yttria-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia. in 9th International Conf. on Solid State Ionics. 1993. The Hague, The Netherlands.

First Author: Liaw, B. Y.
All Authors: Liaw, B. Y., Gao, Q. H.
Keywords: ZrO2, layer


1794. Liaw, B.Y., P.L. Tao, and B.E. Liebert, Helium analysis of palladium electrodes after molten salt electrolysis. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 92.

First Author: Liaw, B. Y.
All Authors: Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Liebert, B. E.
Keywords: molten salt, Pd, helium Fused Salt


1795. Liboff, R.L., Feasibility of fusion of an aggregate of deuterons in the ground state. Phys. Lett., 1993. 174 A: p. 317.

First Author: Liboff, R. L.
All Authors: Liboff, R. L.
Keywords: theory, superconductivity


1796. Lihn, C.J., et al., The influence of deposits on palladium cathodes in D2O electrolysis. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 324.

First Author: Lihn, C. J.
All Authors: Lihn, C. J., Wan, C. C., Wan, C. M., Perng, T. P.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, quartz, surface analysis, diffusion


1797. Lipson, A.G., et al., Is 'cold nuclear fusion' necessary to understand the anomalous thermal effects in the Pd-D(H) system? Phys. Dokl., 1993. 38: p. 286.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Deryagin, B. V., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: critique, history


1798. Lipson, A.G., et al., The generation of nuclear fusion products by a combination of cavitation action and electrolysis at the titanioum surface in deuterated electrolyte. Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 1993. 63(7): p. 187 (in Russian).

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P., Klyuev, V. A., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: fractofusion, Ti, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, ultrasonic


1799. Lipson, A.G., et al., Possibilities for increasing the neutron emission in KD2PO4 crystals at the phase transition through the Curie point. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1993. 19(11): p. 729.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Saunin, E. I., Deryagin, B. V.
Keywords: KD2PO4, phase change, fractofusion, neutron


1800. Lipson, A.G., et al., Cold nuclear fusion induced in KD2PO4 single crystals by a ferroelectric phase transition. JETP, 1993. 76(6): p. 1070.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Saunin, E. I., Kalinin, V. B., Kolovov, M. A., Deryagin, B. V., Khodyakov, A. A.
Keywords: KD2PO4, fractofusion, neutron


1801. Long, H., et al. New Experimental Results of Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Long, H.
All Authors: Long, H., Yin, W., Zhang, X.-W., Wu, J., Zhang, W.-S., Tang, Z. H., Shen, Q., Zhou, Z., Qi, B., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Yang, Y.
Keywords: neutron, X-ray, Gas Discharge, Pt, Nb, Ta, WThx, W, Pd, Cu, Mo, Ag, Fe, D2, ion bombardment, ICCF-4


1802. Lyakhov, B.F., et al., Anomalous heat release in the Pd/PdO system electrolytically saturated with hydrogen. Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1993. 67: p. 491.

First Author: Lyakhov, B. F.
All Authors: Lyakhov, B. F., Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Yavich, A. A.
Keywords: loading, critique, electrolysis, heat


1803. Ma, Q., et al. The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube. in ICCF4, Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Ma, Q.
All Authors: Ma, Q., Chen, Y., Huang, G., Yu, W., Mo, D., Li, X. Z.
Keywords: neutron, Gas Discharge, Pd, critique


1804. Ma, Q., et al. The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Ma, Q.
All Authors: Ma, Q., Chen, Y., Huang, G., Yu, W., Mo, D. W., Li, X. Z.
Keywords: neutron, Gas Discharge, Pd, critique, ICCF-4


1805. Ma, Y.L., H.X. Yang, and X.X. Dai, Nuclear-fusion enhancement in condensed matter with impacting and screening. Europhys. Lett., 1993. 24: p. 305.

First Author: Ma, Y. L.
All Authors: Ma, Y. L., Yang, H. X., Dai, X. X.
Keywords: theory


1806. Maly, J.A. and J. Vavra, Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 307.

First Author: Maly, J. A.
All Authors: Maly, J. A., Vavra, J.
Keywords: theory, Schroedinger equation


1807. Marcus, M., Cold fusion research is alive and well - but not in the mass media. St. Louis Journalism Rev., 1993. 22(153): p. 16.

First Author: Marcus, M.
All Authors: Marcus, M.
Keywords: history


1808. Matsui, K. New Hydrogen Energy (NHE) Research Project in Japan. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Matsui, K.
All Authors: Matsui, K.
Keywords: Japan, NHE, organization ICCF-4


1809. Matsumoto, T. Cold Fusion Experiments by Using Electrical Discharge in Water. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Pd, H2O, gas discharge, dineutron, plasma, ICCF-4


1810. Matsumoto, T., Observation of meshlike traces on nuclear emulsions during cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 103.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, emission, new particle Nattoh, theory


1811. Matsumoto, T., Cold fusion experiments with ordinary water and thin nickel foil. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 296.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: Ni, film, electrolysis, radiation, particle emission, Nattoh


1812. Matsumoto, T., Experiments of one-point cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 332.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: gas discharge, ion bombardment, film, iton


1813. Matsumoto, T., Response to 'Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion''. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 347.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: critique, Fox, iton


1814. Mayer, R.E., et al., Neutron detection system for extremely low count rate. Calculation, construction and employment in search for 'cold fusion'. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1993. 324: p. 501.

First Author: Mayer, R. E.
All Authors: Mayer, R. E., Patino, N. E., Florido, P. C., Gomez, S. E., Granada, J. R., Gillette, V. H.
Keywords: neutron, method


1815. McKubre, M.C.H., et al. Loading, Calorimeteric and Nuclear Investigation of the D/Pd System. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: McKubre, M. C. H.
All Authors: McKubre, M. C. H., Bush, B. F., Crouch-Baker, S., Hauser, A., Jevtic, N., Smedley, S. I., Srinivasan, M., Tanzella, F. L., Williams, M., Wing, S.
Keywords: heat+, loading, Pd, D2O, resistivity, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1816. Melich, M.E. and W.N. Hansen. Back to the Future, The Fleischmann-Pons Effect in 1994. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Melich, M. E.
All Authors: Melich, M. E., Hansen, W. N.
Keywords: review, critique, ICCF-4

Abstract From its initial public announcement on 23 March 1989, the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (FPE) has been attributed to: nuclear fusion nuclear fission exotic chemistry some previously unidentified law of nature instrumental error.

Highly public as well as private efforts were made in 1989 to decide if an FPE existed and if so, what caused it. This paper reevaluates some of the factual bases for the scientific and management judgments of 1989 with the advantage of what has been learned after four years of worldwide experimentation and analysis. We conclude that there is an FPE and its signature is heat. Data existed in 1989 that could have lead to this conclusion. The source of the excess heat is still not understood. Scientific progress was not made through this debate, which was largely uninformed by appropriate experimentation, and patent considerations may have played a determining role in the scientific progress associated with the FPE.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MelichMEbacktothef.pdf


1817. Mengoli, G., et al., Surface and bulk effects in the extraction of hydrogen from highly loaded Pd sheet electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 350: p. 57.

First Author: Mengoli, G.
All Authors: Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G.
Keywords: Pd, loading, diffusion


1818. Miles, M., Letter to Steven E. Jones. 1993.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M.
Keywords:


1819. Miles, M. and B.F. Bush. Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Bush, B. F.
Keywords: D2O heat+, electrolysis, helium Pd ICCF-4


1820. Miles, M., et al., Correlation of excess power and helium production during D2O and H2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 346: p. 99.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Hollins, R. A., Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J., Miles, R. E.
Keywords: heat+ electrolysis Pd, D2O, He layer, H2O tritium

A critical issue in determining whether or not the anomalous effects that occur during D2O electrolysis are of nuclear origin is the measurement of nuclear products in amounts sufficient to explain the rate of excess enthalpy generation. Calorimetric evidence of excess power up to 27% was measured during the electrolysis of heavy water using palladium cathodes. Maximum excess power was 0.52 W (1.5 W/cm^3) at 250 mA/cm^2. Eight electrolysis gas samples collected during episodes of excess power production in two identical cells and analysed by mass spectrometry showed the presence of 4He. Furthermore, the amount of helium detected correlated qualitatively with the amount of excess power and was within an order of magnitude of the theoretical estimate of helium production based upon fusion of deuterium to form 4He. Any production of 3He or neutrons in these experiments was below our detection limits. However, the exposure of dental X-ray films placed outside the cells suggests the emission of radiation. Control experiments performed in exactly the same way but using H2O + LiOH in place of D2O + LiOD gave no evidence of helium, excess power or radiation.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcorrelatio.pdf


1821. Miley, G.H. Comments About Nuclear Reaction Products. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Miley, G. H.
All Authors: Miley, G. H.
Keywords: theory, energy, nuclear reaction, review, ICCF-4


1822. Miyamaru, H., et al. Search for Nuclear Products of Cold Fusion. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Miyamaru, H.
All Authors: Miyamaru, H., Chimi, Y., Inokuchi, T., Takahashi, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, Helium, hardness loading ICCF-4 electrolysis


1823. Miyamoto, S., et al. Movement of Li During Electrolysis of 0.1M-LiOD/D2O Solution. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Miyamoto, S.
All Authors: Miyamoto, S., Sueki, K., Kobayashi, K., Fujii, M., Chiba, M., Nakahara, H., Shirakawa, T., Kobayashi, T., Yanokura, M., Aratani, M.
Keywords: Pd, Li, D2O, analysis, surface, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1824. Mizuno, T., et al. Anomalous Heat Evolution from SrCeO3-Type Proton Conductors during Absorption/Desorption in Alternate Electric Field. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Mizuno, T.
All Authors: Mizuno, T., Enyo, M., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K.
Keywords: SrCeO3, D2, Proton Conductor, heat+, ICCF-4


1825. Moon, D., A Cold Fusion Theory. 1993.

First Author: Moon, D.
All Authors: Moon, D.
Keywords: theory


1826. Nezu, S. and T. Sano. Measurement of Hydrogen Loading Ratio of Pd Electrodes Cathodically Polarized in Aqueous Solutions. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Nezu, S.
All Authors: Nezu, S., Sano, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, loading, Pd-Ag, Pd-Ce, Pd-Rh, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1827. Noninski, V.C. and C.I. Noninski, Notes on two papers claiming no evidence for the existence of excess energy during the electrolysis of 0.1M LiOD/D2O with palladium cathodes. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 474.

First Author: Noninski, V. C.
All Authors: Noninski, V. C., Noninski, C. I.
Keywords: critique, Lewis, Albagli, heat, MIT

A problem popularly known as "cold fusion" was brought, although in an unusual way, to the attention of the scientific community. Although much discussion was (and is still) devoted to whether this effect is connected with any known nuclear reactions, the latter being widely questioned, there is no doubt that the general interest in the problem was provoked by the claim of the possibility of producing excess energy, i.e., energy surmounting the energy breakeven value. Unlike the clearly negative indications so far in terms of known nuclear processes taking place, however, careful analysis reveals that the claims in the principal negative papers published so far with respect to the existence of excess energy are in disagreement with the raw experimental data whenever such is presented in those papers. This is very surprising indeed in view of the wide publicity these negative results have been given. An example of an improper analysis of their own experimental data by the authors is Ref. 1, which we have already discussed. Other examples of inappropriate method and improper interpretation of their own experimental data are Refs. 3 and 4.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NoninskiVCnotesontwo.pdf


1828. Notoya, R. Alkali-Hydrogen Cold Fusion Accompanied by Tritium Production on Nickel. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Notoya, R.
All Authors: Notoya, R.
Keywords: Ni, H2O, tritium, overvoltage, ICCF-4 electrolysis


1829. Notoya, R., Cold fusion by electrolysis in a light water-potassium carbonate solution with a nickel electrode. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 202.

First Author: Notoya, R.
All Authors: Notoya, R.
Keywords: Ni, H2O, transmutation, Ca, heat+


1830. Notoya, R., Current status of cold fusion research. Genshiryoku Kogyo, 1993. 39(9): p. 34 (in Japanese).

First Author: Notoya, R.
All Authors: Notoya, R.
Keywords: review


1831. Ohmori, T. and M. Enyo, Excess heat evolution during electrolysis of H2O with nickel, gold, silver, and tin cathodes. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 293.

First Author: Ohmori, T.
All Authors: Ohmori, T., Enyo, M.
Keywords: Ni, H2O, heat, transmutation, electrolysis, Sn replication, Miles


1832. Okabe, S., Some new scientific fields related to exoelectron emission and fracto-emission. Poverkhnost, 1993(7): p. 34.

First Author: Okabe, S.
All Authors: Okabe, S.
Keywords: fractofusion, fractoemission


1833. Okamoto, H. and S. Nezu. Measurements of Hydrogen Loading Ratio of Pd Anodes Polarized in LiH-LiCl-KCl Molten Salt Systems. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Okamoto, H.
All Authors: Okamoto, H., Nezu, S.
Keywords: loading, Pd, Molten Salt, overvoltage, Fused Salt, ICCF-4


1834. Okamoto, M., et al. Behavior of Key Elements in Pd for the Solid State Nuclear Phenomena Occurred in Heavy Water Electrolysis. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Okamoto, M.
All Authors: Okamoto, M., Ogawa, H., Yoshinaga, Y., Kusunoki, T., Odawara, O.
Keywords: surface analysis, Pd, SIMS, resistance, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-4, heat


1835. Okamoto, M., et al. Excess Heat Generation, Voltage Deviation, and Neutron Emission in D2O-LiOD Systems. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Okamoto, M.
All Authors: Okamoto, M., Yoshinaga, Y., Aida, M., Kusunoki, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron+, energy, electrolysis, ICCF-4


1836. Oriani, R.A. The Physical and Metallurgical Aspects of Hydrogen in Metals. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Oriani, R. A.
All Authors: Oriani, R. A.
Keywords: H2, Phase Diagram, Lattice Parameter, dislocation, diffusion, review, Pd, ICCF-4

Abstract To attempt to optimize the anomalous phenomena that today go under the label "cold fusion" the experimentalist should be aware of the many aspects of the behavior of hydrogen in metals and of its entry into and egress from metals. This paper discusses the equilibrium characteristics of the isotopes of hydrogen in metals. The first section discusses the thermodynamics of the terminal solutions of metal-hydrogen systems including the enthalpies of solutions, H-H interactions, effect of third elements, distribution of isotopes between the phases, site occupation, and the molar volume of hydrogen in metallic solutions.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAthephysica.pdf


1837. Oriani, R.A. The Physical and Metallurgical Aspects of Hydrogen in Metals (translation into Chinese). in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Oriani, R. A.
All Authors: Oriani, R. A.
Keywords: H2, Phase Diagram, Lattice Parameter, dislocation, diffusion, review, Pd, ICCF-4

Translated by W.-S. Zhang.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAthephysicaa.pdf


1838. Ota, K., H. Yoshitake, and N. Kamiya, Present status of cold fusion. Hyomen Kagaku, 1993. 14(9): p. 570 (in Japanese).

First Author: Ota, K.
All Authors: Ota, K., Yoshitake, H., Kamiya, N.
Keywords: review


1839. Ota, K., et al. Heat Measurement of Water Electrolysis Using Pd Cathode and the Electrochemistry. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Ota, K.
All Authors: Ota, K., Yoshitake, H., Yamazaki, O., Kuratsuka, M., Yamaki, K., Ando, K., Iida, Y., Kamiya, N.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, Pd-Ag, heat+, surface analysis, electrolysis, Li, ICCF-4


1840. Park, A.E., Some thoughts on a simple mechanism for the 2H + 2H --> 4He cold fusion reaction. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 319.

First Author: Park, A. E.
All Authors: Park, A. E.
Keywords: theory, He


1841. Pokropivnii, V.V., Bineutron theory of cold nuclear fusion. Dokl. Akad. Nauk Ukr., 1993(4): p. 86 (in Russian).

First Author: Pokropivnii, V. V.
All Authors: Pokropivnii, V. V.
Keywords: theory, dineutron


1842. Pons, S. and M. Fleischmann. Heat After Death. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Pons, S.
All Authors: Pons, S., Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, ICCF-4, electrolysis

Abstract We have described elsewhere . . . that Pd and Pd-alloy electrodes cathodically polarised in D2O solutions under extreme conditions can drive the calorimetric cells to the boiling point. We have then adopted the procedure of allowing the cells to boil to dryness. For these conditions the galvanostats are driven to the rail voltage (100 V) but the cell current is reduced to zero. We have then found that cells which contained D2O frequently remain at high temperatures (in the vicinity of 100C) before cooling rapidly to the bath temperature. Cells containing H2O can also be driven to the boiling point but such cells cool immediately on terminating the experiments. This phenomenon has become known as "Heat after Death" (the death referring to cessation of polarisation). Calibrations of the cells for such conditions show the generation of high levels of enthalpy at zero enthalpy input. Methods of investigating such systems will be outlined.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSheatafterd.pdf


1843. Preparata, G. Cold Fusion '93': Some Theoretical Ideas. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-4


1844. Preparata, G. Comments on the Criticisms of M. Rabinowitz. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory, critique, Rabinowitz, ICCF-4


1845. Price, P.B., Advances in solid state nuclear track detectors. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., 1993. 22(1-4): p. 9.

First Author: Price, P. B.
All Authors: Price, P. B.
Keywords: particle emission, method


1846. Quickenden, T.I. and T.A. Green, A calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O and H2O at palladium cathodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 344: p. 167.

First Author: Quickenden, T. I.
All Authors: Quickenden, T. I., Green, T. A.
Keywords: heat-, electrolysis, D2O, H2O


1847. Rabinowitz, M. Response to G. Preparata. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory, critique, Preparata, ICCF-4


1848. Rabinowitz, M., Phenomenological Theory for Short Coherence Length Superconductivity. Chem. Phys. Lett., 1993. 216: p. 571.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: superconductivity, theory


1849. Rabinowitz, M., Do the Laws of Nature and Physics Agree On What is Allowed and Forbidden? 21st Century Sci. & Technol., 1993. Spring.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: review, theory


1850. Rabinowitz, M., et al. Opposition and Support for Cold Fusion. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Rabinowitz, M.
All Authors: Rabinowitz, M., Kim, Y. E., Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: theory, critique, ICCF-4


1851. Ramamurthy, H., et al. Further Studies on Excess Heat Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Ramamurthy, H.
All Authors: Ramamurthy, H., Srinivasan, M., Mukherjee, U. K., Adi Babu, P.
Keywords: H2O, heat+, tritium+, Ni, K2CO3, Na2CO3, Li2CO3, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1852. Ransford, H.E. and S.J. Pike. Apparatus for Safely ExtendingCold Fusion Investigations to High Temperature, Pressure and Input Power Regimes. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Ransford, H. E.
All Authors: Ransford, H. E., Pike, S. J.
Keywords: heat, method, ICCF-4


1853. Romodanov, V.A., et al. Reproducibility of Tritium Generation From Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Romodanov, V. A.
All Authors: Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Elksnin, V., Skuratnik, Ya. B.
Keywords: W, Nb, Gas Discharge, tritium, D2, theory, ICCF-4


1854. Romodanov, V.A., et al. Concept of Target Material Choice for Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Media. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Romodanov, V. A.
All Authors: Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Korneev, S., Skuratni, Y.
Keywords: Gas Discharge, theory, method, ICCF-4


1855. Rout, R.K., et al., Update on observation of low-energy emissions from deuterated and hydrated palladium. Indian J. Technol., 1993. 31: p. 551.

First Author: Rout, R. K.
All Authors: Rout, R. K., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Krishnan, M. S.
Keywords: Pd, D2, H2, CR-39, film


1856. Russell, J.L., On the nature of the cold fusion process. Ann. Nucl. Energy, 1993. 20: p. 227.

First Author: Russell, J. L.
All Authors: Russell, J. L.
Keywords: theory, dineutron


1857. Sakamoto, S. Observations of Cold Fusion Neutrons from Condensed Matter. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Sakamoto, S.
All Authors: Sakamoto, S.
Keywords: neutron, Pd, D2O, NaOH, ICCF-4, electrolysis


1858. Samgin, A.L., et al. The Influence of Conductivity on Neutron Generation Process in Proton Conducting Solid Electrolytes. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Samgin, A. L.
All Authors: Samgin, A. L., Baraboshkin, A. N., Murigin, I., Tsvetkov, S. A., Andreev, V. S., Vakarin, S. V.
Keywords: neutron proton conductor SrCeO, ICCF-4


1859. Sankaranarayanan, M., et al. Investigation of Low Level Tritium Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Sankaranarayanan, M.
All Authors: Sankaranarayanan, M., Srinivasan, M., Bajpai, M., Gupta, D. S.
Keywords: H2O, Ni, tritium, ICCF-4 electrolysis


1860. Sankaranarayanan, M., et al. Investigation of Low Level Tritium Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells. in ICCF4, Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Sankaranarayanan, M.
All Authors: Sankaranarayanan, M., Srinivasan, M., Bajpai, M., Gupta, D. S.
Keywords: H2O, Ni, tritium


1861. Savvatimova, I., Y. Kucherov, and A.B. Karabut. Cathode Material Change after Deuterium Glow Discharge Experiments. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Savvatimova, I.
All Authors: Savvatimova, I., Kucherov, Y., Karabut, A. B.
Keywords: Pd, gas discharge, D2, fission, transmutation, Helium, radioactivity, gamma emission ICCF-4

The results of impurity concentration measurements in a palladium cathode by different methods before and after deuterium glow discharge experiments are presented. The concentration of some impurities increases up to 104 times. Elements appear which cannot be found in the discharge environment. Autoradiography of cathode samples shows that isotopes with different radiation energy (less than 20 keV and more 100 keV) exist in the cathode after experiment. The obtained results cannot be explained by the existence of a conventional fusion reaction, but may be explained by a more complex fusion-fission reaction.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Savvatimovcathodemat.pdf


1862. Scaramuzzi, F., La fusione fredda quattro anni dopo (Cold fusion four years later). Chim. Ind. (Milan), 1993. 75(5): p. 425 (in Italian).

First Author: Scaramuzzi, F.
All Authors: Scaramuzzi, F.
Keywords: review


1863. Schwinger, J. Cold Fusion, A Brief History of Mine. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-4

As Polonius might have said: "Neither a true-believer nor a disbeliever be." From the very beginning in a radio broadcast on the evening of March 23, 1989, I have asked myselfnot whether Pons and Fleischmann are rightbut whether a mechanism can be identified that will produce nuclear energy by manipulations at the atomic-the chemical-level. Of course, the acceptance of that interpretation of their data is needed as a working hypothesis, in order to have quantitative tests of proposed mechanisms.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchwingerJcoldfusionb.pdf


1864. Shirakawa, T., et al., A neutron emission from lithium niobate fracture. Chem. Lett., 1993: p. 897.

First Author: Shirakawa, T.
All Authors: Shirakawa, T., Chiba, M., Fujii, M., Sueki, K., Miyamoto, S., Nakamitsu, Y., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Fukushima, K., Hirose, T., Seimiya, T., Nakahara, H.
Keywords: fractofusion, ball mill LiNbO, neutron, titanium Pd


1865. Shirakawa, T., et al. Particle Acceleration and Neutron Emission in a Fracture Process of a Piezoelectric Material. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Shirakawa, T.
All Authors: Shirakawa, T., Fujii, M., Chiba, M., Sueki, K., Ikebe, T., Yamaoka, S., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Hirose, T., Nakahara, H., Utsumi, M.
Keywords: fractofusion, LiNbO3, D2, ICCF-4, H2


1866. Silver, D.S., J. Dash, and P.S. Keefe, Surface topography of a palladium cathode after electrolysis in heavy water. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 423.

First Author: Silver, D. S.
All Authors: Silver, D. S., Dash, J., Keefe, P. S.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis, tritium, neutron, gamma emission, transmutation


1867. Storms, E. The Status of "Cold Fusion". in 28th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. 1993. Atlanta, GA.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: review


1868. Storms, E. Some Characteristics of Heat Production Using the "Cold Fusion" Effect. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, temperature, Current Density, electrolysis, ICCF-4

Additional evidence is presented to show that heat production resulting from the Pons-Fleischmann Effect has a positive temperature coefficient, has a critical onset current density, and originates at the palladium cathode.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEsomecharac.pdf


1869. Storms, E., Measurements of excess heat from a Pons-Fleischmann-type electrolytic cell using palladium sheet. Fusion Technol., 1993. 23: p. 230.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: heat+, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, excess volume, crack

Two pieces of palladium sheet similar to that used by Takahashi were loaded with deuterium in a Pons-Fleischmann-type electrolytic cell, and heat production was measured. One sheet produced a steady increase in excess power that reached 7.5 W (20% of input power) before the study was interrupted. A second similar sheet from a different batch of palladium did not produce any measurable excess power. There were differences in the loading behavior, the maximum stoichiometry, and the presence of excess volume in the deuteride made from these materials. The first sheet contained 0.8% excess volume after having been deloaded from its maximum deuterium/palladium (D/Pd) ratio of 0.82 to 0.73, and the second sheet contained 13.5% excess volume while at its maximum ratio of 0.75. The high excess volume in the latter case is an indication of internal escape paths that reduce the required high D/Pd ratio.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEmeasuremena.pdf


1870. Stroka, A., B. Baranowski, and S.M. Filipek, Search for 3He and 4He in Pd-D2 system long term cumulation experiment in high pressure. Pol. J. Chem., 1993. 67: p. 353.

First Author: Stroka, A.
All Authors: Stroka, A., Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M.
Keywords: helium, Pd, D2


1871. Stukan, P.A., Y.M. Rumyantsev, and A.V. Shishkov, Generation of hard radiation and accumulation of tritium during electrolysis of heavy water. High Energy Chem., 1993. 27: p. 461.

First Author: Stukan, P. A.
All Authors: Stukan, P. A., Rumyantsev, Yu. M., Shishkov, A. V.
Keywords: electrolysis, tritium, radiation, heat-, neutron, D2O, H2O, Pd


1872. Sun, D.L., et al., An explanation for the abnormal temperature rise of palladium cathode during electrochemical deuterium charging. Science in China A, 1993. 36: p. 1501.

First Author: Sun, D. L.
All Authors: Sun, D. L., Lei, Y. Q., Wu, J., Wang, Q. D., Wang, R.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat


1873. Swartz, M.R. A Method to Improve Algorithms Used to Detect Steady State Excess Enthalpy. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Swartz, M. R.
All Authors: Swartz, M. R.
Keywords: heat, method, ICCF-4


1874. Swartz, M.R. Some Lessons From Optical Examination of the PFC Phase-II Calorimetric Curves. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Swartz, M. R.
All Authors: Swartz, M. R.
Keywords: Fleischmann, critique, heat, evaluation, ICCF-4


1875. Takahashi, A., Cold fusion research: present status. Koon Gakkaishi, 1993. 19(5): p. 179 (in Japanese).

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A.
Keywords: Review


1876. Takahashi, A., Production of neutron, tritium and excess heat. Oyo Butsuri, 1993. 62: p. 707 (In Japanese).

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, loading, heat, neutron, Pd


1877. Taniguchi, R. Characteristic Peak Structures on Charged Particle Spectra During Electrolysis Experiment. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Taniguchi, R.
All Authors: Taniguchi, R.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, energy, ICCF-4


1878. Taubes, G., Bad science. The short life and weird times of cold fusion. 1993, NY: Random House.

First Author: Taubes, G.
All Authors: Taubes, G.
Keywords: history, book,


1879. Taylor, S.F., et al. Search for Neutrons from Deuterated Palladium Subject to High Electric Currents. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Taylor, S. F.
All Authors: Taylor, S. F., Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Jones, S. E.
Keywords: neutron, tritium, Pd, D, ICCF-4


1880. Thompkins, P. and C. Byrd, The Secret Life of Plants. 1993, New York: Penguin Books.

First Author: Thompkins, P.
All Authors: Thompkins, P., Byrd, C.
Keywords: transmutation, biological,


1881. Thompson, D.T., Further Evidence for Cold Fusion, A Report on the Third International Conference. Platinum Met. Rev., 1993. 37(1): p. 14.

First Author: Thompson, D. T.
All Authors: Thompson, D. T.
Keywords: review


1882. Tisenko, Y.A., Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. I. Sov. Phys. J., 1993. 36: p. 764.

First Author: Tisenko, Yu. A.
All Authors: Tisenko, Yu. A.
Keywords: discussion


1883. Tisenko, Y.A., Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. II. Sov. Phys. J., 1993. 36: p. 769.

First Author: Tisenko, Yu. A.
All Authors: Tisenko, Yu. A.
Keywords: titanium single crystal, ultrasound accustic


1884. Tsvetkov, S.A., et al., Molecular-dynamics calculation of phase transitions in the Pd-D system and cold nuclear fusion. Phys. Metals Metallogr., 1993. 76: p. 399.

First Author: Tsvetkov, S. A.
All Authors: Tsvetkov, S. A., Bondarenko, N. B., Bel'tyukov, I. L., Varaksin, A. N., Zhivoderov, A. A.
Keywords: Theory, phase transition, PdD, distance


1885. Tuggle, D.G., T.N. Claytor, and S.F. Taylor. Tritium Evolution from Various Morphologies of Palladium. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Tuggle, D. G.
All Authors: Tuggle, D. G., Claytor, T. N., Taylor, S. F.
Keywords: tritium, Pd, Gas Discharge, D2, ICCF-4


1886. Uchikawa, H., T. Okazaki, and K. Sato, New Technique of Activating Palladium Surface for Absorption of Hydrogen or Deuterium. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, 1993. 32: p. 5095.

First Author: Uchikawa, H.
All Authors: Uchikawa, H., Okazaki, T., Sato, K.
Keywords: loading, Pd, H, D, method

This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins:

Activation is carried out by heating a Pd specimen at about 600 C for several minutes in air. The activated surface is blue, and it is bleached when immersed hi hydrogen gas. The blue film is identified as PdO, and the bleached surface consists of nanocrystallites of metallic Pd, as proved by electron diffraction. An activated Pd plate 0.7 mm in thickness is capable of absorbing, in 1 h, about 70 at% of H or D, the saturation value, in hydrogen gas of 1 atm at room temperature. The atomic ratio of H absorbed in Pd has been estimated to be about 70% when Pd metal is in equilibrium with hydrogen gas of 1 atm at 25C. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/UchikawaHnewtechniq.pdf


1887. Vaidya, S.N., Comments on the model for coherent deuteron-deuteron fusion in crystalline Pd-D lattice. Fusion Technol., 1993. 24: p. 112.

First Author: Vaidya, S. N.
All Authors: Vaidya, S. N.
Keywords: theory, coherent


1888. Vysotskii, V. and R. Kuz'min. On Possibility of Non-Barrier DD-Fusion in Volume of Boiling D2O During Electrolysis. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Vysotskii, V.
All Authors: Vysotskii, V., Kuz'min, R.
Keywords: theory, bubble, ICCF-4


1889. Waisman, J.L. and N.J. Kertamus. Excess Heat; The Microprinciples. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Waisman, J. L.
All Authors: Waisman, J. L., Kertamus, N. J.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-4


1890. Wang, D., et al., Neutrons, gamma-rays and x-rays in a gas discharge. Yuanzi Yu Fenzi Wuli Xuebao, 1993. 10(3): p. 2789 (in Chinese).

First Author: Wang, D.
All Authors: Wang, D., Chen, S., Li, Y., Liu, R., Wang, M., Fu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S.
Keywords: gas discharge, D2, neutron, x-ray, gamma emission, Pd


1891. Wang, X., et al. A New Device for measuring Neutron Bursts in Cold Fusion Experiments. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Wang, X.
All Authors: Wang, X., Tang, P., Zhang, W., Liu, H., Lu, F., Chen, G., Liu, J., Chen, Z., Zhu, R.
Keywords: titanium D2, neutron, method ICCF-4


1892. Will, F.G., K. Cedzynska, and D.C. Linton. Tritium Generation in Palladium Cathodes With High Deuterium Loading. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Will, F. G.
All Authors: Will, F. G., Cedzynska, K., Linton, D. C.
Keywords: tritium, Pd, D2O, contamination, D/Pd, electrolysis, ICCF-4

Tritium up to fifty times background has been observed upon electrolyzing 1N D2 SO4 in four out of four cells when using Pd cathodes "of a certain type". No tritium was detected in four control cells, containing H2S04 in H2O, employing Pd cathodes cut from the same wire spool. Tritium amounts were from 7 x 10^10 to 2.1 10^11 atoms, corresponding to average generation rates from 5.1 10^4 to 2 10^5 atoms/sec/cm^2. In all cases, D/Pd and H/Pd loadings of 1 0.05 were attained. A cyclic loading/unloading regime rather than the usual continuous constant current regime was applied to attain these high loadings. Tritium analysis was performed in Pd, electrolyte and the gas head space of the sealed cells. Maximum tritium concentrations of 8.9 10^10 atoms/g Pd, 180 times the detection limit, were found in the D-loaded Pd cathodes, none in the Η-loaded Pd, Also, no tritium within detection limit was found in 150 unused Pd pieces. Of these, 13 were cut randomly from the same wire spool as the four D-loaded Pd cathodes. The probability that the tritium in the latter was due to random spot contamination is computed as 1 in 2,380. It is concluded that the tritium was generated by nuclear reactions in the Pd. However, no tritium was detected in four D-loaded Pd cathodes of a different type in spite of attaining loadings D/Pd = 1. Different metallurgical history and impurity contents may play an important role.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGtritiumgen.pdf


1893. Will, F.G., K. Cedzynska, and D.C. Linton, Reproducible tritium generation in electrochemical cells employing palladium cathodes with high deuterium loading. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1993. 360: p. 161.

First Author: Will, F. G.
All Authors: Will, F. G., Cedzynska, K., Linton, D. C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, H2O, loading

Reproducible tritium generation well above background has been observed in tightly closed D2SO4-containing cells in four out of four Pd wire cathodes of one type. Tritium analysis was performed before and after each experiment on the Pd, the electrolyte and the gas in the head space. No tritium generation was observed in four identical Pd cathodes in H2SO4 cells operated at the same time under the same conditions. A cyclic loading-unloading regime with low current densities, rather than the usual continuous constant current regime, was employed to attain D/Pd and H/Pd loadings of 1 0.05 reproducibly. D/Pd loadings greater than 0.8 0.05 appear to be necessary to generate tritium. The largest amount of tritium, generated in 7 days of continuous electrolysis, was 2.1 x 10E11 tritium atoms, compared with a background of 4 x 10E9 tritium atoms. The concentration of tritium and its axial distribution in the Pd were determined and concentrations of up to 9 x 10E10 atoms/g Pd were found compared with a maximum background of 5 x 10E8 atoms g-1. The T/D ratio in the Pd is about 100 times larger than in the electrolyte or gas and indicates that tritium generation occurs in the Pd interior rather than at its surface. No tritium generation was observed in two other types of Pd electrodes in D2SO4, despite the attainment of D/Pd ratios near 1:1. Thus high D/Pd ratios appear to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for tritium generation in D2SO4 electrolysis.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGreproducib.pdf


1894. Wolf, K.L., Activation Data and Reaction Update. 1993: LANL Memo from T. Claytor.

First Author: Wolf, K. L.
All Authors: Wolf, K. L.
Keywords: transmutation,


1895. Yamaguchi, E. and T. Nishioka, Helium-4 production and its correlation with heat evolution. Oyo Butsuri, 1993. 62(7): p. 712 (in Japanese).

First Author: Yamaguchi, E.
All Authors: Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T.
Keywords: review, Pd helium PdD


1896. Yamaguchi, E. and T. Nishioka, Helium-4 production from deuterated palladium. Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, 1993. 69(7): p. 743 (in Japanese).

First Author: Yamaguchi, E.
All Authors: Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T.
Keywords: Au-Pd-PdO, helium, D2, coating


1897. Zhang, F.X. and S.X. Jin, Effect of electron screening and ionic correlation on the fusion rate of deuterium in Pd/D system. Chin. Sci. Bull., 1993. 38(9): p. 718.

First Author: Zhang, F. X.
All Authors: Zhang, F. X., Jin, S. X.
Keywords: Theory, plasma


1898. Zhang, Q.Q., et al. The Excess Heat Experiments on Cold Fusion in a Titanium Lattice. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Zhang, Q. Q.
All Authors: Zhang, Q. Q., Gou, Z., Zhu, J., Lou, F., Liu, J. S., Miao, B., Ye, A., Cheng, S.
Keywords: titanium, D2O heat+, surface analysis, structure, electrolysis ICCF-4


1899. Zhong, L.X. Searching for Truth With High Expectations- 5 Year Studies on Cold Fusion in China. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1993. Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Zhong, L. X.
All Authors: Zhong, L. X.
Keywords: review, ICCF-4


1900. Zhu, S., et al., An investigation of cold fusion. Nucl. Techniques (China), 1993. 16(8): p. 475 (in Chinese).

First Author: Zhu, S.
All Authors: Zhu, S., Xiao, X., Lu, T., Chen, Q., Que, Z., Liu, J., Xie, H., Sha, R., Liu, F., Sun, H.
Keywords: electrolysis, D2, neutron


1901. ABC, "Good Morning America". 1994.

First Author: ABC
All Authors: ABC
Keywords: history


1902. Afanaseyev, V.P., et al. On the Possibility of D-D Fusion Stimulation by High-Current Arc Discharge in Gas-Filled Metal. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Afanaseyev, V. P.
All Authors: Afanaseyev, V. P., Dyuzhev, G. A., Logatchev, A. A., Tsirkel', B. I., Shkolnik, S. M., Kazarinov, N., Solin, L. M.
Keywords: Ti, Pd, D2, gas discharge, neutron


1903. Andresen, B.D., et al., Potentially explosive organic reaction mechanisms in Pd/D2O electrochemical cells. Chem. Health Safety, 1994. 1: p. 44.

First Author: Andresen, B. D.
All Authors: Andresen, B. D., Whipple, R. E., Alcaraz, A., Haas, J. S., Grant, P. M.
Keywords: explosion, SRI, accident


1904. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, A new energy generated in DS-cathode with 'Pd-black'. Koon Gakkaishi, 1994. 20(4): p. 148 (in Japanese).

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: Pd-black heat+ particle

Abstract: It was verified that a new kind of energy is caused by "Spillover-Deuterium" generated in a double structure (DS)-cathode with "Pd-black". Using this cathode, the authors confirmed the sustained production of a significantly abnormal amount of energy over a period of several months that could not be ascribed to chemical reaction energy. The chemical reaction energy of 0.1 [mol] Pd-black used is only 4[kJ], but more than 200[MJ] of excess energy was continuously produced for over 3000 [hr] at an average rate of 50-100 [kJ/hr] using a DS-cathode with a same quantity of Pd-black. Intermittent operation over a period of two years using this structure proved the complete reproducibility of these results.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYanewenergy.pdf


1905. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, A new energy caused by "Spillover-deuterium". Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1994. 70 ser. B: p. 106.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: Pd-black, D2 surface analysis, heat+, structure


1906. Asami, N. and K. Matsui, Research and development for new hydrogen energy. Mater. Adv. Energy Systems & Fission and Fusion Eng., 1994. 7: p. 119.

First Author: Asami, N.
All Authors: Asami, N., Matsui, K.
Keywords: NHE


1907. Astakhov, I.I., et al., Diffusion of hydrogen isotopes in palladium hydride and deuteride in the presence of lithium. Russ. J. Electrochem., 1994. 30: p. 1379.

First Author: Astakhov, I. I.
All Authors: Astakhov, I. I., Kazarinov, V. E., Reznikova, L. A., Teplitskaya, G. L.
Keywords: diffusion, PdH, PdD, Li, PdLiH


1908. Baird, J.K., Isotope effect in hydrogen atom diffusion in metals. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994. submitted.

First Author: Baird, J. K.
All Authors: Baird, J. K.
Keywords: diffusion, PdD, PdH


1909. Baranowski, B., S.M. Filipek, and W. Raczynski, Electrolytic charging of palladium by deuterium at normal and high pressure conditions. Pol. J. Chem., 1994. 68: p. 845.

First Author: Baranowski, B.
All Authors: Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M., Raczynski, W.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, pressure, loading, D2, D2O


1910. Barrowes, S.C. and H.E. Bergeson. Linear, High Precision, Redundant Calorimeter. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1994. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Barrowes, S. C.
All Authors: Barrowes, S. C., Bergeson, H. E.
Keywords: calorimeter, method, ICCF-4


1911. Bass, R.W. A Semi-Classical Quantized Theory of Lattice Induced Nuclear Transformations. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Bass, R. W.
All Authors: Bass, R. W.
Keywords: theory


1912. Bass, R.W. Is the Coulomb Fusion "Barrier" a Resonantly Transparent Mirror? Refutation of the Conventional Cold Fusion 'QM-Impossibility' "Proof". in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Bass, R. W.
All Authors: Bass, R. W.
Keywords: theory


1913. Basteev, A.V. and L.A. Nechiporenko, Activation of solid-phase deflagration of hydrogen-containing energy-storing substances. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 1994. 19: p. 739.

First Author: Basteev, A. V.
All Authors: Basteev, A. V., Nechiporenko, L. A.
Keywords: review, fractofusion


1914. Blagus, S., et al., Evidence for neutron production during heavy water electrolysis on palladium electrode. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 105.

First Author: Blagus, S.
All Authors: Blagus, S., Bogovac, M., Drasner, A., Vukovic, M.
Keywords: sintered Pd, electrolysis, neutron, D2O


1915. Bockris, J., Were the Seeds of the Decay of the West Sown in 1650? 1994.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J.
Keywords: history, review


1916. Bockris, J. and R. Sundaresan, Electrochemistry, Tritium, and Transmutation. 1994.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Sundaresan, R.
Keywords: tritium, electrolysis, transmutation, Fe, review


1917. Bockris, J. and R. Sundaresan. Electrochemistry, Tritium and Transmutation. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Sundaresan, R.
Keywords: review


1918. Bockris, J., et al. Triggering of Heat and Sub-Surface Changes in Pd-D Systems. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1994. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Sundaresan, R., Letts, D., Minevski, Z.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, RF, magnet, overvoltage, theory, OCV, high frequency, theory, ICCF-4

I. INTRODUCTION
More than four years after the first reports of chemically stimulated nuclear reactions, the triggering of heat evolution and the production of associated nuclear debris remains a highly uncertain matter. Both the duration of the switch-on time and, indeed, whether a given electrode will commence to show nuclear activity within 500 hours of the beginning of electrolysis, remain unclear.
In the present study, three methods of triggering anomalous heat are described. The changes in the sub-surface of palladium during the evolution of D2 or H2 are described as a function of potential, temperature and time.
Finally, these results are evaluated against the present theories of heat production in metals.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJtriggering.pdf


1919. Brightson, R., Cluster Theory. 1994: Clustron Sciences Corp.

First Author: Brightson, R.
All Authors: Brightson, R.
Keywords: theory, clustron,


1920. Brown, B. Lithium Fission to Fuse Deuterium? in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Brown, B.
All Authors: Brown, B.
Keywords: theory


1921. Browne, M.W., New Shot at Cold Fusion by Pumping Sound Waves into Tiny Bubbles, in New York Times. 1994: NYEditor. p. 5.

First Author: Browne, M. W.
All Authors: Browne, M. W.
Keywords: sonoluminescence, accustic, Hot Fusion, newspaper


1922. Bruschi, M., U. Marconi, and A. Zoccoli. The neutron spectrometer of the cold fusion experiment under the Gran Sasso Laboratory. in Hadronic Phys., Winter Course 8th 1993. 1994. World Sci., Singapore.

First Author: Bruschi, M.
All Authors: Bruschi, M., Marconi, U., Zoccoli, A.
Keywords: neutron, method.


1923. Bush, B.F. and M. Miles. Practical Aspects of Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Bush, B. F.
All Authors: Bush, B. F., Miles, M.
Keywords: heat+, He+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis


1924. Bush, R.T. An Interpretation of the Piantelli Effect Based Upon the LANT Hypothesis and ECFM Model for Cold Fusion. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory


1925. Bush, R.T. Evidence for an electrolytically induced shift in the abundance ratio of Sr-88 and Sr-86. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: Pd, Sr, D2O, isotope ratio


1926. Bush, R.T., A Unifying Model for Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 431.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory screening


1927. Bush, R.T. and R.D. Eagleton, Evidence for Electrolytically Induced Transmutation and Radioactivity Correlated with Excess Heat in Electrolytic Cells with Light Water Rubidium Salt Electrolytes. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 334.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: Rb, transmutation H2O, Ni, heat+ radioactivity


1928. Celani, F., et al. D/Pd Loading Ratio up to 1.2:1 by High Power µS Pulsed Electrolysis in Pd Plates. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Boutet, M., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, pulse loading


1929. Champion, J., Explanation of Observed Nuclear Events Associated with Cold Fusion and Similar Low Energy Nuclear Reactions. 1994.

First Author: Champion, J.
All Authors: Champion, J.
Keywords: Theory, transmutation


1930. Champion, J., History of Transmutation Research. 1994.

First Author: Champion, J.
All Authors: Champion, J.
Keywords: transmutation, theory


1931. Chang, Y.F. and C.Z. Yu. The Physical-Chemical and Nuclear Multistage Reaction Mechanism and the Multistage Ignition Condition on Cold Fusion. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Chang, Y. F.
All Authors: Chang, Y. F., Yu, C. Z.
Keywords: theory


1932. Chechin, V.A. and V.A. Tsarev, On the nonstationary quantum-mechanical origin of nuclear reactions in solids. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 469.

First Author: Chechin, V. A.
All Authors: Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion


1933. Chechin, V.A., et al., Critical review of theoretical models for anomalous effects in deuterated metals. Int. J. Theo. Phys., 1994. 33: p. 617.

First Author: Chechin, V. A.
All Authors: Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A., Rabinowitz, M., Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: Review, theory critique

We briefly summarize the reported anomalous effects in deuterated metals at ambient temperature, commonly known as "Cold Fusion" (CF), with an emphasis on important experiments as well as the theoretical basis for the opposition to interpreting them as cold fusion. Then we critically examine more than 25 theoretical models for CF, including unusual nuclear and exotic chemical hypotheses. We conclude that they do not explain the data.

From: http://arxiv1.library.cornell.edu/vc/nucl-th/papers/0303/0303057v1.pdf

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChechinVAcriticalre.pdf


1934. Cheek, G.T. and W.E. O'Grady, Measurement of H/D uptake characteristics at palladium using a quartz crystal microbalance. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 368: p. 133.

First Author: Cheek, G. T.
All Authors: Cheek, G. T., O'Grady, W. E.
Keywords: loading, method, D, H, diffusion, film


1935. Chen, C.L. and J.K. Wu, Electrolytic hydrogen transport in palladium. J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 1994. 13: p. 84.

First Author: Chen, C. L.
All Authors: Chen, C. L., Wu, J. K.
Keywords: loading, Pd, H2O, electrolysis


1936. Chen, Y.P. and S.D. Cai, Dynamic screening effect from acoustic plasmons. Science in China A, 1994. 37((1)): p. 62.

First Author: Chen, Y. P.
All Authors: Chen, Y. P., Cai, S. D.
Keywords: Theory, shielding


1937. Chindarkar, A.R., et al., Observation of Anomalous Emissions of High Energy (=1 MeV) Charged Particles When 5 keV Protons Impinge on Palladium and Titanium Foils. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 197.

First Author: Chindarkar, A. R.
All Authors: Chindarkar, A. R., Paithankar, A. S., Bhagwat, A. M., Naik, G. R., Iyyengar, S. K., Srinivasan, M.
Keywords: particle emission, Pd, H2, ion implantation, Ti


1938. Chubb, S.R. and T.A. Chubb, The Role of Hydrogen Ion Band States in Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 414.

First Author: Chubb, S. R.
All Authors: Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A.
Keywords: theory, ion band, wave


1939. Chubb, T.A. and S.R. Chubb. Ion Band States: What They Are, and How They Affect Cold Fusion. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Chubb, T. A.
All Authors: Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R.
Keywords: theory


1940. Collis, W.J.M.F., Oklo Isotope Anomalies and Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 525.

First Author: Collis, W. J. M. F.
All Authors: Collis, W. J. M. F.
Keywords: Oklo


1941. Czerwinski, A., Influence of lithium cations on hydrogen and deuterium electrosorption in palladium. Electrochim. Acta, 1994. 39: p. 431.

First Author: Czerwinski, A.
All Authors: Czerwinski, A.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, Li, loading, surface analysis


1942. Dash, J., G. Noble, and D. Diman. Changes in Surface Topography and Microcomposition of a Palladium Cathode Caused by Electrolysis in Acidified Light Water. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Dash, J.
All Authors: Dash, J., Noble, G., Diman, D.
Keywords: Ti, D2O, H2SO4, heat+, transmutation


1943. Dash, J., G. Noble, and D. Diman, Surface Morphology and Microcomposition of Palladium Cathodes After Electrolysis in Acified Light and Heavy Water: Correlation With Excess Heat. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 299.

First Author: Dash, J.
All Authors: Dash, J., Noble, G., Diman, D.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, structure, transmutation


1944. David, F., Theorie de la diafluidite. Fusion, 1994. 49: p. 58 (in French).

First Author: David, F.
All Authors: David, F.
Keywords: Theory, fluidity, superconductivity, superfluidity


1945. De Ninno, A. and V. Violante, Study of deuterium charging in palladium by electrolysis of heavy water. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 1304.

First Author: De Ninno, A.
All Authors: De Ninno, A., Violante, V.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, D2, diffusion, loading


1946. Deryagin, B.V., et al., On the initiation of the nuclear fusion reaction in deuterated ferroelectric at its polarisation reversal induced by an electric field. Dokl, Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1994. 336: p. 753 (in Russian).

First Author: Deryagin, B. V.
All Authors: Deryagin, B. V., Andriankin, E. I., Kutikov, A. A., Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, ferroelectrics, polarisation reversal, fractofusion


1947. Deryagin, B.V., et al., On the possibility of initiation of nuclear fusion in deuterated ferroelectrics by polarisation reversal waves at T < Tc. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., 1994. 334(3): p. 291 (in Russian).

First Author: Deryagin, B. V.
All Authors: Deryagin, B. V., Andriankin, E. I., Lipson, A. G., Metelkin, E. V., Sakov, D. M., Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, ferroelectric, neutron


1948. Drexler, J., Self-catalyzed nuclear fusion of lithium-6 and deuterium using alpha particles. 1994: World WO 94/16446.

First Author: Drexler, J.
All Authors: Drexler, J.
Keywords: method, patent,


1949. Eagleton, R.D. Experimental Details for Light Water Cold Fusion Research at Cal. Poly.- Pomona. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Eagleton, R. D.
All Authors: Eagleton, R. D.
Keywords: Ni, H2O, electrolysis, method


1950. EPRI. Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 1: Plenary Session Papers, TR-104188-V1. 1994. Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii: Electric Power Research Institute.

First Author: EPRI
All Authors: EPRI
Keywords:

ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 1. From:

http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V1

This meeting was the latest in a series of conferences devoted to a new area of scientific endeavor, variously called, "Deuterated Metals Research," "Anomalous Nuclear Phenomena in Solids," and "New Hydrogen Energy."

A number of new experimental approaches were presented including the use of ceramic proton conductors at high temperature and the use of ultrasonic cavitation in heavy water to load palladium and titanium foils with deuterium.

The 125 papers that were presented were divided so that Volume 1 contains all the papers received from authors who participated in the four plenary sessions, Volume 2 includes contributed papers on calorimetry and materials, Volume 3 has contributions on nuclear particle detection and measurement, and Volume 4 contains the papers contributed on theory and special topics.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf


1951. EPRI. Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 2: Calorimetry and Materials Papers, TR-104188-V2. 1994. Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii: Electric Power Research Institute.

First Author: EPRI
All Authors: EPRI
Keywords:

ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 2. From:

http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V2

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceedinga.pdf


1952. EPRI. Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 3: Nuclear Measurements Papers, TR-104188-V3. 1994. Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii: Electric Power Research Institute.

First Author: EPRI
All Authors: EPRI
Keywords:

ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 3. From:

http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V3

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceedingb.pdf


1953. EPRI. Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 4: Theory and Special Topics Papers, TR-104188-V4. 1994. Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii: Electric Power Research Institute.

First Author: EPRI
All Authors: EPRI
Keywords:

ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 4. From:

http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V4

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceedingc.pdf


1954. Fedorovich, G.V., Screening of the Coulomb potential in a nondegenerate hydrogen isotope gas. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 120.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, screening


1955. Fedorovich, G.V., Ferroelectrics for Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 474.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


1956. Fernandez, J.F., F. Cuevas, and C. Sanchez, Deuterium concentration profiles in electrochemically deuterated titanium and their evolution after electrolysis. J. Alloys Comp., 1994. 205: p. 303.

First Author: Fernandez, J. F.
All Authors: Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: electrolysis, Ti, loading, D2O, backscatterung, surface analysis


1957. Filimonov, V.A., Synergetic Activation Model: Key to Intense and Reproducible Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 455.

First Author: Filimonov, V. A.
All Authors: Filimonov, V. A.
Keywords: theory


1958. Filimonov, V.A. and V.A. Lishnevskii. Cold Fusion and Superfast Low-Temperature Chemical Processes in Solids: Common Basis for Understanding. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Filimonov, V. A.
All Authors: Filimonov, V. A., Lishnevskii, V. A.
Keywords: review


1959. Fleischmann, M., S. Pons, and D.R.O. Morrison, Reply to the critique by Morrison entitled 'Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by Fleischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 187: p. 276.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Morrison, D. R. O.
Keywords: critique, Morrison

These two documents first appeared in the Internet sci.physics.fusion forum in 1993. The first was written by Douglas Morrison (CERN), and the second by Martin Fleischmann (Univ. Southhampton) and Stanley Pons (IMRA Europe). A version of this was published as: Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Reply to the critique by Morrison entitled Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by FLeischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 187: p. 276. This debate refers mainly to paper "Calorimetry of the PD-D2O System: from Simplicity via Complications to Simplicity," published in Physics Letters A. A simlar paper was later published in the ICCF-3 conference proceedings and handed out by Fleischmann, which is on this web site.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanreplytothe.pdf


1960. Fleischmann, M., S. Pons, and G. Preparata, Possible theories of cold fusion. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107: p. 143.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory

Summary. -- We review some of the key facts in the phenomenology of Pd-hydrides usually referred to as cold fusion. We conclude that all theoretical attempts that concentrate only on few-body interactions, both electromagnetic and nuclear, are probably insufficient to explain such phenomena. On the other hand we find good indications that theories describing collective, coherent interactions among elementary constituents leading to macroscopic quantum-mechanical effects belong to the class of possible theories of those phenomena.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanpossibleth.pdf


1961. Focardi, S., R. Habel, and F. Piantelli, Anomalous heat production in Ni-H systems. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107A: p. 163.

First Author: Focardi, S.
All Authors: Focardi, S., Habel, R., Piantelli, F.
Keywords: Ni, H2, heat+


1962. Fox, H. Cold Nuclear Fusion, Space Energy Devices & Commercialization. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Fox, H.
All Authors: Fox, H.
Keywords: review


1963. Frolov, A.M. and V.H. Smith, On stimulated nuclear fusion in the cold generalized DT hydrides of fissionable elements. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 196: p. 217.

First Author: Frolov, A. M.
All Authors: Frolov, A. M., Smith, V. H.
Keywords: theory, fission


1964. Fukada, S., et al., Measurement of exoelectrons from palladium and palladium deuteride with gas proportional counter. J. Alloys Comp., 1994. 204: p. 223.

First Author: Fukada, S.
All Authors: Fukada, S., Furuya, S., Sakae, T., Mitsuishi, N.
Keywords: fractofusion, electron emission, Pd


1965. Fukai, Y. and N. Okuma, Formation of superabundant vacancies in Pd hydride under high hydrogen pressures. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994. 73: p. 1640.

First Author: Fukai, Y.
All Authors: Fukai, Y., Okuma, N.
Keywords: PdH, phase diagram, structure, high Pressure


1966. George, R., The cold fusion phenomenon -- An interview with Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan, in Cold Fusion. 1994.

First Author: George, R.
All Authors: George, R.
Keywords: Review

Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan was the head of the Neutron Physics Division and an Associate Director of the Physics Group of BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Center) in Mumbai (Bombay), India when this interview was held on March 1, 1994 at SRI International in Menlo Park, California. At that time he was a visiting scientist there, participating in the Cold Fusion experiments underway at the laboratories of the Energy Research Center.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GeorgeRthecoldfus.pdf


1967. Gluck, P. Cold Fusion - A Logical Network Approach. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Gluck, P.
All Authors: Gluck, P.
Keywords: theory


1968. Goodstein, D., Pariah Science. Whatever Happened to Cold Fusion? The American Scholar, 1994. 63(4): p. 527.

First Author: Goodstein, D.
All Authors: Goodstein, D.
Keywords: history


1969. Grant, P.M., et al., Hydrocarbon oil found in the interior of a 'cold fusion' electrolysis cell after fatal explosion. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 207.

First Author: Grant, P. M.
All Authors: Grant, P. M., Whipple, R. E., Alcaraz, A., Haas, J. S., Andresen, B. D.
Keywords: accident, SRI


1970. Green, T.A. and T.I. Quickenden, Electrolytic preparation of highly loaded deuterides of palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 368: p. 121.

First Author: Green, T. A.
All Authors: Green, T. A., Quickenden, T. I.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, heat, loading, method, review, resistance, D2O


1971. Gur, T.M., et al., An isoperibolic calorimeter to study electrochemical insertion of deuterium into palladium. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 487.

First Author: Gur, T. M.
All Authors: Gur, T. M., Schreiber, M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A.
Keywords: heat, method


1972. Handel, P., Thermoelectric excess heat effect in electrolytic cells. Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, 1994. 95: p. 489.

First Author: Handel, P.
All Authors: Handel, P.
Keywords: Theory, Peltier, critique


1973. Hansen, W.N. and M.E. Melich, Pd/D Calorimetry- The Key to the F/P Effect and a Challenge to Science. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 355.

First Author: Hansen, W. N.
All Authors: Hansen, W. N., Melich, M. E.
Keywords: critique, analysis, heat, Pons, Fleischmann


1974. Hoffman, N.J., Book Review of Taubes Book. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 225.

First Author: Hoffman, N. J.
All Authors: Hoffman, N. J.
Keywords: history, Book, Review


1975. Iller, C., Hadronic Circuit Diagrams and the secrets of Cold Nuclear Chemistry. Alchemy Today, 1994. 2: p. 149.

First Author: Iller, C.
All Authors: Iller, C.
Keywords: theory, superconductor, muon


1976. Ito, T., T. Kursawa, and T. Yaguchi, Concerning 'cold fusion'. Meiji Daigaku Nogakubu Hokoku, 1994. 100: p. 1 (in Japanese).

First Author: Ito, T.
All Authors: Ito, T., Kursawa, T., Yaguchi, T.
Keywords: Review


1977. Jin, S.X., et al., Deuterium absorbability and anomalous nuclear effect of YBCO high temperature superconductors. Chin. Sci. Bull., 1994. 39(2): p. 101.

First Author: Jin, S. X.
All Authors: Jin, S. X., Zhang, F. X., Liu, Y. Z., Shi, W. Q., Ou, W., Liu, S. X., Liu, X. J.
Keywords: superconductor, CR-39, D2, particle emission, YBa2Cu3O7


1978. Johnson, K.H. Jahn-Teller Symmetry Breaking and Hydrogen Energy in g-PdD "Cold Fusion" as Storage of Latent Heat of Water. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Johnson, K. H.
All Authors: Johnson, K. H.
Keywords: theory


1979. Johnson, K.H., Jahn-Teller Symmetry Breaking and Hydrogen Energy in g-PdD "Cold Fusion". Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 427.

First Author: Johnson, K. H.
All Authors: Johnson, K. H.
Keywords: theory, Jahn-Teller


1980. Jones, S.E., et al., Search for Neutron, Gamma, and X-Ray Emissions From Pd/LiOD Electrolytic Cells: A Null Result. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 143.

First Author: Jones, S. E.
All Authors: Jones, S. E., Jones, D., Shelton, D. S., Taylor, S. F.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, neutron, x-ray, electrolysis, negative


1981. Jorne, J., Neutron emission studies during the electrolysis of deuterium by using BaCeO3 solid electrolyte and palladium electrodes. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 244.

First Author: Jorne, J.
All Authors: Jorne, J.
Keywords: Solid electrolyte, D2, BaCeO3, proton conductor neutron


1982. Kapali, V., et al., Comparison of electrochemical behaviour of the Pd-NaOD and Pd-NaOH systems". J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 264: p. 95.

First Author: Kapali, V.
All Authors: Kapali, V., Ganesan, M., Kulandainathan, M. A., Mideen, A. S., Sarangapani, K. B., Balaramachandran, V., Iyer, S. V., Muthuramalingam, B.
Keywords: electrolyusis, Pd, diffusion, cluster, D2O, H2O, loading, OCV, surface


1983. Karabut, A.B., Y. Kucherov, and I.B. Savvatimova, Impurities in Cathode Material and Possible Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms in Glow Discharge. 1994.

First Author: Karabut, A. B.
All Authors: Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B.
Keywords: Gas Discharge, fusion, fission, Pd


1984. Kim, Y.E. Possible Evidence of Cold D(D,p)T Fusion from Dee's 1934 Experiment. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1994. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory resonance, Gamow


1985. Kim, Y.E., Possible Evidence of Cold D(D,p)T Fusion from Dee's 1934 Experiment. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 519.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: history

D(D,p)T fusion probabilities for the back-to-back proton-tritium tracks observed in Dees 1934 experiment are calculated using the conventional theory and found to be many orders of magnitude smaller than those inferred from Dees data. Our results indicate that Dees data may be evidence for cold fusion, possibly due to low-energy reaction barrier transparency as recently proposed. Therefore it is important to repeat Dees experiment with modern facilities.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEpossibleeva.pdf


1986. Kim, Y.E., et al. Reaction Barrier Transparency for Cold Fusion with Deuterium and Hydrogen. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1994. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J. H., Zubarev, A. L., Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory resonance, Gamow


1987. Kim, Y.E., et al., Reaction Barrier Transparency for Cold Fusion with Deuterium and Hydrogen. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 408.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J. H., Zubarev, A. L., Rabinowitz, M.
Keywords: theory resonance, Gamow

An improved parametric representation of Coulomb barrier penetration is presented. These detailed calculations are improvements upon the conventionally used Gamow tunneling coefficient. This analysis yields a reaction barrier transparency (RBT) which may have singular ramifications for cold fusion, as well as significant consequences in a wide variety of fusion settings.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEreactionbaa.pdf


1988. Kim, Y.E. and A.L. Zubarev, Improved Coulomb Barrier Transmission Coefficient for Nuclear Fusion Cross Sections. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 475.

First Author: Kim, Y. E.
All Authors: Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L.
Keywords: theory


1989. Koval'chuk, E.P., O.M. Yanchuk, and O.V. Reshetnyak, Electromagnetic radiation during electrolysis of heavy water. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 189: p. 15.

First Author: Koval'chuk, E. P.
All Authors: Koval'chuk, E. P., Yanchuk, O. M., Reshetnyak, O. V.
Keywords: Ni, Pd, electrolysis, radiation


1990. Kozima, H., Neutron Moessbauer effect and the cold fusion in inhomogeneous materials. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107 A: p. 1781.

First Author: Kozima, H.
All Authors: Kozima, H.
Keywords: Theory, Mossbauer, TCNF


1991. Kuehne, R.W., The possible hot nature of cold fusion. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 198.

First Author: Kuehne, R. W.
All Authors: Kuehne, R. W.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


1992. Kunimatsu, K., Current status of room-temperature nuclear fusion. Excess heat measurement. Petrotech. (Tokyo), 1994. 17(12): p. 998 (in Japanese).

First Author: Kunimatsu, K.
All Authors: Kunimatsu, K.
Keywords: review


1993. Lewenstein, B.V., La saga de la fusion froide" (The cold fusion saga). Recherche, 1994. 25: p. 636 (in French).

First Author: Lewenstein, B. V.
All Authors: Lewenstein, B. V.
Keywords: history


1994. Li, X.Z. Searching for Truth with High Expectations - 5 Year Studies of Cold Fusion in China. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z.
Keywords: review


1995. Li, X.Z., The 3-Dimensional Resonance Tunneling in Chemically Assisted Nuclear Fission and Fusion Reactions. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 480.

First Author: Li, X. Z.
All Authors: Li, X. Z.
Keywords: theory tunneling


1996. Lipson, A.G., I.I. Bardyshev, and D.M. Sakov, Generation of hard gamma-radiation in KD2PO4 single crystals during the ferroelectric phase transition. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1994. 20: p. 957.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Bardyshev, I. I., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: ferroelectrics, gamma emission, fractofusion, KD2PO4


1997. Lipson, A.G. and D.M. Sakov, Increase in the intensity of the external neutron flux in the irradiation of a KD2PO4 crystal at the point of the ferroelectric transition. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1994. 20: p. 954.

First Author: Lipson, A. G.
All Authors: Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M.
Keywords: KD2PO4, neutron, irradiation


1998. Liu, R., et al., Measurement of neutron energy spectra from the gas discharge facility. Yuanzi Yu Fenzi Wuli Xuebao, 1994. 11(2): p. 115 (in Chinese).

First Author: Liu, R.
All Authors: Liu, R., Wang, D., Chen, S., Li, Y., Fu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S.
Keywords: ion bombardment, neutron


1999. Mallove, E., et al., Cold Fusion: Still a Hot Topic? Phys. Today, 1994. March: p. 93.

First Author: Mallove, E.
All Authors: Mallove, E., Williams, D. E. G., Huizenga, J. R., Bashkin, S.
Keywords: history

Letter to Physics Today, with a response by Williams. Letter begins:

David Williams's review of John R. Huizenga's unrepentantly negative book Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century (January 1993, page 73) contains disturbing and false assertions. Williams says, "now investigations on so-called cold fusion are confined to only a few laboratories," a claim that is entirely without foundation . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEcoldfusion.pdf


2000. Maly, J.A. and J. Vavra, Response to 'Comments on 'Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I''. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 112.

First Author: Maly, J. A.
All Authors: Maly, J. A., Vavra, J.
Keywords: critique, Rice


2001. Manduchi, C., et al., Anomalous effects during the interaction of subatmospheric D2(H2) with Pd from 900C to room temperature. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107 A: p. 171.

First Author: Manduchi, C.
All Authors: Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Milli, E., Riccardi, L., Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Buffa, A.
Keywords: Pd, D2, neutron, CR-39, particle emission


2002. Matsumoto, T., Two Proposals Concerning Cold Fusion. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 1337.

First Author: Matsumoto, T.
All Authors: Matsumoto, T.
Keywords: critique, review


2003. Matsuzaki, A., T. Nishina, and I. Uchida, In situ low incident angle XRD technique with electrochemical methods. Application to deuterium charging into palladium cathode. Hyomen Gijutsu, 1994. 45: p. 106.

First Author: Matsuzaki, A.
All Authors: Matsuzaki, A., Nishina, T., Uchida, I.
Keywords: electrolysis, Pd, x-ray diffraction, structure


2004. McKibben, J.L., Particles as Standing Waves in a Superdense Aether. 1994.

First Author: McKibben, J. L.
All Authors: McKibben, J. L.
Keywords: theory


2005. McKubre, M.C.H., et al. An overview of excess heat production in deuterated palladium system. in IECEC Conference. 1994. Monterey, CA.

First Author: McKubre, M. C. H.
All Authors: McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Hauser, A., Jevtic, N., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis


2006. McKubre, M.C.H., et al., Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd and H/Pd Systems. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 368: p. 55.

First Author: McKubre, M. C. H.
All Authors: McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Passell, T. O., Santucci, J.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, method

Isothermal calorimetric studies of the D/Pd and H/Pd systems have been carried out at high deuterium (hydrogen) loadings (i.e. [D(H)]/[Pd] > 0.9) at approximately 30C. Under these conditions, the generation of "excess power" was observed in a series of deuterium-based experiments, but not in a hydrogen-based experiment. The results of these experiments enable several (tentative) conclusions to be reached concerning the conditions necessary for the reproducible observation of this anomalous thermal effect.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHisothermala.pdf


2007. McKubre, M.C.H., et al., Development of Advanced Concepts for Nuclear Processes in Deuterated Metals, TR-104195. 1994, Electric Power Research Institute.

First Author: McKubre, M. C. H.
All Authors: McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Tanzella, F. L., Smedley, S. I., Williams, M., Wing, S., Maly-Schreiber, M., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Searson, P. C., Pronko, J. G., Kohler, D. A.
Keywords:

The excess heat generated in electrochemical cells with palladium cathodes and heavy water electrolyte appears to be far too large to result from chemical or metallurgical transformation. The evidence implies that the heat source is a nuclear reaction of some as yet undetermined nature.

This book is available here:

http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104195

The LENR-CANR.org version is searchable.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHdevelopmen.pdf


2008. Miao, B., Experimental exploration on the possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice. Xibei Shifan Xuebao. Ziran Kexueban, 1994. 30(1): p. 39 (in Chinese).

First Author: Miao, B.
All Authors: Miao, B.
Keywords: electrolysis, titanium, D2O, heat


2009. Miao, B., Experimental exploration on possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice. Xibei Shifan Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, 1994. 30: p. 44 (in Chinese).

First Author: Miao, B.
All Authors: Miao, B.
Keywords: electrolysis, heat tritium, neutron, titanium Helium


2010. Miles, M. and B.F. Bush, Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 156.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Bush, B. F.
Keywords: heat He Pd, D2O, electrolysis


2011. Miles, M., B.F. Bush, and J.J. Lagowski, Anomalous effects involving excess power, radiation, and helium production during D2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 478.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J.
Keywords: heat+ He electrolysis Pd D2O diffusion, pyrex


2012. Miles, M., B.F. Bush, and D.E. Stilwell, Calorimetric principles and problems in measurements of excess power during Pd-D2O electrolysis. J. Phys. Chem., 1994. 98: p. 1948.

First Author: Miles, M.
All Authors: Miles, M., Bush, B. F., Stilwell, D. E.
Keywords: heat, method, critique, Lewis


2013. Miley, G.H., et al. Energy Amplifier with Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Miley, G. H.
All Authors: Miley, G. H., Batyrbekov, E. G., Hora, H., Patel, J. U., Tompkins, J., Zich, R. K.
Keywords: titanium, Pd, layer, heat+ method


2014. Miley, G.H., et al., Electrolytic Cell with Multilayer Thin-Film Electrodes. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 313.

First Author: Miley, G. H.
All Authors: Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Batyrbekov, E. G., Zich, R. L.
Keywords: thin layer, electrolysis, D2O


2015. Mills, R.L., W.R. Good, and R.M. Shaubach, Dihydrino molecule identification. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 103.

First Author: Mills, R. L.
All Authors: Mills, R. L., Good, W. R., Shaubach, R. M.
Keywords: theory, hydrino


2016. Milton, R., Forbidden science. Suppressed research that could change our lives. 1994, London: Fourth Estate.

First Author: Milton, R.
All Authors: Milton, R.
Keywords: history,


2017. Morioka, S., Nuclear fusion triggered by positron annihilation at vacancies in deuterated metals. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107A: p. 2755.

First Author: Morioka, S.
All Authors: Morioka, S.
Keywords: Theory, positron annihilation


2018. Morrison, D.R.O., Review of Progress in Cold Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 48.

First Author: Morrison, D. R. O.
All Authors: Morrison, D. R. O.
Keywords: review, history, critique


2019. Morrison, D.R.O., Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by Fleischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 185: p. 498.

First Author: Morrison, D. R. O.
All Authors: Morrison, D. R. O.
Keywords: critique, Fleischmann


2020. Mukherjee, D. and A. Wordsworth, Stress relieving of palladium foils, controls its electro-catalytic properties. Tool & Alloy Steels, 1994: p. 323.

First Author: Mukherjee, D.
All Authors: Mukherjee, D., Wordsworth, A.
Keywords: Pd, OCV, corrosion, electrolysis, loading


2021. Nakamitsu, Y., et al., Study of cold nuclear fusion with electrolysis at low-temperature range. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1994. 107: p. 117.

First Author: Nakamitsu, Y.
All Authors: Nakamitsu, Y., Chiba, M., Fukushima, K., Hirose, T., Kubo, K., Fujii, M., Nakahara, H., Seimiya, T., Sueki, K., Katada, M., Baba, N., Kamasaki, S., Ikuta, S., Endo, K., Shirakawa, T.
Keywords: methanol, Pd, electrolysis, low temperature, neutron


2022. Nomura, K. and E. Akiba, Trial of nuclear fusion. Busshitsu Kogaku Gijutsu Kenkyusho Hokoku, 1994. 2(4): p. 439 (in Japanese).

First Author: Nomura, K.
All Authors: Nomura, K., Akiba, E.
Keywords: D2, titanium Pd, LaNi5 Mg2Ni, neutron, Pd Ti


2023. Notoya, R., Y. Noya, and T. Ohnishi, Tritium generation and large excess heat evolution by electrolysis in light and heavy water-potassium carbonate solutions with nickel electrodes. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 179.

First Author: Notoya, R.
All Authors: Notoya, R., Noya, Y., Ohnishi, T.
Keywords: tritium, Ni, D2O, H2O, heat+, transmutation, Ca


2024. Okamoto, M., et al., Excess Heat Generation, Voltage Deviation, and Neutron Emission in D2O-LiOD Systems. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 176.

First Author: Okamoto, M.
All Authors: Okamoto, M., Yoshinaga, Y., Aida, M., Kusunoki, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron+, energy, electrolysis

ABSTRACT To elucidate the mechanism of the excess heat generation (EHG), the correlation of the EHG with the nuclear effects, especially the excess neutron emission (ENE), and electrochemical effects, especially the cell voltage (CV) change, is discussed based on the data obtained in a series of electrolysis of heavy water or light water in D2 (H2)O-LiOD(H)-Pd systems.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OkamotoMexcessheata.pdf


2025. Oriani, R.A. A Brief Survey of Useful Information About Hydrogen in Metals. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Oriani, R. A.
All Authors: Oriani, R. A.
Keywords: loading, H2

introduction Because cold fusion phenomena are notoriously erratic, and the parameters necessary to obtain reproducible and consistent results are poorly understood it is important to be aware of what is known about the state of hydrogen in metals and of the dynamics of its entry into and release from a metal. This short paper cannot do more than indicate some of the important areas; the interested reader can obtain more information by reading the references (1-3).

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAabriefsurv.pdf


2026. Passell, T.O. Overview and Status of the EPRI Program on Deuterated Metals. in ASME Joint International Power Generation Conference. 1994. Phoenix, AZ.

First Author: Passell, T. O.
All Authors: Passell, T. O.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat, D/Pd


2027. Patterson, J.A., Method for Electrolysis of Water to Form Metal Hydride. 1994: US Patent # 5,318,675.

First Author: Patterson, J. A.
All Authors: Patterson, J. A.
Keywords: heat+, water, electrolysis, beads CETI patent,


2028. Preparata, G., Cold Fusion '93': Some Theoretical Ideas. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 397.

First Author: Preparata, G.
All Authors: Preparata, G.
Keywords: theory screening


2029. Prevenslik, T.V., Sonoliminescence Induced Deuterium Fusion. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 530.

First Author: Prevenslik, T. V.
All Authors: Prevenslik, T. V.
Keywords: acoustic, fusion, deuterium


2030. Pyun, S.I., C. Lim, and K.B. Kim, An investigation of the electrochemical kinetics of deuterium insertion into a Pd membrane electrode in 0.1M LiOD solution by the a.c. impedance technique. J. Alloys and Compounds, 1994. 203: p. 149.

First Author: Pyun, S. I.
All Authors: Pyun, S. I., Lim, C., Kim, K. B.
Keywords: Pd, diffusion, electrolysis, PdD


2031. Ragland, E., A cold fusion technology assessment. Part I - Preliminary Report. 1994.

First Author: Ragland, E.
All Authors: Ragland, E.
Keywords: review


2032. Rambaut, M., Account of Cold Fusion by Screening and Harmonic Oscillator Resonance. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 486.

First Author: Rambaut, M.
All Authors: Rambaut, M.
Keywords: theory


2033. Ransford, H.E., Apparatus for Safely Extending Cold Fusion Investigations to High Temperature, Pressure and Input Power Regimes. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 78.

First Author: Ransford, H. E.
All Authors: Ransford, H. E.
Keywords: heat, method


2034. Reifenschweiler, O., Reduced radioactivity of tritium in small titanium particles. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 184: p. 149.

First Author: Reifenschweiler, O.
All Authors: Reifenschweiler, O.
Keywords: titanium tritium, reduced radioactivity

By heating a TiT0.0035 preparation consisting of extremely small monocrystalline particles (diameter ≈ 15 nm) a decrease of the radioactivity by 40% was observed. In further experiments the concentration of tritium in such preparations was varied (TiTx experiments) showing that the radioactivity of the tritium increased less than proportionally to its concentration. Careful analysis of the experiments seems to rule out the possibility of trivial errors. A provisional hypothetical explanation is formulated. Our experiments may point to a connection with cold DD-fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Reifenschwreducedrad.pdf


2035. Rice, R.A. and Y.E. Kim, Comments on 'Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I'. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 111.

First Author: Rice, R. A.
All Authors: Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E.
Keywords: theory, critique, Maly,


2036. Rice, R.A., et al. Comments on exotic chemistry models and deep Dirac states for cold fusion. in Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1994. Lahaina, Maui: Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304.

First Author: Rice, R. A.
All Authors: Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Zubarev, A. L.
Keywords: theory resonance, Gamow

Several models are examined in which it is claimed that cold fusion is the result either of tight binding of the electrons in H isotope atoms or molecules, or of an electron-H isotope resonance which allows a higher probability of Coulomb barrier penetration. In the case of models in which the electron is tightly bound to the H isotope atom, we show that states below the most deeply bound (-16.39 eV) are impossible in principle. We also present evidence against the possibility of the existence of electron-H isotope resonances. Finally, a lower bound is found for the binding energy of H isotope molecules which is above that calculated in the tightly bound electron-H isotope models.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RiceRAcommentsona.pdf


2037. Sapogin, L.G. I. Deuterium Interaction in Unitary Quantum Theory. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Sapogin, L. G.
All Authors: Sapogin, L. G.
Keywords: theory


2038. Sapogin, L.G. II. On the Mechanism of Cold Nuclear Fusion. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Sapogin, L. G.
All Authors: Sapogin, L. G.
Keywords: theory


2039. Schwinger, J., Energy Transfer In Cold Fusion and Sonoluminescence. 1994.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: theory,


2040. Schwinger, J., Cold Fusion, A Brief History of Mine. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. xiii.

First Author: Schwinger, J.
All Authors: Schwinger, J.
Keywords: theory


2041. Shankland, S., Storms: Interest in cold fusion resurging, in Los Alamos Monitor. 1994: Los AlamosEditor. p. 31.

First Author: Shankland, S.
All Authors: Shankland, S.
Keywords: newspaper, history


2042. Singh, M., et al., Verification of the George Oshawa Experiment for Anomalous Production of Iron From Carbon Arc in Water. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 266.

First Author: Singh, M.
All Authors: Singh, M., Saksena, M. D., Dixit, V. S., Kartha, V. B.
Keywords: Fe, transmutation, nonradioactive, carbon, plasma

A direct current arc was run between ultrapure graphite electrodes dipped in ultrapure water for 1 to 20 h, The graphite residue collected at the bottom of the water trough was analyzed for iron content by a conventional spectrographic method, It was found, in the first few experiments, that the iron content in the graphite residue was fairly high, depending on the duration of the arcing, The experiment was repeated initially six times, and the results showed large variations in iron content (50 to 2000 parts per million (ppm)) in the carbon residue, In the second series of experiments, which were done with the water trough fully covered, the amount of iron in the carbon residue decreased significantly (20 to 100 ppm), Here also there were large variations in the iron concentration in the residue, although the experiments were performed under identical conditions, Whether iron is really being synthesized through transmutation from carbon and oxygen as suggested by George Oshawa or is getting concentrated to different degrees through some other phenomenon is not currently clear, The iron in the carbon residue was also analyzed mass spectrometrically for the abundance of its various isotopes, and the results were more or less the same as that of natural iron, Besides iron, the presence of other elements like silicon, nickel, aluminum, and chromium was also determined in the carbon residue, and it was found that the variation of their concentrations followed the same pattern as that of iron.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SinghMverificati.pdf


2043. Sioda, R., Cavity in Metal (Hohlraum) Limited-Radiation Effect Law. Curr. Topics Electrochem., 1994. 3: p. 349.

First Author: Sioda, R.
All Authors: Sioda, R.
Keywords: theory, hot spot


2044. Storms, E. Methods Required for the Production of Excess Energy Using the Electrolysis of Palladium in D2O-Based Electrolyte. in International Symposium, Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: heat+, Pd, D2O, method


2045. Storms, E., Chemically-Assisted Nuclear Reactions. Cold Fusion, 1994. 1(3): p. 42.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: review


2046. Storms, E., Some Characteristics of Heat Production Using the "Cold Fusion" Effect. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 96.

First Author: Storms, E.
All Authors: Storms, E.
Keywords: heat+ Pd, D2O, temperature, Current Density electrolysis


2047. Strackan, J.S., Thermoelectric Energy Conversion. 1994: US Patent #5,288,336.

First Author: Strackan, J. S.
All Authors: Strackan, J. S.
Keywords: thermoelectric, Energy Conversion,


2048. Sullivan, D.L., Exclusionary epideictic: NOVA's narrative excommunication of Fleischmann and Pons. Sci., Technol. Human Values, 1994. 19: p. 283.

First Author: Sullivan, D. L.
All Authors: Sullivan, D. L.
Keywords: history


2049. Sundaresan, R. and J. Bockris, Anomalous Reactions During Arcing Between Carbon Rods in Water. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26: p. 261.

First Author: Sundaresan, R.
All Authors: Sundaresan, R., Bockris, J.
Keywords: transmutation, C, Fe, H2O plasma discharge

Spectroscopically pure carbon rods were subjected to a carbon arc in highly purified water. The arc current varied from 20 to 25 A and was passed intermittently for several hours. The original carbon contained ~2 parts per million (ppm) iron, and the detritus contained up to 286 ppm of iron. The carbon rods remained cool 10 the touch at >2 cm from their tips. Adsorption of iron from water or the surrounding atmosphere was established as not being the cause of the increase of iron. There is a weak correlation between the iron formed and the time of passage of current. When dissolved O2, was replaced by N2 in the solution, no iron was formed. Hence, the mechanism

26C12 + 28O18 -> 26Fe56 + 2He4

was suggested as the origin of the iron. The increase in temperature of the solution was consistent with expectation based on this reaction.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Sundaresananomalousr.pdf


2050. Swartz, M.R. Generalized Isotopic Fuel Loading Equations. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Swartz, M. R.
All Authors: Swartz, M. R.
Keywords: theory


2051. Swartz, M.R., Isotopic Fuel Loading Coupled to Reactions at an Electrode. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 74.

First Author: Swartz, M. R.
All Authors: Swartz, M. R.
Keywords: diffusion, gradient, Pd, deuterium


2052. Szpak, S., P.A. Mosier-Boss, and R.D. Boss, Comments on the analysis of tritium content in electrochemical cells. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 373: p. 1.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Boss, R. D.
Keywords: tritium, theory, method, electrolysis

INTRODUCTION

Following the report by Fleischmann and Pons [1] in 1989 that nuclear events, including the production of tritium, can be initiated in electrochemical cells during the electrolysis of heavy water on Pd cathodes, tritium production has been claimed in a number of publications, a list of which was compiled by Storms [2] and more recently reviewed by Chien et al. [3]. However, substantial difficulties have been encountered in reproducing reported data and considerable controversy remains concerning the occurrence of such events, including tritium production.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakScommentsona.pdf


2053. Szpak, S., P.A. Mosier-Boss, and C.J. Gabriel, Absorption of deuterium in palladium rods: Model vs. experiment. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 365: p. 275.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gabriel, C. J.
Keywords: D2O, Pd, electrolysis, loading

This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in:

Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research.

The electrochemical charging of Pd rods by deuterium involves a complex coupling of electrochemical, interfacial and transport processes. In order to predict the overpotential, surface coverage and bulk loading of the electrode during charging, a model has been developed that incorporates the essential features of these processes and involves variables such as the electrochemical rate constants, the bulk diffusion coefficient and the charging current. Features of the computed time dependence of the bulk loading are then compared with published experimental charging curves. New microscopic observations and X-ray diffraction data provide further evidence for the details of the charging process.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSabsorption.pdf


2054. Szpak, S., P.A. Mosier-Boss, and J.J. Smith, Deuterium uptake during Pd-D codeposition. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994. 379: p. 121.

First Author: Szpak, S.
All Authors: Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J.
Keywords: Pd, codeposition, loading, electrolysis, D2O

This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in:

Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research.

ABSTRACT

The mode of deuterium uptake during Pd-D co-deposition has been explored using galvanostatic perturbation techniques. The resultant potential relaxation curves exhibit four distinct potentialtime intervals where the relaxation process is controlled by the interaction between the transport of deuterium from the lattice to the surface to form adsorbed deuterium and the reduction of palladium from solution. These interactions are discussed in terms of the palladium + electrolyte interphase.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSdeuteriumu.pdf


2055. Takahashi, A., Some Considerations of Multibody Fusion in Metal-Deuterides. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 451.

First Author: Takahashi, A.
All Authors: Takahashi, A.
Keywords: Theory, multibody


2056. Tisenko, Y.A., Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. III. Russ. Phys. J., 1994. 37: p. 590.

First Author: Tisenko, Yu. A.
All Authors: Tisenko, Yu. A.
Keywords: discussion


2057. Tsuchiya, K., K. Ohashi, and M. Fukuchi, Mechanism of Cold Nuclear Fusion II. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 493.

First Author: Tsuchiya, K.
All Authors: Tsuchiya, K., Ohashi, K., Fukuchi, M.
Keywords: Theory


2058. Turner, L., Peregrinations on Cold Fusion. J. Fusion Energy, 1994. 9(4): p. 447.

First Author: Turner, L.
All Authors: Turner, L.
Keywords: theory


2059. Vigier, J.P. New Hydrogen (Deuterium) Bohr Orbits in Quantum Chemistry and Cold Fusion Processes. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Vigier, J. P.
All Authors: Vigier, J. P.
Keywords: theory


2060. Vysotskii, V. and R.N. Kuz'min, Nonequilibrium Fermi condensate of deuterium atoms in microvoids of crystals and the problem of barrier-free cold nuclear fusion. Tech. Phys., 1994. 39(7): p. 663.

First Author: Vysotskii, V.
All Authors: Vysotskii, V., Kuz'min, R. N.
Keywords: theory, fractofusion


2061. Waber, J.T. and M. de Llano, Cold Fusion as Boson Condensation in a Fermi Sea. Trans. Fusion Technol., 1994. 26(4T): p. 496.

First Author: Waber, J. T.
All Authors: Waber, J. T., de Llano, M.
Keywords: theory


2062. Wiley, W., Utah scientists research cold fusion in France, in The Denver Post. 1994: DenverEditor. p. 9.

First Author: Wiley, W.
All Authors: Wiley, W.
Keywords: history


2063. Yang, J., et al., 'Abnormal' nuclear phenomena and possible nuclear process. Fusion Technol., 1994. 25: p. 203.

First Author: Yang, J.
All Authors: Yang, J., Chen, D., Zhou, G., Wu, Q., Huang, J., Tang, L., Cheng, X., Xie, D., Gu, L.
Keywords: Theory, transmutation


2064. Yi, K., et al., A study of D-D fusion in TiD target induced by 197Au bombardment. Nucl. Techniques (China), 1994. 17: p. 722 (in Chinese).

First Author: Yi, K.
All Authors: Yi, K., Jiang, D., Qian, X., Lin, J., Ye, Y.
Keywords: ion bombardment, TiD, Au, particle emission


2065. Yu, C.Z. and Y.F. Chang. Internal Conversion Mechanism in Cold Fusion. in International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources. 1994. Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus: Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City.

First Author: Yu, C. Z.
All Authors: Yu, C. Z., Chang, Y. F.
Keywords: theory


2066. Ahern, B.S., K.H. Johnson, and J. Clark, H. R., Method of Maximizing Anharmonic Oscillations in Deuterated Alloys. 1995: US Patent #5,411,654.

First Author: Ahern, B. S.
All Authors: Ahern, B. S., Johnson, K. H., Clark, Jr. , H. R.
Keywords:


2067. Alekseev, V.A., et al., Tritium production in the interaction of dense streams of deuterium plama with metal surfaces. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1995. 21: p. 231.

First Author: Alekseev, V. A.
All Authors: Alekseev, V. A., Vasil'ev, V. I., Romodanov, V. A., Ryshkov, Yu. F., Rylov, S. V., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Strunnikov, V. M.
Keywords: Ti, V, Fe, Zr, Nb, tritium, gas discharge


2068. Alguero, M., et al. An Experimental Method to Measure the Rate of H(D)-Absorption by a Pd Cathode During the Electrolysis of an Aqueous Solution: Advantages and Disadvantages. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Alguero, M.
All Authors: Alguero, M., Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: D/Pd, method loading, Pd, electrolysis ICCF-5

An experimental set up to measure the rate of BCD) uptake by a Pd cathode during the electrolysis of an aqueous electrolyte has been built and its behavior is analyzed. The experimental procedure is based on the pressure changes that take place within a closed electrolytic cell during the hydride (deuteride) formation. Calibration of the system has been done by accomplishing electrolysis with two Pl electrodes and the error sources have been studied. A protocol to be used in Pd hydrogenation (deuteration) is defined. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of this experimental m ethod against measurements of the Pd electric resistance variations are briefly discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=246


2069. An, H.K., et al., Analysis of deformed palladium cathodes resulting from heavy water electrolysis. Fusion Technol., 1995. 27: p. 408.

First Author: An, H. K.
All Authors: An, H. K., Jeong, E. I., Hong, J. H., Lee, Y.
Keywords: Pd Ti Au surface layer heat electrolysis D2O


2070. Antanasijevic, R.D., et al. "Cold Fusion" in Terms of New Quantum Chemistry: The Role of Magnetic Interactions in Dense Physica Media. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Antanasijevic, R. D.
All Authors: Antanasijevic, R. D., Konjevic, D. J., Maric, Z., Sevic, D. M., Vigier, J. P., Zaric, A. J.
Keywords: neutron, X-ray, plasma, gas discharge, ICCF-5

Various recently reported "break even" in different types of "cold fusion" experiments have a common physical origin if one assumes that one should add, in dense states, the action of magnetic interactions of oriented nuclear spins to the usual Coulomb forces. In that case one is led to predict a) the existence of new "tight" quantum molecular states (associated to new "tight" Bohr orbits) which correspond to the emission of X--ray lines and excess energy b) the associated apparition of a certain amount of nuclear fusion reactions due to those magnetic interactions and enhanced tunneling by strong electron concentrations. They appear in the form of neutron (or ?) bursts and various types of "ashes" of particular nuclear fusion reactions in electrolysis, glow discharge, capillary devices, resonance sonoluminescence and plasma discharge experiments. They both contribute to observable energy excess in amounts which vary which chosen set-ups.

To explore this assumption two experiments are presented here i.e. 1) discharge experiments in plasma focus and "capillary fusion" devices (i.e. nuclear fusion) of 10^8 neutrons/burst 2) X-ray measurements in deuterium plasma focus which confirm the existence of new Bohr orbits.

New possible experiments to check it are also briefly discussed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=312


2071. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang. Excess Heat and Mechanism in Cold Fusion Reaction. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: theory heat+ ICCF-5 particle lattice quake

The authors have proposed a new "Model" which can reasonably explain the existence of Cold Fusion Reaction and also verify the generation of tremendous excess energy in the DS-cathode, which is fifty thousand times higher than chemical reaction energy. The new model is named "Latticequake Model". Cold fusion is caused by high energy deuterium similar to "hot" fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=290


2072. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Achievement of solid-state plasma fusion ("cold fusion"). Koon Gakkaishi, 1995. 21((6)): p. 303 (in Japanese).

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: Pd D2O, Helium, heat+, Pd-black


2073. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Peculiar relation between hot plasma fusion and solid-state plasma fusion ("cold fusion"). Koon Gakkaishi, 1995. 21: p. 130 (in Japanese).

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: theory, heat+, Pd-black, D2O electrolysis


2074. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Cold fusion caused by 'lattice quake'. Koon Gakkaishi, 1995. 21: p. 43 (in Japanese).

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: theory Pd-black D2O electrolysis, heat+


2075. Arata, Y. and Y.C. Zhang, Cold fusion reactions driven by 'Latticequake'. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, 1995. 71: p. 98.

First Author: Arata, Y.
All Authors: Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C.
Keywords: theory


2076. Asami, N., K. Matsui, and F. Hasegawa. Present Status and the Perspective of New Hydrogen Energy Project. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Asami, N.
All Authors: Asami, N., Matsui, K., Hasegawa, F.
Keywords: review, NHE ICCF-5

A research and development project, named as 'New Hydrogen Energy', has started in Japan in November, 1993, to confirm the excess heat generation during electrolysis with Pd-LiOD system as the first priority objective. The project has been supported by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) and major industries in Japan, and new laboratory was established in Sapporo.

Present status and the perspectives of the project will be reported together with main technical results. Two types of electrolysis cells, namely, open type cell system from IMRA- Europe, Inc. and the fuel cell type cell systems from IMRA- Japan, Inc. , were installed in NHE Sapporo laboratory and the experiments have started from February 1994 to demonstrate the NHE-phenomena.

Correlationships among maximum attainable DlPd ratio, deuterium absorption and desorption and the characteristics of various palladium sources and treatments have been studied and analysed based on the resultsof the material observations and instrumentational analysis such as O/M , SEM , XRD, AES , SIMS and EPMA.

The laboratory will be reinforced by introducing of mass flow calorimetry systems, and reaction products detection systems towards an interim review scheduled in late 1995.

This R&D program has been conducted under the consignment of New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization(NEDO).

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=103


2077. Asaoka, Y., et al. Simultaneous Measurement Device of Heat and Neutron of Heavy Water Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Asaoka, Y.
All Authors: Asaoka, Y., Ichiji, T., Fujita, T., Matsumura, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, heat-, electrolysis, neutron, gamma emission ICCF-5

An experimental device of cold fusion phenomena has been developed. Feature of the device is precise calorimetry and simultaneous measurement of excess heat, neutron and gamma-ray emitted from the electrolysis cell. The deuterium loading ratio of the palladium cathode can be measured simultaneously.
The galvanostatic electrolysis of heavy water with Pd cathode and Pt anode has been carried out in a closed cell with recombination catalyst. For precise excess heat measurement, the flow calorimetry method were adopted. Obtained accuracy of the calorimetry system was 0.2W at up to 10W of applied power. The electrolysis cell was
set in shielding and neutron emission was detected by an NE-213 liquid scintillation counter and a He-3 proportional detector. Gamma-ray emission was measured with the Ge(Li) semiconductor detector. Electric resistance of the palladium cathode and pressure of the gas phase in the electrolytic cell were measured simultaneously to evaluate the deuterium loading ratio. D/Pd ratio evaluated by each method has reached approximately 0.87.
With these in-situ measurements of heat, neutron and gamma-ray, no remarkable cold fusion phenomena have been observed up to the present time.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=137


2078. Bellanger, G., Embrittlement of Palladium and Palladium-Silver Alloy Cathode Membranes by Tritium. Fusion Technol., 1995. 27: p. 36.

First Author: Bellanger, G.
All Authors: Bellanger, G.
Keywords: Pd, Pd-Ag, embrittlement, tritium


2079. Benson, T., A "Micro-fusion" reactor: Nuclear reactions in "the cold" by ultrasonic cavitation. Infinite Energy, 1995. 1(1): p. 33.

First Author: Benson, T.
All Authors: Benson, T.
Keywords: ultrasonic, heat+, He


2080. Bertalot, L., et al. Power Excess Production in Electrolysis Experiments at ENEA Frascati. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Bertalot, L.
All Authors: Bertalot, L., De Ninno, A., De Marco, F., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V.
Keywords: D2O, Pd, electrolysis, heat+ surface effect gamma phase ICCF-5 phase diagram

Continuing the research activity on heat excess detection during the electrolysis of heavy water with palladium (Pd) cathodes, previously reported at ICCF3 and ICCF4, new experiments have been performed with success. In one of them it was also possible to correlate the power excess production with other parameters of the experiment: its description will be the subject of this communication.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=49


2081. Biberian, J.P. Excess Heat Measurement in AlLaO3 Doped with Deuterium. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Biberian, J. P.
All Authors: Biberian, J. P.
Keywords: proton conductor, heat

We show evidence that solid state electrolytes can be used successfully in "cold fusion" experiments. We describe in this work that LaAI03 single crystals loaded with deuterium produce excess heat up to 10 times the amount of electrical power applied. No significant amount of neutrons has been detected.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=65


2082. Bockris, J., et al., Lattice assisted nuclear transformation (LANT). 1995.

First Author: Bockris, J.
All Authors: Bockris, J., Bush, R. T., Lin, G. H., Monti, R. A.
Keywords: review, transmutation


2083. Botta, E., et al. Search for 4He Production from Pd/D2 Systems in Gas Phase. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Botta, E.
All Authors: Botta, E., Bracco, R., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Cela, V., Fanara, C., Ferracin, U., Iazzi, F.
Keywords: helium Pd, electromigration, D2, neutron, loading ICCF-5

We describe the performance of an apparatus consisting of a cell containing a Pd sheet loaded with D2 in gas phase coupled to a high resolution Q-mass spectrometer. The loading ratio α = D/Pd is increased by applying a constant electric field along the Pd sheet, α is carefully measured by means of the electric resistance variation and of the thermodynamic parameters. In one experiment a signal corresponding to 4He production was observed.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BottaEsearchforh.pdf


2084. Brightsen, R.A., Application of the Nucleon Cluster Model to Experimental Results. 1995.

First Author: Brightsen, R. A.
All Authors: Brightsen, R. A.
Keywords: theory, cluster


2085. Brightsen, R.A., The Nucleon Cluster Model and the Periodic Table of Beta-Stable Nuclides. 1995.

First Author: Brightsen, R. A.
All Authors: Brightsen, R. A.
Keywords: Theory, cluster


2086. Broad, W.J., New Class of Lightning Found High Above Clouds, in New York Times. 1995: New YorkEditor. p. 9.

First Author: Broad, W. J.
All Authors: Broad, W. J.
Keywords: newspaper, lightning


2087. Bush, R.T. The Electron Catalyzed Fusion Model (ECFM) Reconsidered with Special Emphasis Upon the Production of Tritium and Neutrons. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-5

The author's ECFM ("Electron Catalyzed Fusion Model") first presented at the ICCF-4 is re-examined with special reference to the production of tritium and neutrons. The model is of some interest in that it is the first model to fit excess power-vs-Ioading fraction data of McKubre et al. (SRI Intemational/EPRI) and, independently, that of Kunimatsu et al. (IMRA). Of special note is that the peak of the theoretical curve of tritium production versus loading fraction, which is related to that for neutrons by a branching ratio scaling factor, is found to be at a fractional DlPd loading of approximately 0.825, whlch is in go.od agreement with the empirical value of 0.83 announced at the ICCF-5 by Iwamura et al.(Mitsuoishi) for both tritlUm and neutrons. It is of interest then that this theoretical ECFM tritium production curve arises essentially from purely statistical mechanical considerations involving the deuteron occupation of the three-dimensional interstitial lattice, rather than arising from the details of a specific nuclear mechanism. The model shows why tritium is ordinarily not observed when excess heat is being observed. For the neutron-to-triton branching ratio a theoretical lower limit (r/R)^12 results (r is the protonic charge radius and R is the deuteronic charge radius.) yielding a value of 2 x 10^-9 in agreement with the empirical value of 2 x 10^-9 for the neutron-to-triton branching ratio.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=142


2088. Bush, R.T. A Model for the Impurity Promotion and Inhibition of the Excess Heat Effects of Cold Fusion. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: Monte-Carlo, Monaco.

First Author: Bush, R. T.
All Authors: Bush, R. T.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-5

A theoretica12 model describes impurity promotion and inhibition of the heavy water1 and light water3,4 excess heat effects of cold fusion based upon the infl uence on the magnetic properties of Pd and Ni, respectively, of al loying with different metal s. For Ni (light water case), promoters, in increasing order of efficiency, are predicted to be Cu, Zn, AI, and S n . Inhibitors, in increasing order of efficiency, are predicted to be Co, Fe, and M n . Ag, Au, and Cu are indicated as promoters in the case of Pd (heavy water case). Empirical evidence impacting the model will be presented in another paper (ref. 5) in these Proceedings.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=146


2089. Celani, F., et al. Numerical Simulation of Deuterium Loading Profile in Palladium and Palladium Alloy Plates From Experimental Data Obtained Using µs Pulsed Electrolysis. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Petrocchi, A., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Nakamura, M., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Preparata, G., Verpelli, M.
Keywords: Pd, loading, Ag-Pd, Ce-Pd, Pd-V, diffusion, pulsed loading, ICCF-5, electrolysis

Various palladium cathodes hav e been studied to determine the i nfluence of metallurgy and surface treatment o n deuterium loading. In this paper we apply a numerical solution to the appropriate differential equation to calculate the time dependent local deuterium concentration i n side the plates. We use experimentally determined deuterium coefficients for the alpha, beta and gamma phases.

We find the highest concentration gradient in the case of oxidized samples.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=212


2090. Celani, F., et al. Study of Deuterium Charging Behavior in Palladium and Palladium Alloy Plates, Charging Surface Treatments, by µs Pulsed Electrolysis. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Diociaiuti, M., Mancini, A.
Keywords: Pd, loading, pulse, D2, surface, oxidation, electrolysis, ICCF-5

A systematic study about deuterium loading in palladium has been performed. Palladium cold worked plates and palladium alloy plates have been used as comparison. A proper plate surface oxidation has been performed and anomalous absorption rates have been measured. A high peak current (15 A), short width pulse (duration 1 μs) electrolysis technique has been used to test all cathode plates and it is visible that this technique permits to reach very high D/Pd loading values (around 1/1 or even more for palladium). At the beginning of the loading, in close relation with the anomalous absorption rate, a bump of excess heat has been measured in two similar oxidized surface palladium plates. All these tests show that the loading is completely reproducible.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFstudyofdeu.pdf


2091. Celani, F., et al. High Power µs Pulsed Electrolysis Using Palladium Wires: Evidence for a Possible "Phase" Transition Under Deuterium Overloaded Conditions and Related Excess Heat. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Celani, F.
All Authors: Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Pace, S., Mancini, A.
Keywords: D2O, heat+, electrolysis, Pd, pulse, electromigration, resistivity, ICCF-5

Abstract In this paper we describe an electrolytic experiment aimed at reaching high deuterium concentration gradients in palladium wires, using the electromigration effect.

We will describe the selection criteria of experimental parameters and we will show results of our loading and c alorimetric measurements. These tests reveal that a high mean value of D/Pd has been reached in a short time and that there is a correlation between an anomalous heat emissio n and an electric resistivity 'transition" of the overloaded palladium.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=73


2092. Chambers, G.P., G.K. Hubler, and Y. Kucherov, Glow Discharge in Deuterium. 1995.

First Author: Chambers, G. P.
All Authors: Chambers, G. P., Hubler, G. K., Kucherov, Y.
Keywords: Gas Discharge, D2, ion bombardment, gamma


2093. Chen, S., et al., X-ray diagnostics in gas discharge. Trends Nucl. Phys., 1995. 12((3)): p. 58 (in Chinese).

First Author: Chen, S.
All Authors: Chen, S., Wang, D., Cui, G., Wang, M., Fu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S.
Keywords: x-ray, Pd, D2, H2, ion bombardment


2094. Chiba, M., et al., Measurement of neutron emission from LiNbO3 fracture process in D2 and H2 atmosphere. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, 1995. 108: p. 1277.

First Author: Chiba, M.
All Authors: Chiba, M., Shirakawa, T., Fujii, M., Ikebe, T., Yamaoka, S., Sueki, K., Nakahara, H., Hirose, T.
Keywords: fractofusion, superconductivity, neutron, D2, H2


2095. Chubb, T.A. and S.R. Chubb, Wave function overlap and nuclear reactions in D+ ion band state matter. 1995.

First Author: Chubb, T. A.
All Authors: Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R.
Keywords: theory, size, wave


2096. Chubb, T.A. and S.R. Chubb. The Ion Band State Theory. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Chubb, T. A.
All Authors: Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R.
Keywords: theory, band state, ICCF-5

We have previously explained how the occupation of ion band states by hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) in palladium deuteride PdD and possibly Ni can result in radiationless fusion. The explanation includes a number of assumptions about the governing conditions associated with the process. As a consequence of these assumptions we predicted1-3 important excess heat phenomena (loading requirements, by-products, etc.) of Cold Fusion (CF) that were subsequently observed4,5. Although the governing ideas are based on mainstream solid state physics ideas, the underlying theory "seems" to have "evaded" a number of potential problems that have bothered many people concerning CF. As we have explained recently6,7, as a result of these solid state physics effects, discontinuous changes in momentum and singularities in the effective kinetic energies associated with H or D that may occur through the occupation of ion band states provide a means for eliminating the phenomena that seemingly are omitted by the theory. In this paper we clarify the origin of these effects and their relationship to questions that have been raised associated with our treatment of the Coulomb barrier.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAtheionband.pdf


2097. Collis, W.J.M.F. Nuclear Reactions of Cold Fusion-A Systematic Study. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Collis, W. J. M. F.
All Authors: Collis, W. J. M. F.
Keywords: Nuclear Reaction, theory, energy, ICCF-5

A computer is used make an exhaustive search for simple nuclear reactions between naturally occurring isotopes with a view to identifying possible primary cold fusion reactions and materials which might support theoretical models. We discuss the difficulties in producing neutrons and tritium in light water expe rime nts.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=434


2098. Conte, E., A generalization of Schroedinger's equation using biquaternions: the possibility of fusion for particles. Phys. Essays, 1995. 8: p. 52.

First Author: Conte, E.
All Authors: Conte, E.
Keywords: Theory, biquaternion, quantum mechanics


2099. Cravens, D., Cold Fusion Testing at CET. 1995.

First Author: Cravens, D.
All Authors: Cravens, D.
Keywords: H2O, Patterson, test


2100. Cravens, D. Flowing Electrolyte Calorimetry. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Cravens, D.
All Authors: Cravens, D.
Keywords: H2O, Ni, beads, Li2SO4. ICCF-5, electrolysis

When the specific heat and flow rate of the electrolyte are known, the thennal output of cells using circulating electrolytes can be determined. An independent evaluation of the "Patterson Power Cell™" was conducted using the circulating electrolyte as a heat transfer medium. This allows for real time measurements and alteration of the electrolyte. The cell was found to give measurements consistent with claims of excess power. Suggestions for the improvement of the calorimetry are given. A simplified version of the system was demonstrated during the first 3 days o f the International Conference on Cold Fusion - 5 (ICCF-5) and made available to those requesting its examination.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=95


2101. Cravens, D., A report on testing the patterson power cell. Infinite Energy, 1995. 1(1): p. 21.

First Author: Cravens, D.
All Authors: Cravens, D.
Keywords: H2O, beads, heat+, Ni, CETI


2102. Crouch-Baker, S., M.C.H. McKubre, and F.L. Tanzella. Some Thermodynamic Properties of the H(D)-Pd System. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Crouch-Baker, S.
All Authors: Crouch-Baker, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L.
Keywords: PdD, thermodynamic, enthalpy of formation, ICCF-5

In any discussion of the origin, measurement or description of the anomalous power prod ucing process which occurs in connection with the electrochemical loading of deuterium into palladium, knowledge of the thermodynamic behaviour of the system is clearly of importance. More particularly, since the formation of highly l oaded palladium is implicated as a necessary (but itself insufficient) condition for the observation of anomalous power, thermodynamic considerations relating to the attainment of high l oadings are of interest. Here, it is intended to review, at a general level , those aspects of the thermodynamic nature of the H(D)-Pd system, both equilibrium and non-equilibrium, which appear to bear most directly,on the question of excess power producti on in relati o n to the attai nment of high loadings.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=235


2103. Cuevas, F., et al. An Experimental System for "Cold Fusion" Experiments with Self-Produced Iodide Titanium Films. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Cuevas, F.
All Authors: Cuevas, F., Fernandez, J. F., Algueru, M., Sanchez, C.
Keywords: Ti, D2, layer, method, deposition, ICCF-5

An experimental system has been developed to grow pure titanium films on tungsten substrates. The physicochemical properties of these films have been widely studied and ad hoc samples can be used for Cold Fusion experiments avoiding their contact with atmosphere. Different Cold Fusion experiments are proposed in a new experimental setup that allows deuterium gas loading of the film whi le electrical current is applied through them. Thus, an experimental configuration similar to an electrochemical loading is attained.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=262


2104. Czerwinski, A., et al., The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part III: The influence of solution composition. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 386: p. 207.

First Author: Czerwinski, A.
All Authors: Czerwinski, A., Maruszczak, G., Zelazowska, M., Lancucka, M., Marassi, R., Zamponi, S.
Keywords: loading, Pd, D2O, H2O, electrolysis


2105. Daddi, L. Neutrons Observations in Cold Fusion Experiments. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Daddi, L.
All Authors: Daddi, L.
Keywords: neutron, review, ICCF-5

This report is a review of the most convincing observations of neutrons in Cold Fusion history up to recent experiments in which neutrons were so numerous and long lasting so as to allow activation of thermal detectors. Lately neutrons were observed also by using natural hydrogen. A more complete review is published elsewhere.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=60


2106. Dagani, R., Cold Fusion Believer Turned Skeptic Crusades for More Rigorous Research. Chem. Eng. News, 1995.

First Author: Dagani, R.
All Authors: Dagani, R.
Keywords: history, critique


2107. Dufour, J., J. Foos, and J.P. Millot. Measurement of Excess Energy and Isotope Formation in the Palladium-Hydrogen System. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Dufour, J.
All Authors: Dufour, J., Foos, J., Millot, J. P.
Keywords: H2, heat+, theory, gas discharge, ICCF-5

A search for the products of fusion reactions that could be triggered by sparking in hydrogen isotopes was carried out. No signatures above background were found. On the contrary, the excess energy production was confirmed in the simple hydrogen/palladium system. The formation of a tightly bound state of the hydrogen (deuterium) atom is hypothesized to explain these results.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJmeasuremen.pdf


2108. Fateev, E.G., Possibilities for establishing the mechanism of neutron generation in deuterated materials under mechanical loading. Tech. Phys. Lett., 1995. 21(5): p. 373.

First Author: Fateev, E. G.
All Authors: Fateev, E. G.
Keywords: Theory, fractofusion


2109. Fedorovich, G.V., The possible nature of cold fusion in the Earth's mantle. Fusion Technol., 1995. 28: p. 1749.

First Author: Fedorovich, G. V.
All Authors: Fedorovich, G. V.
Keywords: Theory, geological, fractofusion


2110. Felici, R., et al., In situ measurement of the deuterium (hydrogen) charging of a palladium electrode during electrolysis by energy dispersive x-ray diffraction. Rev. Sci. Instr., 1995. 66(5): p. 3344.

First Author: Felici, R.
All Authors: Felici, R., Bertalot, L., De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Violante, V.
Keywords: lattice Parameter, Pd, loading, PdD


2111. Flanagan, T.B. and H. Noh, Thermodynamics and hysteresis for hydrogen solution and hydride formation in Pd-Ni alloys. Z. Naturforsch. A, 1995. 50: p. 475.

First Author: Flanagan, T. B.
All Authors: Flanagan, T. B., Noh, H.
Keywords: Pd-Ni-H, phase diagram, pressure, thermodynamic


2112. Fleischmann, M. The Experimenters' Regress. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: Harwell, critique, electrolysis, heat, Pd, ICCF-5, D2O

Introduction
At the beginning of any new and controversial field of investigation, we cannot tell which of the following two statements is true:

A. "Positive" conclusions are correct; "negative" results are due to bad experimentation.
B. "Negative" conclusions are correct; "positive" results are due to bad experimentation.

This is the basis of the Experimenters' Regress, a concept drawn from the field of the Sociology of Science, e.g. see ( 1 ). As scientists, we also need to examine the possible validity of the following statement (as well as its corollary) . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=169


2113. Fleischmann, M. More About Positive Feedback; More About Boiling. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Fleischmann, M.
All Authors: Fleischmann, M.
Keywords: D2O, Pd, electrolysis, heat, positive feedback, enthalpy of formation, ICCF-5

We have already described elsewhere ( 1 ,2) some of the principles which have guided our search for the generation of high rates of excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperatures, say, up to the boiling points of the electrolytes (3,4) . One of these principles has been the prediction that the partial molar enthalpy of absorption of hydrogen (or deuterium) in palladium (5) will become positive at the high charging ratios (X = DlPd) required for excess enthalpy generation (6,7), see Fig 1.
Although a transition from exothermic to endothermic absorption is probably not a necessary condition for achieving excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperaturesl , such a transition will certainly facilitate the achievement of high charging ratios. For example, increases of temperature will then themselves lead to increases in X and thereby in the rates of excess enthalpy generation. These are the conditions required for the development of "positive feedback" and; in this paper, we report on two lines of investigation which have indicated the presence of these effects. We then outline the way in which our understanding of this phenomenon has guided our investigation of excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperatures.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=157


2114. Fox, H. A Survey of Current International "Cold Fusion" Research. in IECEC Conference. 1995. Paper #95-247.

First Author: Fox, H.
All Authors: Fox, H.
Keywords: Review


2115. Fox, H. and R.W. Bass. Cold versus hot fusion deuterium branching ratios. in Proceedings of 16th International Symposium on Fusion Engineering. 1995. IEEE.

First Author: Fox, H.
All Authors: Fox, H., Bass, R. W.
Keywords: Plasma fusion, cold fusion


2116. Fukushima, K. Sonofusion, Compressibility of Liquid and Stability of Spherical Cavity. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Fukushima, K.
All Authors: Fukushima, K.
Keywords: sonofusion, theory, compressibility, ICCF-5

We proposed the sonofusion at ICCF3 and theoretically predicted by use of a simplified model that the temperature of gas within a supersonic cavity reaches more than 10^8 K if the initial radius of the cavity is less than 10 m, that is temperatures high enough for the occurrence of hot fusion.

In the present paper we consider a more realistic model by taking into account the compressibility of liquid and search for the optimum values of supersonic parameters for getting high gas-temperature. In addition the stability of a spherical cavity is examined.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=330


2117. Garg, A.B., et al. Protocol for Controlled and Rapid Loading/Unloading of H2/D2 Gas in Self Heated Pd Wires to Trigger Nuclear Events. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Garg, A. B.
All Authors: Garg, A. B., Rout, R. K., Srinivasan, M., Sankarnarayanan, T. K., Shyam, A., Kulkarni, L. V.
Keywords: Pd, D2, H2, gas loading, autoradiography, ICCF-5

It has now been established that during electrolysis of LiOD using Pd cathodes a threshold loading ratio of at least 0.85 needs to be achieved before excess heat production can be expected, However for emission of neutrons and tritium and possibly charged particles and transmutation products too much lower D/Pd ratios, in the region of 0.4 to 0.7 appears to be adequate. This has been independently corroborated in a variety of electrolytic and gas loading experiments. It is not so much the magnitudes of the steady state loading ratio, but rather creation of non-equilibrium conditions which facilitates rapid migration/transport of deuterons within the Pd lattice that seems to be required. With this in view a systematic study has been undertaken using electrically self-heated 0.1 25 mm dia Pd wires in H2/D2 atmospheres to optimize the conditions under wh ich rap id load ing/unloading or H2 or D2 can be achieved. Pd wire was of 99.9% purity and was procured from Lieco Industries USA.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=266


2118. Gozzi, D., et al., Calorimetric and nuclear byproduct measurements in electrochemical confinement of deuterium in palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 380: p. 91.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, heat+, neutron, He, tritium, D2O


2119. Gozzi, D., et al., Quantitative measurements of helium-4 in the gas phase of Pd + D2O electrolysis. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 380: p. 109.

First Author: Gozzi, D.
All Authors: Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M.
Keywords: Pd, electrolysis, Helium, D2O, method


2120. Grant, P., Author response:" (to the polemic by E.S. Shanley, ibid, same page). Chem. Health & Saf., 1995. 2(2): p. 4.

First Author: Grant, P.
All Authors: Grant, P.
Keywords: critique, SRI, accident, Shanley


2121. Grant, P.M., R.E. Whipple, and B.D. Andresen, Comprehensive forensic analyses of debris from the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' electrochemical cell. J. Forensic Sci., 1995. 40: p. 18.

First Author: Grant, P. M.
All Authors: Grant, P. M., Whipple, R. E., Andresen, B. D.
Keywords: accident, SRI


2122. Grant, P.M., et al., Search for evidence of nuclear involvement in the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' experiment. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 1995. 193: p. 165.

First Author: Grant, P. M.
All Authors: Grant, P. M., Whipple, R. E., Bazan, F., Brunk, J. L., Wong, K. M., Russo, R. E., Andresen, B. D.
Keywords: accident, SRI, radioactivity


2123. Green, T.A. and T.I. Quickenden, Calorimetric studies of highly loaded deuterides and hydrides of palladium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 389: p. 91.

First Author: Green, T. A.
All Authors: Green, T. A., Quickenden, T. I.
Keywords: heat-, loading, Pd, D2O, H2O, electrolysis


2124. Hagelstein, P.L. Update on Neutron Transfer Reactions. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Hagelstein, P. L.
All Authors: Hagelstein, P. L.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-5

We discuss progress in our studies of two new basic physical mechanisms that may be relevant to recent experiments that exhibit anomalies in metal hydrides and deuterides.

Anomalous energy transfer from phonon modes to the constituents of a lattice may occur through frequency-shifting phonon modes that are highly excited. . . .

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=130


2125. Hansen, L.D., et al., COOPERATIVE INVESTIGATION OF ANOMALOUS EFFECTS IN Pd/LiOD ELECTROLYTIC CELLS. 1995.

First Author: Hansen, L. D.
All Authors: Hansen, L. D., Jones, S. E., Thorne, J. M., Shelton, D. S., Taylor, S. F., Storms, E.
Keywords: proposal, DOE, reproducibility


2126. Hasegawa, N., et al. Electrolytic Deuterium Absorption by Pd Cathode and a Consideration for High D/Pd Ratio. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Hasegawa, N.
All Authors: Hasegawa, N., Sumi, M., Takahashi, M., Senjuh, T., Asami, N., Sakai, T., Shigemitsu, T.
Keywords: single crystal, loading, Pd, heat+, surface, pressure, deloading, ICCF-5, electrolysis

Using several kinds of Pd electrodes, electrolysis were performed in "Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell". Initial deuterium absorption (DIP d) at the first period o f electrolysis of 50 mNcm' current density. Maximum DlPd during electrolysis and deuterium desorption were measured. Single crystal Pd electrode reached the highest initial deuterium absorption, DlPd=0.89, and the highest M aximum DlPd, 0.89, during electrolysis. Except single crystal one of high purity, more than 99 .99%, Pd electrodes annealed at 850C reached the highest DlPd, 0.87. And this electrodes showed excess heat of 13 % of input power.

The results of metallographical examinations of Pd electrodes after electrolysis suggest that the electrodes of high purity, annealed at 850C , and machined & etched to remove surface defects will be preferable to reach higher DlPd.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=254


2127. Hoffman, N., A Dialogue on Chemically Induced Nuclear Effects. A Guide for the Perplexed about Cold Fusion. 1995, La Grange Park, Ill: American Nuclear Society.

First Author: Hoffman, N.
All Authors: Hoffman, N.
Keywords: history, book,


2128. Holst-Hansen, P. and D. Britz, Can current fluctuations account for the excess heat claims of Fleischmann and Pons? J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995. 388: p. 11.

First Author: Holst-Hansen, P.
All Authors: Holst-Hansen, P., Britz, D.
Keywords: critique, heat, method, current fluctuation Pons-Fleischmann


2129. Hu, C.C. and T.C. Wen, Effect of pH and anion on hydrogen sorption/desorption at/within oxide-derived Pd electrodes. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1995. 142(5): p. 1376.

First Author: Hu, C. C.
All Authors: Hu, C. C., Wen, T. C.
Keywords: Pd, loading, PdCl2 electrolysis


2130. Iida, T., Deuteron fusion experiments with some foils implanted with deuteron beams. Genshikaku Kenkyu, 1995. 40(5): p. 77.

First Author: Iida, T.
All Authors: Iida, T.
Keywords: ion bombardment, Pd, Zr, particle emission


2131. Indech, R. and R. Karshenboym. Optimization of Output in a Cold Fusion Generator. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Indech, R.
All Authors: Indech, R., Karshenboym, R.
Keywords: theory, ICCF-5

Progress has been made in the production of excess heat from a cold fusion generator based upon the combination of deuterium ions within a metallic matrix. Drawing from fundamental considerations, this paper identifies for optimization those quantities and methods which would tend to increase the heat production. An analogy to hot fusion is presented, followed by theory of the PONS cell. Methods to increase fusion output are introduced with a detailed theoretical analysis of the effective kinetic temperature generated for deuterium ion under an electric field in a porous material.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=170


2132. Isagawa, S., Y. Kanda, and T. Suzuki. Heat Production and Trial to Detect Nuclear Products from Palladium-Deuterium Electrolysis Cells. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Isagawa, S.
All Authors: Isagawa, S., Kanda, Y., Suzuki, T.
Keywords: Pd, D2O, electrolysis heat+, tritium, neutron gamma emission ICCF-5

A burst-like excess heat release, equivalent to 1 10% of the input electric power, was clearly observed for the fIrst time in our newly built open type electrolysis cell using Pd/0.1 M LiOD/Pt. After being precharged, the cell was driven to boiling three times the last of which continued for about 1 6 hours to almost dryness. The burst occurred just during the calm period about 6 hours after the fIrst boiling. The temperature of the cell, about 100 ml in volume, increased by 7.5 K in 13 minutes . A palladium cathode, 2mmq, x 7.0Smm, was a heat s ource, although the mechanism of the heat generation is still uncertain. During the whole period of this run, however, the phenomenon took place only once. Neither increase of neutron emission nor that of tritium concentration has been detected. Mass analysis showed that any traces of D2 as well as 4He have not remained in the Pd s ample u sed. Detection of gamma ray emission as well as 3He and 4He in off gas during or just after release of excess power should be yet to be pursued further.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=141


2133. Itoh, T., et al. Observation of Nuclear Products Under Vacuum Conditions from Deuterated Palladium with High Loading Ratio. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Itoh, T.
All Authors: Itoh, T., Iwamura, Y., Gotoh, N., Toyoda, I.
Keywords: D2 Pd, neutron, x-ray, tritium, gamma emission, particle emission, loading ICCF-5

Gas release experiments with a method of heating highly deuterated palladium metals (DlPd=O.7 - 0.83) in a vacuum chamber to induce anomalous nuclear effects have been performed. Neutron emission and X-ray emission were observed in some cases, and DT gas breeding with high reproducibility. DT gas breeding was correlative with
DlPd and degassing rate of deuterium gas. It shows that anomalous nuclear effects are related to DlPd and diffusion process of deuterium atoms in palladium metals.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=207


2134. Iwamura, Y., et al. Characteristic X-ray and Neutron Emissions from Electrochemically Deuterated Palladium. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Iwamura, Y.
All Authors: Iwamura, Y., Gotoh, N., Itoh, T., Toyoda, I.
Keywords: Pd, X-ray, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-5

Characteristic x-ray and neutron emissions have been observed during electrochemical loading of deuterium i nto pal ladium metal . It shows that anomalous phenomena occur i n deuteri um-palladium system as shown in our previous paper and the others on cold fusion.

http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=215


2135. Jaeger, F.G. A Model for Commercialization Utilizing Patents. in 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion. 1995. Monte-Carlo, Monaco: IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.

First Author: Jaeger, F. G.
All Authors: Jaeger, F. G.
Keywords: Commercialization

The bigg est impediment to commercial development today is lack of widespread demonstration devices and firm scientific understanding of the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for variously reported cold fusion and enhanced energy effects. With scientific understanding, the possibility of commercial amplification and replication could rapidly occur, which would quickly spawn a wide variety of initial commercial products.